PENGANTAR BISNIS

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 Konten Perkuliahan Minggu Pertama

 Perkenalan
 RPS/Kontrak Perkuliahan (Materi kuliah, literatur
yang diacu, quiz, tatip, tugas)
 Tugas2
 Pembentukan Kelompok
 Materi Chapter I

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 Seven Ways to Use this Text and Its Resources

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 Learning Objectives

1. Discuss what you must do to be successful in the world

of business.
2. Define business and identify potential risks and
rewards.
3. Define economics and describe two types of economic
systems: capitalism and command economy.
4. Outline the four types of competition.

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 KENAPA
SIH

KAMU

MILIH
FAKULTAS EKONOMI
DAN BISNIS??

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 Yearly Income

Who Makes the Most Money?

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 Mengapa Belajar Bisnis??

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 Mengapa Belajar Bisnis??

 Bantuan dalam memilih karir

 Menjadi karyawan sukses
 Meningkatkan Ketrampilan Manajemen Anda
 Menjadi konsumen dan investor yang
terinformasi dengan baik
 Memilih bisnis sendiri

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 Free Enterprise

“ …the system of business in which individuals

are free to decide what to produce, how to
produce it, and at what price to sell it.
“

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 Business: A Definition
 “…the organized effort of individuals to
produce and sell, for a profit, the goods
and services that satisfy society’s needs”

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 The Organized Effort of Individuals

Combining Resources
A business must combine all four resources effectively to be successful.

Figure 1.2

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 Classification of Businesses

 Manufacturing businesses
• Process various materials
 Service businesses
• Produce services
(e.g., haircuts, legal advice, tax preparation)
 Marketing intermediaries
• Buy products from manufacturers and resell

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 Ultimate Objective of Every Firm
“
“ …to satisfy the needs of its customers.

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 Bad customer service

Harapan Pelanggan Yang didapatkan

Bad customer service: memberikan pelayanan

kurang atau tidak sesuai dengan apa yang diharapkan
pelanggan

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 Good Customer Service

Harapan Pelanggan Yang didapatkan

Good customer service: memberikan pelayanan

sesuai dengan apa yang diharapkan pelanggan

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 Excellent Customer Service

Harapan Pelanggan Yang didapatkan

Excellent customer service : memberikan pelayanan lebih

dari apa yang diharapkan pelanggan

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 Business Profit

*Profit becomes the property of its owners

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 Stakeholders

“ …berbagai pihak atau kelompok orang

yang terpengaruh oleh kebijakan,
keputusan, dan kegiatan yang dilakukan
“
oleh sebuah organisasi.

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 STAKEHOLDERS

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 Types of Economic Systems

 Economics (Ilmu Ekonomi)

• Studi tentang bagaimana kekayaan (wealth) diciptakan
& didistribusikan
 Microeconomics
• The study of the decisions made by individuals and
businesses
 Macroeconomics
• The study of the national economy and the global
economy
 Economy (Perekonomian)
• Sistem di mana masyarakat menciptakan dan
mendistribusikan kekayaan

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 Types of Economic Systems (cont’d)

 Factors of production
• Land and natural resources
• Labor
• Capital
• Entrepreneurship
 Entrepreneur
• A person who risks time, effort, and money to
start and operate a business

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 Types of Economic Systems (cont’d)

 Differences in economic systems

• How they answer the four basic economic questions
- Barang dan jasa apa yang akan dihasilkan?
- Bagaimana barang & jasa tersebut diproduksi?
- Untuk siapa barang & jasa diproduksi?
- Siapa yang memiliki & mengendalaikan faktor
produksi utama?

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 Types of Economic Systems (cont’d)

1. Capitalism
• An economic system in which individuals own and operate the
majority of businesses that provide goods and services
- Limited role of government

2. Command economies
Economic systems in which the government decides what will be
produced, how it will be produced, who gets what is produced,
and who owns and controls the major factors of production
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 Types of Economic Systems (cont’d)

 Command economies (cont’d)

• Communism
- All factors of production are owned and controlled by the government as proxy for
ownership by all citizens
- Production is based on centralized state planning to meet the needs of the state and not
necessarily the needs of its citizens
- The state dictates occupational choices and sets prices and wages
- Intent is to create Karl Marx’s concept of a classless society where all contribute
according to their ability and receive benefits according to their needs.

• Socialism
• Key industries are owned/controlled by government.
• Land, buildings, and raw materials may be
property of state.
• Private ownership is permitted to varying degrees.
• People chose their own occupations.
• National goals determine what is produced and how.
• Uses taxes, rents, and wages to control distribution.

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 Measuring Economic Performance

 Economic Indicators
• Gross domestic product (GDP)
• Productivity
• Inflation
• Deflation
• Unemployment rate
• Consumer price index (CPI)
• Producer price index (PPI)

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 The Business Cycle

• Recession
• Depression
• Monetary Policies
• Fiscal Policy
• National debt

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 Common Measures Used to Evaluate
a Nation’s Economic Health

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 Four Different Types of Competition

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 The Equilibrium, or Market, Price

 Perfect (pure) competition

Situasi pasar ketika terdapat banyak pembeli dan
penjual produk, dan tidak ada pembeli atau penjual
yang cukup kuat untuk memengaruhi harga produk
tersebut.

 Monopolistic competition
situasi pasar ketika terdapat banyak pembeli
bersama dengan jumlah penjual yang ralatif besar,
di mana para penjual mendiferensiasi produk
mereka dari produk kompetitor.

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 The Equilibrium, or Market, Price

 Oligopoly
A market (or industry) situation in which there are
few sellers

 Monopoly
A market (or industry) with only one seller, and
there are barriers to keep other firms from entering
the industry

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