No: HEPCPL/1718/W01024/042 Date: 03/10/2017 To, Executive Engineer, PH Works Division, Valsad Sub: Astol Regional water supply scheme - Compliance to queries raised Ref: Letter no. Moni Cell/ 348 dated 27-09-2017 from the Chief Engineer, Planning & Monitoring Cell to stop tendering process on account of technical errors in hydraulic design approved by TSC-131 Dear Sir, With reference to the above, it is noteworthy that the Chief Engineer is expressing 70 much interest for success of a project from the perspective of its’ hydraulics after time lapse of more than six months of technical sanction. We really appreciate his concerns over the correctness of the scheme, since he is believed to be proclaimed expert officer of GWSSB, and he has opined to stop tendering process till revised hydraulics is not prepared which signified seriousness of the issue. We have tried to address his concerns and we wish that this satisfies the project requirement coupled with its’ functional issues vis-a-vis investment perspectives. Looking at the opinion, at first instance we felt that CE had signed it without reading the Papers prepared by a person who lacks basic knowledge on design engineering, who is ignorant about prevalent practices and does not have experience on DI pipes. This could perhaps be attributed to lack of valid degree on technical qualification. Our pointwnse compliance to the objective and opinion is narrated below in Appendix 1. So far as internal diameter is concerned, we humbly request department to analyse the data on pipes procured so far from various manufacturers over past two decades on the basis of records available without any bias. Correctness of diameter adopted could be reinforced with help of data from other government departments like corporations and ULBs also. We are enclosing a table showing analysis of pipe diameter according to 1S Stipulations as Appendix 1.1. table showing techno-economic analysis of two options to Supply water to 50 villages of Dharampur taluka; pumping water from Damanganga River vis-a-vis pumping water from Par River, is provided in Appendix 1.2. We wish to state as follows. 1. Based on extensive field studies, data analysis and su that the scheme spread over 1500 km should be devel source in consensus with various officials of GWSSB. 129 had approved the scheme for the same with re; Submitted to competent authority in Januray, concepts of the scheme are: rge studies, we had concluded loped on basis of the dependable After detailed deliberations, TSC- alistic flows and then a DPR was 2017. Striking features with unique‘once water is delivered at village, it will flow by gravity to all faliyas without incurring expenditure towards energy. : «Assured life cycle expectancy of 30 years as per guidelines of CPHEEO Manual and ascertain savings in multi-fold cost towards augmentation. ; + Least cost due to innovations in pipe laying like avoid rock cutting ae proposing pipes on pedestals to save on capital cost as well expedite timely implementation to lay pipeline, consequently assuring ease of O&M. + Avoid cutting of trees and save ecosystem since pipe laying on peciestats Yor 80% of the length particularly in dense forest area will not necessitate destruction of forest. This is the best intangible benefit to conserve the nature along-with techno-economy by reducing cost. Gujarat state possesses very low forest cover and protecting natural resources along-with development in these talukas having rich biosphere is the unique feature conceived by TSC. Now due to reduced flows, department will have to augment scheme within a decade, causing heavy capital expenditure apart from loss of forest. 2. As per data, CE was one of the member amongst two members to creat negative hype about the deviation in sensibly adopting realistic flows approved by technical scrutiny committee-129 on 28-02-2017 and 01-03-2017. This has also compelled authority to approve scheme as per TSC-120 flows on faulty data despite caution about air locking and vacuum development due to lower flows leading to failure of the scheme. At that time, documents proved that analysis on population projection is based on faulty data, on which TSC-120 guidelines are developed. . In case CE is really concerned about successful O & M of the scheme, he could have thought of an option of 24 hours operating hours for distribution network so as to ascertain on techno-economy and suitably enhance pumping, filtration and feeder pipelines, which can increase the cost within admissible range of 10% of Administrative Apporval cost. This could avoid air lock and vacuum development in the transmission system as against intermittent supply. From the desk of Chief Engineer, it could have been really sensible to raise the appropriate points for better interpretation of guidelines in the benefit of GWSSB and beneficiaries e.g.adhering to CPHEEO Manual to improve success ratio wherein aspects like i) Designing the system for 55 lpcd and get ft = designing system for lower flows (total a cca om ate te ee ir gh on paper it appears that we are supplying higher quantity of water, when m i refer to Appendix 2.1 anual permits 194 Ipcd. Please ii) AS per records, success ratio of sch i i mes is 60% in plain even aft ; succe area, augmentations, which is expressed as a major concern of CE cadre. We h a 7 ed - We had cari years. This is also of success ratio of schemes. Within stipulations of re of PHEEO guidelines, we caniii) iv) vy) vi) For, i i: ‘atio. Please establish correct population for the design horizon to enhance success Fr refer to Appendix-2.2 for realistic figures of census. Establishment of technically correct application of teen on is widely accepted in the sector of water supply design ee authority to grant fund) by evolving appropriate factor to account for eee of formula, since page 111 of CPHEEO Manual categorically hightights inhet limitations of Hazen-William’s formula as first point “the numerical constant a Hazen-William's formula has been calculated for an assumed hydraulic radius of ft (i.e. R=0.3 equal to 1.2 m diameter) and friction slope of 1/1000. However, the formula is used for all ranges of diameter and friction slopes. This practice may result in an error upto + 30% in the evaluation of velocity and + 55% in estimation of frictional resistance head loss.” Page no 117 also says that “Specials and other appurtenances, actual head loss calculations based on consideration included in sub section 6.2.9 should be done instead of arbitrary provision.” This is also one of. the cause for lower success ratio of schemes. Appendix 2.3 contains these pages. Accounting for inflation in energy charges to arrive at NPV- As per present practice, it is presumed that we are investing a sum Rs. X today and receive interest @ 12% per year. We withdraw Rs. Y at every year. Then we deduct Y from capital, and add interest @ 12% on X-Y and so on for remaining years till the amount becomes zero over period of 15 years. However, actually rate of electricity increases by 5% every year considering current rate of inflation. In case we consider electricity charge as Rs. 6.00 per unit at present, it will be Rs. Rs. 11.88 at 15" year. Also rate of interest earned is much lower than 12%. Kindly refer to Appendix 2.4. Mass balance analysis for storages - Instead of thumb rule based storages, time scale based mass balance analysis could help GWSSB to ascertain techno-economy. Kindly refer to Appendix 2.5. William’s formula (which gineering and central Innovations in treatment technologies - Treatment plants need to be more cost effective with functional enhancement. Thanking you and assuring our best of services and attention at all times Himadri Enviro Protection Consultants Pvt. Ltd. Authorised signatory Copy awn respectfully submitted to: 1, Member Secretary, GWSSB, Gandhinagar. - Chief Engineer, Zone-1, GWSS8, Gandhinagar. . Superintending Engineer, P.H. Circle, Val |. Dy. Executive Engineer, sad P-H.Sub Division, Dharampur, ValsadAPPENDIX-1 7 Main Objective: Feasibility of tapping water resources from PAR river Sr. Quote by Shri D.G. Ramchandani, CE, P & MCell Compliance 1 Scheme is based on Damanganga River in upstream of Madhuban dam. This is the only reliable source with high degree of dependability for the proposed regional scheme. The pipeline crosses the par river to serve the 50 villages of Dharampur route 3 of the scheme. Since water is being pumped at higher elevation from Damanganga, it could be transmitted by gravity to a certain extent. This will prove to be techno-economical as given in Appendix 1.2. As per the oral information the water demand of this route is 10 MLD. Total demand is 9.14 mld as per TSC-120 guidelines. 500 mm diameter DI pipeline crosses the Par River, Hence feasibility of water resources is required to be explored near this location. The alternative analysis for exploring various local resources are presented in the DPR. There is a cause way on this location and bridge could be proposed with combination of the bund, pipeline could be proposed to be laid on the bridge. This may serve three purpose, i.e crossing of pipeline, facility to the villagers for all season approach and storage water. We really appreciate the idea given its’ cost benefit analysis and per capita as well per kilo-litre cost permits. River bottom is rocky and uneven, bottom width of the river is just 65mts and width at the height of 6mt is about 90mt. Data is in order and we have also processed accordingly. Construction of 6mt bund — shall submerge about 2kms of river portion and total storage worked out is just about 900ML, considering 50% use after evaporation and absorption losses , the storage can just serve the purpose for 45 days only. Bottom reduce level of the river is 6 m bund with 2 km submergence and average width would yield about 460 ML since depth will be halved as per sloping terrain of river bed. Also dead storage would be about 50 ML, evaporation would be for topmost 1.8 m per annum (1.35 m over nine months), since river received water from Mid-June to Mid-September, thereafter it stops receiving water. Hence this yields 200 ML net storage available. We can draw 0.74 mld water. about 125mt and the HGLR for the 50 villages is situated at the RL of 574mt hence for using the storage water i required to be pumped with thre pumping station, © stage Tera a Cost to transmit water from a ingle at upstream of Mad to Singarmal vis-a-vis tappi Sees pe by means of construti medium height dams i i | Appendix-1,2 as st, pana ‘ated in point 1 above.Op! inion about the proposed scheme: Shri D.G. Ramchandani, CE, P & M Cell The scheme is difficult to execute The layout of the scheme is on the with 640 contour to 20mt contour, the proposed pipeline crosses many ridges and valleys. Cost per capita is Rs 7294 as per year Sr. | Opinion of 1 and operate 2 topography + 2020 which is too high 4 The distribution network is designed with the friction losses/km ranging from 0.22mt to 27mt, this is the wide range which may cause trouble in operations 226mt , this is very wide range and it need ' regular controlling and operations of all the sluice valve. Total pipeline network= 997kms, as per the topography at least 3 air valve shall be required. ie about 3000 air valves. Considering probabilities of air valves tempering in the area where there is no surface water or less ground water in summer, the huge losses could be assumed resulting to failure of the scheme. In Banasimal_ regional water supply scheme , which has turned into mini irrigation schemes, about 400 police complain as on date is lodged, Response to the project aspects in any hilly terrain Uke Sagbara-Dediyapada, South Dahod (Hafeswar basin), schemes would be difficult to execute and operate It is imperative that pipeline will have to cross such ridges and valleys. ‘As compared to Sagbara-Dediyapada, wherein pipe length is hardly 2 km per village and rise about 200 m the cost per capita is in range of Rs. 9500. As compared to this scheme, length of pipeline per village is 7 km and rise about 600 m. Even three fold increase in physical parameters, yields much more economy, should hot be treated as too high. Interestingly this scheme covers all 1202 faliya and there is no need for duplicate of pumping water from faliya to transfer water within village, as it happens in all other schemes. Hence this is the best design fulfilling four major objectives with help of innovative ideas. Instead of criticizing, it should be appreciated. As per TSC-112A guidelines has not stipulated any criteria on friction losses/km. By increasing such loss/km, we are attaining techno- economical solution for the system and harvesting benefit of topography. Despite such range, we are getting adequate head. Instead as per stipulations of the guidelines, we have tried to attain velocity in permissible range. Hence assuming trouble in operation could be one of the hypothesis but requires technical base. Suitable valves, reducers of appropriate rating etc. are placed for such regulations, Since pipe network will cater to the potable water demand at faliya level, people will not be motivated to tamper air valves as feared. We hope that CE has submitted the calculations on probabilities to support the theory. In the forest area, a source of livelihood, irrigated area. We hi problem, while condu local_peopte to condi griculture is not the main the way Bhanasimal is the lave Not experienced theft ucting survey. Resistance of luct survey in river/ naltahOpinion of Shri D.G. Ramchandani, CE, P & M Cell Response to the project aspects for constructing Dam is the only factor, which is not included at this stage. If CE thinks in this manner, none of the scheme could be evolved. In Dharampur and Kaprada Taluka there are no water quality issues. In the report, none of the place states quality issue. There is the quantity issue. In year 2016 water supply through tankers were provided in 90 villages through 43 tankers , in 2017 water supply through tankers were provide in 101 village through 30 tankers. These tankers are of capacity 2.5 to Skl for about 40 days. Hence total quantum supplied through tanker is 40°4k("40=6400kL,ie 6.4mL.per day 0.16ml water supply through tanker is required, hence economically the scheme conceived for Rs 600 crores is not economically viable and instead of that local arrangement of sources shall be made. GWSSB has conceived number of schemes, latest South dahod costing more than Rs. 900 crores. Whether such analysis was carried out ? Even there are many more schemes costing thousands of crores, and in case Honorable Shri D G Ramchandani, CE, P & M had analyzed it, none of the scheme was economically viable. GWSSB has tried number of local sources over last three decades and then only this was envisaged by administration of GWSSB for which Technical Scrutiny Committee, Board Bethak and Administrative Approval was granted. We are sure _that Chief Minister_of Gujarat, other ministers, Principal Secretary and Chairman _as well_as Member Secretary is also well aware about this fact, without which they would not have accorded approval to this scheme. 10 Sluice valves are proposed from PN-1 to PN-2, whereas actual static pressure is much more than the class of the sluice valve , this shall result failures in the sluice valves. Sluice valves are provided as per head calculated in relevant sections and hence one should not be afraid about failure of valves. 1 Temper proof air valves are proposed of PN-1.6, whereas actual static pressure is much more than the class of the sluice valve, this shall result failures in the air valves. Sluice valves are provided as per head calculated in relevant sections and hence one should not be afraid about failure of valves. 12 Plunger type control valve is of PN-1, which shall also be re-evaluated We have provided plunger’ diaphragm valves with rating of 1, 1.6, 2.0, 2.5 as required on basis of head calculated in relevant sections. Hence, the proposed valves are in order. 13 Majority of the pipeline is proposed on the proposed to be laid on pedestals at the interval of 4mts, these pedestals are cast in situ and | pre-cast, it may be difficult to monitor the quality of work and laying also such type of laying is | being done first time in GWSSB. We are sure that CE is aware about the projects implemented and operational under flagship of GWSSB/ GWIL. To eliminate quality issues for saddles, TSC had suggested to provide pre-cast pedestals. Hence majority of pedestals are pre- cast. In few cases, where setting up of pre-cast was difficult about 10% of pedestals are cast-in- situ. As it is known, GWSSB have effective team for such monitoring headed by Mr. D. G. Ramchandani, proclaimed stalwart. 14 Error in desig of lined pipeline. For 80 mm diameter DI pipe, friction As per design inputs of internal diameter ar bore of 80 mm diameter cement mortar li as 87 mm. Hence for every diameter 13 mi re wrongly taken, as per IS-8329 the internal ned pipe is 67 mm and for 100 mm it is taken im is deducted for arriving at internal diameter losses increases by 2.5 times if actual internalSr.) Opinion of __Shri__D.G. | Response to the project aspects _ Ramchandani, CE, P & M Cell diameter is considerd. | Hydraulic statement. [Point onload [average | Peaking | Max. Detail Of pipeline | | chainage dist | Daily Factor Daily Size | HWC | length | Loss li demand demand per \{ MLD MLD km \(0 {{ 1000_| 0.1 7 01 30 | 130 | 1000 [1.04 I 1000 l 1000_| 0.1 1 0.1 67, 130_[ 1000 | 2.46 Technically the scheme is not prepared properly, hence at present all the tender Process shall be stopped till revised hydraulics is not prepared. | Clarification by us on error in design as apprehended by Shri D G Ramchandani: | | We request the kind attention of competent authority, to the following facts on the | basis of IS stipulations. As per clause # 14, Table 2 on page # 7, dimensions of socket and spigot pipes, classes | K7, K8, K9 and K10 are given, wherein they have given nominal diameter, External | diameter and barrel wall thickness. Clause 15 given on page # 12 and Table 7 shows | external diameter and tolerance. Annex B given on page # 16 and table 15 on page no 17 | in accordance with B-5 is also accounted for while arriving at the internal diameter as tabulated in Appendix 1.2. | Table proves that the internal diameter adopted for the purpose of hydraulic design are | correct strictly in adherence to IS code and THERE IS NO TECHNICAL ERROR IN | HYDRAULIC DESIGN AS BEING HYPED BY CHIEF ENGINEER, PLANNING AND | MONITORING. Perhaps he has referred to erroneus table, meant for the minimum tolerable int diamter at only one point of the pipe as referred in clause B-7. ern Past records prove the facts that despite approval of the scheme for 4 i of the genuine records by technical scrutiny committee-129. He tock eigen? on baasis ok initiative with help again in 131% ; with lower flows of 75.61 mld. . ‘meeting and sanction the scheme Consistent record of misleading authority is also which is proven to be based on faulty d; Prudent by issuing TSC-120 guidelines, February, 2017, enclosed as Appendix 3. lata interpretation as per documentary evidence inpevos [zoe ie ree Er [voor pare [ore [oo jserose [ise Is rr fesse (9 [ress lose Jose Isere69 [007 ls ler [eros (9 frou jez Joow sor109 [eos is lr [esos Is esis sea Joos Ip0'00s __|z005 Is lee [vos s vis Is fees Joos lsorerr [rere [s an 25% los Jos veer [rest s Ist _|ezor Is lez [ve [oxy oor jsorcre [reve s jc _loese Is Ipzoe__oz face Jose svzor _[e-zoe lec __|orsoc Ie jie fez vee oor z esse re _[rrse |e frose Ja vaz Jose stooz ___|v-00z I: Ivor |e [rece Jeo [ez oe laser [vers lez [est ie aso fox: loss jporces __[ereze lez [oz le eer__|9 fe [sz sou izes lez oor Ie fsa. fers Joon ooze [eee ez los. Ie le |e las los eves [Cv08 reo rie [era Joos lsorese fe vse ase pou |e~e Jose Jose ssicoz _[ecoe ou low Is facz [one sv 509 [9-609 5609 eas [ex [seo ooo soivos |e vos sos fais [a fees ]oos pocsy [reer ror a a Texzor __|etor ivs0° row Jeo ——Jeze __|oow [eezst se. bees Tece___ose lee sor ie 08 avi [os (ote [oor Surat vist free les pee __|ose saa on is feee__lone seoss s lacs lost sogzh jest s peer 55656 an s fas cov 6b om s a | wes of sacees 2 _ st sran) cence, oese saan) ‘ aa Sn ee Oe pmowee) " t| soveni| sad | seams sawn ermal srours| a) wwe) ilies ken an] seal ag 0] wade Hen w] s yea ues 2] __oa|_ mae sain! 8 a a ai aes ST Eig rece 005d atte SLO ary acai alls a SY INTaala WOH! FULDOG 40 @SLSAVIG WNERINT: TT XIONREGYAppendix 2.1 ADHERENCE TO CPHEEO MANUAL GUIDELINES FOR WATER SUPPLY RATE As per NRDWP guidelines, rate of water supply shall be 55 lpcd. According to page # 11, unaccounted for water (UFW) shall be limited to 15%, wherein TSC-120 stipulates 25% towards UFW Manual also permits wastage in WTP as 2% in sludge (refer page 623), 3% in backwash (page 634) Total 5% loss. Schedule of Rates, 2014-15 published by GWSSB also states 5% losses to be adopted. Recirculation is to be adopted if capacity of WTP is more than 20 mld. Since most of the WTP capacity is tess than 20 mld, we can consider these losses for raw water drawal only. Peak factor for the design = 3.0, being adopted by NRDWP. Now let us consider design flow for pipeline Rate of supply Add for UFW Design flow including peak factor Design flow for raw water main = 55 lpcd = 55/(1-15%) = 64.705 lpcd = 3 x 64.705= 194.117 Ipcd NRDWP = 194.117/(1-5%) = 204.33 Ipcd As per TSC-120 Rate of supply ‘Add for UFW Design flow including peak factor Design flow for raw water main = 100 lped = 1.25 x 100 = 125 lped 1,.5x 125 = 187.5 lpcd GWSSB TSC-120 = 187.5 Ipcd On submission of scheme, it reflects that GWSSB is supplying 100 Ipcd instead of 55 Ipcd and hence curtail fund on pro-rata basts despite the system designed by us is for lower flows than permissible norms.Appendix 2.2 ADHERENCE TO CPHEEO MANUAL GUIDELINES FOR POPULATION PROJECTION AND WATER DEMAND ASSESSMENT As per CPHEEO guidelines, page # 7-9, most appropriate method shall be adopted. All the schemes are developed on basis of same growth rate for all villages instead of individual growth rate. Growth rate is governed by following factors: ; 1. Geo-spatial location, e.g. growth rate of villages in radius of 20 km (Ajwa/ Nimeta) have very high growth rate, 20-50 tow (Dabhoi taluka), beyond 50 km (Sankheda/ Songadh/ Dangs) high growth rate, villages on highway also experience high growth rate | 2. Proximity to natural property resources like rivers and natural water bodies/ ground water potential within nearby strata (avoid excessive pumping), €.8- villages on bank of river in Kaprada and Dharampur taluka 3. Employement potential (e.g. villages in vicinity of industries/ head quarters) e.g. Umargam, Vapi, Sachin, Jaghadia, Vagra 4. TO ARRIVE AT REAL ASSESSMENT FOR NEXT 30 YEARS, DATA FOR LAST 30 YEARS MUST BE LOOKED INTO AS A BASIC PRINCIPLE AND LoGic. Growth as per Census - Valsad District Rural / | Population | Population | Decadal Taluka Urban | 2001 Dott | Growth | Remark Total 385156 415140 | __ 7.78% oo was ee rural category in census, The Valsad | Rural_[ 222608] 228136| 2.488 | caine is now under urban category in Urban 162548 | __187004| 15.05% | 2011 census Total 480386 | 215872 | 19.67% Dharampur [Rural 760456 | __191694 | 19.47% Urban 19930 24178 | 21.31% Total 405902, 518814 | 27.82% | Orvad(5420), Balitha(12380), Rural 732644 [| __273751 |_17.67% | Salvav(s486), Chiri(18829), Pardi ponen crcl) Lavacha(8549) villages were under rural category in 2001 Urban 173258 245063 | 41.44% | census. The same are now under Taial TOIEGT Taaa TET Oe urban category in 2011 census _faprada [Rural | 202862| 258888 | 27.62% | Total 236247 | 296964 0% | Bhilad(9022), | Total | (| 296964 | 25 9022), Daheli(10475), Umbergaon Rural 210822 233409 | 10.71% Se oe Solsumba(18796) were under rural category ii Urban 25425 63555 | 149.97% | 2001 census. The same are now tnder Categor 201 Gross for | Total | 1410553| 1705678 | 20.92% | 1, meas Valsad [Rural 92 | 1185878 | 15.20% erowth fe teica’ die nt District [urban astzer] > sion % | growth for Walsad district is PEETEC AIO id. 519800 | 36.37% | 15.2 % instead of 3.96%. Pi - irects to adopt growth rate of 3.9. which is then rounded up to 6.67% though it is 15. mx eca ae only 10 years, . cade,One practical aspect need to considered prior to adopting the population projection with realistic approach. i.e. for a while evolving Vapi RWSS, most of the consultants had adopted logarithmic patterns as per directives issued by Inida’s most reputed and renowned consultants. At the same time, a scheme prepared by our company was also presented, wherein difference in population projection was vast and GWSSB has directed other consultants to adopt lower value. Actually, second order kinetics of polynomial curve will mostly govern the population projection, which is base of Malthusian theory. It is well established and proven theory for settlements in India. We had also considered it to arrive at realistic flows and assure life cycle of 30 years, which yielded the ratio of 85% of last three years average growth rate. The data for villages experiencing abnormally high growth rate for Kaprada and Dharampur talukas are available with GWSSB. For Umargam and Vapi are also available with GWSSB. ( GROWTH RATE AS PER CENSUS REPORTS Year | Kaprada (124 | Dharampur (107 | Total (231 villages) villages) villages) | 1981 114933 105051 | 1991 153987 130097 {2001 198507 160456 2011 253312 191694 Increase over 30 yrs. (1981 to 2011) 4.01% 2.75% 3.41% PROPOSED GROWTH RATES BASED ON MALTHUSIAN CURVE SATURATION PREDICTION Kaprada 124 | Dharampur___(107 | Total (231 villages} villages) villages) TSC Realistic | TSC Realistic | TSC Demand | Realistic | Demand 2020 | 278686 | 373174 | 210902 | 271557 | 489588 | 50.39 | 644731 | 72.52 2035 | 348376 | 515195 | 263643 | 359811 | 612019] 63.00 | 875006 | 98.48 2050 | 418060 | 637511 | 316377 | 442311_| 734437 [75.61 _ | 1079822 | 121.75 1.67% | 2.36% | 1.67% | 2.10% 1.67% 2.25% Majority of the systems suggests about 85% saturation level for optimum efficiency. i.e. excavation by JCB, solid waste m: i 5 re y anagement transportation, factory production Hence restricting upper limit of 85% of past i FaUGt lacking uot apa Bae three decadal growth will eliminate ction by is of thorough understanding of demand ee any design consultant due to lack