%5$&2.29$ý(9,û,5,1$.

29$ý(9,û
GLOBALIZACIJA DESTRUKCIJE

(YURSVNLGHIHQGRORJLMDFHQWDU]DQDXþQD
SROLWLþNDHNRQRPVNDVRFLMDOQDEH]EMHGQRVQD
VRFLRORãNDLNULPLQRORãNDLVWUDåLYDQMD
 ,]GDYDþ
(YURSVNLGHIHQGRORJLMDFHQWDU]DQDXþQD
SROLWLþNDHNRQRPVNDVRFLMDOQDEH]EMHGQRVQD
VRFLRORãNDLNULPLQRORãNDLVWUDåLYDQMD%DQMD
/XND

=DL]GDYDþD
3URIGU'XãNR9HMQRYLü

5HFHQ]HQWL
$NDGHPLNSURIGU6ODYR.XNLü
3URIGU,YDQâLMDNRYLü
%5$&2.29$ý(9,û,5,1$.29$ý(9,û

GLOBALIZACIJA
DESTRUKCIJE

%DQMD/XND

 6$'5ä$-

PREDGOVOR

 *OREDOL]DFLMD11
3RMDPJOREDOL]DFLMH13
2GQRVSUHPDJOREDOL]DFLML
 'HVWUXNFLMD
.XOWXUDLSULURGD
5L]LFL
1HRGUåLYRVWUD]YRMD

LITERATURA
PREDGOVOR
 *OREDOL]DFLMD MH MHGDQ REMHNWLYQL
SODQHWDUQL WUDQVQDFLRQDOQLSURFHVPHÿXVREQRJ
SRYH]LYDQMD L PHÿX]DYLVQRJ LQWHUDNFLMVNRJ
RGQRVD L ]EOLåDYDQMD UD]OLþLWLK UHJLMD GUåDYD
QDURGD L HWQLþNLK JUXSD NDR L QMLKRYLK
HNRQRPLMD SROLWLND L NXOWXUD X RNYLUX MHGQH
XPUHåHQRVWL NRMRP VH SUHYD]LOD]H JUDQLFH
QDFLRQDOQLKJUDÿDQVNLKGUåDYD
2YDM SURFHV PHÿXVREQRJ SRYH]LYDQMD
QLMH EHVNRQIOLNWDQ QHJR QDSURWLY YLãH LOL
PDQMHNRQIOLNWDQ
1D MHGQRM VWUDQL VH UD]YLMD HNRQRPVND
GRELW ERJDWVWYR L UDVNRã D QD GUXJRM
VLURPDãWYR ELMHGD L EHVSHUVSHNWLYQRVW 6D
UD]YRMHP JOREDOL]DFLMH D SRG XWLFDMHP
GMHORYDQMD QHSULNRVQRYHQH PRüL NDSLWDOD
NRUSRUDFLMD L PRüQLK QHROLEHUDOQLK GUåDYD VH
UD]YLMDSURYDOLMDL]PHÿXUD]OLþLWLKVHSDUDWQLKL
DQWDJRQLVWLþNLK SRODULWHWD X RNYLUX NRMLK VH
UD]DUDMXQDFLRQDOQHVXYHUHQRVWLGUåDYDQMLKRYH
HNRQRPLMHLNXOWXUH
*OREDOL]DFLMVNL VYLMHW QLMH QLãWD GUXJR
QHJR VYLMHW ÄGDUYLQRYVNH HNRQRPLMH³
QHXUDYQRWHåHQRJQHXMHGQDþHQRJDVLPHWULþQRJ
LDQWDJRQL]LUDQRJUD]YRMD7RMHVYLMHWXNRMHP
SRVWRMH L]UD]LWH HNVWUHPQH HNRQRPVNH
SROLWLþNH L VRFLMDOQH QHMHGQDNRVWL NRMH
SUHGVWDYOMDMX SRYROMQR WOR SRMDYH L UD]YRMD
UD]OLþLWLK REOLND UL]LND – DSVROXWQH NRQWUROH
RVRED QDVLOMD WHURUL]PD RUJDQL]RYDQRJ
NULPLQDOD HUR]LMH GUåDYQLK VXYHUHQRVWL
JXãHQMD GHPRNUDWLMH L VWYDUDQMD L]UD]LWR
9
DXWRULWDUQLK YODGD L GUåDYD LPSHULMDOL]PD L
QHRLPSHULMDOL]PD SRYHüDQMD QH]DSRVOHQRVWL L
VLURPDãWYD UD]DUDQMD SULURGQH RNROLQH L
XJURåDYDQMD RNROLãD L VYHXNXSQRJ åLYRWD QD
=HPOML 1HROLEHUDOQR XWHPHOMHQD JOREDOL]DFLMD
]DLVWD YRGL PRJXüHP XQLãWHQMX SULURGH L
VDPRXQLãWHQMXþRYMHþDQVWYD
'D VH WR QH EL GRJRGLOR þRYMHþDQVWYR
mora VWYRULWL L UD]YLMDWL VDVYLP GUXJDþLMX
SHUFHSFLMX JOREDOQH SODQHWDUQH RGJRYRUQRVWL L
SDUDGLJPX GUXJDþLMHJ QDþLQD åLYRWD U
VXSURWQRP NDWDNOL]PD MH VDVYLP PRJXüD L
L]YMHVQD

10
 1.

GLOBALIZACIJA
 Pojam globalizacije

âWR MH JOREDOL]DFLMD L NDNR MH UD]XPMHWL

NDRUHOHYDQWQXGUXãWYHQXSRMDYX"
PULMHQHJRãWRQDYHGHPRQHNDJOHGLãWDR
JOREDOL]DFLML QDYHãüHPR MHGQR LQWHUHVHQWQR
XSRUHÿHQMH JOREDOL]DFLMH VD SULþRP R WUL
VOLMHSFDNRMDVXVUHODVORQD1DLPHVYDNLMHRG
VOLMHSDFDQDVWRMDRGDRSLãHVORQDDOLMHVYDNLRG
QMLK LPDR VYRMX SHUFHSFLMX L RSLVLYDR VDPR
MHGDQQMHJRYGLR7DNRMHRQDMNRMLMHGRGLULYDR
VXUOXVORQDLVWLFDRGDMHULMHþRåLYRWLQMLÄSRSXW
]PLMH³ GUXJL MH SLSDMXüL QRJX VORQD VPDWUDR
GD åLYRWLQMD OLþL QD GUYR D WUHüL GRGLUXMXüL
VORQRYH XãL WYUGLR GD RQD GYRMLFD QLNDNR QLVX
XSUDYXLGDVORQOLþLQDOHSH]X'DNOHVYDNLRG
QMLKMHSHUFLSLUDRVDPRGLRVORQRYRJWLMHODLQD
RVQRYX WRJ GLMHOD VX VWYDUDOL SDUFLMDOQX
SUHGVWDYX R åLYRWLQML 7DNR MH L VD
JOREDOL]DFLMRP 9LGHüL VDPR QHNH RG
VWUXNWXUDOQLK HOHPHQDWD NRPSRQHQWL L
ÄGLMHORYD³ JOREDOL]DFLMHOMXGLRQMRM]DX]LPDMX
RGUHÿHQH VWDYRYH PLVOHüL GD MH UD]XPLMX NDR
FMHOLQX ãWRQDUDYQRQLNDNRQLMHWDþQR 1
6DP WHUPLQ globalizacija MH UHODWLYQR
QRYLMHJ GDWXPD 8 JRWRYR VWDOQRM MH XSRWUHEL
QHSXQLK SROD VWROMHüD NDNR X WHRULMVNLP
1
'å .DQWRQ (NVWUHPQD EXGXüQRVW QDM]QDþDMQLMH
WHQGHQFLMHNRMHüHSURPHQLWLVYHWXQDUHGQLKSHWGHVHW
L GYDGHVHW JRGLQD, %HRJUDG Ä&/,2³  VWU -

13
NUXJRYLPD WDNR L X VYDNRGQHYQRP åLYRWX
*RWRYR GD QH SRVWRML GLVNXUV EH] RVYUWD QD
JOREDOL]DFLMXQMHQHX]URNHSRVOMHGLFHUL]LNH L
SUREOHPHNRMHVRERPLXVHELQRVL
.DR QDMþHãüL DOWHUQDWLYQL QD]LYL ]D
JOREDOL]DFLMX VH NRULVWH L GUXJL QD]LYL L L]UD]L
NDRãWRVX
x ÄPRQGLMDOL]DFLMD³
x ÄSODQHWDUL]DFLMD³
x ÄXQLYHU]DOL]DFLMD³
x ÄLQWHUQDFLRQDOL]DFLMD³
x ÄDPHULNDQL]DFLMD³
x ÄYHVWHUQL]DFLMD³
x ÄPHNGRQDOGL]DFLMD³LWG
3RMDP globalizacije VH QD UD]OLþLWH
QDþLQH VKYDWD 2G WRJD GD MH ULMHþ R
SRYH]LYDQMXORNDOQLKLUHJLRQDOQLKSRGUXþMDWH
GUåDYQLK HWQLþNLK NXOWXUQLK L SROLWLþNLK
VHJPHQDWDXLQWHJUDWLYQXFMHOLQXGRWRJDGDMH
RQDPDQLIHVWDFLMVNLSURVWRUVXNREDLNRQIOLNDWD
DXWRULWDUQRVWL L QHVORERGH VRFLMDOQH QHSUDYGH
HNVSORDWDFLMH LGLVNULPLQDFLMH
*OREDOL]DFLMD MH L]X]HWQR VQDåDQ SURFHV
SRYH]LYDQMD L LQWHJUDFLMH GUXãWDYD L GUåDYD X
MHGQX PHÿX]DYLVQX FMHOLQX 8 PRGHUQRP L
VDYUHPHQRP GREX VH JOREDOL]DFLMD WHPHOML QD
QHROLEHUDOQRPHNRQRPVNRPNRQFHSWXGRNWULQL
LLGHRORJLML
9DåQH SRNUHWDþNH VQDJH QHROLEHUDOQRJ
JOREDOQRJ SURFHVD SURL]YRGQMH L GRPLQDQWQRJ
QDþLQD åLYRWD SUHGVWDYOMDMX LQIRUPDFLRQH L
14
NRPXQLNDFLRQH WHKQRORJLMH EU]L UD]YRM
LQIUDVWUXNWXUH L VDREUDüDMD WH NDSLWDO MHIWLQD
UDGQD VQDJD L MHIWLQH VLURYLQH 6 FLOMHP
RVWYDUHQMD ãWR YHüHJ SURILWD D X SRWUD]L ]D
MHIWLQRP UDGQRP VQDJRP L UHVXUVLPD NDSLWDO
SUHOD]LQDFLRQDOQHJUDQLFH
.DGD MH X SLWDQMX GLVNXUV R SRþHFLPD
JOREDOL]DFLMH SRVWRMH UD]OLþLWD JOHGLãWD 8 WRP
VPLVOX VH LVWLþH GD JOREDOL]DFLMD ]DSRþLQMH VD
SUYLP PLJUDFLMDPD RGQRVQR VD SRþHWNRP
þRYMHNRYH SRWUDJH ]D KUDQRP L GUXJLP
QHRSKRGQLPUHVXUVLPD7DNRÿHLVWLþHVHGDVH
SRþHFL JOREDOL]DFLMH PRJX SRYH]DWL VD
SRþHFLPD UD]YRMD FLYLOL]DFLMH L PRGHUQL]DFLMH
]DWLP VD SRMDYRP L ãLUHQMHP UHOLJLMD
9L]DQWLMVNLP SHULRGRP Rimskim carstvom
,QWHQ]LYQL UD]YRM SURFHVD JOREDOL]DFLMH QHNL
YLGH X -80-WLK JRGLQDPD SURãORJ VWROMHüD VD
UD]YRMHPNDSLWDOLVWLþNRJQDþLQDSURL]YRGQMHWH
90-WLKUXãHQMHPBerlinskog zida
3RUHG WHUPLQD globalizacija, X XSRWUHEL
MH MRã MHGDQ WHUPLQ SRYH]DQ VD SUHWKRGQLP
WHUPLQRPDWRMH– JOREDOL]DP
*OREDOL]DFLMD QLMH LVWR ãWR L globalizam
2YXGLVWLQNFLMXMHGREURXRþLR8OULK%HNNDGD
MHLVWDNQXRGDVHSRGSRMPRPglobalizma PRåH
SRGUD]XPLMHYDWL RQR VKYDWDQMH SUHPD NRMHP
ÄVYMHWVNR WUåLãWH L]JXUDYD LOL ]DPMHQMXMH
SROLWLþNR GMHORYDQMH RGQRVQR LGHRORJLMX
YODGDYLQH VYMHWVNRJ WUåLãWD LGHRORJLMX
QHROLEHUDOL]PD³ 6 GUXJH VWUDQH SRVPDWUDQR
JOREDOL]DFLMD MH QHãWR GUXJR SRG QMRP WUHED
15
SRGUD]XPLMHYDWLÄSURFHVHNRMLKMHSRVOMHGLFDWD
GDWUDQVQDFLRQDOQLDNWHULQMLKRYHãDQVH]DPRü
RULMHQWDFLMH LGHQWLWHWL L PUHåH SRWNRSDYDMX
QDFLRQDOQH GUåDYH L QMLKRY VXYHUHQLWHW L
PHÿXVREQRVHSRYH]XMX³ 2
,DNR VH GDQDV ULMHþ globalizacija
VYDNRGQHYQR NRULVWL LSDN WUHED UHüL GD VH RYD
ULMHþWHNRGQHGDYQRSRþHODXSRWUHEOMDYDWL
*OREDOL]DFLMDVHQDMMHGQRVWDYQLMHPRåH
RGUHGLWL ÄNDR VYH YHüD PHÿXVREQD JOREDOQD
SRYH]DQRVW³ SRG QD]LYRP ÄJOREDOL]DFLMD³
SRGUD]XPLMHYDMX VH VORåHQL L X]DMDPQR
PHÿXVREQR SRYH]DQL SURFHVL ÄX GRPHQX
HNRQRPLMHWHKQRORJLMHNXOWXUHåLYRWQHVUHGLQH
L SROLWLNH³ 7DNRÿH JOREDOL]DFLMD VH RGQRVL L QD
ÄWRNRYH URED NDSLWDOD OMXGL LQIRUPDFLMD LGHMD
VOLND L UL]LND L]YDQ QDFLRQDOQLK JUDQLFD X
NRPELQDFLML VD UD]YRMHP GUXãWYHQLK PUHåD L
SROLWLþNLK LQVWLWXFLMD NRMH RJUDQLþDYDMX
QDFLRQDOQX GUåDYX =D VRFLRORJH QDM]QDþDMQLML
DVSHNW JOREDOL]DFLMH MHQDþLQ QDNRML RYL WRNRYL
SRVWDMX SUREOHPDWLND YH]DQD ]D RVQRYQX
VRFLRORãNX VOLNX GUXãWYD NDR REMHGLQMHQ L
NRKHUHQWDQ VNORS VWUXNWXUD L SUDNVH NRMLPD
UXNRYRGLVXYHUHQDQDFLRQDOQDGUåDYD³ 3

2
8 %HFN âWR MH JOREDOL]DFLMD, =DJUHE Ä9L]XUD -
%LEOLRWHND1RYL3RUHGDN³VWU
3
. 1Hã 6DYUHPHQD SROLWLþND VRFLRORJLMD
JOREDOL]DFLMD SROLWLND L PRü, %HRJUDG Ä6OXåEHQL
JODVQLN³VWU
16
 (QWRQL *LGHQV LVWLþH GD VH WHUPLQ
globalizacija NRULVWL NDR R]QDND ]D UD]OLþLWH
REOLNHLQWHJUDFLMDLPHÿX]DYLVQRVWL
*LGHQVVPDWUD GDVHJOREDOL]DFLMD ÄPRåH
GHILQLVDWL NDR LQWHQ]LILNDFLMD GUXãWYHQLK
RGQRVD³ QDVYMHWVNRPSRGUXþMXLQWHQ]LILNDFLMD
NRMDSRYH]XMHXGDOMHQDPMHVWDWDNRGDÄORNDOQD
]ELYDQMD XREOLþDYDMX GRJDÿDML NRML VX VH
RGLJUDOL NLORPHWULPD GDOHNR L vice versa³
GRYRUHüLRPRJXüLPUL]LFLPD*LGHQVNDåHGD
QDP ÄJOREDOQD SHUVSHNWLYD RWNULYD þLQMHQLFX
GD VYH MDþH YH]H VD RVWDWNRP VYLMHWD ]QDþH GD
QDãL SRVWXSFL LPDMX SRVOHGLFX SR GUXJH D GD
VYHWVNLSUREOHPLLPDMXSRVOHGLFHSRQDVVDPH
*OREDOL]DFLMDVHRGQRVLQDþLQMHQLFXGDVYLVYH
YLãH åLYLPR X CMHGQRP VYHWXC WDNR GD
SRMHGLQFL JUXSH L QDFLMH SRVWDMX VYH YLãH
PHÿXVREQR ]DYLVQL³ *OREDOL]DFLMD ÄVH QH WLþH
VDPRRQRJDãWRVHQDOD]LCWDPRQHJGHCGDOHNR
RGSRMHGLQFD³MHUVHRQDÄGRWLþHLRQRJDãWRMH
CRYGHC XWLþH QD LQWLPQH L OLþQH YLGRYH QDãLK
åLYRWD 1D SULPHU UDVSUDYD R SRURGLþQLP
YUHGQRVWLPD NRMD VH RGYLMD X PQRJLP
]HPOMDPD QDL]JOHG MH L]YDQ XWLFDMD
JOREDOL]DFLMH $OL QLMH 7UDGLFLRQDOQL SRURGLþQL
VLVWHPL VH WUDQVIRUPLãX LOL VX X NUL]L X
PQRJLPGHORYLPDVYHWDQDURþLWRXVOHG]DKWHYD
åHQD ]D YHüRP MHGQDNRãüX .ROLNR QDP MH
SR]QDWRL]SLVDQHLVWRULMHQLNDGDQLMHSRVWRMDOR
GUXãWYRXNRMHPVXåHQHELOHSULEOLåQRMHGQDNH
PXãNDUFLPD 7R SUHGVWDYOMD LVWLQVNX JOREDOQX
UHYROXFLMX X VYDNRGQHYQRP åLYRWX þLMH
17
SRVOHGLFH VH RVHüDMX VYXGD X VYHWX X VYLP
REODVWLPDRGUDGDGRSROLWLNH³ 4
'DNOH JOREDOL]DFLMD MH VQDåDQ SURFHV
LQWHQ]LILNDFLMH GUXãWYHQLK RGQRVD WH VQDåQLK
LQWHJUDFLMD L PHÿX]DYLVQRVWL NRMH XEU]DQR
PLMHQMDMXWHGUXãWYHQHRGQRVH
3UHPD 6DQWRVRYRP PLãOMHQMX SUDYLOQLMH
MH JRYRULWL R globalizacijama QHJR R
globalizaciji
6DQWRV LVWLþH GD JOREDOL]DFLMX þLQH
ÄVNXSRYL GUXãWYHQLK RGQRVD D L] UD]OLþLWLK
VNXSRYD GUXãWYHQLK RGQRVD QDVWDMX UD]OLþLWL
IHQRPHQL JOREDOL]DFLMH 7R ]QDþL GD VWURJR
JRYRUHüL QH SRVWRML VDPR MHGDQ HQWLWHW NRML VH
]RYH JOREDOL]DFLMD YHü SRVWRMH JOREDOL]DFLMH
WDþQLMH UHþHQR WDM WHUPLQ EL XYHN WUHEDOR
NRULVWLWL X PQRåLQL 6YDNL GUXJL ãLUL SRMDP
WUHEDOR EL GD VH RGQRVL QD SURFHV D QH QD
VXãWLQX³ *OREDOL]DFLMH VH RGQRVH QD VNXSRYH
GUXãWYHQLK RGQRVD NDR L  ÄVXNREH³ RGQRVQR
RQH SRGUD]XPLMHYDMX ÄSREHGQLNH L SREHÿHQH³
WRMH ÄVNXSGUXãWYHQLKRGQRVDNRMLLQWHQ]LYLUDMX
WUDQVQDFLRQDOQH LQWHUDNFLMH ELOR GD MH UHþ R
WUDQVQDFLRQDOQRM PHÿXGUåDYQRM NDSLWDOLVWLþNRM
LOL GUXãWYHQRM L NXOWXUQRM SUDNVL³ GYLMH VX
JOREDOL]DFLMH- globalizacija niskog intenziteta L

4
( *LGHQV 3RVOHGLFH PRGHUQRVWL, %HRJUDG Ä)LOLS
9LãQMLü³VWU -(*LGHQV6RFLRORJLMD,
%HRJUDG Ä(NRQRPVNL IDNXOWHW³  VWU   (
*LGHQV 2GEHJOL VYHW NDNR JOREDOL]DFLMD SUHREOLNXMH
QDãH åLYRWH, %HRJUDG Ä6WXERYL NXOWXUH³  VWU-

18
globalizacija visokog intenziteta. 3UYD W]Y
globalizacija niskog intenziteta VH RGQRVL QD
SURãLUHQMH JOREDOL]DFLMH X VPLVOX GD VX
ÄGRQHNOH SULODJRÿHQL RGQRVL L]PHÿX ORNDOQLK
X]URND XQXWUDãQMLKLVSHFLILþQLK LPHÿXVREQR
XGDOMHQLK X]URND ]DMHGQLþNLK L
WUDQVQDFLRQDOQLK ³ GUXJD globalizacija
visokog intenziteta VH RGQRVL QD GRPLQDFLMX
JOREDOQLK LQVWLWXFLMD PRüL NDR ãWR VX
0HÿXQDURGQLPRQHWDUQLIRQG6YMHWVNDEDQND L
GUXJH LQVWLWXFLMH NRMH SULQXÿDYDMX GUåDYH GD
L]JUDÿXMX SUDYRVXÿH SUHNR NRMHJ EL X
QHUD]YLMHQLP ]DPOMDPD VWYRULOH SUHWSRVWDYNH
NRMH ]DKWLMHYD WUåLãWH , Ä]D UD]OLNX RG
SUHWKRGQRJ WDM SURFHV MH YHRPD EU] L
LQWHQ]LYDQ SRGVWDNQXW GRPLQDQWQLP VSROMQLP
þLQLRFLPD NRML VX MDVQR GHILQLVDQL L ODNR
VYRGOMLYL QD JOREDOQX KHJHPRQLVWLþNX SROLWLNX
]DLQWHUHVRYDQX ]D LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DFLMX QD
JOREDOQRP QLYRX NRMD RODNãDYD RJUDQLþHQR
ãLUHQMHJOREDOQRJNDSLWDOL]PD³ 
6D VWDMDOLãWD WHPH NRMX HODERULUDPR
]QDþDMQR MH SRPHQXWL L PLãOMHQMH -DQ $UWD
âROWHD
âROWH LVWLþH GD WUHED UD]OLNRYDWL SHW
VKYDWDQMD JOREDOL]DFLMH
x LQWHUQDFLRQDOL]DFLMX – NRMD VH
RGQRVL QD  SUHNRJUDQLþQH RGQRVH


% 'H 6R]D 6DQWRV 3URFHVL JOREDOL]DFLMH, Ä5Hþ³ EU
GHFHPEUDVWU-
19
 ]HPDOMD UD]PMHQH L
PHÿX]DYLVQRVWL
x OLEHUDOL]DFLMX– NRMDVHRGQRVLQD
XNLGDQMH GUåDYQLK RJUDQLþHQMD QD
SRGUXþMX VYMHWVNH SULYUHGH L
XVSRVWDYOMDQMD LQWHJUDWLYQLK
HNRQRPVNLKRGQRVD
x XQLYHU]DOL]DFLMX – NRMD VH RGQRVL
QDSRYH]LYDQMHNXOWXUD
x YHVWHUQL]DFLMX – X VPLVOX
ÄSR]DSDGQMDþHQMD³ LOL
ÄDPHULNDQL]DFLMH³ ORNDOQLK
VUHGLQD]DMHGQLFDLVYLMHWDL
x UHVSXFLMDOL]DFLMX - RGQRVQR
UHRUJDQL]DFLMX SURVWRUD X RNYLUX
þHJDVHUD]YLMDMXÄWUDQVSODQHWDUQH
YH]HPHÿXOMXGLPD³ 
0RJDRMHâROWHXQHNHRGQDYHGHQLKLOL
QRYLK VKYDWDQMD XNOMXþLWL IHQRPHQH NRML VX
]QDþDMQL]DJOREDOL]DFLMXLQDNRMHJOREDOL]DFLMD
XWLþH NDR ãWR VX SLWDQMH LGHQWLWHWD UHOLJLMH
WHURUL]PD HNRORãNLK SUREOHPD ]GUDYOMD L
EROHVWL
%H]RE]LUDQDWRãWRQHPD DPRåGDMHL
GREUR ãWR MH QHPD  XMHGQDþHQH GHILQLFLMH
JOREDOL]DFLMH QDYHãüHPR MHGQR SULKYDWOMLYR
JOHGLãWH SUHPD NRMHP JOREDOL]DFLMD SUHGVWDYOMD
SRVOMHGLFXUD]YRMDModerne


- $ âROWH *OREDOL]DFLMD NULWLþNL XYRG 3RGJRULFD
Ä&,'³VWU-
20
 *OREDOL]DFLMD MH ÄRVQRYQR RELOMHåMH
VDYUHPHQH HSRKH L MHGQD RG QDMYLGOMLYLMLK
SRVOMHGLFD PRGHUQH³ JOREDOL]DFLMD SUHGVWDYOMD
ÄVNXSSRYH]DQLKSURFHVDNRMLSRGUD]XPLMHYDMX
ãLUHQMH HNRQRPVNLK GUXãWYHQLK NXOWXUQLK L
SROLWLþNLK DNWLYQRVWL NRMH SRYH]XMX³ GUXãWYD L
GUåDYH X RNYLUX VYMHWVNH ]DMHGQLFH D ãWR ]D
ÄSRVOMHGLFX LPD LQWHQ]LYLUDQMH QMLKRYH
PHÿX]DYLVQRVWL³ ,QWHJUDFLMD REXKYDWD GREUD
UDGQX VQDJX L NDSLWDO VLURYLQH FHQWUH
RGOXþLYDQMD NDR L VUHGVWYD PDWHULMDOQH
LQIUDVWUXNWXUD L VDREUDüDM  L VLPEROLþNH
NRPXQLNDFLMH NRMD X VHEH XNOMXþXMH
LQIRUPDFLMH]QDQMH VLPEROHVOLNH 
'DNOH SRVWRMH EURMQD RGUHÿHQMD SRMPD
globalizacije WDNR GD PRåHPR UHüL GD QHPD
þYUVWRJ NRQVHQ]XVD MHU VH JOREDOL]DFLMD
RGUHÿXMHQDUD]OLþLWHQDþLQHXSUDYR]DWRãWRMHL
VDP GUXãWYHQL åLYRW YHRPD NRPSOHNVDQ L QLMH
JD PRJXüH VYHVWL QD MHGQRVWDYQH DNDGHPVNH
GHILQLFLMH
8 WHULWRULMDOQRP SURVWRUQRP NDR L
YUHPHQVNRP VPLVOX PRGHUQD JOREDOL]DFLMD
SRGUD]XPLMHYD  GHWHULWRULMDOL]DFLMX VYLMHWD
RGQRVQR RQD SRGUD]XPLMHYD VYRMHYUVQR
„VPDQMLYDQMH VYLMHWD³ 7R ÄVPDQMLYDQMH


$ 0DUWLQHOL 0RGHUQL]DP SURFHV PRGHUQL]DFLMH,
3RGJRULFDÄ&,'³VWU
21
VYLMHWD³ LVWRYUHPHQR LPSOLFLUD L ÄMDþDQMH
VYLMHVWLRVYLMHWXNDRFMHOLQL³ 8
.DGD MH X SLWDQMX prostornost WUHED
QDSRPHQXWL GD OMXGL QLVX XYLMHN LPDOL LVWL
RVMHüDM R QHNDNYRM QMHJRYRM GDWRVWL
NRQVWDQWQRVWL LÄãLULQL³
ýDUOV 9RNHU MH GREUR SULPLMHWLR GD MH
SRMDP SURVWRUD X Moderni YHüL ãWR MH VDVYLP
ELORQH]DPLVOLYROMXGLPDUDQLMHJSHULRGD 9
,DNR MH WDM SRMDP SURVWRUD ELR YHüL X
Moderni XRGQRVXQDYULMHPHSULMHQMHLSDNVH
JOREDOQD SURVWRUQRVW ]DKYDOMXMXüL JOREDOQLP
VUHGVWYLPD LQIRUPDFLMD L NRPXQLNDFLMD
VDREUDüDMX L ,QWHUQHWX VXEMHNWLYQR QH
GRåLYOMDYD NDR QHãWR YHOLNR 3HUFHSFLMD
SURVWRUDMHÄXPDQMHQD³DLVYLMHWVHÄVPDQMLR³
8 HNRQRPVNRP SRJOHGX QHROLEHUDOQR
XWHPHOMHQD L RULMHQWLVDQD JOREDOL]DFLMD MH
ÄLQVWUXPHQW VYH EUåHJ VWYDUDQMD VYH YHüHJ
HNRQRPVNRJ ERJDWVWYD VYHWD 6YHW SRVWDMH
ERJDWLML QHJR ãWR VX QDãL SUHFL L X
QDMQHREX]GDQLMHP X]OHWX PDãWH PRJOL GD
]DPLVOH *HQHUDFLMD PODGLK QD =DSDGX GDQDV
WURãL  SXWD YLãH RG VYRMLK URGLWHOMD JOREDOQL
SULKRG ]D VDPR  JRGLQD – 

8
5 5REHUWVRQ *OREDOL]DFLMD NDR SUREOHP, X
*OREDOL]DFLMD 3ULUHGLR $ 0LODUGRYLü  2VLMHN-
=DJUHE-6SOLWÄ3DQOLEHU³VWU
9
& 5 :DONHU 0RGHUQD WHKQRORJLMD L FLYLOL]DFLMD
XYRG X OMXGVNH SUREOHPH X GRED VWURMHYD  =DJUHE
³1DSULMHG´VWU
22
XYHüDR VH ]D  3URILW WUDQVQDFLRQDOQLK
NRUSRUDFLMDSRUDVWDRMH]D³ 10
(NRQRPVNLSRVPDWUDQRJOREDOL]DFLMDMH
SURFHV UD]YRMD NDSLWDOLVWLþNH SURL]YRGQMH
JOREDOQRJWUåLãWDVORERGQLMHJ NUHWDQMDNDSLWDOD
URED L XVOXJD WH SRUDVWD WUDQVQDFLRQDOQLK
NRUSRUDFLMD NRMH RVWYDUXMX GRPLQDFLMX QDG
GUåDYQLPLQDFLRQDOQLPHNRQRPLMDPD
8 SROLWLþNRP VPLVOX JOREDOL]DFLMD VH
RGUHÿXMH NDR GUXãWYHQD SRMDYD VODEOMHQMD PRüL
QDFLRQDOQLKGUåDYDHUR]LMHQDFLRQDOQHGUåDYHL
HUR]LMH QDFLRQDOQHVXYHUHQRVWLSRUDVWDYODGLQLK
L QHYODGLQLK RUJDQL]DFLMD QD ORNDOQRP L
JOREDOQRPQLRYX
1D SRGUXþMX NXOWXUH JOREDOL]DFLMD
UD]QRYUVQRVW NXOWXUD XQLILNXMH L QDPHüH
GRPLQDQWQL NXOWXUQL REUD]DF =DSDGD GUXJLP
GUXãWYHQLP ]DMHGQLFDPD 1D WDM QDþLQ VH
NXOWXUQD UD]QRYUVQRVW SUHWYDUD X NXOWXUQL
LPSHULMDOL]DP ãWR QHNH WHRUHWLþDUH QDYRGL QD
SRPLVDRGDLVWDNQXGDWDNYDSUDNVDGRYRGLGR
QHPLQRYQRJÄVXNREDFLYOL]DFLMD³
0HÿXWLP QHROLEHUDOQD KHJHPRQLMD
QHRHNVSORDWRUVND L QHRLPSHULMDOQD PRü VH QH
RGQRVH VDPR QD L]YR] ILOPRYD PX]LNH
þDVRSLVD QHJR L QD UD]OLþLWH SRVORYH
LQYHVWLUDQMD WH L]JUDGQMX SURGDMQLK SURVWRUD
10
0 3HþXMOLü *OREDOL]DFLMD - GYD OLND VYHWD X
$VSHNWL JOREDOL]DFLMH 3ULUHGLOL 9ODGLPLU 3DYLüHYLü
9ODGLPLU 3HWURYLü ,YDQD 3DQWHOLü 0LODQ 6LWDUVNL
*RUDQ 0LORYDQRYLü  %HRJUDG Ä%HRJUDGVND RWYRUHQD
ãNROD'RVLMH³VWU
23
SRGUXåQLFD L DJHQFLMD RUJDQL]RYDQMH ÄPUHåH
ORNDOQLKDJHQDWD³LQMLKRYHNUHGLWQHLUHNODPQH
DJHQFLMH ÄNDR VMHGLãWD WUDQVQDFLRQDOQLK
NRUSRUDFLMD³ NRMH NRQWUROLãX SULKRGH SRPRüX
UD]QLK VRILVWLILFLUDQLK WHKQLND 8] SRPRü
REXND YRMVNH L SROLFLMH NDR L X] ãNRORYDQMH
SULSDGQLND HOLWH QHNH ]HPOMH XþYUãüXMH VH
]DYLVQRVW DOL L ãLUL LGHRORãNL KHJHPRQLMVNL
XWLFDM 11
(NRORãNL SRVPDWUDQR XWHPHOMHQ QD
SURILWDELOL]PX PHUNDQWLOL]PX L WUåLãQRP
IXQGDPHQWDOL]PX QHROLEHUDOL]DP GHJUDGLUD L
GHYDVWLUD SULURGX UD]DUD HNRVLVWHPH XQLãWDYD
ELRGLYHU]LWHWSURL]YRGLEURMQHUL]LNHHNRORãNH
SUREOHPHLHNRORãNXNUL]X
3UL SRYUãQRP SRVPDWUDQMX VWYDUL PRåH
L]JOHGDWLGDMHGLVNXUV R]QDþDMXELRGLYHU]LWHWD
QHNDNRVXYLãDQ0HÿXWLPQLMHWDNR
%LRGLYHU]LWHW MH L]X]HWQR ]QDþDMDQ
Ä*XELWDN VDPR MHGQH YUVWH LQVHNDWD PRåGD
QHüHELWLSULPHüHQLþLQLVHGDQHPDHNRQRPVNL
XWLFDM $OL VYDND YUVWD PRåH LPDWL VXãWLQVNX
IDUPDFHXWVNX LOL PHGLFLQVNX YUHGQRVW D
SRVWRMDQMH PQRJLK YUVWD NXPXODWLYQR SRGVWLþH
NUXFLMDOQX REQRYOMLYRVW HNRVLVWHPD *RGLQH
 MH RWNULYHQR GD MHGLQMHQMH GRELMHQR RG
JUDQD L OLãüD MHGQRJ GUYHWD L] PDOH]LMVNH
SUDãXPH VSUHþDYD ãLUHQMH MHGQRJ GR GYD WLSD

11
(6+HUPDQ590HNþHVQL*OREDOQLPHGLML1RYL
PLVLRQDUL NRUSRUDWLYQRJ NDSLWDOL]PD %HRJUDG
Ä&/,2³VWU
24
YLUXVD +,9 NRML L]D]LYD VLGX $ NDG VX VH
LVWUDåLYDþLYUDWLOLSRMRãX]RUDNDRWNULOLVXGDMH
VYH GUYHüH SRVHþHQR L GD QL MHGQD GUXJD YUVWD
GUYHüD X RNROLQL QH VDGUåL WDM NUXFLMDOQL
VDVWRMDN 2VLP PRJXüLK PHGLFLQVNLK L
NRPHUFLMDOQLK JXELWDND JXELWDN VDPR MHGQH
åLYHYUVWHPRåHL]PHQLWLUDYQRWHåXHNRVLVWHPD
L L]D]YDWL GRPLQR-HIHNDW SR GUXJH YUVWH L
REQRYOMLYRVW HNRVLVWHPD 1DãH ]QDQMH R
VYHWVNRP ELRGLYHU]LWHWX L RELPX JXELWDND
ELRGLYHU]LWHWDMHRJUDQLþHQR³ 12
,QWHUQDFLRQDOL]DFLMRP LQIRUPDFLRQLK L
NRPXQLNDFLRQLK VUHGVWDYD VDREUDüDMD WUåLãWD
UDGD NDSLWDOD L WHKQRORJLMH HNRORãNL SUREOHPL
VXSRVWDOLXQLYHU]DOQLRGQRVQRRQLVX]DGRELOL
XQLYHU]DOQL JOREDOQL NDUDNWHU L XQLYHU]DOQR
JOREDOQR]QDþHQMHLRELOMHåMH
(NRORãNL SUREOHPL VX GRELOL QD ]QDþDMX
MHUVHÄSURYODþHLVSRGJUDQLFD³=DWRVXYHRPD
RSDVQL VD SURFHVLPD JOREDOL]DFLMH RQL
]DGRELMDYX JOREDOQR RELOMHåMH 8QLYHU]DOQRVW L
JOREDOQRVW HNRORãNLK RSDVQRVWL MH HYLGHQWQD
]ERJ WRJD ãWR VH RGQRVL QD LQGXVWULMVNX
SURL]YRGQMXþLMHVHSRVOMHGLFHPRJXRVMHWLWLQD
UD]OLþLWLPPMHVWLPDLSRWSXQRGDOHNRRGVDPRJ
PMHVWD SURL]YRGQMH 2WURYQL JDVRYL
NRQFHQWUDFLMH RORYD SUDãLQD WHãNLK PHWDOD L
NRQWDPLQLUDQLK SOLQRYD GRSLUX L GR þLVWLK L

12
-0+DUULV(NRQRPLMDåLYRWQHVUHGLQHLSULURGQLK
UHVXUVD VDYUHPHQL SULVWXS, %HRJUDG  ³'DWDVWDWXV´
VWU-
25
QHLQGXVWULMDOL]RYDQLKSRGUXþMD2QLQHSR]QDMX
JUDQLþQH FDULQH L EDULMHUH .LVHOLQD X YD]GXKX
QDJUL]DãXPHSDãQMDNHVNXOSWXUHLXPMHWQLþND
GMHOD L X VUHGLQDPD NRMH QHPDMX LQGXVWULMVNH L
KHPLMVNH ]DJDÿLYDþH 8 .DQDGL VX MH]HUD
NLVHOD D ãXPH XPLUX L QHVWDMX QD UXERYLPD
6NDQGLQDYLMH LDNR VH WD SRGUXþMD QH QDOD]H X
EOL]LQLLQGXVWULMVNLKSRVWURMHQMD 13
2YL NDR L GUXJL EURMQL SULPMHUL MDVQR
SRND]XMX GD UL]LFL SURL]YHGHQL QD ORNDOQRP
SRGUXþMX PRJX GD ]DGRELMX JOREDOQL NDUDNWHU
=DWR VH globalizacija PRåH RGUHGLWL L NDR
glokalizacija NDR SRYH]DQRVW globalnog L
lokalnog RGQRVQR NDR SURFHV ÄSURVWRUQRJ
]JXãQMDYDQMD³ L PDQLIHVWRYDQMD HNRORãNLK L
GUXJLK SUREOHPD 7DNRÿH NDR ãWR VPR L
SRPHQXOL JOREDOL]DFLMD VH PRåH VKYDWLWL L NDR
YUHPHQVNR VPDQMLYDQMH L NRQGHQ]RYDQMH
]DKYDOMXMXüL UD]OLþLWLP WHKQRORãNLP VUHGVWYLPD
NRPXQLNDFLMH L VDREUDüDMD ,VWRYUHPHQR WR MH
SURFHV LQWHQ]LYLUDQMD GUXãWYHQLK YH]D L
LQWHJUDWLYQRJ SRYH]LYDQMD UD]QLK XGDOMHQLK
PMHVWD 2VLP WRJD X SURVWRUX JOREDOL]DFLMH
GRJDÿDMLQD MHGQRPPMHVWXPRJXELWLX]URNRP
LOL SRVOMHGLFRP GRJDÿDMD QD GUXJRP PMHVWX
NRMH VH XRSãWH QH PRUD QDOD]LWL X PHÿXVREQRM
EOL]LQL
*OREDOL]DFLMD SRVWDMH SURFHVRP
VWYDUDQMD ÄVYMHWVNRJ GUXãWYD³ DOL WDNR ãWR X

13
8 %HN 5L]LþQR GUXãWYR X VXVUHW QRYRM PRGHUQL,
%HRJUDGÄ)LOLS9LãQMLü³VWU
26
VDYUHPHQRP GREX VH VYH YLãH UD]YLMDMX UL]LFL
NRML VYH YLãH ]DGRELYDMX QRYH GLPHQ]LMH WDNR
GDVHVYLMHWNUHüHRGÄLQGXVWULMVNRJGUXãWYD³ND
RSDVQRP ÄVYMHWVNRP GUXãWYX UL]LND³ L
ÄVYMHWVNRPUL]LþQRPGUXãWYX³ %HN 
'åRQ 5DOVWRQ 6RO LVWLþH GD VH
JOREDOL]DFLMD ÄQDL]JOHG L QLRWNXGD SRMDYLOD³ L
GD VX QMHQL ]DJRYRUQLFL WYUGLOL GD üH RQD
NUHQXWL QHL]EMHåQLP SR]LWLYQLP VPMHURP $OL
XEU]R VH SRND]DOR GD MH RQD VRERP GRQLMHOD
QHXVSMHKH L WDNYH SRVOMHGLFH ÄNRMH VH QDMEROMH
PRJXGHILQLVDWLNDRåLYHUDQH³ 14
7HJOREDOL]DFLMVNHSRVOMHGLFHVXQHVDPR
HNRQRPVNRJ LOL VRFLMDOQRJ SROLWLþNRJ L
JHRSROLWLþNRJQHJRVXLNXOWXUQRJNDUDNWHUDMHU
MH QHROLEHUDOQR GHWHUPLQLUDQD JOREDOL]DFLMD
SURVWRU ãLUHQMD L RVWYDUHQMD NDSLWDOLVWLþNH
GRPLQDFLMH L YODGDYLQH  PRüQLK GUåDYD L
QMLKRYLK LQVWLWXFLMD PRüL QD VYLP SRGUXþMLPD
GUXãWYHQRJåLYRWD

Odnos prema globalizaciji

3RMDPJOREDOL]DFLMHVHGRYRGLX UD]OLþLWH
GUXãWYHQH UHODFLMH L RGQRVH =DWR MH L RGQRV
SUHPD JOREDOL]DFLML UD]OLþLW =D MHGQH MH

14
'å 5 6RO 3URSDVW JOREDOL]PD L SUHREOLNRYDQMH
VYHWD, %HRJUDGÄ$UKLSHODJ³VWU
27
JOREDOL]DFLMDVDVYLPSR]LWLYDQSURFHV]DGUXJH
VDVYLPQHJDWLYDQD]DWUHüHRQMHLSR]LWLYDQL
QHJDWLYDQ
5D]OLþLWH SULVWXSH L RGQRVH SUHPD
JOREDOL]DFLML NDR YHRPD ]QDþDMQRM GUXãWYHQRM
SRMDYL QDYRGL'HMYLG+HOG
+HOG JRYRUL R ÄWULMDGQRM³ SRGMHOL L
SULVWXSLPD – hiperglobalistima skepticima L
transformacionistima
6NHSWLFLLVWLþXGDVHQHPRåHJRYRULWLR
JOREDOL]DFLML YHü LVNOMXþLYR R UHJLRQDOL]DFLML L
LQWHUQDFLRQDOL]DFLML X RYLP SURFHVLPD PRü
GUåDYD QLMH XNLQXWD LOL XPDQMHQD QHJR MH L
SRYHüDQD VNHSWLFL VPDWUDMX GD UHDOQX PRü MRã
XYLMHN LPDMX GUåDYH XPMHVWR LQWHJUDFLMD QD
VFHQL MH IUDJPHQWDFLMD VYLMHWD NRMD MH SURåHWD
NRQIOLNWLPD L VXNRELPD GUåDYH L YODGH D QH
WUDQVGUåDYQL VXEMHNWL UHJXOLãX HNRQRPVNH L
SURL]YRGQH RGQRVH L DNWLYQRVWL þLPH VH
SRND]XMH GD MH VYMHWVND HNRQRPLMD PDQMH
LQWHJULVDQLMD QHJR ãWR VH WR SULND]XMH
JOREDOLVWL RGQRVQR KLSHUJOREDOLVWL GHFLGQR
VPDWUDMX GD MH ULMHþ R JOREDOL]DFLMVNLP
SURFHVLPDLJOREDOL]DFLMLRQLJRYRUHRWRPHGD
HNRQRPLMH GUåDYD X VQDåQLP JOREDOL]DFLMVNLP
SURFHVLPD SRVWDMX QHRGUåLYH V RE]LURP GD
HNRQRPVND JOREDOL]DFLMD SURGXNXMH L JHQHULUD
WUDQVQDFLRQDOQX PUHåX SURL]YRGQMH ILQDQVLMD
WUJRYLQH L XVOXJD PUHåX NRMD X SRWSXQRVWL
ÄGHQDFLRQDOL]XMH³ HNRQRPLMX þLPH VH X GUXJL
SODQ VWDYOMD GUåDYD 1D WDM QDþLQ JOREDOLVWL
JRYRUH R SRWSXQRM HUR]LML GUåDYQH VXYHUHQRVWL
28
MHU JOREDOL]DFLMD L WUDQVQDFLRQDOQR
RUJDQL]RYDQMH WUDQVFHQGLUDMX  QDFLRQDOQH
HNRQRPLMH GUåDYH L NXOWXUH L ]DWR VH PRåH
JRYRULWL R JOREDOQRM NXOWXUL L NXOWXUQRM
KLEULGL]DFLML 1D GUXJRM VWUDQL VNHSWLFL JRYRUH
R QDFLRQDOQRP LGHQWLWHWX D XSR]RUDYDMX L QD
UDVWXüX GLIHUHQFLMDFLMX L]PHÿX 6MHYHUD L -XJD
VNHSWLFL JRYRUH R QRYRP LPSHULMDOL]PX X
RNYLUX UHJLRQDOL]DFLMHL]DODåX]DPHÿXQDURGQR
GUXãWYR GUåDYD D QH ]D QDVWDQDN JOREDOQH
YODGH JOREDOQRJ FLYLOQRJ GUXãWYD L JOREDOQH
SROLWLNH R þHPX JRYRUH JOREDOLVWL ]D NRMH MH
QHROLEHUDOQD JOREDOL]DFLMD PRJXüD VDPR X]
XVORYSRVWRMDQMDUHJXODFLMHLXNLGDQMDGUåDYQLK
RJUDQLþHQMDNRMLNRþHUD]YRMNUHWDQMDNDSLWDODL
XVOXJD JOREDOLVWL JRYRUH R JOREDOQRP L YHü
VDGD YHRPD L]UDåHQRP LQIRUPDFLRQRP
NDSLWDOL]PX WUDQVQDFLRQDOQRM HNRQRPLML L
SRGMHOL UDGD WH UDVWXüRM HNRQRPVNRM L
VRFLMDOQRM QHMHGQDNRVWL XQXWDU L L]PHÿX
GUXãWDYDLVWLþXüLLSRVWRMDQMHVWDULKKLMHUDUKLMD
1D NUDMX SRVWRMH L transformacionisti NRML
VPDWUDMXGD MHJOREDOL]DFLMDQHL]EMHåDQSURFHV
DOL SURFHV NRMHP VH GUXãWYD L GUåDYH PRUDMX
SULODJRÿDYDWL JOREDOL]DFLMD UHNRQVWUXLãH DOL L
VWYDUD PRü L DXWRULWHW QDFLRQDOQLK YODGD WR MH
SURFHV ãLUHQMD MXULVGLNFLMD PHÿXQDURGQH YODVWL
NRMD WMHUD GUåDYH GD SULKYDWDMX REDYH]H NRMH
SUHX]LPDMXL]PHÿXQDURGQLK]DNRQD QSU(8 
8ORJD GUåDYD VH SRG SULWLVNRP JOREDOL]DFLMH
PLMHQMD– RQHQHJXEHVXYHUHQRVWRQHSRVWDMX

29
DNWLYQLMHMHUVYRMHDNWLYQRVWLPRUDMXSULODJRGLWL
SURFHVLPDJOREDOL]DFLMH 
(QWRQL *LGHQV JRYRUL R VNHSWLþNRM L
radikalnoj RULMHQWDFLML
3UHPD PLãOMHQMX VNHSWLND ÄþLWDYD SULþD
RJOREDOL]DFLMLMHVWHVDPRWR– SULþD³$NDNYH
JRGNRULVWLGRQRVLODLSDNVHVPDWUDMXVNHSWLFL
JOREDOQDHNRQRPLMDPQRJRQHUD]OLNXMHRGRQH
UDQLMHMHUYHüLQD]HPDOMDVWLþHVDPRPDOLGLRRG
VSROMQH WUJRYLQH - YHOLNL GLR UD]PMHQH VH
REDYOMD L]PHÿX UHJLRQD D QH QD JOREDOQRP
QLYRX 6 GUXJH VWUDQH UDGLNDOL LVWLþX GD MH
JOREDOL]DFLMD ÄYHRPD UHDOQD³ SRMDYD GD MH
JOREDOQR WUåLãWH PQRJR UD]YLMHQLMH 2QL ÄQH
SULGDMX YDåQRVW GUåDYQLP JUDQLFDPD³ LVWLþXüL
GDVXGUåDYHL]JXELOHHNVNOX]LYQXVXYHUHQRVW D
SROLWLþDUL ÄVSRVREQRVWL GD XWLþX QD GRJDÿDMH³
]D UDGLNDOH MH ÄHUD GUåDYD-QDFLMD³ RNRQþDQD L
GUåDYHVXVXÄSRVWDOHSXNHCILNFLMHC³ 
6QDåQR XWHPHOMHQL QD QHROLEHUDOL]PX
JOREDOL]DFLMVNL SURFHVL SURL]YRGH UD]OLþLWH
SRVOMHGLFH WDNR GD VH PRåH UHüL GD MH RGQRV
SUHPD JOREDOL]DFLML GLKRWRPDQ 9ULMHGQRVQL
WHRULMVNL RGQRV SUHPD JOREDOL]DFLML MH
GLMDPHWUDOQRVXSURWDQ– SR]LWLYDQLOLQHJDWLYDQ


' +HOG 'HEDWH R JOREDOL]DFLML X *OREDOL]DFLMD –
PLW LOL VWYDUQRVW VRFLRORãND KUHVWRPDWLMD, 3ULUHGLR
9ODGLPLU 9XOHWLü  %HRJUDG Ä=DYRG ]D XGåEHQLNH L
QDVWDYQDVUHGVWYD³VWUpass

( *LGHQV 2GEHJOL VYHW NDNR JOREDOL]DFLMD
SUHREOLNXMH QDãH åLYRWH, %HRJUDG Ä6WXERYL NXOWXUH³
VWU
30
=DMHGQH MHJOREDOL]DFLMDpozitivna pojavaGRN
MH]DGUXJHL]UD]LWRnegativna pojava
$SRORJHWH QHROLEHUDOQH JOREDOL]DFLMH
XSUDYR QDVWRMH GD LVWDNQX QMHQH SR]LWLYQH
NDUDNWHULVWLNH *OREDOL]DFLMD MH ]D QMLK
SR]LWLYQD MHU SRYH]XMH RVREH QDURGH GUåDYH
UHJLMHNXOWXUHãLULWUåLãWDUDGDUREDLNDSLWDOD L
GDMH ãDQVX L ERJDWLPD L VLURPDãQLPD GD GREUR
åLYH
*LGHQV MH SR]LWLYQL DVSHNW JOREDOL]DFLMH
LOXVWUDWLYQR SULND]DR QD SULPMHUX –
VXSHUPDUNHWD
3ROLFH VXSHUPDUNHWD XSUDYR SRND]XMX
HIHNWH JOREDOL]DFLMH 3UYR ]DWR ãWR MH
]DKYDOMXMXüL JOREDOL]DFLML L QMHQRP XNODQMDQMX
EDULMHUD SRUDVOD NROLþLQD L UD]QRYUVQRVW
SURL]YRGD NRMH YLÿDPR X VXSHUPDUNHWLPD
'UXJR X VXSHUPDUNHWH VWLåX SURL]YRGL L]
YHOLNRJ EURMD ]HPDOMD 7UHüH GD QLMH ELOR
JOREDOL]DFLMHPQRJLSURL]YRGLVH QHELQLQDãOL
X VXSHUPDUNHWLPD L SRWURãDþLPD EL ELOL
QHSR]QDWL L NRQDþQR SURL]YRGL VH YLãH QH
GLVWULEXLUDMX X MHGQX ]HPOMX YHü X PQRJH
]HPOMH 2QL VH LQWHUQDFLRQDOL]XMX ãWR VH YLGL L
SR WRPH ãWR SURL]YRGQH GHNODUDFLMH ÄSRND]XMX
WX QRYX JHRJUDIVNX UD]QROLNRVW XSXWVWYD ]D
XSRWUHEX SURL]YRGD L QMHJRYL VDVWRMFL þHVWR VH
ãWDPSDMX QD PQRJLP MH]LFLPD NDNR EL ELOL

31
SULVWXSDþQL SRWURãDþLPD X YHOLNRP EURMX
]HPDOMD 
*RWRYR QDMMHGQRVWDYQLML L QDMODNãL
NRQWDNW RVRED VD JOREDOL]DFLMRP XSUDYR MH
HYLGHQWDQLWUDQVSDUHQWDQSUHNRVXSHUPDUNHWDL
PHJDPDUNHWD NRML QD MHGQRP PMHVWX LPDMX
SURL]YRGH L] UD]OLþLWLK EOLåLK DOL L YHRPD
GDOHNLKJHRJUDIVNLKVUHGLQD
âYHGVNL QRYLQDU 7RPDV /DUVRQ RSLVXMH
NDNR JOREDOL]DFLMD X $]LML ]DSRãOMDYD UDGQX
VQDJX RWNODQMD VLURPDãWYR L SRYHüDYD åLYRWQL
VWDQGDUG ³1LVDP ]ERJ ERUEH SHWORYD GRãDR X
1DYDQNRUQ LQGXVWULMVNR SUHGJUDÿH %DQJNRND
2GYRMLR VDP MHGQR SRSRGQH L XPHVWR GD
SULVXVWYXMHP VHGQLFL 81&7$'$ RWLãDR VDP
GD XWYUGLP NDNR JOREDOL]DFLMD L]JOHGD L]EOL]D
)DUPD SLOLüD L NRFNDUQLFD QDOD]H VH VH RGPDK
SRUHG /XVHQW IDEULNH NRMD SURL]YRGL
PLNURHOHNWURQVNH NRPSRQHQWH 3RVDR VH
REDYOMD X þHWYUWDVWLP ]JUDGDPD NRMH OLþH QD
RJURPQH NRFNH ãHüHUD 1D XOD]X MH ROWDU
SRVYHüHQ %UDPL VD åXWLP YHQFLPD L PDOLP
GUYHQLP VORQRYLPD 8QXWDU VH QDOD]H KLOMDGH
WDMODQGVNLK UDGQLND ¶.DG VX SRþLQMDOL UDGQLFL
VX GROD]LOL SHãNH QD SRVDR 2QGD VX NXSLOL
PRWRFLNOH 6DGD YR]H NROD¶ NDåH þXYDU QD
NDSLML ¶6YDNR åHOL RYGH GD VH ]DSRVOL DOL WR
QLMH ODNR¶ 3R SRYUDWNX ãHWDR VDP L NUR]
LQGXVWULMVNX ]RQX 6PHQD VH ]DYUãLOD +LOMDGH


( *LGHQV 6RFLRORJLMD, %HRJUDG Ä(NRQRPVNL
IDNXOWHW³VWU
32
åHQD X LQRVWUDQLP IDEULNDPD HOHNWURQVNLK
XUHÿDMD XJODYQRP UDGH åHQH  L]OD]LOR MH NUR]
IDEULþNH NDSLMH 3UROD]LR VDP SRUHG UHVWRUDQD
DSRWHND VDPRXVOXJD MXYHOLUQLFD NURMDþNLK
UDGQMLSURGDYQLFDYLGHR-NDVHWDLUDGQML]DYHã-
PDãLQH³ 18
'DNOH ]DKYDOMXMXüL JOREDOL]DFLMVNRM
GLVSHU]LML WHKQRORJLMH L NDSLWDOD X QHNLP
VUHGLQDPD MH SRGLJQXW QLYR ]DSRVOHQRVWL L
åLYRWQRJVWDQGDUGD
1HROLEHUDOLSRVHEQRKYDOHJOREDOL]DFLMX
7DNR MH QD SULPMHU 3LWHU 6DGHUOHQG NDR
SUHGVMHGDYDMXüL NRUSRUDFLMH BULWLV 3HWUROHXP
LVWDNDRÄ(IHNWLJOREDOL]DFLMHVXL]X]HWQRGREUL
3RWDNQXWD GRVDG QHL]EMHåQRP OLEHUDOL]DFLMRP
VYMHWVNDWUJRYLQDQDVWDYOMDGDVHãLULEUåHQHJR
RSüD JOREDOQD HNRQRPVND SURL]YRGQMD
L]D]LYDMXüL WDODV SURGXNWLYQRVWL L HILNDVQRVWL L
RWYDUDMXüL PLOLRQH QRYLK UDGQLK PMHVWD³ ,
'åRUGå 'HMYLG L]YUãQL GLUHNWRU NRUSRUDFLMH
United Techologies Corporation MH LVWLFDR
Ä0L VH QDOD]LPR X RSWLPLVWLþQRP SHULRGX
QDãHJ VYLMHWD EDULMHUH L]PHÿX GUåDYD VX SDOH
HNRQRPVNL OLEHUDOL]DP RGOXþQR NRUDþD L
GRND]DRVH]GUDYLPWUJRYLQDLXODJDQMHRVMHWQR
UDVWXGLVSDULWHWLXGRKRFLPDPHÿXGUåDYDPDVH

18
- %DJYDWL 8 RGEUDQX JOREDOL]DFLMH, %HRJUDG
³6OXåEHQLJODVQLN´VWU
33
VPDQMXMXDVWYDUDQMHERJDWVWYDMHQDUHNRUGQR
YLVRNRPQLYRX³ 19
7DNR PLVOH QHROLEHUDOL , GRLVWD
JOREDOL]DFLMD PRåH GD RPRJXüL SULVWXS
VDYUHPHQRM WHKQRORJLML GD SRYHåH L LQWHJULãH
QDFLRQDOQH SULYUHGH L HNRQRPLMH L SURãLUL
WUåLãWH GD XQLYHU]XMH NXOWXUQH YULMHGQRVWL L
RVREHQRVWL GD OMXGLPD RPRJXüL GRVWXSQRVW
mass-media LJOREDOQLKHOHNWURQVNLKPHGLMDGD
LP RPRJXüL GD NRULVWH UD]QD VUHGVWYD
VDREUDüDMDLGDSXWXMX GDMHGQRVWDYQRGRÿXGR
RGUHÿHQLK LQIRUPDFLMD L ]QDQMD L WDNR GD
]DGRYROMHVYRMHSRWUHEHLLQWHUHVHLWG
1HRNODVLþQD HNRQRPLMD þDN LVWLþH GD
JOREDOL]DFLMDYLãHNRULVWLVLURPDãQLPGUåDYDPD
.DRÄþLQMHQLFH³ QDYRGLGDüHVRE]LURPGDMH
SURILWQD VWRSD YHüD X VLURPDãQLP QHJR X
ERJDWLP ]HPOMDPD kapital YLãH ÄPLJULUDWL³
XSUDYR SUHPD VLURPDãQLP ]HPOMDPD 'UXJR
]DKYDOMXMXüL JOREDOQLP SURFHVLPD tehnologija
üH ELWL GRVWXSQLMD L VLURPDãQLP ]HPOMDPD NRMH
QHPRUDMXGDL]GYDMDMXYHOLNLQRYDF]DQMLKRYR
RVYDMDQMH , NRQDþQR WUHüL UD]ORJ NRML VH
QDYRGL RGQRVL VH QD LQVWLWXFLMH V RE]LURP GD
VHVYLMHW LQWHJULãHVLURPDãQH]HPOMHGROD]HGR
LQIRUPDFLMD L VD]QDQMD NRMH LQVWLWXFLMH QDMEROMH
IXQNFLRQLãX 20
19
0 % 6WHJHU *OREDOL]DFLMD, 6DUDMHYR ÄâDKLQSDãLü³
VWU
20
%0LODQRYLü%RJDWDãLLVLURPDVLNUDWNDLQHRELþQD
LVWRULMD JOREDOQH QHMHGQDNRVWL %HRJUDG Ä6OXåEHQL
JODVQLN³VWU
34
 1DUDYQR QHROLEHUDOQD JOREDOL]DFLMD
RWYDUD PQRJD UDGQD PMHVWD L SRYHüDYD
]DSRVOHQRVW DOL LVWR WDNR L ]DWYDUD PQRJD
UDGQD PMHVWD SRYHüDYDMXüL QH]DSRVOHQRVW
ELMHGX L VLURPDãWYR 2VLP WRJD QMHQD
HILNDVQRVW RGJRYDUD ERJDWLPD L QMLKRYLP
UD]YLMHQLP L SURGXNWLYQLP WHKQRORJLMDPD L
SURL]YRGQML DOL i QH WROLNR VLURPDãQLPD NRMH
ERJDWL SUHNR UD]QLK HNRQRPVNLK SROLWLþNLK
YRMQLKLGUXJLKPHKDQL]DPDHNVSORDWLãX
7DNR VH SRND]XMH GD VH SRG SRMPRP
globalizacije MHGQRVWDYQR SRGUD]XPLMHYD
SURFHVPHÿX]DYLVQRVWL Lintegracije VDYUHPHQLK
GUXãWDYD
*OREDOL]DFLMVNL SURFHVL VX YHRPD
LQWHQ]LYQL L HNVWHQ]LYQL WDNR GD VYRMRP
EU]LQRPLãLULQRP]DKYDWDMXVYDSRGUXþMDNDNR
OLþQRJ WDNR L GUXãWYHQRJ åLYRWD 1H SRVWRML
GDQDV QL MHGQD GUXãWYHQD SRMDYD D GD VH QH
PRåH GRYHVWL X YH]X VD JOREDOL]DFLMRP
SR]LWLYQRLOLQHJDWLYQR
2QLNRMLRJOREDOL]DFLMLJRYRUHpozitivno
LVWLþX GD JOREDOL]DFLMD SRYH]XMH SRMHGLQFH
GUåDYH QDURGH NXOWXUH UHJLMH L NRQWLQHQWH X
ÄMHGQX³FMHOLQXLLQWHJUDWLYQHWRNRYHãLULWUåLãWD
URED NDSLWDOD L UDGQH VQDJH RVWYDUXMH
SURVSHULWHW SRYHüDYD ]DSRVOHQRVW L åLYRWQL
VWDQGDUG RVWYDUXMXüL QHRSKRGQH XVORYH OLþQRJ
HNRQRPVNRJ L VRFLMDOQRJ UD]YRMD 6PDWUDMX GD
RG JOREDOL]DFLMH LPDMX NRULVWL L ERJDWL L

35
VLURPDãQL MHU VH QD WUåLãWX SURL]YRGL PRJX
MHIWLQLMHNXSRYDWL,MHGQLLGUXJLLPDMXNRULVWLL
RG JOREDOQLK LQIRUPDFLMD L NRPXQLNDFLMD U
PHGLMVNRP LQIRUPDFLMVNR-NRPXQLNDFLMVNRP
SRGUXþMX VHEU]RSUHQRVHLQIRUPDFLMHL]QDQMD
NRMHSRVWDMHGRVWXSQRQHVDPRERJDWLPDQHJR
LVLURPDãQLPD
,DNR JOREDOL]DFLMD VRERP QRVL QHNH
SR]LWLYQH YULMHGQRVWL LSDN VX ]QDþDMQH L RQH
QHJDWLYQH
8SUDYR V GUXJH VWUDQH SRVPDWUDQR
JOREDOL]DFLMDMHL- QHJDWLYQDSRMDYD
2YD QHJDWLYQRVW JOREDOL]DFLMH VH
PDQLIHVWXMH QD UD]QLP SRGUXþMLPD OLþQRJ L
GUXãWYHQRJåLYRWD
2QL NRML R JOREDOL]DFLML JRYRUH X
negativnim narativima LVWLþX GD JOREDOL]DFLMD
JXãL NRQNXUHQFLMX L QD JOREDOQX HNRQRPVNX
VFHQX YUDüD ROLJRSROH QDPHüH NRUSRUDWLYQL
SURWHNFLRQL]DP MDþDMXüL PXOWLQDFLRQDOQH
NRUSRUDFLMH L JOREDOQH LQVWLWXFLMH PRüL NRMH
UD]DUDMX QDFLRQDOQH HNRQRPLMH GUåDYQH
VXYHUHQRVWL L GUåDYH XNLGDMX VLQGLNDWH L
VLQGLNDOQX ]DãWLWX ]DSRVOHQLK ãLUH QDVLOMH L
VWUDK SRYHüDYDMX QH]DSRVOHQRVW ELMHGX L
VLURPDãWYR
0DGD JRYRUH R OLEHUDOQRM HNRQRPLML L
WUåLãWX QHROLEHUDOL ]DJRYDUDMX SURWHNFLRQL]DP
]D GRPLQDQWQH HNRQRPLMH 2QL LVWLþX GD MH
QMLKRYDHNRQRPLMDXVXãWLQLOLEHUDOQDHNRQRPLMDX
PHÿXYUHPHQX VH - V RE]LURP QD LPSHUDWLYQR
QDPHWDQMH QMHQLK PMHUD QHUD]YLMHQLP GUåDYDPD L
36
QMLKRYLP HNRQRPLMDPD NRMH VX SURL]YHOH QMLKRYX
NUL]X - LSDN SRND]DOD NDR ÄGDUYLQRYVND
HNRQRPLMD³21
7DNRVHSRND]XMHGDMHQHROLEHUDOL]DPX
VYRMRM VXãWLQL PDQLSXODWLYQD DOL GRPLQDQWQR
QHRLPSHULMDOQD HNRQRPVNDGRNWULQD
3UHPD PLãOMHQMX (ULND +REVEDXPD
QHJDWLYQDNDUDNWHULVWLNDJOREDOL]DFLMHVHRGQRVL
QD WR GD ÄL]D]LYD QHXUDYQRWHåHQ L DVLPHWULþDQ
UD]YRM³ WH GD ]QDWQR GRSULQRVL EUåHP UDVWX
HNRQRPVNLK L VRFLMDOQLK QHMHGQDNRVWL þLPH VH
SRND]XMH GD MH ÄQHNRQWUROLVDQD JOREDOL]DFLMD³
]DSUDYR VWYDUQL ÄLQNXEDWRU ]D QHSUDYGX L
QHVWDELOQRVW³ 22
*OREDOL]DFLMD MH L SR]LWLYQD L QHJDWLYQD
SRMDYD VPDWUD 'HMYLG +HOG *OREDOL]DFLMD VH
PRåH UD]XPMHWL ÄNDR ãLUHQMH SURGXEOMDYDQMH L
XEU]DYDQMH VYHWVNH PHÿX]DYLVQRVWL X VYLP
DVSHNWLPD PRGHUQRJ GUXãWYHQRJ åLYRWD RG
NXOWXUH GR NULPLQDOD RG ILQDQVLMD GR
GXKRYQRVWL³ +HOG QDYRGL SULPMHU LVWLþXüL GD
JOREDOL]DFLMD VWYDUD SRYH]DQRVW L]PHÿX
UD]OLþLWLK L XGDOMHQLK UHJLRQD SD L NRQWLQHQDWD
WDNR GD ÄSURJUDPHUL X ,QGLML VDGD RSVOXåXMX
VYRMH VDUDGQLNH X (YURSL L $PHULFL EH]
YUHPHQVNRJRGODJDQMDGRNX]JDMDQMHNRQRSOMH

21
1)HUJXVRQ9HOLNDGHJHQHUDFLMDNDNRVHLQVWLWXFLMH
UDVSDGDMXLHNRQRPLMHXPLUX%HRJUDGÄ3ODWR³
VWU
22
( +REVEDXP *OREDOL]DFLMD GHPRNUDWLMD L
WRWDOLWDUL]DP%HRJUDGÄ$UKLSHODJ³VWU
37
X %XUPL PRåH ELWL SRYH]DQR VD ]ORXSRWUHERP
GURJDX%HUOLQXLOL%HOIDVWX³ 23
-DQ $UW âROWH SRVHEQR LVWLþH NXOWXUQX
GHVWUXNFLMX NDR QHJDWLYQX NDUDNWHULVWLNX
JOREDOL]DFLMH Ä,VWLQD VDYUHPHQL VYLMHW GRåLYLR
MH ]QDWQX NXOWXUDOQX GHVWUXNFLMX 1D SULPMHU
MH]LFL QHVWDMX X VWHSHQX NRML QDV ]DEULQMDYD
MHGQDNR NDR L VWHSHQ L]XPLUDQMD YUVWD
.XOWXUQR QDVOMHÿH VWDURVMHGLODþNRJ
VWDQRYQLãWYD SRWNRSDYD VH LOL EULãH ãLURP
SODQHWHC1DXNDCWULMXPIXMHVYXGDXVYLMHWXNDR
QDMSRX]GDQLML REOLN VD]QDQMD þHVWR EH]RE]LUQR
SRVWXSDMXüL SUHPD YMHURYDQMX L GUXJLP
REOLFLPD PLãOMHQMD YLVRND SOLPD
NRQ]XPHUL]PDWMSRWURãDþNRJPHQWDOLWHWDNDR
ãWR L]JOHGD ãLURP VYLMHWD L]D]LYD NXOWXUDOQR
SRUDYQDQMH NRMH QDPHüH PQRãWYR JOREDOQLK
þLQLODFDNDRãWRVX&DUUHIRXU0LFKDHO-DFNVRQ
0LFURVRIW L NUHDWRUL RJODVD L] 0HGLVRQ
DYHQLMH³2VLPWRJDJOREDOL]DFLMDMHÄGXERNRL
QH]JRGQR QHVLJXUQD QHSUDYHGQD
QHGHPRNUDWLþQD L QHRGUåLYD³ 2QD ÄPLQLUD³ L
GRYRGL X SLWDQMH GHPRNUDWLMX MHGQDNRVW SD
SUHPD WRPH L EH]EMHGQRVW 6 RE]LURP GD MH
JOREDOL]DFLMD VDVYLP QHJDWLYQD QMX VYDNDNR
ÄWUHED ]DRELüL³ D ÄCGH-JOREDOL]DFLMDC ]DKWLMHYD
RSRUDYDN HNRORãNH FMHORYLWRVWL HNRQRPVNRJ

23
' +HOG 'HEDWH R JOREDOL]DFLML X *OREDOL]DFLMD –
PLW LOL VWYDUQRVW VRFLRORãND KUHVWRPDWLMD, 3ULU 9
9XOHWLü  %HRJUDG Ä=DYRG ]D XGåEHQLNH L QDVWDYQD
VUHGVWYD³VWU
38
EODJRVWDQMD NXOWXUDOQH EH]EMHGQRVWL
24
VDPRRSUHGMHOMHQMDLPLUD³
0DMNO+DUGL$QWRQLR1HJULLVWLþXGDMH
JOREDOL]DFLMD imperijalna 2QL GRYRGH X
PHÿXVREQXYH]Xmodernost VDimperijalizmom.
2YLWHRUHWLþDULLVWLþXGDMH]DVDYUHPHQL
JOREDOL]DFLMVNL QHRLPSHULMDOL]DP VYRMVWYHQD
NRQWUROD L HNVSORDWDFLMD QDFLMD RG VWUDQH MHGQH
LOLQHNROLNRQDFLMD.RQFHSWVXYHUHQRVWLGUåDYH
MH ELR SURNODPRYDQL NRQFHSW PRGHUQRJ GRED
DOLGDQDVYHüQLMH8SRVWPRGHUQRPGREXRQD
MH GHVXYHUHQL]RYDQD L GHWHULWRULMDOL]RYDQD
QHPDþYUVWHLVWDELOQHJHRJUDIVNHLWHULWRULMDOQH
JUDQLFH 7R MH QRYL LPSHULMDOL]DP X NRMHP
QHROLEHUDOQD ,PSHULMD REXKYDWD LOL SRNXãDYD
REXKYDWLWL VYH L VYH KLMHUDUKL]RYDWL L WLPH
XSUDYOMDWL 
.ULWLþDUL JOREDOL]DFLMH LVWLþX þLWDY QL]
QHJDWLYQLK NDUDNWHULVWLND 2YRM WHRULMVNRM
RULMHQWDFLMLSULSDGDL=LJPXQW%DXPDQ1MHJRY
RGQRVSUHPDJOREDOL]DFLMLMHL]UD]LWRQHJDWLYDQ
X VHEL L VRERP JOREDOL]DFLMD QRVL YHüL EURM
negativnih rizika RG NRMLK MH QDMWHåL RQDM NRML
YRGL PRJXüHP VDPRXQLãWHQMX þRYMHþDQVWYD
=DWR GHFLGQR L LVWLþH GD XNROLNR QH UD]YLMHPR
HILNDVQX SHUFHSFLMX SODQHWDUQH RGJRYRUQRVWL L

24
- $ âROWH *OREDOL]DFLMD NULWLþNL XYRG 3RGJRULFD
Ä&,'³VWU-

0 +DUG $ 1HJUL ,PSHULMD, %HRJUDG Ä,]GDYDþNL
JUDILþNL DWHOMH³  &I 'å 5LFHU  6DYUHPHQD
VRFLRORãND WHRULMD  L QMHQL  NODVLþQL NRUHQL, %HRJUDG
Ä6OXåEHQLJODVQLN³VWU
39
VWYDUQX VSRVREQRVW SUHGYLÿDQMD EXGXüQRVWL
NDWDNOL]PDMHVDVYLPL]YMHVQDLUHDOQD
%DXPDQRY LQWHOHNWXDOQL RSXV MH YHRPD
NRPSOHNVDQ L X GLVNXU]LYQRP SRJOHGX X VHEH
LQNRUSRULUD PQRJREURMQH L UD]OLþLWH DVSHNWH L
SUREOHPHLQGLYLGXDOQRJLGUXãWYHQRJåLYRWD,]
WRJ ERJDWRJ DNDGHPVNRJ RSXVD L]GYRMLüHPR
QHNROLNR VHJPHQDWD NRML VX SUHPD QDãHP
PLãOMHQMX YHRPD DNWXHOQL L UHOHYDQWQL ]D
VRFLRORJLMX D RQL VH SULMH VYHJD RGQRVH QD
SUREOHPH NRMH VRERP L X VHEL QRVL
JOREDOL]DFLMD NRMD MH ]D QMHJD – QHJDWLYQD
*OREDOL]DFLMD MH QHJDWLYQD MHU MH QHROLEHUDOQR
IXQGLUDQD L RULMHQWLVDQD L ]DWR SURGXNXMH L
JHQHULUDSUREOHPHNDRãWRVXGHVXYHUHQL]DFLMD
GUåDYH SRYHüDQMH VRFLMDOQLK QHMHGQDNRVWL
XJURåDYDQMH EH]EMHGQRVWL L GRYRÿHQMH X
SLWDQMHRSVWDQNDþRYMHþDQVWYD
1HJDWLYQRVW JOREDOL]DFLMH VH RJOHGD X
WRPH GD RQD SRYHüDYD ranjivost ekonomski
slabijih 0RüQLP HNRQRPLMDPD JOREDOL]DFLMD
PRåH RPRJXüLWL GD QMLKRYH NRUSRUDFLMH VWYRUH
JOREDOQL VYMHWVNL PRQRSROVNL SRORåDM
*OREDOL]DFLMD QRVL L GUXJH RSDVQRVWL NDR QD
SULPMHU RQH NRMH VH RGQRVH QD QHSUHGYLGLYRVW
WRNRYD NDSLWDOD LOL QD ãSHNXODWLYQH QDSDGH QD
QDFLRQDOQH YDOXWH 7DNR JOREDOL]DFLMD
SURGXNXMH ILQDQVLMVNH NUL]H NDR L QHSUHGYLGLY
WUDQVIHU L SUHEDFLYDQMD SURL]YRGQMH
WHKQRORJLMH L ]DSRVOHQRVWL L] MHGQH ]HPOMH X

40
GUXJX 7R GRGDWQR VWYDUD SUREOHPH PQRJLP
]HPDOMDSRVHEQR]HPOMDPDXUD]YRMX 
3UHPD %DXPDQRYRP PLãOMHQMX
JOREDOL]DFLMD MHGQLPD GRQRVL dobro D QHNLPD
zlo,SDNJOREDOL]DFLMDVHGRVDGDÄXSRWSXQRVWL
SRND]XMH NDR negativna³ *OREDOL]DFLMD
ÄRJUDQLþHQD QD SRVORYQH SRGXKYDWH
SUYHQVWYHQR VH SHUFLSLUD NDR JXELWDN NRQWUROH
QDGVDGDãQMLFRPLQHSRVREQRVWSUHGYLÿDQMDãWD
EXGXüQRVW PRåH GRQHWL D WLPH L QHVSRVREQRVW
RVPLãOMDYDQMD VUHGVWDYD ]D GRYRÿHQMH
EXGXüQRVWL SRG NRQWUROX³ *OREDOL]DFLMD MH
QHJDWLYQD L YRGL NDWDVWURIL Ä2QR ãWR PL
PRåHPR SUHGVND]DWL MHVWH GD QDãD QHJDWLYQD
JOREDOL]DFLMD QDL]PHQLþQR OLãDYDMXüL OMXGH
QMLKRYH EH]EHGQRVWL L QXGHüL EH]EHGQRVW X
IRUPLQHVORERGHXNROLNRVHQHREX]GDLXNURWL
þLQL NDWDVWURIX QHL]EHåQRP %H] RYRJ
SUHGVND]DQMD L EH] QMHJRYRJ R]ELOMQRJ
VKYDWDQMD þRYHþDQVWYR PRåH JDMLWL VDPR VODEH
QDGH GD üH NDWDVWURID ELWL L]EHJQXWD -HGLQL
L]JOHGQL SRþHWDN WHUDSLMH SURWLY UDVWXüHJ L X
NUDMQMRMOLQLMLRQHVSRVREOMDYDMXüHJVWUDKDMHVWH
QMHJRYR DQDOL]LUDQMH GR VDPLK NRUHQD – MHU
MHGLQL L]JOHGQL SXW GD VH V WRP WHUDSLMRP


01-RYDQRYLü*OREDOL]DFLMDLHYURSVNHYUHGQRVWL
X$VSHNWLJOREDOL]DFLMH 3ULUHGLOL9ODGLPLU3DYLüHYLü
9ODGLPLU 3HWURYLü ,YDQD 3DQWHOLü 0LODQ 6LWDUVNL
*RUDQ 0LORYDQRYLü  %HRJUDG Ä%HRJUDGVND RWYRUHQD
ãNROD'RVLMH³VWU
41
QDVWDYL ]DKWHYD VXRþDYDQMH VD ]DGDWNRP
VDVHFDQMDWLKNRUHQD³ 
*OREDOL]DFLMD MH QHJDWLYQR NRQRWLUDQD
RGQRVQR RQD MH  ÄQHJDWLYQD³ ]DWR ãWR MH
QHROLEHUDOQRIXQGLUDQD
1MHQD QHJDWLYQRVW VH RJOHGD X
SROLWLþNLPHNRQRPVNLPVRFLMDOQLPNXOWXUQLP
LHNRORãNLPSRVOMHGLFDPDNRMHSRVHEQRGROD]H
GR L]UDåDMD X VLURPDãQLP L QHUD]YLMHQLP
]HPOMDPDDHYLGHQWQRSRGXWLFDMHPLQVWLWXFLMD
JOREDOQRJXSUDYOMDQMDNDRãWRVX0HÿXQDURGQL
PRQHWDUQL IRQG 6YMHWVND EDQND 6YMHWVND
WUJRYLQVNDRUJDQL]DFLMDNDRLGUXJHLQVWLWXFLMH
1RDP ýRPVNL LVWLþH GD VH VD
JOREDOL]DFLMRP ãLUL SURFHV ³SRWNRSDYDQMD
IXQNFLRQDOQH GHPRNUDWLMH³ ãWR MH X VWYDUL
ÄMHGQD RG WHNRYLQD QHROLEHUDOQRJ QDSDGD QD
VWDQRYQLãWYR VYHWD X SRVOHGQMRM JHQHUDFLML³
2YD GHVWUXNWLYQD QHROLEHUDOQD SRMDYD VH ÄQH
GRJDÿDVDPRX6$'³YHüLX(YURSLJGMHÄVX
SRVOHGLFHPRåGDMRãWHåH´ 28
*RWRYR VYD GUXãWYHQD SRGUXþMD QD
JOREDOQRP L ORNDOQRP QLYRX SRND]XMX
QHJDWLYQX PDQLIHVWDFLMX JOREDOL]DFLMH -
HNRQRPVNR L VRFLMDOQR SRGUXþMH SRGUXþMH


= %DXPDQ )OXLGQL VWUDK, 1RYL 6DG Ä0HGLWHUUDQ
3XEOLVKLQJ³VWU
28
1ýRPVNL1XNOHDUQRRUXåMHNOLPDWVNHSURPHQHL
L]JOHGL]DRSVWDQDN'RVWXSQRQD
KWWSZZZ\NDFRPQRYRVWQRDP-FRPVNL-
QXNOHDUQR-RUX]MH-NOLPDWVNH-SURPHQH-L-L]JOHGL-]D-
RSVWDQDN  
42
VRFLMDOQH VWUXNWXUH GUXãWYHQLK QHMHGQDNRVWL
ERJDWVWYDLVLURPDãWYD
9DQGDQD âLYD GREUR LVWLþH GD
JOREDOL]DFLMD QLMH VDPR ÄJHRJUDIVNL IHQRPHQ
NRMLUXãLGUåDYQHEDULMHUHNDSLWDOX³RQDWDNRÿH
ÄUXãLHWLþNHLHNRORãNHSUHSUHNHSRVORYDQMD³6
RE]LURPGDVHÄVYLPHPRåHGDVHWUJXMHVYHMH
LQDSURGDMX– JHQLüHOLMHELOMNHVHPH]QDQMH
YRGD SD þDN L ]DJDÿHQMH³ .DNR ÄVX åLYL
VLVWHPL SRVWDOL QRYH VLURYLQH QRYD PHVWD
LQYHVWLUDQMD L QRYH ORNDFLMH ]D SURL]YRGQMX
åLYRW MH L]JXELR VYRMX QHSURFHQMLYRVW³ 8
QHROLEHUDOQRMJOREDOL]DFLMLÄL]DJDÿHQMHLRWSDG
SRVWDOLVXL]YRUYLãHPLOLRQVNHWUJRYLQH³ 29
=ERJ SUREOHPD NRMH X VHEL QRVL
JOREDOL]DFLMD MH SUHGPHW NULWLþNLK UHIOHNVLMD
2WXGDSRMDYDprotiv, anti, alter JOREDOL]DFLMVNLK
SRNUHWDLVWDQRYLãWD
1HNL RG RYLK SRNUHWD QLVX SURWLY
JOREDOL]DFLMH QHJR VX SURWLY QHROLEHUDOQH
WRWDOLWDUQH JOREDOL]DFLMH NRMD ãWLWL LQWHUHVH
YODVQLNDSURILWDLPXOWLQDFLRQDOQLKNRPSDQLMD
0HÿXWLPYHOLNLSURWLYQLFLJOREDOL]DFLMH
QHROLEHUDOL]PD L QHROLEHUDOQH JOREDOL]DFLMH
NULWLNXMX  PXOWLQDFLRQDOQH WUDQVQDFLRQDOQH
NRUSRUDFLMH ]D NRMH LVWLþX GD VX QHKXPDQH MHU
QDPHüX HNRQRPVNH LQWHUHVH L]QDG DXWHQWLþQLK

29
9 âLYD 6YHW QD LYLFL X 1D LYLFL – äLYHWL VD
JOREDOQLPNDSLWDOL]PRP 3ULUHGLOL(QWRQL*LGHQVL9LO
+DWRQ %HRJUDGÄ3ODWR³VWU

43
OMXGVNLKSRWUHED=DQMLKMHÄSURILWL]QDGOMXGL´
ýRPVNL  D QHSUHVWDOQD SURGXNDFLMD URED L
XVOXJD UD]YRM NRQ]XPHUL]PD KHGRQL]PD L
SRWURãDþNH NXOWXUH SUHGVWDYOMDMX QDM]QDþDMQLMH
PHKDQL]PH RGUåDYDQMD JOREDOQH SUHGDWRUVNH
NDSLWDOLVWLþNH SULYUHGH L HNRQRPLMH 'D EL VH
WDNYD HNRQRPLMD XRSãWH PRJOD RGUåDWL
QHRSKRGQR MH VWDOQR RVYDMDQMH QRYLK WUåLãWD L
UHVXUVDQHRSKRGQLK]DSURL]YoGQMXURED
3URWLYQLFL JOREDOL]DFLMH NULWLNXMX MH ]DWR
ãWRVDYGUXãWYHQLåLYRW VYRGLQDWUåLãQH RGQRVH
KULWLNXMX  PHQWDOLWHW KRPR RHFRQRPLFXV-D ]D
NRMHJ MH PDWHULMDOQD GRELW QMHJRYD RVQRYQD
PRWLYDFLMD D SRWURãQMD MHGLQL åLYRWQL FLOM
5D]YLMHQH HNRQRPLMH SUHNR LQVWLWXFLMD
HNRQRPVNHLILQDQVLMVNHPRüLSRSXW00)-DL
6YMHWVNH EDQNH XVSLMHYDMX GD XNLQX SUHSUHNH
VYRPSRVORYDQMXXQHUD]YLMHQLPGUåDYDPDDOL
]DGUåDYDMX PMHUH ]DãWLWH VYRMLK HNRQRPLMD
FDULQH SRWLFDML  NRMH RQHPRJXüDYDMX
VLURPDãQLPD L]YR] QMLKRYLK GREDUD
3URSDJLUDMX OLEHUDOQX HNRQRPLMX NDNR EL XãOL
QD WUåLãWD VLURPDãQLK D UD]YLMDMX
SURWHNFLRQLVWLþNH PMHUH SUHPD VLURPDãQLP GD
EL RQHPRJXüLOL QMLKRYX NRQNXUHQWQRVW 8 WRP
SRJOHGXVXJOREDOQHNRUSRUDFLMH]DGQMLKJRGLQD
YLãHVWUXNR VQL]LOH FLMHQH RVQRYQLK L]YR]QLK
SURL]YRGDQHUD]YLMHQLKNDRãWRVXNDIDEDQDQH
LOL ãHüHU þLPH VX RWHåDOH L GRYHOH X SLWDQMH
RVQRYQX SUHKUDQX VWDQRYQLãWYD 1HUD]YLMHQH
GUåDYHVXSUH]DGXåHQHL]DWRQHSUHVWDOQRWUDåH
NUHGLWH RG NRMLK NRULVW QDMþHãüH LPDMX QMLKRYH
44
NOHSWRNUDWVNHNRUXPSLUDQHSROLWLþNHROLJDUKLMH
.DNR VH PRü QDOD]L VDPR QD MHGQRM VWUDQL L X
VDGDãQMLP XVORYLPD JOREDOL]DFLMD ERJDWH þLQL
MRã ERJDWLMLPD D VLURPDãQH MRã VLURPDãQLMLPD
1HJDWLYQLP SRVOMHGLFDPD JOREDOL]DFLMH QLVX
SRãWHÿHQL VWDQRYQLFL VLURPDãQLK ]HPDOMD $OL
QMLPDVXSRJRÿHQLLVWDQRYQLFLERJDWLK]HPDOMD
L GUåDYD JGMH WDNRÿH UDVWH VRFLMDOQR
UDVORMDYDQMH RWSXãWDQMH VD UDGQLK PMHVWD
QH]DSRVOHQRVW QHREUD]RYDQRVW WH ORãD
]GUDYVWYHQD ]DãWLWD ,SDN SRVHEQR MH WHãND
VLWXDFLMD X ]HPOMDPD X WUDQ]LFLML NRMH SUHOD]H
VD SODQVNH QD WUåLãQX HNRQRPLMX D NRMH ]ERJ
UD]OLþLWLK REOLND XFMHQD PRUDMX VOXãDWL GLNWDWH
PHÿXQDURGQLK LQVWLWXFLMD NRML VX QHULMHWNR QD
ãWHWLQMLKRYLKJUDÿDQD 30
7DNRVHSRND]XMHGDMHRYDQHROLEHUDOQD
NRQFHSFLMD GRNWULQD L SDUDGLJPD JOREDOL]DFLMH
QHJDWLYQD GHVWUXNWLYQD L YHRPD RSDVQD MHU
XJURåDYDRVQRYQHWHNRYLQHOMXGVNHFLYLOL]DFLMH
3URWLYQLFL JOREDOL]DFLMHLVWLþXGDMHQMHQ
UD]YRM QHJDWLYDQ MHU UD]DUD WUDGLFLMX EUDN L
SRURGLFX NXOWXUX YULMHGQRVQH L GXKRYQH
REUDVFH åLYRWD 1HJDWLYQD MH L ]DWR ãWR
SRODUL]XMH GUXãWYHQH VORMHYH QD ERJDWH L
VLURPDãQHWHVWYDUDUD]YLMHQHPUHåHUD]OLþLWLK
NULPLQDOQLKDNWLYQRVWL.RQDþQRQHJDWLYQDMHL
]DWRãWRGHJUDGLUDUD]DUDLGHVWUXLãHSULURGX

30
KWWSVQRYD-DNURSRODFRPFRYMHN-L-
VYLMHWDNWXDOQRJOREDOL]DFLMD  
45
 2.

DESTRUKCIJA
 Kultura i priroda

2GQRV SUHPD SULURGL MH NXOWXUQR

RGUHÿHQRGQRVQRGHWHUPLQLUDQ– NXOWXURP
3UHGLQGXVWULMVNDGUXãWYDRUJDQL]RYDODVX
VH L UD]YLMDOD QD WUDGLFLRQDOQRP RGQRVX SUHPD
SULURGL NRML ]ERJ QHUD]YLMHQH QDXNH L
WHKQRORJLMH QLMH PRJDR R]ELOMQLMH GD XWLþH QD
SURPMHQHXSULURGLSDSUHPDWRPHLGDGRYHGH
GR SURL]YRGQMH UL]LND HNRORãNLK SUREOHPD L
HNRORãNHNUL]H
7R VX ELOD ORNDOLVWLþNL RUJDQL]RYDQD
GUXãWYD X NRMLPD MH SRVWRMDOD VQDåQD
SRYH]DQRVW SRURGLFH L SURL]YRGQMH L
QHUD]GYRMHQRVW SURL]YRGQMH L SRWURãQMH
VDPRSRWURãQMH  ÄUDGD³ L  ÄQH-UDGD³ 2VLP
WRJD UDVSRGMHOD L ÄXSUDYOMDQMH VRFLMDOQRP
VWUXNWXURP³ RGYLMDOR VH QD RVQRYX SROD
VWDURVWL L VURGVWYD ]DYLVQR RG GUXãWYD GR
GUXãWYD 6UHGVWYD ]D SURL]YRGQMX VX
SUHGVWDYOMDOD ÄGLR NXOWXUQRJ QDVOMHÿD³ L VSRUR
VX VH UD]YLMDOD 1LMH SRVWRMDR NDSLWDO X
LQGXVWULMVNRPVPLVOXQLMHSRVWRMDORERJDWVWYDL
]DWR VH RQR QLMH DNXPXOLUDOR - ÄERJDWVWYR³ VX
þLQLOL ÄãWHGQMD L OXNVX]QD URED³ NRML VH QLVX
PRJOLUHSURGXNRYDWL(NRQRPVNDUDþXQLFDQLMH
SRVWRMDOD MHU VX IDWDOL]DP WUDGLFLRQDOQD

49
YMHURYDQMD L YULMHGQRVWL XSUDYOMDOD
31
SRQDãDQMHP
,DNR VX OMXGL åHOMHOL GD VH VXSURVWDYH
VQDåQLP SULWLVFLPD SULURGQRJ GHWHUPLQL]PD L
GD EROMH åLYH LSDN ]D WDNYR QHãWR QLVX
UDVSRODJDOL QHRSKRGQLP L YHRPD ]QDþDMQLP
SUHWSRVWDYNDPD XEMHÿHQMHP ]QDQMHP L
WHKQRORJLMRP $ QL NXOWXUD LP WR QLMH
RPRJXüDYDOD
8 SUHGLQGXVWULMVNRP SHULRGX MH NXOWXUD
ELODNRþQLFDHNRQRPVNRJLGUXãWYHQRJUD]YRMD
3RG YHRPD VQDåQLP XWLFDMHP UHOLJLMH X
VUHGQMRYMHNRYQRM (YURSL MH ELOR GRPLQDQWQR
JOHGLãWH R OLQHDUQRP SURSDGDQMX svijeta
RGQRVQR VKYDWDQMH NRMH MH LVWLFDOR GD VYH LPD
VYRM SRþHWDN VUHGLQX L NUDM .DNR MH SUHPD
KULãüDQVWYX Sve XQDSULMHG GHWHUPLQLUDQR
%RåMRP YROMRP MDVQR MH GD þRYMHNRY RGQRV
SUHPD VYLMHWX QH PRåH ELWL DNWLYDQ YHü
NRQWHPSODWLYDQ L SDVLYDQ 2YX SDVLYQRVW
ÄGMHORYDQMD³ SRGUDåDYD L organsko shvatanje
SUHPD NRMHP MH ]HPOMD GRåLYOMDYDQD NDR åLYL
RUJDQL]DPLÄPDMND³ WHMHWDNRRYRVKYDWDQMH
HILNDVQR VOXåLOR ÄNDR NXOWXUQD NRþQLFD NRMD MH
RJUDQLþDYDOD GMHORYDQMH OMXGVNLK ELüD³ -HU
ÄQLNR QLMH YROMDQ GD NROMH PDMNX  NRSD SR
QMH]LQRMXWURELXSRWUD]L]D]ODWRPLOLGDVDNDWL
QMH]LQRWLMHOR³, ÄGRNVHVPDWUDORGDMH]HPOMD
åLYD L RVMHWOMLYD VYDNR SURYRÿHQMH

31
$ 0DQGUD 2VQRYL VRFLRORJLMH 3RGJRULFD Ä&,'³
VWU
50
GHVWUXNWLYQLK UDGQML QDG QMRP ]QDþLOR MH
SUHNUãDM OMXGVNRJ HWLþNRJ SRQDãDQMD
32
0HUNDQ ³
8 VUHGQMHP YLMHNX MH RGQRV SUHPD
SULURGLELR teološki LQHQDXþDQGRNMHXQRYRP
YLMHNX RQ ELR VHNXODUQL L QDXþQL =DKYDOMXMXüL
SURPMHQL SDUDGLJPH RGQRVQR ]DKYDOMXMXüL
NXOWXURORãNRM L QDXþQRM SURPMHQL VKYDWDQMD X
QRYRP YLMHNX MH GRãOR GR LVWLFDQMD ]QDþDMD
HNVSHULPHQWDOQRJ L QDXþQRJ SURXþDYDQMD
SULURGH 3RþHOR MH GRPLQLUDWL PDWHULMDOLVWLþNR
VKYDWDQMHVYLMHWDLPDWHULMHNRMDMH- QHXQLãWLYD
8VSRQ W]Y ÄPODGH EXUåRD]LMH³ NRMD MH
SRGUåDYDOD LVWUDåLYDQMD SULURGH ]ERJ SURILWD
LQHUWQL L DXWDUKLþQL VYLMHW IHXGDOL]PD L QMHJRY
SRJOHGQDVYLMHWSRVWDOLVXQHSULNODGQL]DUD]YRM
QRYRJ PRGHUQLVWLþNRJ PHKDQLFLVWLþNRJ
SRJOHGD QD VYLMHW %LOD MH WR YHOLND SREMHGD
Moderne.
8WHPHOMHQMH Moderne L QMRM LPDQHQWQH
PHKDQLFLVWLþNH SDUDGLJPH SRYH]DQR MH VD
UD]YRMHP QRYRYMHNRYQH nauke NRMD MH  QD
WHPHOMX NDUWH]LMDQVNRJ GXDOL]PD XVSRVWDYLOD
GLVWLQNWLYQL RGQRV L]PHÿX GUXãWYD L SULURGH
þLPH MH HWDEOLUDOD GRPLQDFLMX GUXãWYD QDG
SULURGRP  =DWLP üH SRG XWLFDMHP RYRJ
PHKDQLFLVWLþNRJ SRJOHGD QD VYLMHW L
SURVYMHWLWHOMVWYR VQDåQR RGEDFLWL ]DEOXGH
LVWLþXüL ]QDþDM racionalnog DXWRULWHWD ]QDQMD

32
) &DSUD 9ULMHPH SUHRNUHWD, =DJUHE Ä*OREXV³
VWU
51
 QDXNH  NRMLP VH RVWYDUXMX PRü L QDGPRü =D
prosvetiteljstvo MHUD]XPVKYDüHQNDRnešto ãWR
RPRJXüDYD RGYRMDQMH RG VXMHYMHUMD ]DEOXGD L
JUHãDND
1DWHPHOMXWDNYLKVKYDWDQMDUD]YLMDOHVX
VH L metode LQVWUXPHQWDOQRJ LVWUDåLYDQMD
SULURGH D XYRÿHQMHP SULQFLSD racionalnosti L
efikasnosti VWYRUHQD MH PRGHUQD LQGXVWULMVND
proizvodnja 6D VYH VQDåQLMLP MDþDQMHP
LQGXVWULMVNHSURL]YRGQMHLLQGXVWULMVNRJGUXãWYD
VYH VH EUåH SRþHR UD]JUDÿLYDWL WUDGLFLRQDOQL
QDþLQ SURL]YRGQMH L åLYRWD ]DVQRYDQRJ QD
WUDGLFLML L ULJLGQLP RELþDMLPD 6D LQGXVWULMVNLP
GUXãWYRP VH QDJOR ]DSRþHR UD]YLMDWL MHGDQ
SRWSXQR QRYL VYLMHW – VYLMHW HILNDVQRVWL
UDFLRQDOQRVWLLSURJUHVLYQRVWL
8 RYLP L]X]HWQR ]QDþDMQLP SURFHVLPD
XWHPHOMHQMD L UD]YRMD PRGHUQRJ QDþLQD
SURL]YRGQMH L åLYRWD SRVHEQX XORJX MH ]DGRELR
MHGDQWHKQRORãNLSURL]YRGDWRMH– sat
3RG XWLFDMHP VDWD GRãOR MH GR YHOLNLK
SURPMHQD X RUJDQL]DFLML UDGD  SURL]YRGQMH L
QDþLQDåLYRWDMMHUHQMHYUHPHQDLXVNODÿLYDQMH
ULWPDUDGDSURL]YRGQMHLVYDNRGQHYQRJ åLYRWD
SUHWYRULORVH XQHPLQRYQRVW 2VLPWRJDVDW MH
ELRX]RUSUDYOMHQMD GUXJLKPHKDQLþNLKVWURMHYD
6DGD MH XWLFDM ÄVDWQRJ PHKDQL]PD GRSLUDR MH
PQRJR GDOMH RG WYRUQLFH X QMHPX VX ELOL
UD]UDÿHQL QH VDPR QDMYDåQLMH PHKDQLþNL
SUREOHPL SULMHQRVD L XSUDYOMDQMD NUHWDQMHP
QHJR MH VDW SRVWDMXüL VYH WRþQLML D X
RVDPQDHVWRP VWROMHüX RNUXQMHQ MRã L L]XPRP
52
EURGVNRJ NURQRPHWUD SRVWDR X]RU ]D VYH
LQVWUXPHQWHSUHFL]QHPHKDQLNH6DWMH]DSUDYR
PRGHO VYLK DXWRPDWD JRWRYR VYH ãWR PRåHPR
SRVWLüL L RþHNLYDWL RG QHNRJ DXWRPDWD ELOR MH
QDMSULMH ULMHãHQR X VDWQRP PHKDQL]PX 8
SURJUHVLML RG YHOLNRJ NDWHGUDOQRJ VDWD SD GR
PLQLMDWXUQLK UXþQLK VDWRYD V NDOHQGDURP L
EXGLOLFRP NRML VH VDPL QDYLMDMX QDüL üHPR
WDNRÿHU L QDMUDQLML SULPMHU PLQLMDWXUL]DFLMH QD
NRMX MH GDQDãQMD HOHNWURQVND WHKQRORJLMD V
SUDYRP WROLNR SRQRVQD $XWRPDWL]DFLMD
YUHPHQD X VDWX SUHGVWDYOMD REUD]DF VYLK YHüLK
DXWRPDWVNLK VLVWHPD³ GRN MH WDþQRVW SRVWDOD
ÄQXåQRVW X VYLP GQHYQLP SRVORYLPD X RQLP
]HPOMDPD JGMH MH ]DYODGDOD PHKDQL]DFLMD
0MHUHQMH YUHPHQD L SURVWRUD SRVWDOR MH
VDVWDYQLP GLMHORP VLVWHPD NRQWUROH ãWR JD MH
]DSDGQL þRYMHN ELR UD]DSHR QDG FLMHOLP
SODQHWRP³ 33
6D PRGHUQLP SRJOHGRP QD VYLMHW L
QMHJRYLP WHKQRORãNLP SURL]YRGLPD VQDåQR VX
VH UD]YLMDOL procesi modernizacije NRML VX
UD]DUDOLWUDGLFLRQDOL]DPLWUDGLFLRQDOQRGUXãWYR
D UD]YLMDOL LQGXVWULMDOL]DFLMX ]DVQRYDQD QD
PDãLQVNLP WHKQRORJLMDPD L IRUPLUDOL JOREDOQR
NDSLWDOLVWLþNR WUåLãWH 6DGD MH GRãOR GR
GLIHUHQFLMDFLMH L VSHFLMDOL]DFLMH UD]QLK VIHUD
GUXãWYHQRJ åLYRWD WUDQVIRUPDFLMH NODVD L

33
/0XPIRUG0LWRPDãLQLWHKQLNDLUD]YRMþRYMHND,
W=DJUHEÄ*UDILþNL]DYRG+UYDWVNH³VWU-

53
VWDOHåD WH SRUDVWD GHPRJUDIVNLK SURFHVD L
PRELOQRVWL NRML VX GRYHOL GR VPDQMHQMD
SRVWRWND UXUDOQRJ X XGQRVX QD XUEDQR
VWDQRYQLãWYR1DUDYQRWXVXLGUXJHSRVOMHGLFH
NRMH VX VH MDYOMDOH VD SURFHVRP UD]YLMDQMD
SURFHVDPRGHUQL]DFLMHNDRãWRVX
x UD]YRM VHNXODUQLK QDFLRQDOQLK GUåDYD VD
ãLURNRP MDYQRP DGPLQLVWUDFLMRP WH
YHüRPYRMQRPLSROLWLþNRPHILNDVQRãüX
NDRLSROLWLþNLPRUJDQL]RYDQMHP
x DILUPLVDQMH YULMHGQRVWL Moderne –
LQGLYLGXDOL]PD
x SULYDWL]DFLMD SRURGLþQRJ åLYRWD L
QMHJRYD L]RODFLMD RG NRQWUROH ]DMHGQLFH
WH UD]GYDMDQMH UDGQRJ PMHVWD RG PMHVWD
VWDQRYDQMD
x GHPRNUDWL]DFLMD LQVWLWXFLMD WH IRUPLUDQMH
PDVRYQHNXOWXUHLPDVRYQHSRWURãQMH
x UD]YRM VUHGVWDYD VLPEROLþNH L GUXJH
NRPXQLNDFLMH
x UD]XPLMHYDQMHVKYDWDQMHLGRåLYOMDYDQMH
YUHPHQD L SURVWRUD L QMLKRYH
RUJDQL]DFLMH SUHPD VYH L]UDåDMQLMLP
SRWUHEDPD LQGXVWULMVNH SURL]YRGQMH L
WUåLãWD 34
7DNRVXRGUHÿHQLSRJOHGQD VYLMHWNDRL
WHKQRORãND XSRWUHED DODWD L PDãLQD GRYHOL GR
YHOLNLK SURPMHQD X SURFHVX SURL]YRGQMH L
QDþLQX åLYRWD RGQRVQR GRYHOL VX GR UD]DUDQMD

34
$ 0DUWLQHOL 0RGHUQL]DP SURFHV PRGHUQL]DFLMH
3RGJRULFDÄ&,'³VWUpass.
54
WUDGLFLRQDOQRJ SUHGLQGXVWULMVNRJ  L L]JUDGQMH
PRGHUQRJLQGXVWULMVNRJQDþLQDSURL]YRGQMH
'RN MH X SUHGLQGXVWULMVNRP SHULRGX
þRYMHNELRQRVLODFRUJDQL]DWRULNRQWURORUUDGD
L SURL]YRGQMH D SURGXNWLYQRVW RGUHÿHQD L
RJUDQLþHQDVQDJRPOMXGVNLKPLãLüDLYMHãWLQDX
LQGXVWULMVNRM SURL]YRGQML GROD]L GR SUHOD]D L]
PDQXHOQH SURL]YRGQMH X PHKDQL]DFLMVNX
SURL]YRGQMX 2JUDQLþHQRVW GMHORYDQMD ELRORãNH
SRJRQVNH HQHUJLMH QD SULURGX VH VYH YLãH
]DPMHQMXMH HQHUJLMRP YMHWUD YRGH XJOMD L
WHþQLK JRULYD 6DGD þRYMHN YLãH QLMH ÄVXEMHNW³
UDGD YHü MH WR  PDãLQD NRMRM þRYMHN VOXåL NDR
ÄGRGDWDN³.RQDþQRWHNVDGDMHELORPRJXüH
D XYRÿHQMHP DXWRPDWVNH SURL]YRGQMH MRã YLãH
SURL]YRGLWL VYH YHüX NROLþLQX UD]QRYUVQLMLK
SUHGPHWD]D]DGRYROMDYDQMHVYHQDUDVWDMXüLKL
VYH YHüLK NRQ]XPHULVWLþNLK SRWUHED (NRORãNL
SRVPDWUDQR WR MH ]QDþLOR L YHüX SURL]YRGQMX
RWSDGD WH YHüX L UD]RUQLMX GHYDVWDFLMX
GHJUDGDFLMXLGHVWUXNFLMXSULURGHNDRUL]LNDNRML
VYHYLãHGRYRGLXSLWDQMHRSVWDQDNFLYLOL]DFLMH
7DNR MH QDãD FLYLOL]DFLMD SRVWDOD
FLYLOL]DFLMDrizika MHUVXUL]LFLSRVWDOLGLRQDãHJ
VYDNRGQHYQRJåLYRWDQDJOREDOQRPLORNDOQRP
QLYRX

55
 Rizici

=DQLPOMLYXWHRULMVNXRVQRYXXVKYDWDQMX
UD]XPLMHYDQMX L HNVSOLFLUDQMX GUXãWYD UL]LND
SUHGVWDYOMDMX NRQFHSWL GUXãWYHQH UHIOHNVLYQRVWL
NRG *LGHQVD L UHIOHNVLYQH PRGHUQL]DFLMH NRG
8OULKD%HND
(QWRQL *LGHQV JRYRUL R GUXãWYHQRM
refleksivnosti SURPLãOMDMXüLSRVOMHGLFHSURPMHQD
NRMH VH GHãDYDMX X VDYUHPHQRP ÄUD]XODUHQRP
VYLMHWX³ NRML MH SXQ QHL]YMHVQRVWL UL]LND L
RSDVQRVWL 5HIOHNVLYQRVW ]QDþL QHSUHVWDOQR
PLVDRQR SURPLãOMDQMH L SUHLVSLWLYDQMH QDãLK
DNWLYQRVWLVFLOMHPQMLKRYRJPLMHQMDQMD
.DNRåLYLPRXVYLMHWXrizika, QHRSKRGQR
MHUD]YLWLpovjerenje XSRMHGLQFHLLQVWLWXFLMHMHU
UMHãDYDQMHSUREOHPDUL]LNDVHQHPRåHRVWYDULWL
EH] SRYMHUHQMD 6 RE]LURP GD MH VYLMHW
GLQDPLþDQ L SXQ XEU]DQLK SURPMHQD REUDVFL
WUDGLFLRQDOQLK SRYMHUHQMD QHVWDMX QHNDGD MH
SRYMHUHQMH X GUXJH OMXGH SURL]OD]LOR L] ORNDOQH
]DMHGQLFH DOL V RE]LURP GD åLYLPR X
JOREDOL]RYDQRPVYLMHWXQDQDãHåLYRWHPRJXGD
XWLþX L OMXGLNRMHQLNDGQHVUHWQHPRLXSR]QDPR
LNRMLVHQHQDOD]HXQDãRMQHSRVUHGQRMEOL]LQL
QHJR QHJGMH GDOHNR =DWR *LGHQV L LVWLþH GD
PRUDPRLPDWLSRYMHUHQMDXRUJDQL]DFLMH GRGDOL
ELVPR NRMH QLVX NRUXPSLUDQH  NRMH VH EDYH
HNRORãNLP ]GUDYVWYHQLP L PHGLFLQVNLP
SURSLVLPD NDR L GUXJLP SURSLVLPD NDR ãWR MH
EDQNDUVNL LWG 6 RE]LURP GD VH povjerenje L
56
rizik QDOD]H X QHSRVUHGQRM ÄPHÿXVREQRM YH]L³
]DWR OMXGL PRUDMX LPDWL SRYMHUHQMD X LQVWLWXFLMH
NDNR ELVPR VH HILNDVQR VXSURVWDYLOL UL]LFLPD
NRML QDV RNUXåXMX 8 JOREDOL]DFLMVNRP L
LQIRUPDWLþNRP GREX QXåQR GROD]L GR SRUDVWD
NULWLþNH VYLMHVWL NDR ÄGUXãWYHQH UHIOHNVLYQRVWL³
ãWR ]QDþL GD MH QHRSKRGQR VWDOQR promišljati
VYLMHWXNRMHPåLYLPRDWRLSUHGVWDYOMDÄQRYX
ID]XUD]YRMDVRFLRORãNHWHRULMH³
5DVSUDYOMDMXüLRUL]LFLPD*LGHQVJRYRUL
R GUXãWYHQRM UHIOHNVLYQRVWL D 8OULK %HN R
UHIOHNVLYQRMPRGHUQL]DFLML
3UHPD %HNRYRP PLãOMHQMX UHIOHNVLYQD
PRGHUQL]DFLMD ]QDþL ÄVDPRVXþHOMDYDQMH³ VD
VDPLP ÄSRVOMHGLFDPD GUXãWYD UL]LND³
5HIOHNVLYQD PRGHUQL]DFLMD LPSOLFLUD SURPMHQX
LQGXVWULMVNRJGUXãWYD
=D %HND MH VRFLRORJLMD ÄNRQWURYHU]QD
QDXND³ V MHGQH VWUDQH X QMRM MH SULVXWDQ
WHRULMVNL SOXUDOL]DP NRML LVNOMXþXMH PRJXüQRVW
SRVWRMDQMD ÄYLãH PRGHUQL³ D V GUXJH VWUDQH
RQD EL PRUDOD UD]YLWL ÄNRQNUHWQX PRJXüQRVW
SURPMHQH GUXãWYD³ 6RFLRORJLMD QH PRåH ELWL
ÄDGPLQLVWUDWLYQD³ VSHNXODWLYQD L þLQRYQLþND
QDXND QD XQLYHU]LWHWLPD DQJDåRYDQD
VRFLRORãND NULWLND EL ÄPRJOD ]DSDOLWL L MDYQX
LVNUX EH] NRMH VRFLRORJLMD ODNR SRVWDMH
SURMHNWRP YUOR VNXSRJ VXEYHQFLRQLUDQMD
GUXãWYHQLK VDPRUD]XPOMLYRVWL³ 6 RE]LURP GD
MH ÄGUXãWYR VDPRNULWLþNR³ RQGD ÄQHNULWLþND
VRFLRORJLMD SRVWDMH SRJUHãQRP D NULWLþND
NRQIRUPLVWLþQRP 1R NULWLND NULWLNH WHN EL VH
57
MRã PRUDOD SURQDüL³ 6RFLRORJLMD MH þHVWR
]DWYRUHQD X VYRMH ULJLGQH RNYLUH WDNR GD
NULWLND UL]LþQRJ GUXãWYD QXåQR QH PRUD GD
QRUPDWLYQR GROD]L ÄRGR]JR³ YHü ÄRGR]GR³ L]
SRGUXþMD DXWRQRPQRJ UHIOHNVLYQRJ GMHORYDQMD
DNWHUD FLYLOQRJ GUXãWYD 1DUDYQR WR QH ]QDþL
GDVRFLRORJLMDQLMHGREURGRãODYHüQDSURWLYWR
VDPR ]QDþL GD VH QD VFHQL ÄUHIOHNVLYQH
PRGHUQL]DFLMH³ SRMDYOMXMX RQL NRML VX GLUHNWQR
SRJRÿHQLUL]LFLPDUL]LþQRJGUXãWYD
7LPHVHSRND]XMHGDSRVWRMHüLSUREOHPL
]DKWLMHYDMX HILNDVQX WHPHOMQX ÄSROLWLNX
NRQWUDLQWHUSUHWDFLMH³ RGQRVQR SURPMHQX
PLãOMHQMD DOL L SURPMHQX GRPLQDQWQLK
SDUDGLJPL PRGHUQL]DFLMH 0RGHUQL]DFLMD
VRERP QRVL UDFLRQDOL]DFLMX NDR ]QDþDMQX
NRPSRQHQWX QH VDPR HNRQRPLMH QHJR L
GUXãWYHQLK RGQRVD L YULMHGQRVQLK VLVWHPD %HN
GHFLGQR LVWLþH GD UHIOHNVLYQD PRGHUQL]DFLMD
RGEDFXMH PRGHUQL]DFLMX L QMHQX SRJUHãQX
SUHGVWDYX ÄOLQHDUQRJ UDVWD³ L ÄWHKQLþNH³ L
ÄRUJDQL]DFLMVNH UDFLRQDOQRVWL³ NRMD MH VWYRULOD
RJURPQH SUREOHPH þRYMHþDQVWYX L ]DWR
SUHGVWDYOMD R]ELOMDQ UL]LN L RSDVQRVW QMHJRYRJ
RSVWDQND ãWR QDUDYQR ]QDþL GD MX MH
QHRSKRGQR PLMHQMDWL GUXJDþLMRP SUHGVWDYRP L
ILOR]RILMRPåLYRWDLL]JUDGQMRPGUXJHPRGHUQH
LOL SURWXPRGHUQH 2YD GUXJD PRGHUQD
RGQRVQR SURWXPRGHUQD LPSOLFLUD NUDK

58
Moderne LQMHQHQHROLEHUDOQHJOREDOL]DFLMH 
3UHPD PLãOMHQMX 8OULKD %HND UL]LþQR
GUXãWYR MH GUXãWYR QD YLãHP QLYRX PRGHUQRVWL
JGMH ÄSURL]YRGQMD dobara VLVWHPDWVNL SUDWL
GUXãWYHQD SURL]YRGQMD rizika³ 6DGD ÄHNRORãNL
SUREOHPLQLVXYLãHSUREOHPLRNUXåHQMDQHJRVX
– X VYRMRM JHQH]L L SRVOHGLFDPD – SRWSXQR
GUXãWYHQL SUREOHPL SUREOHPL OMXGL QMLKRYH
LVWRULMH QMLKRYLK åLYRWQLK XVORYD QMLKRYRJ
RGQRVD SUHPD VYHWX L VWYDUQRVWL QMLKRYRJ
HNRQRPVNRJNXOWXUQRJLSROLWLþNRJ XVWURMVWYD
,QGXVWULMVNLWUDQVIRUPLVDQDµXQXWUDãQMDSULURGD¶
FLYLOL]DFLMVNRJ VYHWD XSUDYR VH PRUD SRMPLWL
NDRHJ]HPSODUQRne-RNUXåHQMHNDRXQXWUDãQMH
RNUXåHQMH QDVSUDP NRMHJ ]DND]XMX VYH QDãH
YLVRNRUD]YLMHQH VSRVREQRVWL GLVWDQFLUDQMD L
LVNOMXþLYDQMD 1D NUDMX ;; YHND SULURGD je
GUXãWYR D GUXãWYR MH WDNRÿH  ‘priroda’. 2QDM
NR GDQDV MRã JRYRUL R SULURGL NDR QH-GUXãWYX
JRYRULRNDWHJRULMDPDQHNRJGUXJRJYHNDNRMH
YLãH QH GRWLþX QDãX VWYDUQRVW³ 6DYUHPHQR
GUXãWYR MH GRãOR X ID]X ÄGUXJH PRGHUQRVWL³
JGMH EURMQH SURPMHQH UD]DUDMX WUDGLFLRQDOQRVW
WUDGLFLRQDOQR GUXãWYR L QMHJRYH YH]H 1HVWDMH


% .RYDþHYLü  , .RYDþHYLü 6RFLRORJ\ RI *OREDO
5LVN 6RFLHW\, %DQMD /XND Ä(YURSVNL GHIHQGRORJLMD
FHQWDU ]D QDXþQD SROLWLþND HNRQRPVND VRFLMDOQD
EH]EMHGQRVQDVRFLRORãNDLNULPLQRORãNDLVWUDåLYDQMD
%DQMD /XND³  SS  pass. 'RVWXSQR QD
KWWSZZZGHIHQGRORJLMD-
EDQMDOXNDFRPILOHV%RRN6RFLRORJ\RIJOREDOULVNVR
FLHW\%UDFR,ULQD.RYDFHYLFSGI
59
VWDUR LQGXVWULMVNR GUXãWYR L QD QMHJRYR PMHVWR
VWXSDQRYRUL]LþQRGUXãWYRNDRVYMHWVNRUL]LþQR
GUXãWYR 8 RYRP GUXãWYX VH VXRþDYDPR VD
UL]LFLPD VD NRMLPD VH UDQLMH JHQHUDFLMH QLVX
VXRþDYDOH D NRML GRYRGH X SLWDQMH QDãX
VLJXUQRVW Lbezbjednost2YLUL]LFLSUHGVWDYOMDMX
SULMHWQMX VYLPD EH] RE]LUD QD WHULWRULMDOQX LOL
UHJLRQDOQX XGDOMHQRVW L GLVWDQFX SROLWLþNR LOL
UHOLJLMVNR RSUHGMHOMHQMH HWQLþNX SULSDGQRVW
NXOWXUXLGXKRYQRVW
ýRYMHNRYH DNWLYQRVWL SURL]YRGH L
UD]YLMDMX JOREDOQH HNRORãNH SULMHWQMH L UL]LNH
NRMH VX SRVOMHGLFD QH VDPR SRVWRMDQMD
bogatstva YHü VX L SRVOMHGLFD SRVWRMDQMD
siromaštva =DWR 8OULK %HN L VPDWUD GD MH
SURFHV PRGHUQL]DFLMH XSUDYR GRYHR GR MDVQRJ
SUHOD]D NODVQRJ GUXãWYD X UL]LþQR GUXãWYR
,VWLþH GD GRN MH X NODVQRP GUXãWYX LGHDO
SUHGVWDYOMDOD jednakost X UL]LþQRP GUXãWYX MH
WR- VLJXUQRVW8NODVQRPGUXãWYXMHSRNUHWDþND
UHþHQLFD JODVLOD ³-D VDP JODGDQ³ GRN MH X
UL]LþQRP GUXãWYD WR  Ä-D VH SODãLP³ 1D WDM
QDþLQ X UL]LþQRP GUXãWYX QDVWDMH „solidarnost
L] VWUDKD³ NRMD SRVWDMH ]QDþDMQD SROLWLþND
VQDJD 
1HNDGDãQMH RSDVQRVWL L UL]LFL VX VH
UD]OLNRYDOLRGRYLKGDQDãQMLK
8SUDYR ÄSDGD X RþL GD VX RQGDãQMH
RSDVQRVWL ]D UD]OLNX RG GDQDãQMLK QDSDGDOH


8 %HN 5L]LþQR GUXãWYR X VXVUHW QRYRM PRGHUQL,
%HRJUDGÄ)LOLS9LãQMLü³VWU
60
QRV LOL RþL GDNOH ELOH VX RSDåOMLYH GRN MH ]D
UL]LNH FLYLOL]DFLMH GDQDV WLSLþQR GD L]PLþX
RSDåDMXL GDVH SUHORNDOL]XMXX VIHULIL]LþNR–
KHPLMVNLKIRUPXOD QSUWRNVLQLXQDPLUQLFDPD
QXNOHDUQD RSDVQRVW  'UXJD UD]OLND GLUHNWQR MH
XYH]LVDRYLP8SURãORVWLVXVHRYHRSDVQRVWL
PRJOH VYRGLWL QD nedovoljno UD]YLMHQX
KLJLMHQX 'DQDV VH RQH ]DVQLYDMX QD
LQGXVWULMVNRM hiperSURGXNFLML 'DQDãQML UL]LFL L
XJURåDYDQMD ELWQR VH GDNOH UD]OLNXMX RG
QDL]JOHG VOLþQLK UL]LND L XJURåDYDQMD VUHGQMHJ
YHNDJOREDOQRãüXVYRMHSUHWQMH OMXGLåLYRWLQMH
LELOMNH LVYRMLPsavremenim UD]OR]LPD7RVX
UL]LFL modernizacije. 2QL VX SDXãDOQL SURL]YRG
PDãLQHULMH LQGXVWULMVNRJ QDSUHWND L sistematski
VH SRMDþDYDMX QMHQLP GDOMLP UD]YRMHP³
5L]LþQR GUXãWYR MH GUXãWYR UD]QLK REOLND
NDWDVWURIDÄ'UXãWYHQRSUL]QDWLUL]LFLãWRVHSR
SUYL SXW MDVQR LVSROMDYD QD SULPHUX UDVSUDYD R
XQLãWDYDQMX ãXPD VDGUåH MHGQX RVREHQX
]DSDOMLYX WYDU RQR ãWR MH GR VDGD YDåLOR za
QHSROLWLþQR SRVWDMH SROLWLþQR - otklanjanje
CX]URNDC X VDPRP SURFHVX LQGXVWUijalizacije
3ULWRPHQDHJ]HPSODUDQQDþLQSRVWDMHMDVQRR
þHPX VH X VWYDUL UDGL X MDYQLP UDVSUDYDPD X
YH]L VD GHILQLVDQMHP UL]LND QH VDPR R
VHNXQGDUQLP SUREOHPLPD ]GUDYOMD SULURGH L
þRYMHND QHJR R socijalnim, ekonomskim i
SROLWLþNLP VSRUHGQLP HIHNWLPD RYLK VSRUHGQLK
efekata NRODSVL WUåLãWD REH]YUHÿLYDQMH
NDSLWDOD ELURNUDWVNH NRQWUROH RGOXND
SUHGX]HüD RWYDUDQMH QRYLK WUåLãWD GåLQRYVNL
61
WURãNRYL VXGVNL SRVWXSFL JXELWDN XJOHGD 8
PDQMLP LOLYHüLP XGDULPD- XQDMDYLRSDVQRVWL
RG VPRJD L]OLYDQMD RWURYD LWG – GDNOH RQRJD
ãWR VH SRMDYOMXMH X UL]LþQRP GUXãWYX MHVWH
SROLWLþNL SRWHQFLMDO NDWDVWURID =D ]DãWLWX RG
NDWDVWURID L QMLKRYR VDYODÿLYDQMH SRWUHEQD MH
reorganizacija PRüLLYODVWL5L]LþQRGUXãWYRMH
GUXãWYR NDWDVWURID 8 QMHPX YDQUHGQR VWDQMH
SUHWLGDSRVWDQHQRUPDOQR³ 
*LGHQV GHFLGQR LVWLþH GD UDQLMD
WUDGLFLRQDOQD GUXãWYD L ³WUDGLFLRQDOQH NXOWXUH
QLVX SR]QDYDOH SRMDP UL]LND³ 8RVWDORP QLVX
VH QL RVMHüDOD XJURåHQLP 7HN VD UD]YRMHP
LQGXVWULMVNH FLYLOL]DFLMH VX VH OMXGL SRþHOL
VXRþDYDWL VD SUREOHPLPD UL]LND NRMH MH RQD
VRERP L X VHEL QRVLOD 6DGD VX ]ERJ WRJD ãWR
UL]LFL ÄSURGLUX L X GUXJH REODVWL³ VDPD
ÄRVMHüDQMD RQWRORãNH VLJXUQRVWL L
HJ]LVWHQFLMDOQHDQNVLR]QRVWL³ VYHYLãHSRVWDMDOD
Ä]DMHGQR X DPELYDOHQWQRP RGQRVX³ 7DNRÿH
UD]YLMDMX VH L ÄQRYH UL]LþQH VLWXDFLMH NRMH VH
UD]OLNXMXRGRQLKL]UDQLMLKHSRKD³MHUÄUL]LNX
GDQDãQMH YUHPH PDQMH SRWLþH RG SULURGQLK
RSDVQRVWL D PQRJR YLãH RG QHL]YHVQRVWL GR
NRMHMHGRYHRGUXãWYHQLUD]YRMLUD]YRMQDXNHL
WHKQLNH³.RQDþQRÄ]DUD]OLNXRGQHNDGDãQMLK
UL]LND NRML VX LPDOL XWYUÿHQH X]URNH L SR]QDWH
SRVOHGLFH UL]LFLPD VDYUHPHQRJ GRED QH PRåH
VH RGUHGLWL SRUHNOR QLWL LP VH PRJX VDJOHGDWL


8 %HN 5L]LþQR GUXãWYR X VXVUHW QRYRM PRGHUQL,
%HRJUDGÄ)LOLS9LãQMLü³VWUVWU-
62
HIHNWL³ 8SUDYR ]DWR MH ÄXSUDYOMDQMH UL]LNRP
RVQRYQRMHREHOHåMHJOREDOQRJSRUHWND³ 38
0RGHUQL UD]YRM GUXãWDYD PDQLIHVWXMH
VYRMX QHRGUåLYRVW 6 RE]LURP QD UL]LNH L
RSDVQRVWLWHQDUDVWDMXüHLQHUMHãLYHSUREOHPHV
NRMLPD VH VXVUHüH QDãX FLYLOL]DFLMX ELVPR
PRJOLQD]YDWL– Ä7LWDQLNFLYLOL]DFLMRP³

1HRGUåLYRVWUD]YRMD

1DãX 7LWDQLN FLYLOL]DFLMX PRåHPR

XSRUHGLWLVDQHVWDORPFLYLOL]DFLMRP– Uskršnjeg
ostrva
1D 8VNUV  JRGLQH KRODQGVND
SRPRUVNDIORWDMHX3DFLILNXQDLãODQDQHRELþQR
RVWUYR 1D]YDQR MH Uskršnjim ostrvom 1D
RVWUYX VX ]DWHNOL YHRPD þXGQH RJURPQH
NDPHQH ILJXUH RNUHQXWH SUHPD RNHDQX
0RUHSORYFLPD QLMH ELOR MDVQR ]DãWR QD RVWUYX
QLMHELORSORGQH]HPOMHGUYHüDYRGH2VWUYRMH
ELOR EUGRYLWR VD NDPHQLP NLSRYLPD L
QHNROLFLQRP PUãDYLK L L]PXþHQLK VWDQRYQLND
0RUHSORYFLPD QLMH ELOR MDVQR QL NDNR MH
QHNROLFLQD WLK OMXGL XRSãWH ELOR VSRVREQR GD

38
( *LGHQV 2GEHJOL VYHW NDNR JOREDOL]DFLMD
SUHREOLNXMH QDãH åLYRWH, %HRJUDG Ä6WXERYL NXOWXUH³
 pass ( *LGHQV 6RFLRORJLMD, %HRJUDG
Ä(NRQRPVNLIDNXOWHW³pass
63
SRGLJQH VWRWLQHNDPHQLKVSRPHQLNDEH]GUYHWD
NRQRSFD L GUXJLK VUHGVWDYD 1L QDXþQLFL WRJ
YUHPHQD QLVX XVSMHOL GD RGJRYRUH NDNR VX VH
QD JRWRYR SXVWRP RVWUYX XVUHG RNHDQD QDãOL
NDPHQLNLSRYL
8 PHÿXYUHPHQX MH RGJRQHWQXWD WD
PLVWHULMD1MHQRVQRYMHQDÿHQXNXOWXULQDþLQX
åLYRWD L ÄLGHRORãNRM SDWRORJLML³ NRMD MH
GRPLQLUDODQD2VWUYX
,VWUDåLYDQMD VX SRND]DOD GD Uskršnje
ostrvo QLMH ELOR SXVWR NDR WDGD NDGD VX JD
PRUHSORYFL RWNULOL 1HNDGD MH QD RVWUYX ELOR
SORGQH]HPOMHSLWNHYRGHãXPD9RGHRNHDQD
VXUDVSRODJDODULERPLPRUVNLPSORGRYLPDQD
RVWUYXVXåLYMHOHIRNHLSWLFH9HJHWDFLMDMHELOD
EXMQD WDNR GD VWDQRYQLFL RVWUYD QLNDNR QLVX
RVNXGLMHYDOLXKUDQLSLüXLGUXJLP UHVXUVLPDL
VUHGVWYLPD QHRSKRGQLP ]D åLYRW /MXGL VX
L]JUDGLOL NXüH L VHOD X NRMLPD VX åLYMHOL
,]JOHGDOR MH GD VX GREUR L VUHWQR åLYMHOL ,SDN
QLMHELORWDNR
3UREOHPL VX QDVWDOL RQGD NDGD VH
GUXãWYR RVWUYD SRGLMHOLOR QD NODQRYH L VORMHYH
8 PHÿXVREQRM L EHVPLVOHQRM NRPSHWLFLML MH
VYDNL NODQ SRþHR GD RGDMH SRþDVW VYRMLP
SUHFLPDWDNRãWRVXSRGL]DOLNDPHQHNLSRYHQD
REDOL 9UHPHQRP MH NXOW NLSRYD  SRVWDMDR VYH
ELWQLMLXNXOWXUQRMPDWULFLOMXGLQD2VWUYXWDNR
GDVXVHNODQRYLSRþHOLWDNPLþLWLþLMLüHNLSRYL
ELWL YHüL 1DUDYQR ]D WDNYR QHãWR MH ELOD
SRWUHEQLMD VYH YHüD NROLþLQD NDPHQD L GUYHWD
NRMHMHVLMHþHQR]QDWQREUåHRGPRJXüQRVWLGD
64
GUYR QDUDVWH 3RWURãQMD UHVXUVD MH ELOD YHüD RG
PRJXüQRVWLQMLKRYRJREQDYOMDQMD
1HNRQWUROLVDQDVMHþDGUYHWDMHGRYHOD GR
HUR]LMH WOD D XGDUL YMHWURYD VX RGQLMHOL SORGQX
]HPOMX 1HVWDOR MH KUDQH L YRGH WDNR GD YLãH
QLVXSRVWRMDOLQHRSKRGQLXVORYL]DåLYRW
7DNR MH ÄNXOWXUQD³ L ÄLGHRORãND
SDWRORJLMD³ LPDOD ]D SRVOMHGLFX L]X]HWQR
SUHWMHUDQXVMHþXãXPDGHYDVWDFLMXGHJUDGDFLMX
L GHVWUXNFLMX SULURGQH åLYRWQH VUHGLQH L åLYRWD
QD 8VNUãQMHP RVWUYX 3ULPMHU VD Uskršnjim
ostrvom SRND]XMH NDNR LGHMQL LGHRORãNL L
NXOWXUQL XWLFDML PRJX GRYHVWL GR XQLãWHQMD
UHVXUVD QHRSKRGQLK ]D åLYRW SD QD WDM QDþLQ L
GRGHVWUXNFLMHLXQLãWHQMDVRSVWYHQRJGUXãWYD 39
3RPHQXüHPRMRãMHGDQSULPMHUYH]DQ]D
SDFLILþNXRVWUYVNXGUåDYX - 1DXUX
3ULMH SROD VWROMHüD VWDQRYQLFL RVWUYD
1DXUX VX ELOL QDMERJDWLML QD VYLMHWX D GDQDV
MHGYD GD SUHåLYOMDYDMX 2VWUYR MH ELOR ERJDWR
IRVIDWRPNRMLVHYHRPDPQRJRWUDåLRLL]YR]LR
QD VYLMHWVNR WUåLãWH 1DNRQ SURJODãHQMD
QH]DYLVQRVWLJRGLQH 1DXUXMHLPDRGUXJL
QDMYHüL%'3SR JODYLVWDQRYQLNDX VYLMHWX YHüL
MH LPDOD VDPR 6DXGLMVND $UDELMD  0HÿXWLP
SUHWMHUDQR QHNRQWUROLVDQR L QHUDFLRQDOQR
HNVSORDWLVDQMH PDWHULMDOD ]D SURGDMX MH GRYHOR
GR QMHJRYRJ  QHVWDQND D WLPH L GR QHVWDQND

39
.3RQWLQJ(NRORãNDLVWRULMDVYHWDäLYRWQDVUHGLQD
LSURSDVWYHOLNLKFLYLOL]DFLMD, %HRJUDG³2GLVHMD´
VWU-
65
QRYFD .DGD VH WRPH GRGD GD VX VH
NRUXPSLUDQH YODGH PLMHQMDOH MHGQD ]D GUXJRP
ERJDWVWYR MH QHVWDOR D QDVWXSLOH VX JRGLQH
VLURPDãWYD ELMHGH L QHLPDãWLQH 'UåDYD MH
VDVYLP RVWDOD EH] QRYFD FHQWUDOQD EDQND MH
EDQNURWLUDOD D LPRYLQD X LQRVWUDQVWYX
]DSOLMHQMHQD  1HPLORVUGQR L QHNRQWUROLVDQR
UXGDUHQMHMH XQLãWLOR SULURGX L NDGDMHQHVWDOR
IRVIDWD QH]DSRVOHQRVW MH VNRþLOD QD RJURPQLK
 8 ;;, YLMHNX MH 1DXUX ]DYLVWDQ RG
PHÿXQDURGQH SRPRüL NDNR EL XRSãWH
HNRQRPVNLRSVWDR 40
7UDJLþQL SULPMHUL Uskršnjeg ostrva L
RVWUYD1DXUX YHRPDXSR]RUDYDMX
$NR XSRUHGLPR QDãX FLYLOL]DFLMX VD
RQRPVDUskršnjeg ostrvaPRJOLELVPRUHüLGD
L]PHÿXQMLKSRVWRMLRGUHÿHQDYH]D,]WUDJLþQRJ
LVNXVWYD Uskršnjeg ostrva L LVNXVWYD RVWUYD
1DXUX VH PRJX L]YXüL RGUHÿHQH SRXNH -HGQD
RG QMLK VH VYDNDNR RGQRVL QD WR GD MH
QHGRSXVWLYD QHNRQWUROLVDQD SRWURãQMD UHVXUVD
MHU EL RQD PRJOD GRYHVWL X SLWDQMH RGUåDYDQMH
åLYRWD
1DãD FLYLOL]DFLMD MH VXRþHQD QH VDPR VD
SUREOHPRP SUHNRPMHUQH SURL]YRGQMH GREDUD
QHJRLVDL]UD]LWRSUHNRPMHUQRPSURL]YRGQMRP
SUREOHPDLUL]LNDNRMLVHMDYOMDMXNDRSRVOMHGLFD
SURL]YRGQMHURED

40
KWWSELJSRUWDOEDSULMH--JRGLQD-ELOL-
VX-QDMERJDWLML-QD-VYLMHWX-D-VDG-MHGYD-SUH]LYOMDYDMX
 
66
 %URMQL VX SUREOHPL V NRMLPD VH QDãD
FLYLOL]DFLMD VXVUHüH D RGQRVH VH QD NXOWXUX L
QDþLQåLYRWD8]PLPRQD SULPMHURWSDG
.DR SRVOMHGLFD SRWURãDþNH RULMHQWDFLMH
VDYUHPHQRJ þRYMHND VWYDUD VH RJURPQD
NROLþLQDNUXWRJWHþQRJLJDVRYLWRJotpada NRML
PHKDQLþNL KHPLMVNL ELRORãNL L UDGLRDNWLYQR
NRQWDPLQLUD SULURGQX VUHGLQX L XJURåDYD
]GUDYOMH HNRVLVWHPD åLYRWLQMD L OMXGL 6HGDP L
SR PLOLMDUGL VWDQRYQLND 3ODQHWH NRML åLYH X
EURMQLP XUEDQLP L UXUDOQLP VUHGLQDPD
JUDGRYLPD L VHOLPD VWYDUDMX GHSRQLMH X NRMH
QDMþHãüH QHNRQWUROLVDQR EDFDMX RWSDG NRML
]DJDÿXMH SULURGX L GRYRGL X SLWDQMH
FLYLOL]DFLMVNLQDSUHGDNLVDPUD]YRM
6YH YHüD SURL]YRGQMD NRQ]XPHULVWLþNLK
SUHGPHWD ]D ]DGRYROMDYDQMH QDãLK SRWUHED
VWYDUD L VYH YHüX NROLþLQX RSWDGD þLMD
NRQFHQWUDFLMD SRWHQFLMDOQR PRåH GD GRYHGH L
GRPQRJLKSUREOHPDRGNRMLKVHMHGDQRGQRVL
QD - genetske promjene ÄýRYMHþDQVWYR VWYDUD
KLOMDGX SXWD YHüL RWSDG QHJR VYD ELRVIHUD
XGYRVWUXþDYDMXüLJDVYDNLKJRGLQD2GUåLOL
VH SRVWRMHüD WHQGHQFLMD L]EDFLYDQMD RWSDGD WR
üH GR  JRGLQH X åLYRWQRM VUHGLQL GRYHVWL
GR XYHüDQMD RORYD  SXWD (NVSRQHQFLMDOQR
QDUDVWDMXüD EXMLFD NRPXQDOQRJ L LQGXVWULMVNRJ
RWSDGD NRML VDGUåL WHãNH PHWDOH L GUXJH
DELRJHQH PDWHULMH QDUXãDYD IRUPLUDQMH

67
JOREDOQLK FLNOXVD L VWYDUD SUHWSRVWDYNH
JHQHWVNLKSURPHQD³ 41
9HOLNL SRUDVW VYMHWVNRJ VWDQRYQLãWYD
QDUXãDYDQMH SULURGQH UDYQRWHåH WHKQRORãNL L
LQGXVWULMVNL UD]YRM GRYRGH GR ]GUDYVWYHQLK
SUREOHPD (NRORãNL SUREOHPL GRYRGH L GR
]GUDYVWYHQLK SUREOHPD OMXGL L REROMHQMD
=DJDÿHQMH þRYMHNRYH RNROLQH YRGH YD]GXKD L
]HPOMH GRYRGL GR ]DJDÿHQMD KUDQH WURYDQMD L
REROLMHYDQMD OMXGL 0HGLFLQDUL LVWLþX GD åLYHüL
X JUDGX X NRMHP MH SULVXWQR YHOLNR
DHUR]DJDÿHQMH QMHJRYL VWDQRYQLFL QDUXãDYDMX
]GUDYOMH NDR GD GQHYQR SRSXãH GYLMH NXWLMH
FLJDUHWD8EU]DQWHPSRåLYRWDLEXNDGRYRGHL
GR - VWUHVRYD GHSUHVLMH L GUXJLK SVLKLþNLK
SRUHPHüDMD,DNRVHåLYRWQLVWDQGDUGSRYHüDYD
NYDOLWHW åLYRWD MH XPDQMHQ QD ãWR XND]XMX
SUREOHPLXSULURGQRMRNROLQL
6D UD]YRMHP SURFHVD XUEDQL]DFLMH
UD]YLMD VH L QHSODQVND L]JUDGQMD X NRMRM åLYH
VLURPDãQL þLMD GMHFD QHPDMX ULMHãHQH SUREOHPH
HNRQRPVNH ]GUDYVWYHQH L VRFLMDOQH ]DãWLWH
ZERJ QHDGHNYDWQLK QHKLJLMHQVNLK L QH]GUDYLK
XVORYD  åLYRWD YHOLNL EURM RGUDVOLK L GMHFH
REROLMHYD L XPLUH 7DNRÿH RNR  PLOLRQD
OMXGL ãLURP VYLMHWD VX EHVNXüQLFL LOL åLYH X

41
9$/LVLþNLQ/$âHOMHSLQ*OREDOQDLPSHULMD]OD
QRYD JHRSROLWLþND UDVSRGHOD VQDJD, %DQMD /XND
Ä8GUXåHQMH VRFLRORJD³ %HRJUDG Ä9DOLGXV³  VWU

68
XVORYLPD NRML XJURåDYDMX QMLKRYR ]GUDYOMH L
åLYRWH
=DKYDOMXMXüL UD]YRMX VDYUHPHQH
SURL]YRGQMH L VDYUHPHQRJ QDþLQD åLYRWD SRG
XWLFDMHP JOREDOL]DFLMH RWSDG VH SURL]YRGL X
HQRUPQR RJURPQLP NROLþLQDPD WDNR GD VH
QDSRPLQMH %DXPDQ  ÄLQGXVWULMD RGODJDQMD
VPHüD VH  QDãOD X YHOLNRP ãNULSFX 7DNYL
QDþLQL UHãDYDQMD SUREOHPD OMXGVNRJ RWSDGD
NRML VX SRVWDOL PRGHUQD WUDGLFLMD YLãH QLVX
L]YRGOMLYL D QRYL QDþLQL MRã XYHN QLVX
L]PLãOMHQLDNDPROLSRþHOLGDVHVSURYRGH'Xå
SURFHSDVYHWVNRJQHUHGDUDVWXJRPLOHOMXGVNRJ
RWSDGD D VYH þHãüL SUYL ]QDFL WHQGHQFLMH ND
VDPR]DSDOMHQMX L VLPSWRPD SUHGVWRMHüH
HNVSOR]LMH³ 9DQGDQD âLYD LVWLþH GD ÄV FLOMHP
LVNRULãüDYDQMD SULURGQLK L]YRUD LOL VNODGLãWHQMD
RWSDGD VWYDUD VH QHSURSRUFLRQDOQR YHOLNL WHUHW
]D VLURPDãQH 8 VYLMHWX JOREDOL]RYDQH
GHUHJXOLVDQH WUJRYLQH X NRMHP MH PRJXüD
WUJRYLQDVYDþLPLXNRMHPMHHNRQRPVNDVQDJD
MHGLQD GHWHUPLQDQWD PRüL L NRQWUROH QMLKRYL
UHVXUVLSUHOD]HXUXNHERJDWLKD]DJDÿHQMHWHþH
XVXSURWQRPVPLMHUX5H]XOWDWWRJDMHJOREDOQL
HQYLURPHQWDOQLDSDUDWKHMG³ 42
*RYRUHüL R ÄSUHGVWRMHüRM HNVSOR]LML³ L
QDGROD]HüRM NDWDNOL]PL ]DQLPOMLYR MH GD
42
= %DXPDQ )OXLGQD OMXEDY R NUKNRVWL OMXGVNLK
YH]D, 1RYL 6DG Ä0HGLWHUUDQ 3XEOLVKLQJ³  VWU
 9 âLYD 6YHW QD LYLFL, X 1D LYLFL – äLYHWL VD
JOREDOQLPNDSLWDOL]PRP 3ULUHGLOL(QWRQL*LGHQVL9LO
+DWRQ %HRJUDGÄ3ODWR³VWU-
69
%DXPDQ NDR L *LGHQV SRPLQMH ILOP Titanik
DOLXUD]OLþLWLPNRQWHNVWLPD
1DLPH *LGHQV JRYRUL R 7LWDQLNX NDR
ILOPX RVWYDUHQMD NXOWXUQH KHJHPRQLMH L
NXOWXUQRJLPSHULMDOL]PD =DSDGDQDGRVWDWNRP
VYLMHWD LPSHULMDOL]PD NRML UD]DUD QDFLRQDOQH
NXOWXUH L LGHQWLWHWH ,VWLþH GD VH IDEXOD ILOPD
RGQRVL QD ÄPRJXüQRVW RVWYDUHQMD URPDQWLþQH
OMXEDYL XSUNRV NODVQLP UD]OLNDPD L SRURGLþQRM
WUDGLFLML³ )LOP SULND]XMH OLþQH RGQRVH SUHPD
EUDNX GRYRGHüL X SLWDQMH ÄVQDJX ORNDOQLK
RELþDMD L WUDGLFLMH³ 1D WDM QDþLQ VH ãLUL
ÄCNXOWXUQLLPSHULMDOL]DPCX NRPHVHYUHGQRVWL
VWLO L SRJOHGL QD VYHW NDUDNWHULVWLþQL ]D =DSDG
WDNR DJUHVLYQR ãLUH GD üH XJXãLWL LQGLYLGXDOQH
QDFLRQDOQHNXOWXUH³ 43
6 GUXJH VWUDQH %DXPDQX MH Titanik
PHWDIRUD ]D GUXãWYR L QMHJRYX ÄVXGELQX³
NDWDVWURILþQHEXGXüQRVWL
'RNMHR7LWDQLNX*LGHQVUDVSUDYOMDRQD
MHGDQ QDþLQ %DXPDQ MH QD $WDOLMHYRP WUDJX
UD]PLãOMDR QD GUXJL QDþLQ $ RQ VH RGQRVL QD
GLVNXUV R GUXãWYHQLP NDWDVWURIDPD RGQRVQR R
NDWDVWURIL GUXãWYD ÄTitanik VPR PL QDãH
WULMXPIDOLVWLþNR VDPR]DGRYROMQR VOHSR
OLFHPHUQR GUXãWYR QHPLORVUGQR SUHPD
VLURPDãQLPD – GUXãWYR X NRPH MH VYH
SUHGYLÿHQR RVLP VUHGVWDYD ]D SUHGYLÿDQMH
6YL VOXWLPR GD SRVWRML OHGHQL EUHJ NRML QDV

43
( *LGHQV 6RFLRORJLMD, %HRJUDG Ä(NRQRPVNL
IDNXOWHW³VWU-
70
þHND VDNULYHQ QHJGH X PDJORYLWRM EXGXüQRVWL
X NRJD üHPR XGDULWL D ]DWLP SRWRQXWL X]
PX]LþNX SUDWQMX³ -Rã MH SURãORJ VWROMHüD
þRYMHþDQVWYR GRãOR GR WDþNH - VDPRXQLãWHQMD
2QR LPD ÄVYD RUXåMD SRWUHEQD ]D NROHNWLYQR
VDPRXELVWYR SODQLUDQR LOL QHSODQLUDQR VYD
SRWUHEQD RUXåMD GD VHEH SRWSXQR XQLãWL D L]D
VHEH RVWDYL SODQHWX RVXÿHQX QD SURSDVW³
%DXPDQ VH VXSURVWDYOMD ãLUHQMX QXNOHDUQRJ
RUXåMD NRMH VH ÄPRåH UD]PMHVWLWL X ELOR NRMHP
RG EURMQLK ORNDOQLK VXNRED V MDVQR QH-
ORNDOL]RYDQLPSRVOMHGLFDPD³ 44
'D EL LVWDNDR YHOLNH SUREOHPH V NRMLPD
VH VXRþDYD þRYMHþDQVWYR ýRPVNL SULKYDWD
PLãOMHQMH DWRPVNLK IL]LþDUD NRML LVWLþX GD VX
QXNOHDUQR RUXåMH L NOLPDWVNH SURPMHQH GYLMH
R]ELOMQH RSDVQRVWL NRMH SULMHWH þRYMHNRYRP
RSVWDQNX
ýRPVNLGHFLGQRLVWLþHÄGDQHSURÿHGDQ
DGDVHQHSRMDYHQRYLGRND]LRWRPHNROLNRMH
NOLPDWVND NUL]D R]ELOMQD³ 1D GUXJRM VWUDQL VH
QDOD]LÄDNWXHOQDSULMHWQMDQXNOHDUDQRJUDWD³ 
6D UD]YRMHP GHVWUXNWLYQH QHROLEHUDOQH
HNRQRPLMH LVWRYUHPHQR VH UD]YLMDMX i
PQRJREURMQL SUREOHPL NRML XJURåDYDMX
RSVWDQDNOMXGVNHFLYLOL]DFLMHDMHGDQRGQMLKVH
RGQRVLQDNOLPDWVNHSURPMHQH
44
= %DXPDQ )OXLGQL VWUDK, 1RYL 6DG Ä0HGLWHUUDQ
3XEOLVKLQJ³VWU

KWWSZZZ\NDFRPQRYRVWQRDP-FRPVNL-
QXNOHDUQR-RUX]MH-NOLPDWVNH-SURPHQH-L-L]JOHGL-]D-
RSVWDQDN  
71
 ,DNR SRVWRMH UD]OLþLWD JOHGLãWD R
X]URFLPD NOLPDWVNLK SURPMHQD – NDR RQD R
WRPHGDVXRQHVDVYLPSULURGQDSRMDYDLOLRQD
GD VX NOLPDWVNH SURPMHQH PLW L REPDQD
PDQLSXODWLYQLK SURMHNWDQDWD QRYRJ VYMHWVNRJ
SRUHWND - LSDN MH MDVQR GD VX RQH  SURL]YRG L
DQWURSRJHQRJ XWLFDMDQDSULURGQXRNROLQX
3UHPD WRP VKYDWDQMX þRYMHN MH VD
VYRMRP SURL]YRGQMRP PDNVLPDOL]DFLMH SURILWD
JODYQL NULYDF JOREDOQRJ ]DJULMDYDQMD 6YRMLP
SURL]YRGQLP DNWLYQRVWLPD ]DJDÿXMH YRGX
YD]GXK WOR L X DWPRVIHUX L]EDFXMH RJURPQH
NROLþLQHJDVRYD NRMLSURL]YRGHHIHNDWÄVWDNOHQH
EDãWH³ ÄJUHHQKRXVH HIIHFW³ NRML MH JODYQL
IDNWRU ]DJULMDYDQMD DWPRVIHUH Ä,QGXVWULMVNH
UD]YLMHQH ]HPOMH VX L QDMYHüL ]DJDÿLYDþL
DWPRVIHUH X NRMX HPLWXMX RJURPQH NROLþLQH
KHPLMVNLK L GUXJLK ãWHWQLK VXSVWDQFL NRMH
GRSULQRVH QDVWDQNXR]RQVNLKUXSDRG NRMLK VH
MHGQD YHOLND  QDOD]L L]QDG $QWDUNWLND YHOLþLQH
WHULWRULMH 6$' ãWR SRMDþDYD L]X]HWQR RSDVQR
]UDþHQMH³ 


% .RYDþHYLü , .RYDþHYLü .OLPDWVNH SURPMHQH
PLWLOLUHDOQRVW  %DQMD/XNDÄ(YURSVNLGHIHQGRORJLMD
FHQWDU ]D QDXþQD SROLWLþND HNRQRPVND VRFLMDOQD
EH]EMHGQRVQD VRFLRORãND L NULPLQRORãND LVWUDåLYDQMD
%DQMD /XND³   VWU  'RVWXSQR QD
KWWSZZZGHIHQGRORJLMD-
EDQMDOXNDFRPILOHV.QMLJD.OLPDWVNHSURPMHQHPLWLOLU
HDOQRVW%UDFR,ULQD.RYDFHYLF%DQMDOXNDSGI
72
 *OREDOQR ]DJULMDYDQMH MH UL]LþQR SR
]GUDYOMHOMXGLLXWRPSRJOHGXVXQDMXJURåHQLML
(YURSOMDQL
=ERJ JOREDOQRJ SRYHüDQMD WHPSHUDWXUH
VWRSDVPUWQRVWLELXVYLMHWXPRJODGDVHSRYHüD
MHU EL JOREDOQR ]DJULMDYDQMH QDMSULMH PRJOR GD
XJUR]LVWDULMHLRVMHWOMLYHRVREHSRVHEQRRQHVD
EROHVWLPD VUFD L EXEUHJD 8  JRGLQL MH
YLãH RG  PLOLRQD RVRED X VYLMHWX ELOR
L]ORåHQR WRSORWQLP XGDULPD ãWR MH ]D 
PLOLRQD YLãH QHJR X  JRGLQL QDYRGL
Zdravlje 24 sata Health24  1HJDWLYDQ XWLFDM
NOLPDWVNLK SURPMHQD SUHGVWDYOMD YLVRN UL]LN ]D
]GUDYOMH OMXGL 8 SURVMHNX MH VYDND RVRED QD
=HPOML ELOD L]ORåHQD PLQLPDOQR  GDQD
WRSORWQRP WDODVX L]PHÿX  L 
JRGLQH 3RUHG RGUDVOLK RVRED L]QDG  JRGLQD
UL]LþQH NDWHJRULMH OMXGL VX RQL NRML åLYH X
JUDGRYLPD RQL NRML LPDMX GLMDEHWHV L VUþDQH
EROHVWL WH KURQLþQH EROHVWL UHVSLUDWRUQLK
RUJDQD 2VREH NRMH åLYH X (YURSL L LVWRþQRP
0HGLWHUDQX VX UDQMLYLML RG RQLK X $IULFL L
MXJRLVWRþQRM$]LML2NR(YURSOMDQDL
RQLKNRMLåLYHQDLVWRþQRP0HGLWHUDQXDNRML
VX VWDULML RG  JRGLQD RVMHWOMLYL VX QD
L]ORåHQRVWNOLPDWVNLPSURPMHQDPDXSRUHÿHQMX
VD  OMXGL X $IULFL L  X MXJRLVWRþQRM
$]LML 


KWWSZZZUWYEQFRPJOREDOQR-]DJULYDQMH-
UL]LFQR-SR-]GUDYOMH-QDMXJUR]HQLML-HYURSOMDQL
 
73
 ,]UD]LWR XWHPHOMHQD QD QHROLEHUDOL]PX
QHJDWLYQD JOREDOL]DFLMD YRGL QHL]EMHåQRM
NDWDVWURIL þRYMHþDQVWYD L ]DWR ãWR OMXGH  OLãDYD
EH]EMHGQRVWL
-DQ $UW âROWH LVWLþH ÄWUL JOREDOQD
HNRORãNDSUREOHPD³
3UYL HNRORãNL SUREOHP VH RGQRVL QD
smanjenje ozona XDWPRVIHUL GUXJLQDglobalno
zagrijavanje SURX]URNRYDQRJ HIHNWRP W]Y
ÄVWDNOHQHEDãWH³DNRMLXWLþXQDNOLPXWDNRãWR
SRYHüDYD WHPSDUDWXUX QD =HPOML RG -
ãWR ]D SRVOMHGLFX LPD SRYHüDQMH QLYRD PRUD
HUR]LMX L]XPLUDQMH YUVWD ãLUHQMD EROHVWL L
SRJRUãDQMH ]GUDYOMD 7UHüL JOREDOQL HNRORãNL
SUREOHP SUHGVWDYOMD JXELWDN ELRORãNH
raznovrsnosti3RVOMHGLFHVXHYLGHQWQHWDNRGD
VX X ;; YLMHNX QHVWDOH WUL þHWYUWLQH XVMHYD ]D
JRGLQDMHEU]LQDQHVWDMDQMDL]QRVLODL]PHÿX
 L  SXWD 8 NDVQLMLP GHFHQLMDPD
;; YLMHND MH JRWRYR VYDNRGQHYQR QHVWDMDOR
L]PHÿXLYUVWD*XELWDNYUVWDVHNUHWDR
RG MHGQH YUVWH JRGLãQMH GR ãHVW YUVWD X 
JRGLQL D X  JRGLQL þDN  YUVWD
JRGLãQMH 6D RYLP HNRORãNLP SUREOHPD
SRYH]DQL VX L GUXJL NDR ãWR VX SRMDYD
UDGLRDNWLYQH SUDãLQH ÄNLVHOLK NLãD³ SRYHüDQMH
SRWURãQMH VYMHåH YRGH WH SUHWYDUDQMH ]HPOMLãWD
XSXVWLQMH 48

48
- $ âROWH *OREDOL]DFLMD NULWLþNL XYRG, 3RGJRULFD
Ä&,'³VWULGDOMH
74
 8 VDYUHPHQRP JOREDOL]DFLMVNRP GREX
VHSRND]XMHGDPQRJHEROHVWLQHVDPRGDQLVX
LVNRULMHQMHQH QHJR VH SRMDYOMXMX L QRYH NRMH
QDVWDMX NDR SRVOMHGLFD JOREDOQH NRQWDPLQDFLMH
YRGH YD]GXKD ]HPOMLãWD L KUDQH 6YH MH YHüD
UH]LVWHQWQRVWYLUXVDLEDNWHULMDQDDQWLELRWLNHD
VYH MH L YHüL EURM RVRED VD RVODEOMHQLP
LPXQRORãNLPVLVWHPRP
2QR ãWR SRVHEQR ]DEULQMDYD MHVWH WR GD
VLURPDãQH ]HPOMH SRVWDMX  GHSRQLMH RWSDGD
NRMHJ Ä]D ãDNX GRODUD³ QD QMLKRYLP
SURVWRULPD RGODåX LQGXVWULMVNL UD]YLMHQH L
ERJDWH ]HPDOMH 3UHWVSRVWDYOMD VH GD 
WRNVLþQRJ RWSDGD SURL]YRGX UD]YLMHQH ]HPOMH
NRMH ]DWLP L]YR]H X QHUD]YLMHQH L VLURPDãQH
]HPOMH 2VLP WRJD X UD]YLMHQLP ]HPOMDPD
SRVWRMH YHRPD VWURJL HNRORãNL ]DNRQL NRMLK
QHPD X QHUD]YLMHQLP ]HPOMDPD WDNR GD WR
SUHGVWDYOMD UD]ORJ ]ERJ NRMHJ ERJDWL SURGDMX
VLURPDãQLPD UD]OLþLWH YUVWH RWSDGD ]D QMHJRYR
VNODGLãWHQMH ]DWUSDYDQMH LOL VSDOMLYDQMH
8SUDYR ]ERJ WRJD MH $]LMD SRVWDOD ÄQDMYHüH
ÿXEULãWHRWSDGDVD=DSDGD³ 49
3RVWDMXüL ÄQDMYHüLPÿXEULãWHPRWSDGDVD
ZDSDGD³ VLURPDãQH ]HPOMH SRVWDMX L
NRQWDPLQLUDQLP SRGUXþMHP SRMDYH L ãLUHQMD
UD]OLþLWLKREROMHQMD

49
9 âLYD 6YHW QD LYLFL, X 1D LYLFL åLYHWL VD
NDSLWDOL]PRP 3ULUHGLOL 9LO +DWRQ L (QWRQL *LGHQV 
%HRJUDGÄ3ODWR³VWU
75
 9HOLNL SUREOHP NRML VH UD]YLMD VD
UD]YRMHPOMXGVNHLVWRULMHRGQRVLVHQDPDVRYQR
L]XPLUDQMHYUVWD
-XYDO 1RD +DUDUL JRYRUL R „talasima
LVWUHEOMHQMD³ NRMH MH SURX]URNRYDR þRYMHN
,VWLþH WUL talasa istrebljenja – SUYL NRML VH
RGYLMDR VD ãLUHQMHP VDNXSOMDþNH SULYUHGH
GUXJLNRMLVHRGYLMDRãLUHQMHPSROMRSULYUHGHL
WUHüL NRML MH ]DSRþHR VD SRþHFLPD UD]YRMD
LQGXVWULMDOL]DFLMH 6HPDQWLþND SULþD GD MH
þRYMHN åLYLR ÄX VDJODVMX VD SULURGRP³ QLMH
WDþQD MHU SURFHV LVWUHEOMLYDQMD ÄYHüLQH ELOMQLK L
åLYRWLQMVNLK YUVWD³ ]DSRþHR ]QDWQR SULMH
LQGXVWULMVNH UHYROXFLMH =DWR Homo sapiensa
ÄELMH QH EDã GREDU JODV QDMVPUWRQRVQLMH YUVWH
QDSODQHWL³ 
'DQDV QHROLEHUDOQL SUHGDWRUVNL L
GHVWUXNWLYQLNDSLWDOL]DPXQLãWDYDVYH– SULURGX
UHVXUVH ELOMQH L åLYRWLQMVNH YUVWH 3RG
KLGUDXOLþQLP SULWLVNRP QMHJRYH SDUDGLJPH
GROD]LGRPDVRYQRJL]XPLUDQMDYUVWD
1DXþQLFL XSR]RUDYDMX GD MH YHRPD
GUDPDWLþQR L L]X]HWQR DODUPDQWQR VWDQMH MHU VH
SUHG QDãLP RþLPD RGYLMD ãHVWR PDVRYQR
L]XPLUDQMH YUVWD X GRVDGDãQMRM LVWRULML SODQHWH
=HPOMH
8 WRNX MH ÄELRORãNR XQLãWHQMH³
åLYRWLQMVNLKYUVWDNRMHVHRGYLMDNDRSRVOMHGLFD
HNVWUHPQRJ JOREDOQRJ UD]DUDQMD L XQLãWDYDQMD


-1+DUDUL6DSLMHQVNUDWNDLVWRULMDOMXGVNRJURGD,
%HRJUDGÄ%LEOLRQHU³VWU
76
SULURGQHRNROLQH JXELWNDVWDQLãWD XJURåDYDQMD
ELRGLYHU]LWHWD GHPRJUDIVNH SUHQDSXþHQRVWL
SRVWRMDQMD LQYD]LYQLK RUJDQL]DPD ]DJDÿHQMD
]DWURYDQRVWL XþHVWDOLK NOLPDWVNLK SURPMHQD
SRYHüDQMD UDGLMDFLMH LWG 5LMHþ MH R XPLUDQMX
PLOLMDUGLUD]OLþLWLKMHGLQNL 7DMSURFHVMHPQRJR
LQWHQ]LYQLMLQHJRãWRVHPLVOLOR
3UHPD PLãOMHQMX 'DQLMHOD 5RWPDQD
SURIHVRUDJHRIL]LNHþRYMHþDQVWYRLPDMRãVDPR
 JRGLQH GD ULMHãL SLWDQMH VYRJ RSVWDQND QD
=HPOML
5RWPDQRYD DQDOL]D VH RGQRVL QD
SUREOHP SUHYHOLNH NRQFHQWUDFLMH XJOMHQLND X
RNHDQLPD ,]UDþXQDR MH GD üH RNHDQL XVNRUR
VDGUåDWL WROLNX NRQFHQWUDFLMX XJOMHQLND GD üH
PDVRYQL SRPRU ELWL VDVYLP QHPLQRYDQ 7YUGL
GD MH X SRVOHGQMLK  PLOLRQD JRGLQD SODQHWD
SUHWUSMHOD SHW WDNYLK GRJDÿDMD XNOMXþXMXüL
LVWUHEOMHQMH GLQRVDXUXVD D GD VH QDMJRUL
PDVRYQL SRPRU GRJRGLR SULMH  PLOLRQD
JRGLQDNDGDMHRGXPUORPDULQVNRJåLYRWD
]ERJ QDJORJ SRYHüDQMD NLVHORVWL RNHDQD
6PDWUD GD NULWLþQD NROLþLQD XJOMHQLND X
RNHDQLPDL]QRVLJLJDWRQDGRNVHWUHQXWQR
QDOD]LRNR JLJDWRQDRYRJHOHPHQWD=DWRL
LVWLþH GD üH NUDMHP YLMHND FLNOXV NUXåHQMD
XJOMHQLND GRYHVWL GR SULURGQH NDWDVWURIH
3RGVMHüD GD MH þRYMHþDQVWYR RG SHULRGD
LQGXVWULMVNH UHYROXFLMH HPLWRYDOR X DWPRVIHUX
 PLOLMDUGL WRQD XJOMHQ-GLRNVLGD ãWR MH
MHGQDNR NROLþLQL XJOMD NRMD EL VH SURVWLUDOD RG
SROMD YHOLþLQH [ PHWUD QD =HPOML GR
77
0MHVHFD UD]GDOMLQD RG 
NLORPHWDUD  3RORYLQD HPLWRYDQH NROLþLQH
XJOMHQ-GLRNVLGDRVWDODMHX=HPOMLQRMDWPRVIHUL
X]URNXMXüLSXWDEUåLSRUDVWWRJJDVDRGELOR
NRMHNDWDVWURIHNRMDMH]DGHVLODQDãXSODQHWX 

KWWSELJSRUWDOEDLPDPR-PDOR-YUHPHQD-
QDXFQLN-L]UDFXQDR-NDGD-FH-FRYMHFDQVWYR-QHVWDWL
  *RGLãQMH VH SURL]YHGH - PLOLMDUGL
WRQD XJOMHQ-GLRNVLGD NRML SURX]URNXMH W]Y efekat
staklene bašte 6PDWUD VH GD XNROLNR VH QDVWDYL
SRVWRMHüRPEU]LQRPSURL]YRGLWLLHPLWRYDWLXDWPRVIHUX
&2 YUOR EU]R üH VH RVMHWLWL SRVOMHGLFH JOREDOQRJ
]DJULMDYDQMD , PDGD GUYHüH DSVRUEXMH XJOMHQ-GLRNVLG
LSDN HNRQRPVND SURL]YRGQMD XJOMHQ GLRNVLGD QH PRåH
DSVRUERYDWL VYX SURL]YHGHQX NROLþLQX 2VLP WRJD QD
=HPOML QHPD YLãH QHRSKRGQRJ VORERGQRJ SURVWRUD ]D
VDÿHQMH WROLNH NROLþLQH GUYHüD NRMH EL PRJOR GD QDV
VSDVH RG RSDVQRVWL JOREDOQRJ ]DJULMDYDQMD RG q
&HO]LMXVRYD 3RYHüDQMH WHPSHUDWXUH EL PRJOR GD
SURX]URNXMH EURMQH UD]RUQH ãXPVNH SRåDUH HNVWUHPQH
YUHPHQVNH SULOLNH VXãH ROXMH .DGD EL VH ]DVDGLOR
 NYDGUDWQLK NLORPHWDUD ãXPH WD SRYUãLQD
SULEOLåQR MH MHGQDND SRYUãLQL NRQWLQHQWDOQRJ GLMHOD
6$' L SRORYLQL XNXSQH SRYUãLQH X VYLMHWX NRMD MH
QDPLMHQMHQD XVMHYLPD  XNORQLOL ELVPR WHN  PLOLMDUGH
WRQD XJOMHQ-GLRNVLGD L] DWPRVIHUH JRGLãQMH ãWR MH
RWSULOLNH QHJGMHRNR WUHQXWQHJRGLãQMHSURL]YRGQMH
&2 7ROLNH NROLþLQH GUYHüD QH EL VSULMHþLOR SUREOHP
DOL EL JD XEODåLOR SRVWRMHüL SUREOHP EL L GDOMH RVWDR
QHULMHãHQ V RE]LURP QD WR GD OMXGVND SRSXODFLMD
QHSUHVWDQR UDVWH SRYHüDYD VH L SRWUHED ]D SORGQRP
]HPOMRPãR ]QDþLGDQHPDPMHVWD]DVDÿHQMHãXPHâWD
üH RQGD þRYMHþDQVWYR XUDGLWL – WHãNR MH UHüL DOL QHãWR
PRUDXþLQLWL>KWWSELJSRUWDOEDX-YD]GXKX-
MH-WROLNR-FR-GD-QRYH-VXPH-YLVH-QH-PRJX-GD-QDV-
VSDVX]  
78
 5H]XOWDWLQRYLMLKVWXGLMDRL]XPLUDQMXQD
3ODQHWL]HPOMLVXDODUPDQWQL
2QL SRND]XMX GD VX QDMYHüH DOL L
QDMPDQMH åLYRWLQMH QDML]ORåHQLMH SULMHWQML
L]XPLUDQMD XSUDYR ]ERJ þRYMHNRYH DNWLYQRVWL
QD PODQHWL QD ãWR XSR]RUDYD PHÿXQDURGQD
VWXGLMD REMDYOMHQD X DPHULþNRP QDXþQRP
þDVRSLVX Proceeding of the National Academy
RI 6FLHQFHV 31$6  1DUDYQR WL JXELFL üH
L]D]YDWLSURPMHQHXHNRVLVWHPLPDãXPDVWHSD
RNHDQD ULMHND L SRWRND NRML þLQH ÄDUKLWHNWXUX
åLYRJVYLMHWD³3ODQHWH 0HÿXYHRPDXJURåHQLP
JUXSDPD QDOD]H VH VLVDUL SWLFH JPL]DYFL
YRGR]HPFL NDR L ULEH NDNR NRãWXQMDþH WDNR L
KUVNDYLþQMDþH NDR ãWR VX PRUVNL SVL L UDåH
1DMYHüLP åLYRWLQMVNLP YUVWDPD QD SODQHWL VX
QDMYHüD SULMHWQMD ORYFL D ]D  PDOLK YUVWD
SRJXEQL VX åHWYD L ULERORY 3RVHEQR VX
XJURåHQHPDQMHYUVWHNRMHåLYHXVODWNRYRGQLP
VWDQLãWLPD 
ýRYMHþDQVWYR VH VXRþDYD VD EURMQLP
L]D]RYLPD
1D SLWDQMH ãWD VPDWUDMX QDMYHüLP
SULMHWQMDPD ]D þRYMHþDQVWYR   GRELWQLND
1REHORYH QDJUDGH QDYHOL VX UL]LNH NRML
SUHGYLÿDMXNUDM OMXGVNHYUVWH


KWWSVQHWKUGDQDV]QDQRVWL]XPLUDQMH-QD-SODQHWX-
]HPOML-UH]XOWDWL-QDMQRYLMH-VWXGLMH-VX-DODUPDQWQL-
FRYMHFDQVWYR-EL-WUHEDOR-UHDJLUDWL  
79
 x prenaseljenost – þDN WUHüLQD
YMHUXMH GD üH SUHQDVHOMHQRVW
XQLãWLWLåLYRW
x XQLãWDYDQMH åLYRWQH VUHGLQH
izazvane klimatskim promjenama
– PLãOMHQMH MH RVDPQDHVW
GRELWQLND1REHORYHQDJUDGH
x QXNOHDUQL UDW –  RGVWR
GRELWQLND 1REHORYH QDJUDGH MH
WRJPLãOMHQMD
x infektivne bolesti L otpornost na
lijekove – SUHGVWDYOMDMX QDMYHüH
SUHWQMH SR JOREDOQR ]GUDYOMH L
EH]EMHGQRVW KUDQH MH PLãOMHQMH
þHWYRULFHQREHORYDFD
x VHELþQRVW L neiskrenost – QDYRGL
þHWYRURQREHORYDFD
x neobrazovani lideri
x terorizam
x neznanje LL]REOLþDYDQMHLVWLQH
x YMHãWDþNDLQWHOLJHQFLMD
x nejednakost
x strah od nove zarazne droge
x SRSXOL]DP L SROLWLþND

polarizacija
3UHPD MHGQRP VKYDWDQMX SRVWRML deset
ÄYHOLNLK L]D]RYD³ V NRMLPD üH VH þRYMHþDQVWYR
XEU]R GRJRGLQH VXRþLWL

KWWSELJSRUWDOEDGRELWQLFL-QREHORYH-
QDJUDGH-RSLVDOL-NDNR-FH-FRYHFDQVWYR-QHVWDWL
 
80
 JHQHWVND PRGLILNDFLMD OMXGL -
]DPLãOMHQL FLOM MH SULPMHQD
QHRSKRGQLK WHKQRORJLMD X L]PMHQL
'1. V FLOMHP OLMHþHQMD EROHVWL NDR
ãWR MH UHFLPR UDN PHÿXWLP
SUREOHPRVWDMHRWYRUHQLP XNROLNREL
VH RYR LVNRULVWLOR X QHNH QHKXPDQH
VYUKH
 VWDURVW SRSXODFLMH MH YHüD QHJR
ranije – XEXGXüQRVWLQHüHVDPRELWL
YLãH OMXGL QHJR L VWDULMLK RVRED
NRMLPDüHELWLSRWUHEQDPHGLFLQVNDL
GUXJDQMHJD
3. L]JXEOMHQL JUDGRYL – NOLPDWVNH
SURPMHQH üH GRYRGLWL GR SRYHüDQMD
QLYRDPRUDQHVWDQNDQHNLKJUDGRYD
SRSODYDSRVHEQHL]JUDGQMHREMHNDWD
NOLPDWVNH L]EMHJOLFH üH SUHGVWDYOMDWL
SUREOHP NRML EL PRJDR GRYHVWL GR
NRQIOLNDWDLVXNRED
 HYROXFLMD GUXãWYHQLK PHGLMD – MRã üH
YLãHXJURåDYDWLVIHUXSULYDWQRVWLNDR
ãWR üH L cyber QDVLOMH SRVWDWL
þRYMHNRYRP VYDNRGQHYLFRP WR üH
SUHGVWDYOMDWL L SUREOHP NRML üH VH
SRVWDYLWL SUHG ]DNRQRGDYVWYRP
SUDYRVXÿHP L EH]EMHGQRVQLP
VOXåEDPD
5. QRYH JHRSROLWLþNH WHQ]LMH – NRMH üH
GRYHVWL GR PLJULUDQMD L L]EMHJOLãWYD
QDFLRQDOL]PD NDR L GR XJURåDYDQMD
EH]EMHGQRVWL
81
6. EXGXüQRVWDXWRPRELOD– NRMLKüHELWL
VYH YLãH NDR L RQLK EH] YR]DþD D
NRML üH ]DKWLMHYDWL LQIUDVWUXNWXUQH
SUHGXVORYH NDR L HILNDVQX ERUEX
SURWLYSRUDVWD]DJDÿHQMD
7. QHVWDQDN UHVXUVD - QRYH WHKQRORJLMH
LPDüH SRWUHEX ]D NRULãWHQMHP
VDYUHPHQLK PDWHULMDOD SRVHEQR
ULMHWNLK PHWDOD  NRML üH VH LVFUSLWL L
VWYRULWLEURMQHSUREOHPH
8. QDVHOMDYDQMH GUXJLK VYMHWRYD – NRMH
üH VWYRULWL þLWDY QL] SURPMHQD QD
QDãRM3ODQHWL
 MDþD PHQWDOQD VQDJD – LDNR
NRULVWLPR RGUHÿHQH VWLPXODQVH NDR
ãWR MH QD SULPMHU NDID LSDN
IDUPDFHXWVNL SURL]YRGL L WHKQRORãNL
LPSODQWDQWL üH QDP SRPDJDWL GD
EXGHPR IRNXVLUDQL GD ]QDWQR EUåH
PLVOLPR L NRULVWLPR PR]DN L]QDG
QRUPDOQLK OMXGVNLK PRJXüQRVWL V
GUXJHVWUDQHXSRWUHEDWLKVWLPXODQVD
X EXGXüQRVWL üH RWYRULWL QL] HWLþNLK
SUDYQLK HNRQRPVNLK L VRFLMDOQLK
SLWDQMD
 XWLFDM YMHãWDþNH LQWHOLJHQFLMH na naš
åLYRW– ]DNRMXQHNLYMHUXMXGDPRåH
SRVWDWL PRüQLMD RG OMXGVNH GD MH
þRYMHNQHPRåHNRQWUROLVDWLãWRRSHW
QDYRGL QD UD]PLãOMDQMH R HWLþNLP L

82
 VRFLMDOQLP LPSOLNDFLMDPD QMHQH
XSRWUHEH 
1DYHãüHPR L GHVHW SULMHWQML NRMH PRJX
XQLãWLWL 3ODQHWX
3UHPD]QDþDMQRPPLãOMHQMXQDXþQLNDVD
.HPEULGåD QDV PRåH XQLãWLWL JODG URERWL
XELFH DVWHURLGL L WLUDQL äLYLPR X RSDVQLP
YUHPHQLPDLWRWDNYLPDGDVHQHULMHWNRJRYRUL
R SURSDVWL VYLMHWD ]ERJ QHNH SULURGQH LOL
þRYMHNRPL]D]YDQHNDWDVWURIH
1DXþQLFL VD .HPEULGåD VX QDYHOL GHVHW
QDMYHüLK UL]LND NRML SULMHWH RSVWDQNX
þRYMHþDQVWYD
 YMHãWDþND LQWHOLJHQFLMD üH SUHX]HWL
svijet – PDãLQHüHLPDWLLQWHOLJHQFLMX
UD]YLMHQLMX L QH]DYLVQX RG þRYMHND L
SURFMHQMXMX VH GD üH PDãLQH
UDVSRODJDWL VD  OMXGVNH
LQWHOLJHQFLMH YHü GR  RVLP
WRJDNDRSRVHEQDRSDVQRVWVHLVWLþH
UL]LN RG YMHãWDþNH LQWHOLJHQFLMH NRMD
üHSRYHüDWLRVWDOHUL]LNH
 VXSHUYLUXV – ]DNRMHJVHLVWLþHGDMH
L]X]HWQR RSDVDQ WH GD SUHPD
QMHPXSDQGHPLMDNXJHL]JOHGDNDR
RELþQD SUHKODGD MHGDQ RG
QDMSURXþDYDQLMLK UL]LND MH RQDM X
NRMHP VH SRMDYOMXMH SULURGQD LOL
YMHãWDþNL L]D]YDQD SDQGHPLMD


KWWSVZZZRVORERGMHQMHEDRWHKQRORJLMDQDXNDGHV
HW-YHOLNLK-L]D]RYD-FRYMHFDQVWYD-GR-  
83
 SUHWSRVWDYOMD VH GD EL VHYMHãWDþNL
VWYRUHQ L QD YMHãWDþNL QDþLQ
SREROMãDQL YLUXV PRJDR RWHWL
NRQWUROLLOLÄSREMHüL³L]ODERUDWRULMH
UL]LN MH YHüL MHU YLUXVL UDVSRODåX
VSRVREQRãüX ODNRJUD]PQRåDYDQMD
 URERWL VWYDUDMX PRüQX YRMVNX –
GDQDV YHü SRVWRML RUXåMH NRMLP
XSUDYOMD YMHãWDþND LQWHOLJHQFLMD
JUDQLFX L]PHÿX 6MHYHUQH L -XåQH
.RUHMH þXYDMX URERWL]LUDQL þXYDUL
NRML PRJX SXFDWL SRYHüDQL UL]LN VH
RGQRVL QD WR GD RUXåMH SRVWDMH VYH
MHIWLQLMHSDLGRVWXSQLMH
 QXNOHDUQLVXNRE – ELGRYHRGRNUDMD
UD]YRMD QDãH SODQHWDUQH FLYLOL]DFLMH
NRQIOLNWL L SRYHüDQH WHQ]LMH SRVWRMH
L]PHÿX 6$' L 5XVLMH NRMH
UDVSRODåX VD  VYMHWVNRJ
QXNOHDUQRJ DUVHQDOD  ,QGLMH L
3DNLVWDQD JOREDOQL UL]LN VH RGQRVL
QH VDPR QD UDGLMDFLMX NRMRM EL ELOD
L]ORåHQD SRGUXþMD NRMD EL ELOD
PHWRPQHJRVHWDMUL]LNRGQRVLLQD
QXNOHDUQX ]LPX NRMD EL ]DKYDWLOD
FLMHOX3ODQHWX
 klimatske promjene - UHPHWH
LQIUDVWUXNWXUX D QDMYHüL UL]LN VH
RGQRVL QD L]XPLUDQMH YUVWD ãWR üH
SRUHPHWLWL HNRVLVWHPH X WROLNRM
PMHUL GD üH GRYHVWL X RSDVQRVW
þRYMHND LOL QHNL QMHPX NOMXþDQ
84
 UHVXUV WR EL PRJOR L]D]YDWL L UDW
QXNOHDUQLP RUXåMHP L SUHPD WRPH
XQLãWHQMHþRYMHþDQVWYD
 XGDU DVWHURLGD QD =HPOMX – EL
VYDNDNR PRJDR L]D]YDWL SURSDVW
þRYMHþDQVWYD
 postojanje vanzemaljaca – DNR
QLVPR MHGLQD LQWHOLJHQWQD YUVWD X
VYHPLUXGDOLVPRVLJXUQLXSRJOHGX
ÄVXVUHWD³ VD GUXJLP VYHPLUVNLP
LQWHOLJHQWQLPELüLPD
 nestašica hrane – VD UDVWXüLP
SRYHüDQMHP EURMD VWDQRYQLNDQD
3ODQHWL NOLPDWVNLP SURPMHQDPD L
GUXJLP SUREOHPLPD SURX]URNRYDüH
VH PDVRYQR JODGRYDQMH LDNR EL
WUHEDOR XQDSULMHGLWL WHKQRORJLMX
SURL]YRGQMHKUDQHLSDNUL]LFLYH]DQL
]D QMX RVWDMX SUREOHP RVLP WRJD
]ERJSRWUDåQMHKUDQHUDVWüHLFLMHQH
ãWR RSHW PRåH GRYHVWL GR JODGL L
JOREDOQLKQHPLUD LVXNRED
 nestanak svemira – NRML EL ELR
SURX]URNRYDQ SRVWRMDQMHP YDNXPD
NRMLELXVLVDRVDYSRVWRMHüLVYHPLU
 vladar tiranin – NRML EL QDUXãDYDR
JOREDOQXEH]EMHGQRVWLVLJXUQRVW 


KWWSVZZZYHFHUQMLKUWHFKVFL-SULMHWQML-NRMH-
PRJX-XQLVWLWL-]LYRW-QD-]HPOML-SDQGHPLMH-DVWHURLGL-
NOLPDWVNH-SURPMHQH-LOL-MH-VYH-VDPR-PDWUL[-
 
85
 1DYHãüHPRLPLãOMHQMH6WLYHQD+RNLQJD
NRML XSR]RUDYD QD WUL SRMDYH NRMH PRJX
XQLãWLWL þRYMHþDQVWYRDWRVX:
 YMHãWDþNDLQWHOLJHQFLMD
 OMXGVNDDJUHVLYQRVWL
 vanzemaljci.
.DGDMHXSLWDQMXYMHãWDþNDLQWHOLJHQFLMD
+RNLQJ LVWLþH GD MH PDOL EURM QDXþQLND L
LVWUDåLYDþD LVWLQVNL ]DEULQXW ]ERJ ÄMDNH³
YMHãWDþNH LQWHOLJHQFLMH NRMD EL PRJOD
NRQNXULVDWL OMXGVNRM LQWHOLJHQFLMD SD þDN MH L
QDGPDãLWL +RNLQJ GHFLGQR   XSR]RUDYD GD EL
UD]YRM SUDYH YMHãWDþNH LQWHOLJHQFLMH VWYDUQR
PRJDR SUHGVWDYOMDWL YHOLNX HJ]LVWHQFLMDOQX
EH]EMHGQRVQX SULMHWQMX L  Ä]QDþLWL NUDM
þRYMHþDQVWYD³8WRPVPLVOXVX 6WLYHQ+RNLQJ
,ORQ0DVNLGUXJLQDXþQLFLLWHKQROR]LSRWSLVDOL
VX RWYRUHQR SLVPR XSR]RUDYDMXüL QD RSDVQRVWL
RG YMHãWDþNH LQWHOLJHQFLMH Ä=ERJ YHOLNRJ
SRWHQFLMDOD XPMHWQH LQWHOLJHQFLMH L]QLPQR MH
YDåQR LVWUDåLWL NDNR SRåQMHWL SUHGQRVWL D
L]EMHüL SRWHQFLMDOQH RSDVQRVWL³ 2YR SLVPR MH
REMDYLR )XWXUH RI /LIH ,QVWLWXWH RUJDQL]DFLMD
NRMD VH DQJDåXMH QD SRGUXþMLPD VPDQMLYDQMD
SULMHWQML]DRSVWDQDNþRYMHþDQVWYD0HÿXWLPV
GUXJH VWUDQH PQRJL QDXþQLFL LVWUDåLYDþL L
VWUXþQMDFLNRMLUD]YLMDMXYMHãWDþNX LQWHOLJHQFLMX
NDåX NDNR QLVPR ]D VDGD QL EOL]X WRJD GD
ELVPR PRJOL QDSUDYLWL GRYROMQR ÄSDPHWQX³
YMHãWDþNXLQWHOLJHQFLMX'UXJDRSDVQRVWQDNRMX
XSR]RUDYD +RNLQJ RGQRVL VH QD OMXGVNX
agresivnost. 6PDWUD GD OMXGVND DJUHVLMD PRåH
86
GDXQLãWLFLYLOL]DFLMX7DNRELNDRL]UD]OMXGVNH
DJUHVLYQRVWLQDSULPMHUMHGDQYHOLNLQXNOHDUQL
UDWPRJDRGRNUDMþLWLFLYLOL]DFLMXLXQLãWLWLOMXGH
=HPOMLQHSODQHWH,NRQDþQRWUHüDRSDVQRVWVH
RGQRVL QD vanzemaljce +RNLQJ LVWLþH GD DNR
LQWHOLJHQWDQ YDQ]HPDOMVNL åLYRW SRVWRML X
VYHPLUX QH ELVPR JD KWMHOL VUHVWL Ä$NR QDV
L]YDQ]HPDOMFLLNDGSRVMHWHPLVOLPGDüHLVKRG
ELWL VOLþDQ RQRPH NDR NDG MH &KULVWRIRU
.ROXPER SUYL SXW GRãDR X $PHULNX ãWR QLMH
LVSDOR MDNR GREUR ]D ,QGLMDQFH³ +RNLQJ LVWLþH
GDELQDSUHGQD YDQ]HPDOMVNDFLYLOL]DFLMDPRJOD
SRVWDWL QRPDGVND D WL SXWQLFL EL YMHURMDWQR
KWMHOL SRUD]LWL L NRORQL]RYDWL VYDNX SODQHWX QD
NRMX EL VOHWMHOL Ä$NR MH WDNR LPD VPLVOD GD
LVNRULVWH VYDNL QRYL SODQHW ]D PDWHULMDO ]D
JUDGQMX ãWR YLãH VYHPLUVNLK EURGRYD NDNR EL
PRJOL QDVWDYLWL GDOMH³ +RNLQJ VPDWUD GD
LVWUDåLYDQMH VYHPLUD PRåH ELWL ]QDþDMQR ]ERJ
JDUDQFLMHRSVWDQNDþRYMHþDQVWYDÄ9MHUXMHPGD
GXJRURþQD EXGXüQRVW OMXGVNH UDVH PRUD ELWL
SURVWRU WH GD SUHGVWDYOMD YDåDQ åLYRWQRJ
RVLJXUDQMD]DQDãHEXGXüHSUHåLYOMDYDQMHMHUEL
WR PRJOR VSULMHþLWL QHVWDQDN þRYMHþDQVWYD
NRORQL]LUDQMHPGUXJHSODQHWH³ 
1D RSDVQRVWL NRMH VRERP QRVL XSRWUHED
YMHãWDþNHLQWHOLJHQFLMHXSR]RUDYDRMHLDPHULþNL
GUåDYQLN +HQUL.LVLQGåHU


KWWSVQHWKUGDQDV]QDQRVWGYLMH-PR]HPR-VSULMHFLWL-
DOL-WUHFX-VWHSKHQ-KDZNLQJ-XSR]RUDYD-QD-WUL-VWYDUL-NRMH-
PRJX-XQLVWLWL-FRYMHFDQVWYR  
87
 .DGD MH X SLWDQMX UD]YRM YMHãWDþNH
LQWHOLJHQFLMH LQWHUHVDQWQR MH GD VH RYRP
SUREOHPX GDQDV YLãH EDYH WHKQRORãNL VWUXþQMDFL
D ]QDWQR PDQMH VWUXþQMDFL KXPDQLVWLþNLK QDXND
=DSUDYR RYL GUXJL VX JRWRYR LVWLVQXWL L] RYH
SUREOHPDWLNH 3ULURGQH QDXNH QDVWRMH GD QRYH
WHKQRORJLMH LVNRULVWH ]D QRYH UH]XOWDWH L QRYD
VYH UD]YLMHQLMD SRVWLJQXüD NRMD VX QHRSKRGQD L
NRUSRUDFLMDPD NDNR EL RVWYDULYDOH SURILW
*UDQLFH RWNULüD VH VYH YLãH ãLUH X RGQRVX QD
VSR]QDMH QMLKRYLK SRVOMHGLFD *RWRYR VH L QH
UD]PLãOMD R HWLþNLP QRUPDPD $OL DNR VH QH
SUHGX]PXPMHUHGDVHXWYUGHVYUKDLSRVOMHGLFH
UD]YRMDYMHãWDþNHLQWHOLJHQFLMHOMXGVNRGUXãWYR
üH VH VXRþLWL VD SUREOHPLPD NRML üH VH QDüL
SRWSXQR YDQ OMXGVNRJ SRLPDQMD 8PMHVWR GD
EXGX VUHGVWYR LVSXQMDYDQMD SURPLãOMHQLK
FLOMHYD WHKQRORJLMH üH GRüL X VLWXDFLMX GD
REOLNXMX GUXãWYHQH YULMHGQRVWL 8RVWDORP WR
YHü XSRWUHED L XWLFDM LQWHUQHWD QD OMXGVNR
UD]PLãOMDQMH SRND]XMH 6WYDUDQMH L UD]YLMDQMH
PDãLQD NRMH EL ELOH X VWDQMX GD UMHãDYDMX
VORåHQH SUREOHPH RSRQDãDMXüL SURFHVH X
OMXGVNRP XPX XVWDQRYOMDYDMX VYRMH FLOMHYH L
VWUDWHãNL SURVXÿXMX R EXGXüQRVWL GDOHNR
QDGLOD]H DXWRPDWL]DFLMX =D SULPMHU .LVLQGåHU
X]LPD DXWRPRELOH EH] YR]DþD NRML QDMEROMH
LOXVWUXMH UD]OLNX L]PHÿX GMHORYDQMD
WUDGLFLRQDOQLK NRPSMXWHUD VQDEGMHYHQLK
VRIWYHURP NRML NRQWUROLãX OMXGL L VYLMHWD SUHPD
NRMHP LGH YMHãWDþND LQWHOLJHQFLMD 8SUDYR
YRåQMD DXWRPRELOD ]DKWLMHYD GRQRãHQMH RGOXND
88
X EURMQLP VLWXDFLMDPD NRMH MH QHPRJXüH
SUHGYLGMHWLLWDNRXQDSULMHGLVSURJUDPLUDWLÄâWD
EL VH GHVLOR GD VH SRVOXåLPR GREUR SR]QDWLP
KLSRWHWLþNLPSULPHURPDNRMHWDNDYDXWRPRELO
SULQXÿHQ VSOHWRP RNROQRVWL GD L]DEHUH L]PHÿX
XELVWYDVWDURJþRYHNDLXELVWYDGHWHWD".RJDEL
L]DEUDR]DãWRLGDOLELPRJDRGDREMDVQLVYRMH
UD]ORJH"0LQHPDPRRGJRYRUHQDRYDSLWDQMD
D LSDN DXWRPRELOL EH] YR]DþD üH SR VYRM
SULOLFL SRVWDWL GRPLQDQWQL QD SXWHYLPD ]D
GHVHWDN JRGLQD³ 7DNR VH SRND]XMH GD SRVWRML
RSDVQRVWRGJXELWNDOMXGVNH svrhe-DVQRMH GD
üHYMHãWDþNDLQWHOLJHQFLMDGRQLMHWLYHOLNHNRULVWL
PHGLFLQL REH]EMHÿLYDQMX HNRORãNH HQHUJLMH
NDRLPQRJLPGUXJLPREODVWLPDÄ$OLEDã]DWR
ãWRYHãWDþNDLQWHOLJHQFLMDSURVXÿXMHRMRãXYHN
QHRGUHÿHQRM EXGXüQRVWL QHL]YHVQRVW L
GYRVPLVOHQRVWL VX VYRMVWYHQH QMHQLP
UH]XOWDWLPD³ LVWLþH .LVLQGåHU L QDYRGL WUL
SRGUXþMD ]D NRMH VPDWUD GD L]D]LYDMX
]DEULQXWRVW 3UYR VH RGQRVL QD RSDVQRVW GD
]ERJ QHGRVWDWND NRQWHNVWD NRML MH VYRMVWYHQ
OMXGVNRP UD]PLãOMDQMX YMHãWDþND LQWHOLJHQFLMD
SRJUHãQR UD]XPijH OMXGVNH LQVWUXNFLMH 8 WRP
VPLVOX QDYRGL SULPMHU þHWERWD Taj
QDSUDYOMHQRJ GD NRPXQLFLUD SR MH]LþNLP
REUDVFLPDGHYHWQDHVWRJRGLãQMHGMHYRMNHDNRML
VH LSDN SRND]DR L]X]HWQR DJUDVLYQLP X
NRQYHU]DFLML VD UDVLVWLþNLP L VHNVLVWLþNLP
SUHGUDVXGDPD=DWRVHPRUDMXSRVWDYLWLYDåQD
SLWDQMD GR NRMH PMHUH YMHãWDþND LQWHOLJHQFLMD
PRåHGDVSR]QDNRQWHNVWL]]DGDWLKLQVWUXNFLMD
89
L GD OL VPR PL X VWDQMX GD YHü X SRþHWQRM ID]L
SURJUDPLUDQMD RWNULMHPR L LVSUDYLPR PRJXüD
RGVWXSDQMD ÄLOL üH YHãWDþND LQWHOLJHQFLMD
SUHSXãWHQD VRSVWYHQRP QDþLQX IXQNFLRQLVDQMD
QHL]EHåQR UD]YLMDWL PDOH GHYLMDFLMH NRMH
YUHPHQRPPRJXGDVHSUHWYRUHXNDWDVWURIDOQR
RGVWXSDQMH"³ 3RUHG QDYHGHQH SRVWRML L GUXJD
RSDVQRVWNRMDVH PDQLIHVWXMH XWRPHGDWRNRP
L]YUãHQMD]DGDWLKFLOMHYDYMHãWDþNDLQWHOLJHQFLMD
PRåH GD SURPLMHQL OMXGVNH PLVDRQH SURFHVH L
OMXGVNH YULMHGQRVWL 7DNR QD SULPMHU VPLVDR
GUHYQH NLQHVNH LJUH Go QLMH VDPR X WRPH GD
LJUDþ SRELMHGL YHü GD QDXþL QRYH VWUDWHJLMH
NRMH VX SRWHQFLMDOQR SULPMHQOMLYH X GUXJLP
REODVWLPD åLYRWD 0HÿXWLP QDVXSURW WRPH
*XJORY SURJUDP QH VDPR GD MH NRULVWLR
VWUDWHãNH SRWH]H NRML VX SRWSXQR QHSR]QDWL
OMXGVNRPXPXYHüMHELRXVPMHUHQLVOMXþLYRQD
SREMHGX 7LPH VH MDVQR SRND]DOR GD SURJUDP
QHÄXþL³NRQFHSWXDOQRYHüPDWHPDWLþNLVDVYLP
PDUJLQDOQLP SULODJRÿDYDQMLPD VYRMLK
DOJRULWDPD þLPH MH SURPLMHQLR L SULURGX LJUH L
QMHQ XWLFDM 'UXJL SURMHNWL YMHãWDþNH
LQWHOLJHQFLMH UD]YLMDMX VSRVREQRVWL GD PDãLQH
RGJRYDUDMX QD OMXGVNH XSLWH QR L]X]HY SLWDQMD
SRSXW ÄNROLNR MH VWHSHQL QDSROMX"³ 3LWDQMD
NRMD VH RGQRVH QD SULURGX VWYDUQRVWL LOL VPLVOD
åLYRWD ]DKWLMHYDMX VDVYLP GXEOMH SURPLãOMDQMH
=DWR .LVLQGåHU XSR]RUDYD GD DNR YMHãWDþND
LQWHOLJHQFLMDXþLHNVSRQHQFLMDOQREUåHRGOMXGL
PRUDPR RþHNLYDWL GD üH MHGQDNRP EU]LQRP
UDVWL L SURFHV SRNXãDMD L SRJUHãDND RG NRJD VH
90
VDVWRMLOMXGVNRRGOXþLYDQMHGDüHJULMHãLWLþHãüH
L YLãH QHJR ãWR WR þLQH OMXGL 6 RE]LURP GD MH
RNR SLWDQMD ãWD MH PRUDOQR LVSUDYQR D ãWD
SRJUHãQR X OMXGVNRM FLOYLOL]DFLML L]UDVOD FLMHOD
MHGQD QDXND NDNR RþHNXMHPR GD üH YMHãWDþND
LQWHOLJHQFLMD ELWL VSRVREQD GD SURVXGL ãWD MH
SUDYL L]ERU" ,OL GD OL ]DLVWD åHOLPR GD QDãD
GMHFD XþH R YULMHGQRVWLPD NUR] UD]JRYRU VD
DOJRULWPLPD NRML VX ÄSXãWHQL V ODQFD"³ – SLWD
.LVLQGåHU L ]DNOMXþXMH GD L] QDYHGHQRJ
SURL]LOD]LLWUHüDNOMXþQDRSDVQRVWVDUD]YRMHP
NRPSMXWHUVNH VQDJH YMHãWDþND LQWHOLJHQFLMD üH
XVNRUR ELWL X PRJXüQRVWL GD bira ishode koji
PRJXELWL]QDþDMQRGUXJDþLMLRGRQRJDNDNRLK
OMXGLSURFHQMXMXLELUDMXUSUDYRX WRPVPLVOX
L QDMWHåH L QDMYDåQLMH SLWDQMH R VYLMHWX SUHPD
NRMHPLGHPRMHVWHãWDüHVHGHVLWLVDOMXGVNRP
VYLMHãüX DNR QMHQH PRJXüQRVWL GD REMDVQL
VWYDUQRVW RNR VHEH SRWLVQH YMHãWDþND
LQWHOLJHQFLMD" ,OL NR üH ELWL RGJRYRUDQ ]D
GMHORYDQMHYMHãWDþNHLQWHOLJHQFLMH"'DOLSUDYQL
VLVWHPNRMLVXVWYRULOLOMXGLPRåHGDVHQRVLVD
DNWLYQRVWLPD NRMH VSURYRGL YMHãWDþND
LQWHOLJHQFLMD NRMD LPD YLãH PLVDRQLK
PRJXüQRVWLRGþRYMHNDLSRWHQFLMDOQRPRåHGD
PDQLSXOLãH SRGDFLPD" 8SUDYR ]ERJ VYRMH
QDGPRüLNRMDMRMMHVYRMVWYHQDXPHPRULVDQMXL
UDþXQDQMXYMHãWDþNDLQWHOLJHQFLMDüHYMHURYDWQR
SRELMHGLWL þRYMHND X ELOR NRMRM LJUL $OL ]D
OMXGVNR SRLPDQMH svrhe FLOM LJUH QLMH VDPR X
SREMHÿLYDQMX - RQ MH X mišljenMX 8NROLNR
GR]YROLPR VHEL GD PDWHPDWLþNL SURFHVL
91
]DPLMHQH PLVDRQL SURFHV GD NYDQWLWHW XQLãWL
NYDOLWHW PL VPR X RSDVQRVWL GD L]JXELPR
VSRVREQRVWNRMDMHVXãWLQDOMXGVNRVWL 
=DKYDOMXMXüL SRVWRMHüHP QDþLQX
SURL]YRGQMH þRYMHþDQVWYR SUHOD]L ÄJUDQLFH
QRVHüHJNDSDFLWHWD³WDNRGDVHPRåHJRYRULWLR
ÄSODQHWDUQLP JUDQLFDPD³ 2QH VH RGQRVH QD

x antropogeno determinisane
klimatske promjene - NRMH VX
SRVOMHGLFD ÄSRYHüDQLK QLYRD
JDVRYDVHIHNWRPVWDNOHQHEDãWHX
DWPRVIHUL³
x acidLILNDFLMX RNHDQD – NRMD VH
RGQRVL QD SRYHüDQMH NLVHORVWL
RNHDQD XSUDYR ]ERJ SRYHüDQH
NRQFHQWUFLMH XJOMHQ-GLRNVLGD D
SRG XWLFDMHP NOLPDWVNLK
SURPMHQD
x UD]DUDQMH R]RQVNRJ RPRWDþD -
NRMH QDVWDMH NDR SRVOMHGLFD
SURGRUDKHPLNDOLMDXYD]GXK
x ]DJDÿHQMH – ]ERJ SUHNRPMHUQH
XSRWUHEH D]RWD L IRVIRUD X
YMHãWDþNLPÿXEULYLPD
x pretjerano korištenje i
iscrpljivanje slatkovodnih


KWWSELIUVSROLWLFND-RGJRYRUQRVW-]D-UD]YRM-
YHVWDFNH-LQWHOLJHQFLMH-GD-OL-FH-QDP-YUHGQRVWL-
RGUHGLYDWL-DOJRULWPL-SXVWHQL-V-ODQFD  
92
 UHVXUVD – X SROMRSULYUHGL
LQGXVWULMLGRPDüLQVWYLPD
x XSRWUHEX zemlje – ]D X]JDMDQMH
XVMHYD VWRþQX LVSDãX XSRWUHEX
GUYHQHJUDÿHãLUHQMHJUDGRYD
x biodiverzitet – NRMLMHSRUHPHüHQ
DEH]NRMHJQLMHPRJXüH HILNDVQR
SRVWRMDQMH L ÄIXQNFLRQLVDQMH
HNRVLVWHPD³LODQDFDLVKUDQH
x RSWHUHüHQMH DHURVROLPD – NRMH
QDVWDMH NDGD L]YRUL ]DJDÿHQMD
HPLWXMXVLWQHþHVWLFHXDWPRVIHUX
x KHPLMVNR]DJDÿHQMH 
6 RE]LURP QD SRVWRMDQMH ORNDOQLK L
JOREDOQLK RJUDQLþHQMD 5REHUW *XGODQG VPDWUD
GDMHUDVWGRVWLJDRÄVYRMXJUDQLFX³
.DR MHGDQ RG DUJXPHQDWD LVWLþH
ÄSULVYDMDQMH ELRPDVH³ ]D SRWUHEH SULYUHGH
'DQDV VH NRULVWL RNR  ÄEUXWR SULPDUQRJ
SURL]YRGD ]HPOMLQH IRWRVLQWH]H³ ãWR ]D ãWHWQX
SRVOMHGLFX LPD ãLUHQMH JUDGRYD QD
SROMRSULYUHGQR REUDGLYR ]HPOMLãWH HUR]LMX WOD
SRYHüDQMH RWSDGD L ]DJDÿHQRVWL  XQLãWDYDQMH
HNRVLVWHPD .DGD EL VH VWDQRYQLãWYR 3ODQHWH
XGYRVWUXþLOR RQR EL NRULVWLOR RG -
NLVHRQLND ]QDWQR SRYHüDQX NROLþLQX UHVXUVD
DOLL]DJDÿHQMD'UXJLGRND]SRVWRMDQMDJUDQLFD
VH RGQRVL QD - klimatske promjene  1DLPH


'å ' 6DNV 'RED RGUåLYRJ UD]YRMD, %HRJUDG
Ä&HQWDU ]D PHÿXQDURGQX VDUDGQMX L RGUåLYL UD]YRM
6OXåEHQLJODVQLN³VWU-
93
SRYHüDQMHWHPSDUDWXUHXLQGXVWULMVNRPSHULRGX
X RGQRVX QD SUHGLQGXVWULMVNL SHULRG MH
RþLJOHGQR NROLþLQD XJOMHQ-GLRNVLGD
KORURIOXRURNDUERQDWD &)&  PHWDQD D]RWQRJ
RNVLGD VH X DWPRVIHUL SRYHüDYD ãWR GRSULQRVL
HIHNWX ÄVWDNOHQH EDãWH³ ãXPH VH SRWSXQR
QHNRQWUROLVDQR VMHNX ãXPH QHNRQWUROLVDQR VH
NRULVWL  L HQHUJLMD L] IRVLOQLK JRULYD ãWR
GRSULQRVL XPDQMXMX UHSURGXNWLYQH VSRVREQRVWL
ELRVIHUH 7UHüL GRND] VH RGQRVL QD SRVWRMDQMH
RJURPQLK UXSD X R]RQVNRP RPRWDþX – NRMH
GRYRGHGRXJURåDYDQMDåLYRWDDLQHJDWLYQRVH
RGUDåDYDMXQDSURL]YRGQMXKUDQH7XVXLGUXJH
SRVOMHGLFHNDRãWRVXSRYHüDQMHPRUELGLWHWDRG
UDND NRåH VODEOMHQMH LPXQLWHWD L SRYHüDQMH
OMXGVNH RVMHWOMLYRVWL QD PQRJH ]DUD]QH EROHVWL
ýHWYUWL GRND] VH RGQRVL QD SRYHüDQR
GHYDVWLUDQMH L razaranje zemljišta 8PDQMHQD
SURL]YRGQMD KUDQH XSUDYR MH SRYH]DQD L VD
HUR]LMRP WOD NDR L VDOLQL]DFLMRP ]HPOMLãWD
SRGUXþMDSURSDGDQMD]HPOMLãWDVXVYHYHüDWDNR
GD MH SUHNR  Ä]HPOMLãWD QD SODQHWL YHü
QHSRYUDWQRXQLãWHQR³LVDGDOMQRPWHQGHQFLMRP
SURSDGDQMD XQLãWDYDQMH REUDGLYRJ ]HPOMLãWD
GRYRGLGRSRYHüDQMDFLMHQHKUDQHãWRGRSULQRVL
SRYHüDQMX EURMD RQLK NRML JODGXMX 3HWL GRND]
SRVWRMDQMD JUDQLFD VH RGQRVL QD biodiverzitet
RGQRVQR QD smanjenje biološke raznovrnosti
8EU]DQL UD]YRM SULYUHGQLK DNWLYQRVWL VPDQMXMH
SRGUXþMD GLYOMLQH X NRMLPD MH SRVWRMDR QDMYHüL
QLYR ELRORãNH UD]QRYUVQRVWL 1D WDM QDþLQ VH
YHRPD EU]R XQLãWDYDMX VWDQLãWD ELOMQLK L
94
åLYRWLQMVNLK YUVWD NDR L ãXPH þLML VH SURVWRU
JRGLãQMH VPDQMXMH ]D  NYDGUDWQLK
NLORPHWDUD YHOLNL EURM YUVWD L]XPUH JRGLãQMH
ãWR ]DMHGQR SUHGVWDYOMD HNRORãNX NDWDVWURIX
NRMD üH GRYHVWL GR MRã YHüH ELMHGH L
VLURPDãWYD 
5HVXUVL VH LVFUSOMXMX YHRPD EU]R L
HQRUPQR PQRJR WDNR GD WR QMLKRYR
LVFUSOMLYDQMH SUHGVWDYOMD L]X]HWQR YHOLNX
RSDVQRVW ]D REH]EMHÿHQMH åLYRWD QD 3ODQHWL
%URM OMXGL MH QD 3ODQHWL VYH YHüL D RJUDQLþHQL
UHVXUVL QLVX GRYROMQL ]D ]DGRYROMDYDQMH
QMLKRYLKSRWUHED
ýRYMHþDQVWYRWURãLSULURGQHUHVXUVHEUåH
QHJRãWRVHRQLUHJHQHULãX1DWRXSR]RUDYD DOL
L ]DEULQMDYD 'DQ HNRORãNRJ GXJD 8 VWYDUL
'DQ HNRORãNRJ GXJD SUHGVWDYOMD GDWXP NDGD
JRGLãQMD SRWURãQMD L SRWUDåQMD þRYMHþDQVWYD
SUHPD SULURGL SUHPDãXMH RQR ãWR =HPOMD PRåH
GD UHJHQHULãH X WRM JRGLQL 8 WRP VPLVOX MH
6YMHWVNLIRQG]DSULURGX WWF XSR]RULRGDVH
]D WUHQXWQH SRWUHEH þRYMHþDQVWYD SULURGQL
UHVXUVL NRULVWH  SXWD EUåH QHJR ãWR
HNRVLVWHPL PRJX GD VH UHJHQHULãX 6YLMHW MH 
DYJXVWDJRGLQHXãDRXHNRORãNLGXJ]DWX
JRGLQX L WH MH JRGLQH 'DQ HNRORãNRJ GXJD
RELOMHåHQNDRQDMUDQLMLRWNDNRVHUDGHPMHUHQMD


5 *XGODQG 5DVW MH GRVHJDR VYRMX JUDQLFX X
*OREDOL]DFLMD – DUJXPHQWL SURWLY 3ULUHGLOL 'åHUL
0DQGHU L (GYDUG *ROGVPLW  %HRJUDG Ä&/,2³ 
VWU-
95
L VLPEROLþQR SULND]XMH GHVWUXNWLYQL XWLFDM
OMXGVNLK DNWLYQRVWL QD SULURGX L QMHQH UHVXUVH
ÄýLQMHQLFDGDVHRYDMGDQVYDNHJRGLQHSRPHUD
XQDSUHGJRYRULQDPGDVHLGDOMHSUHPDSODQHWL
QH SRQDãDPR RGJRYRUQR äLYLPR RG VYH YHüH
SR]DMPLFH NRMX X]LPDPR V UDþXQD EROMH
EXGXüQRVWL VYRMH GHFH³ XND]DR MH GLUHNWRU
6YMHWVNRJIRQGD]DSULURGX WWF $GULMH'HQL
3RUHM=DWR VHXVDRSãWHQMXSvjetskog fonda za
SULURGX L LVWLþH ³%XGXüL GD QDãH SRWUHEH VYH
YLãH SUHYD]LOD]H PRJXüQRVWL SODQHWH GD VH
UHJHQHULãH QD ãWD GRGDWQR XWLþX SRVOHGLFH
NOLPDWVNLK SURPHQD 'DQ HNRORãNRJ GXJD MH
VQDåDQSRGVHWQLNQDKLWQHDNFLMHNRMHSRMHGLQFL
L ]HPOMH PRUDMX GD SUHGX]PX NDNR EL ]DãWLWLOL
ãXPH RNHDQH VODWNRYRGQH UHVXUVH ELOMQL L
åLYRWLQMVNL VYHW L QD WDM QDþLQ SRPRJQX X
RVWYDULYDQMXRGUåLYRJUD]YRMD´ 
U 201 JRGLQL VH Dan ekRORãNRJ GXJD
RELOMHåLR NDR QDMUDQLML RWNDNR MH þRYHþDQVWYR
-WLK JRGLQD SURãORJ VWROMHüD XãOR X W]Y
ÄHNRORãNL GXJ³ =ERJ L]UD]LWR QHUDFLRQDOQH
SRWURãQMH L UDVLSQLãWYD NDR SRVOMHGLFH VH
MDYOMDMX GHVHUWLILNDFLMD GHIRUHVWDFLMD L HUR]LMD
WODRVNXGLFDSLWNHYRGHJXELWDNELRGLYHU]LWHWD
UD]QH L PQRJREURMQH SULURGQH NDWDVWURIH
NOLPDWVNL SRUHPHüDML HNRORãNH PLJUDFLMH
SRWHQFLMDOQLLVWYDUQLVXNRELUDWRYLLWG 7UHED
QDSRPHQXWL GD MH HNRORãNL GXJ PRJXü VDPR X


KWWSELJSRUWDOEDSULURGQH-UHVXUVH-
WURVLPR-EU]H-QHJR-VWR-VH-UHJHQHULVX  
96
RJUDQLþHQRP YUHPHQVNRP WUDMDQMX X NRMHP EL
VH QDþLQ SURL]YRGQMH SURPLMHQLR L SULURGD
UHJHQHULVDOD LOL EL GRYHR GR SRWSXQH
GHYDVWDFLMH SULURGHLQMHQRJXQLãWHQMD 8SUDYR
RQDNR NDNR VH WR WUDJLþQR GRJRGLOR QD
8VNUãQMHPRVWUYX
8 L]X]HWQR ]DQLPOMLYRM L YHRPD
XSR]RUDYDMXüRM NQML]L - 2052: globalna
SURJQR]D ]D VOMHGHüLK þHWUGHVHW JRGLQD - NRMD
MH QDVWDOD ÄX þDVW  JRGLãQMLFH L]GDYDQMD
NQMLJHGranice rasta³-RUJHQ5DQGHUVJRYRULR
SODQHWDUQRP ÄSUHPDãLYDQMX³ „overshoot³ 
NRMH XJURåDYD RSVWDQDN þRYMHþDQVWYD 1D
SLWDQMH ÄKRüH OL VYLMHW RSVWDWL³ 5DQGHUV LVWLþH
GD QHNR YULMHPH þRYMHþDQVWYR PRåH RVWDWL ÄX
ID]LSUHPDãLYDQMD³DOLÄSUHPDãLYDQMHQHüHLQH
PRåHWUDMDWL]DXYLMHNXWUHQXWNXNDGVHQMHJRYL
WHPHOML XQLãWH³³SUHPDãLYDQMH VH QH PRåH
RGUåDWL³ L ]DWR MH QHRSKRGQR ÄNRQWUROLUDQR
VPDQMLYDQMH³ 
.ROLNR MH LGHMD R ÄNRQWUROLVDQRP
VPDQMLYDQMX³ ]QDþDMQD ]D RSDVWDQDN OMXGVNH
FLYLOL]DFLMH GRYROMQR MH ]D SULPMHU QDYHVWL
MHGQR ]DQLPOMLYR DOL L XSR]RUDYDMXüH JOHGLãWH
NRMH MH L]QHVHQR X WHNVWX SRG QD]LYRP
Svemirski brod Zemlja


- 5DQGHUV  JOREDOQD SURJQR]D ]D VOMHGHüLK
þHWUGHVHWJRGLQD=DJUHEÄ0DWH³ VWU;,9-;9
97
 Ä=DPLVOLPR GD MH =HPOMD RJURPDQ
VYHPLUVNLEURG6DVYLPOMXGLPDNRMLåLYH
QD ]HPOML RYDM EURG SXWXMH VYHPLURP
9H]H VD QMLKRYLP PDWLþQLP SODQHWDPD VX
SUHNLQXWH1HPDSRYUDWND3XWQLFLPRUDMX
GD VH ]DGRYROMH  ]DOLKDPD KUDQH YRGH
NLVLND L HQHUJLMH NRMH VX SUHRVWDOH QD
EURGX
6SRUDVWRPOMXGLQDEURGXVPDQMXMX
VH ]DOLKH ,VWRYUHPHQR VH SRYHüDYDMX
NROLþLQH RWSDGD L ãWHWQLK PDWHULMD äLYRW
SRVWDMH VYH WHåL ]UDND ]D GLVDQMH MH VYH
PDQMH
1HNH RG SXWQLND RYRJ VYHPLUVNRJ
EURGD KYDWD SDQLND 2QL SUHGYLÿDMX VNRUL
GROD]DN VPUWL X]URNRYDQ JXãHQMHP
QHGRVWDWNRP YRGH L KUDQH VPU]DYDQMHP
2VWDOL WURãH ]DOLKH NRMH VH EOLåH VYRP
NUDMX L QH RED]LUX VH QD XSR]RUHQMH
2VODQMDMX VH QD WR GD üH QHNRP QHãWR X
SRVOMHGQMRM PLQXWL SDVWL QD XP ãWR üH
GRYHVWLGRVSDVHQMDVYLK³

8 NUDWNRP YUHPHQVNRP SHULRGX þLWDQMD

RYRJWHNVWD QDQDãRM3ODQHWLVHGHãDYDMXYHOLNH
SURPMHQH NRMH UDGLNDOL]XMX HNRORãNH SUREOHPH
L HNRORãNX NUL]X L VYH YLãH GRYRGH X SLWDQMH
åLYRWQD3ODQHWL

98
 ³=D þLWDQMH WHNVWD C6YHPLUVNL EURG
=HPOMDC WUHEDOR 9DP MH RWSULOLNH MHGDQ
PLQXW7RNRPMHGQRJPLQXWD
 GHVL VH HPLWRYDQMH
XJOMHQGLRNVLGD X XNXSQRM NROLþLQL RG
WRQD
 OMXGL XQLãWH  NYDGUDWQLK
NLORPHWDUDãXPH
 SURL]YHGHPR SUHNR  WRQD
VPHüD
  QRYLK DXWRPRELOD GRGDWQR
RSWHUHWLQDãXåLYRWQXVUHGLQX
 RNR  WRQD ]HPOMH ELYD
QDSODYOMHQR
 EURM VWDQRYQLND QD ]HPOML VH
SRYHüD]D
VNRUR MHGDQ NYDGUDWQL NLORPHWDU
SULURGQLK SRYUãLQD VH L]JXEL JUDGQMRP LOL
RJUDÿLYDQMHP
RNROMXGLXPLUHRGJODGL³ 

7DNR VH SRND]XMH GD VH WHPHOMQL

SRMPRYL Moderne SD L postmoderne PRUDMX
UHYLGLUDWL D PHÿX QMLPD VYDNDNR SRVHEQR
PMHVWR]DGRELYDSRMDPQDSUHWND


Ĉ6OLMHSþHYLü%,OLüĈ0LWURYLü1RYDHNRQRPLMD
X XVORYLPD JOREDOL]DFLMH L LQIRUPDWLþNRJ GUXãWYD,
%DQMD/XNDVWU
99
 1HNDGD MH ÄQDSUHGDN³ L]UDåDYDR QH
VDPR RSWLPL]DP L QDGX YHü ÄL REHüDQMH
VYHRSãWHLWUDMQHVUHüH³DOLVHXPHÿXYUHPHQX
SRPMHULRÄNDVYRMRMVXSURWQRVWLGLVWRSLMVNRPL
IDWDOLVWLþNRP SROX DQWLFLSDFLMH³ SUHGVWDYOMDMXüL
ÄSUHWQMX QHPLORVUHGQH L QHXPLWQH SURPHQH
NRMD QH SUHGVND]XMH PLU L VSRNRM YHü
NRQWLQXLUDQXNUL]XLSULWLVDN³ 
5D]YRM QRYLK WHKQRORJLMD X REODVWL
ELRORJLMH IL]LNH L GUXJLK GLVFLSOLQD NDR L
QMLKRYDPRJXüDSULPMHQDPRåHGDSUHGVWDYOMD
UL]LN EH]EMHGQRVQH SULMHWQMH 2WXGD ]QDþDM –
HWLNH HWLNH QDXND SRVHEQR ÄHWLNH EULJH³ NRMD
üH XND]DWL SRWUHEX ]D QRYLP PMHULOLPD
progresa
7D PMHULOD VH QLNDNR QH PRJX RGQRVLWL
QD RQD NRMD VX LVWLFDOD ]QDþDM EHVNRQDþQRJ
QDSUHWND 1DXNH L 8PD WH GD VH QDSUHGDN
RVWYDUXMH SRWSXQRP GRPLQDFLMRP QDG
SULURGRP L QMHQLP RVYDMDQMHP NDNR VX WR
PLVOLOL WHRUHWLþDUL Moderne 1DSUHGDN VH QH
PRåH RVWYDULWL WDNR ãWR üH QDXND SRVWDWL
SRWSXQLPLDSVROXWQLPVUHGVWYRPGRPLQDFLMHL
LVNRULãWDYDQMD SULURGH 1RYD PMHULOD SURJUHVD
PRUDMX RWNORQLWL PHKDQLFLVWLþNX SDUDGLJPX
LQVWUXPHQWDOQRJ RGQRVD SUHPD SULURGL L QD
QMHQR PMHVWR L]JUDGLWL KROLVWLþNX SDUDGLJPX
RGUåLYRJ UD]YRMD 8NROLNR VH WR QH RVWYDUL
QHRGUåLYLUD]YRMüHSRVWDWLMRãGHVWUXNWLYQLMLMHU


= %DXPDQ )OXLGQL åLYRW, 1RYL 6DG Ä0HGLWHUUDQ
3XEOLVKLQJ³VWU
100
üHLUL]LFLVDNRMLPDVHVXRþDYDPRSRVWDMDWLVYH
YHüL
5L]LFL VD NRMLPD VH þRYMHþDQVWYR GDQDV
VXRþDYD VX YHRPD R]ELOMQL $OL SRVHEDQ
SUREOHP NRML VH VD JOREDOL]DFLMRP SRMDYOMXMH
RGQRVL VH QD QDãX SRJUHãQX SHUFHSFLMX
JOREDOL]DFLMHLQMHQLKUL]LND
1DãD SHUFHSFLMD JOREDOL]DFLMH QDP
SRND]XMH QHVSRVREQRVW SUHGYLÿDQMD
EXGXüQRVWL 1DLPH ÄJOREDOL]DFLMD RJUDQLþHQD
QD SRVORYQH SRGXKYDWH SUYHQVWYHQR VH
SHUFLSLUDNDRJXELWDNNRQWUROHQDGVDGDãQMLFRP
LQHVSRVREQRVWSUHGYLÿDQMDãWDEXGXüQRVWPRåH
GRQHWL D WLPH L QHVSRVREQRVW RVPLãOMDYDQMD
VUHGVWDYD ]D GRYRÿHQMH EXGXüQRVWL SRG
NRQWUROX³ .DNR VH þRYMHþDQVWYR QDOD]L SUHG
SUDJRP VDPRXQLãWHQMD ]D QMHJRYR VSDãDYDQMH
MHQHRSKRGQD- SODQHWDUQDRGJRYRUQRVW3UHPD
%DXPDQRYRP PLãOMHQMX ÄORJLND SODQHWDUQH
RGJRYRUQRVWL³MHXVPMHUHQDSUHPDÄVXRþDYDQMX
VD JOREDOQR JHQHULVDQLP SUREOHPLPD³ 7D
ORJLND ÄSURLVWLþH L] SUHWSRVWDYNH GD WUDMQD L
LVWLQVND HILNDVQD UHãHQMD ]D SUREOHPH FHOH
SODQHWH PRJX ELWL SURQDÿHQD L VWYRUHQD VDPR
SXWHP SUHREOLNRYDQMD L UHIRUPH PUHåH
JOREDOQLKPHÿX]DYLVQRVWLLLQWHUDNFLMH8PHVWR
GD FLOM EXGH ORNDOQR RJUDQLþDYDQMH ãWHWH L
ORNDOQH NRULVWL JOREDOQLK HNRQRPVNLK VLOD
WUHEDVWYDUDWLQRYXYUVWXJOREDOQRJRNUXåHQMDX
NRMHP SXWHYL HNRQRPVNLK LQLFLMDWLYD ELOR JGH
QDSODQHWLYLãHQHüHELWLüXGOMLYLLYRÿHQLVDPR
WUHQXWQLP GRELFLPD EH] XVPHUDYDQMD SDåQMH
101
QD SURSUDWQH HIHNWH L CNRODWHUDOQH åUWYHC L EH]
SULGDYDQMD ]QDþDMX GUXãWYHQLP GLPHQ]LMDPD
UDYQRWHåHL]PHÿXFHQHLGRELWND³ 
6MHGLQMHQH $PHULþNH 'UåDYH VX QDMYHüL
SRWURãDþL]DJDÿLYDþ3ODQHWH
6D VYRMLK  RG XNXSQRJ VYMHWVNRJ
VWDQRYQLãWYD 6$' VX QDMYHüL SRWURãDþL
VYMHWVNLKUHVXUVD3RGDFLWorldwatch ,QVWLWXWHD
]DJRGLQXSRND]XMXGD6$'WURãHJRWRYR
SRORYLQX VLURYLQVNLK ]DOLKD VYLMHWD 
VYMHWVNH QDIWH L GD X DWPRVIHUX L]EDFXMX 
RNVLGD D]RWD L KHPLMVNLK JDVRYD D 
XJOMHQGLRNVLGD 1D WDM QDþLQ VH SRND]XMH GD
6$' L QHROLEHUDOQL NDSLWDOL]DP JXUDMX VYLMHW X
DPELV WH GD MH SURNODPRYDQL american way of
life XVWYDULamerican way of death. 
1HROLEHUDOL]DP ]DSUDYR YRGL VYLMHW X
way of death.
.DRãWRVHYLGLL%DXPDQSRSXWGUXJLK
WHRUHWLþDUD ]DEULQXWLK ]D VWDQMH X NRMHP VH
QDOD]L þRYMHþDQVWYR LQVLVWLUD QD SRWUHEL GD VH
ÄSUHREOLNXMH³ þRYMHNRYD SUDNVD RGQRVD SUHPD
SULURGLDWLPHLSUHPDþRYMHNX$OLGDOLMHWR
XRSãWH PRJXüH XþLQLWL X VYLMHWX ÄQHJDWLYQH
JOREDOL]DFLMH³SLWDQMHMHQDNRMHMRãXYLMHNQLMH
PRJXüHGDWLSRWYUGDQRGJRYRU


= %DXPDQ )OXLGQL åLYRW, 1RYL 6DG Ä0HGLWHUUDQ
3XEOLVKLQJ³VWU

'.DODLü$PHULþNR]OR, %HRJUDGÄ%,*=³VWU
-
102
 %DXPDQRYD KHUPHQHXWLND JOREDOL]DFLMH
MH L]UD]LWR QHJDWLYQD ,DNR L VDP VPDWUD GD
JOREDOL]DFLMD LPD L SR]LWLYQLK NDUDNWHULVWLND
LSDN %DXPDQ LVWLþH GD MH QHROLEHUDOQR
IXQGLUDQD JOREDOL]DFLMD QHJDWLYQD MHU MH
NDWDVWURILþQD 1HJDWLYQD MH MHU UD]DUD SULURGX
QDFLRQDOQH HNRQRPLMH GUåDYQX VXYHUHQRVW L
NXOWXUH WH UD]YLMD PQRJREURMQH UL]LNH
VRFLMDOQH QHMHGQDNRVWL VLURPDãWYR QXNOHDUQR
QDRUXåDQMH UDWRYH  NRML XJURåDYDMX
EH]EMHGQRVWLYRGHQDãHP– VDPRXQLãWHQMX
3RSXW %DXPDQD L ýRPVNL MH ]DEULQXW
]ERJSRVWRMDQMDR]ELOMQLKSULMHWQMLþRYMHþDQVWYX
NRMH SRUHG RVWDOLK SULMH VYHJD YLGL X
SRVWRMDQMX QXNOHDUQRJ RUXåMD L NOLPDWVNLK
SURPMHQD
6WYDUQRVW VDPRXQLãWHQMD MH UHDOQD SD
LSDN ]DEULQMDYD WR ãWR QH SRVWRML MDVQD
SHUFHSFLMD L QDþLQ UMHãDYDQMD SUREOHPD NDR L
VSRVREQRVW SUHGYLÿDQMD EXGXüQRVWL =DWR
%DXPDQ L JRYRUL R ÄOHGHQRP EULMHJX³ NRML MH
QHJGMH VDNULYHQ L þHND ÄX PDJORYLWRM
EXGXüQRVWL³ GD EL QDV ]DWLP ÄX] PX]LþNX
SUDWQMX³L- SRWRSLR
1HYMHURYDWQRMHVDNDNYRPÄXSRUQRãüX³
þRYMHþDQVWYR XEU]DQR KUOL X VYRMX SURSDVW
Ä8PMHVWR GD åLYL X RSWLPLVWLþQRP GREX
WULMXPIDOL]PD GUXãWYR  VWROMHüD LPD
QHRELþQR VNURPQR PLãOMHQMH R VYRMLP
LQWHOHNWXDOQLP PRJXüQRVWLPD L
VSRVREQRVWLPD³3DLSRUHG]QDþDMQLKQDXþQLK
L WHKQRORãNLK GRVWLJQXüD ÄGDQDãQMD MH NXOWXUD
103
VNHSWLþQD VSUDP VSRVREQRVWL GUXãWYD GD ]QD
YLãH R VYRMRM EXGXüQRVWL³ ýLQL VH VDVYLP
VXSURWQR GD PLVOLPR GD PDQMH ]QDPR R
EXGXüQRVWL QHJR UDQLMLK VWROMHüD =DSDGQD MH
NXOWXUD L]JXELOD SRX]GDQMH X PRü QDXNH GD
SUHGYLÿD EXGXüQRVW L ÄEXGXüH SUREOHPH³
7DNRÄVXPQMDXVSRVREQRVWGUXãWYDGDVHQRVL
V EXGXüLP SUREOHPLPD SREXÿXMH VWUDK VSUDP
VYLMHWDNRMLQDPSUHGVWRML³ 
'DJODV 0HN $UWXU MH SULMH JRWRYR 
GHFHQLMD   XSR]RUDYDR Ä,PDOL VPR VYRMX
SRVOHGQMX ãDQVX $NR QH VPLVOLPR QHNL EROML L
PQRJRSUDYHGQLMLGUXãWYHQLVLVWHP$UPDJHGRQ
üH ELWL SUHG YUDWLPD³ -DVQR MH GD MH ]D
XVSRVWDYOMDQMH SUDYHGQLMHJ GUXãWYHQRJ VLVWHPD
QHRSKRGQD L]JUDGQMD QRYH SDUDGLJPH QDþLQD L
ILOR]RILMH åLYRWD SURL]YRGQMH PDWHULMDOQLK
GREDUD L GXKRYQLK YULMHGQRVWL NRMH LSDN
QHROLEHUDOQD SDUDGLJPD VD VYRMRP
GHVWUXNWLYQRP KHJHPRQLMRP QLNDNR QH PRåH
RVWYDULWL
1DãD NXOWXUD SURL]YRGL SUREOHPH QDãHJ
SRVWRMDQMD Ä1DãL SUREOHPL QH SURL]OD]H RG
QDãH WHKQRORJLMH QDãH LVKUDQH QDVLOMD X
PHGLMLPD LOL QHNH GUXJH VWYDUL NRMX UDGLPR
2QLSURL]OD]HRGQDãH NXOWXUH– QDãHJSRJOHGD
QD VYHW 5D]ORJ ]DãWR MH YHüLQD UHãHQMD
SRQXÿHQLK ]D VYHWVNH NUL]H QHSUDNWLþQD MHVWH


) )XUHGL 3R]LY QD WHURU UDVWXüH FDUVWYR
QHSR]QDWRJ=DJUHEÄ1DNODGD/MHYDN³VWU
104
]DWRãWRRQDSURL]OD]HRGLVWRJSRJOHGDQDVYHW
NRMLMHX]URNRYDRSUREOHP³ 
$NR EL þRYMHþDQVWYR ]DYUãLOR X QHNRM
YUVWL DSRNDOLSVH L ÄTitanik VXGELQH³ SLWDQMH
NRMH VH QXåQR SRVWDYOMD JODVLOR EL NDNR EL
L]JOHGDOD=HPOMDQDNRMRMQHELELOROMXGL"
2GJRYRU QD RYR SLWDQMH MH SRQXGLOD
VWUDQLFD³What if´
,VWLþHVHGDELNDGELVYLOMXGLQHVWDOLVD
=HPOMH za par VHNXQGL QDVWXSLR KDRV
$XWRPRELOLELELOLEH]YR]DþDDYLRQLELSDGDOL
DYR]RYLELLVNDNDOLL]ãLQD$za sat vremena
]DSRþHOREL]DPUDþHQMHãLURPVYLMHWDHOHNWUDQH
EL SUHVWDOH GD UDGH 9Hü nakon jednog dana
UDþXQDUL EL DXWRPDWVNL LVNOMXþLOL SRJRQH X
QXNOHDUQLP HOHNWUDQDPD L WDNR EL VH VSULMHþLOD
NDWDVWURID 1HVWDOR EL HOHNWULþQH HQHUJLMH
Nakon tri dana - XOLFHELELOHSXQHåLYRWLQMDD
nakon 10 dana SRSXVWLOHELVLJXUQRVQHPMHUHX
QXNOHDUQLP HOHNWUDQDPD L SRNUHQXOH EL VH
ODQþDQH HNVSOR]LMH NRMH EL UDãLULOH WRNVLþQX
UDGLMDFLMX ãLURP SODQHWD äLYRWLQMH NRMH åLYH X
SRJRÿHQLP ]RQDPD EL XJLQXOH D VWRND L
GRPDüH åLYRWLQMH EL VH SRYXNOH X SODQLQH
Nakon par godina - JUDGRYLELSRþHOLGDOLþHQD
SDUNRYHUDGLMDFLMDELVHUDãþLVWLODDYHJHWDFLMD
ELSRþHODGDUDVWHSRXOLFDPDL]JUDGDPDLVYH
EL ELOR SUHNULYHQR PDKRYLQRP 9Hü nakon 30


7 +DUWPDQ 3RVOMHGQL GDQL SODQHWH =HPOMH QDXþQL
GRND]L ]D EU]L NUDM VYLMHWD %HRJUDG Ä0HWDSK\VLFD³
VWU
105
godina VDWHOLWL NRML VX ODQVLUDQL GD LVWUDåXMX
VYHPLUELVHYUDWLOLQD=HPOMX.XüHLQHERGHUL
EL VH XUXãDYDOL Nakon 40 godina - JOREDOQR
]DJULMDYDQMH EL QDVWDYLOR MRã  JRGLQD SRVOLMH
OMXGVNRJ QHVWDQND D nakon 60 godina EL VH
PRUVNL åLYRW RSRUDYLR Nakon 150 godina -
SULURGD EL VH YUDWLOD X VYRMH SULURGQR VWDQMH
/RQGRQELSRVWDRPRþYDUDX9DQNXYHUXELVH
L]VQLMHJDLOHGDL]GL]DOLNRVWXULYLVRNLK]JUDGD
D/DV9HJDVELELRSXVWLQMD,NRQDþQRnakon
500 godina ãXPH EL SRVWDOH ]GUDYLMH QHJR ãWR
VXELOHXSRVOHGQMLKJRGLQDDSULURGDEL
L]EULVDODVYDNLWUDJOMXGVNRJSRVWRMDQMD 

* *

8SUDYXMH1RDPýRPVNLNDGDMHUHNDR
GDMHþRYMHNRYD YUVWDÄUD]YLODVSRVREQRVW³NRMX
PDQLIHVWXMH ÄQHPLORVUHGQR XQLãWDYDMXüL


KWWSELJSRUWDOEDNDNR-EL-L]JOHGDOD-
]HPOMD-GD-QD-QMRM-QHPD-OMXGL  
106
RNROLQX³ L ÄSURUDþXQDWR QDSDGDMXüL GUXJH
OMXGH³ 
1HSUHVWDOQL NRQIOLNWL VXNREL L UDWRYL
L]PHÿX GUåDYD QDURGD HWQLþNLK UHOLJLMVNLK L
GUXJLK UD]OLþLWLK L DQWDJRQL]LUDQLK JUXSD
SRND]XMX GD OMXGVND YUVWD JRWRYR VWDOQR åLYL X
VWYDUQRPKREVLMDQVNRPVWDQMXÄUDWDVYLKSURWLY
VYLMX³ EHOOXPRPQLXPFRQWUDRPQHV XNRMHP
MH ÄþRYMHN þRYMHNX YXN³ KRPR KRPLQL OXSXV
est 
2ELþQRVHUDWRYLYRGH ]ERJSULVYDMDQMDL
NRQWUROHUHVXUVD – KUDQHYRGHãXPD]HPOMLãWD
QDIWH XJOMD L GUXJLK HQHUJHQDWD /MXGVND
LVWRULMD VH SRND]XMH NDR LVWRULMD PLOLWDQWQRVWL
PLOLWDUL]PDUDWDLUDWRYDQMD
3UHPD QHNLP LVWUDåLYDQMLPD X
SRVOMHGQMLK  YLMHNRYD þRYMHþDQVWYR MH
UDWRYDOR L VDPR X YHüLP RUXåDQLP UDWQLP
VXNRELPDSURYHORJRGLQD8SUHNR
JRGLQDLVWRULMHNRMDQDPMHSR]QDWDUDWRYDORVH
 JRGLQD GRN MH VDPR GYD VWROMHüD
SURYHGHQRXQHNDNYRPPLUXLXSULSUHPDPD]D
UDW 
3RUHG WH GHVWUXNWLYQH FUWH RGQRVD OMXGL
SUHPD ÄGUXJLPD³ L þRYMHNRY RGQRV SUHPD
SULURGL MH RG LQGXVWULMVNH UHYROXFLMH SD GR
GDQDV WDNRÿHGHVWUXNWLYDQ


1 ýRPVNL +HJHPRQLMD LOL RSVWDQDN  1RYL 6DG
Ä5XELNRQ³VWUVWU

0 0LKDOLN 0RUDO L UDW, %HRJUDG Ä9RMQRL]GDYDþNL
]DYRG³VWU
107
 7UDJLþQRLVNXVWYRUskršnjeg RVWUYDDOLL
GUXJLK FLYLOL]DFLMD SRND]XMH GD RSVWDQDN
þRYMHþDQVWYD ]DKWLMHYD SURPMHQX NXOWXUH L
QDþLQD åLYRWD 'D EL þRYMHþDQVWYR RSVWDOR
QHRSKRGQD MH QRYD SDUDGLJPD KROLVWLþNRJ
RGUåLYRJ UD]YRMD RQD SDUDGLJPD NRMX
FLYLOL]DFLMH NRMH VX SURSDGDOH QLVX PRJOH
L]JUDGLWLL]DWRVXL- SURSDOH
'D OL VWYDUQL VFHQDULR EXGXüHJ UD]YRMD
3ODQHWH SUHGVWDYOMD VXGELQD Titanika GR NRMH
PRåH GRYHVWL SULPMHQD QHROLEHUDOQH
KHJHPRQLMH, LOL üH þRYMHþDQVWYR XVSMHWL GD VH
VSDVL REOLNRYDQMHP QRYH SDUDGLJPH åLYRWD
RVWDMHGDVHYLGL

108
LITERATURA
x $VSHNWL JOREDOL]DFLMH 3ULUHGLOL
9ODGLPLU 3DYLüHYLü 9ODGLPLU 3HWURYLü
,YDQD 3DQWHOLü 0LODQ 6LWDUVNL *RUDQ
0LORYDQRYLü  %HRJUDG Ä%HRJUDGVND
RWYRUHQDãNROD'RVLMH³
x %DJYDWL - 8 RGEUDQX JOREDOL]DFLMH,
%HRJUDG³6OXåEHQLJODVQLN´
x %DNDQ-.RUSRUDFLMDSDWRORãNDWHåQMD
]D SURILWRP L PRüL, =DJUHE „0LUDNXO³

x %DOM % 1HROLEHUDOL]DP – UHGXNRYDQD
SUDNWLþQD ILORVRILMD, =UHQMDQLQ Ä,3
%HRJUDG³
x %DUQHW 5 - 0XOOHU 5 ( *OREDOQL
]DKYDW PRü PXOWLQDFLRQDOQLK
NRUSRUDFLMD, =DJUHEÄ*OREXV³
x %DXPDQ = )OXLGQD OMXEDY R NUKNRVWL
OMXGVNLK YH]D, 1RYL 6DG Ä0HGLWHUUDQ
3XEOLVKLQJ³
x %DXPDQ = )OXLGQL VWUDK, 1RYL 6DG
Ä0HGLWHUUDQ3XEOLVKLQJ³
x %DXPDQ = )OXLGQL åLYRW, 1RYL 6DG
Ä0HGLWHUUDQ3XEOLVKLQJ³
x %DXPDQ=*OREDOL]DWLRQ7KH+XPDQ
&RQVHTXHQFes &DPEULGJH  Ä3ROLW\
3UHVV³
x %DXPDQ=3RVWPRGHUQDHWLND=DJUHE
Ä$*0³
x %HFN 8 0Rü SURWLY PRüL X GRED
JOREDOL]DFLMH QRYD VYMHWVNRSROLWLþND

111
 HNRQRPLMD, =DJUHE ÄâNROVND NQMLJD³

x %HFN 8 âWR MH JOREDOL]DFLMD, =DJUHE
Ä9L]XUD - %LEOLRWHND 1RYL 3RUHGDN³

x %HN85L]LþQRGUXãWYRXVXVUHWQRYRM
PRGHUQL, %HRJUDG Ä)LOLS 9LãQMLü³

x %HN 8 6YHWVNR UL]LþQR GUXãWYR X
SRWUD]L ]D L]JXEOMHQRP VLJXUQRãüX 
1RYL6DG„$NDGHPVNDNQMLJD³
x %HUþ . L 0LKQMHQNR 9 8VSRQ L SDG
QHROLEHUDOL]PD – NUDM MHGQRJ
HNRQRPVNRJSRUHWND"%HRJUDGÄ=DYRG
]DXGåEHQLNH³
x %RURYLü % 'LMDEROLþQL SODQ ]D
SRUREOMDYDQMH þRYMHþDQVWYD
Ä*HRSROLWLND³ %HRJUDG QRYHPEDU

x &DSUD ) 9ULMHPH SUHRNUHWD, =DJUHE
Ä*OREXV³
x &KRVVXGRYVN\ 0 *OREDOL]DFLMD ELMHGH
L QRYL VYMHWVNL SRUHGDN, =DJUHE
Ä3URPHWHM³
x ýRPVNL 1 +HJHPRQLMD LOL RSVWDQDN
1RYL6DGÄ5XELNRQ³
x ýRPVNL 1 ,PSHULMDOQH DPELFLMH
5D]JRYRUL V 1RDPRP ýRPVNLP 
%HRJUDGÄ%HRNQMLJD³
x ýRPVNL 1 ,QWHUYHQFLMH 1RYL 6DG
Ä5XELNRQ³
112
x ýRPVNL 1 -HU PL WDNR NDåHPR
%HRJUDGÄ6OXåEHQLJODVQLN³
x ýRPVNL 1 .RQWUROD PHGLMD
6SHNWDNXODUQD GRVWLJQXüD
SURSDJDQGH  1RYL 6DG Ä5XELNRQ³
%HRJUDGÄ%HRNQMLJD³
x ýRPVNL 1 .RQWUROLVDQD GHPRNUDWLMD
3RGJRULFDÄ&,'³
x ýRPVNL 1 0Rü L WHURU %HRJUDG
Ä9XONDQ³
x ýRPVNL 1 1RYL PLOLWDULVWLþNL
KXPDQL]DP /HNFLMH VD .RVRYD
%HRJUDGÄ3ODWR³
x ýRPVNL 1 2 DQDUKL]PX 1RYL 6DG
Ä0HGLWHUUDQ3XEOLVKLQJ³
x ýRPVNL 1 3URILW L]QDG OMXGL
QHROLEHUDOL]DP L JOREDOQL SRUHGDN
1RYL6DGÄ6YHWRYL³
x ýRPVNL 1 3URSDJDQGD L MDYQR
PQMHQMH 5D]JRYRUL V 1RDPRP
ýRPVNLP  1RYL6DGÄ5XELNRQ³
x ýRPVNL 1 5HNYLMHP ]D DPHULþNL VDQ
GHVHWSULQFLSDNRQFHQWUDFLMHERJDWVWYDL
PRüL 1RYL 6DG Ä$NDGHPVND NQMLJD³

x ýRPVNL 1 6QRYL L QDGDQMD %HRJUDG
Ä9XONDQ³
x ýRPVNL 1 6YHWVNL SRUHGDN VWDUL L
QRYL%HRJUDG

113
x ýRPVNL 1 âWD WR X VWYDUL  KRüH
Amerika %HRJUDG Ä,QVWLWXW ]D
SROLWLþNHVWXGLMH³
x 'HNDQLü,*HRSROLWLNDHQHUJLMHXORJD
HQHUJLMHXVXYUHPHQRPJOREDOL]LUDQRP
JRVSRGDUVWYX =DJUHE Ä*ROGHQ
PDUNHWLQJ³
x 'XãDQLü%-1HROLEHUDOL]DPUDVSUDYH
X $NDGHPLML HNRQRPVNLK QDXND,
%HRJUDGÄ&DWHQDPXQGL³
x (ULNVHQ + 7 3DUDQRMD JOREDOL]DFLMH
,VODP L VYLMHW SRVOLMH  VHSWHPEUD 
6DUDMHYRÄ6HMWDULMD³
x )HUJXVRQ19HOLNDGHJHQHUDFLMDNDNR
VH LQVWLWXFLMH UDVSDGDMX L HNRQRPLMH
XPLUX%HRJUDGÄ3ODWR³
x )XUHGL ) 3R]LY QD WHURU UDVWXüH
FDUVWYR QHSR]QDWRJ =DJUHE Ä1DNODGD
/MHYDN³
x *LGHQV ( 2GEHJOL VYHW NDNR
JOREDOL]DFLMD SUHREOLNXMH QDãH åLYRWH,
%HRJUDGÄ6WXERYLNXOWXUH³
x *LGHQV ( 3RVOHGLFH PRGHUQRVWL,
%HRJUDGÄ)LOLS9LãQMLü³
x *LGHQV ( 6RFLRORJLMD, %HRJUDG
Ä(NRQRPVNLIDNXOWHW³
x *OREDOL]DFLMD – DUJXPHQWL SURWLY
3ULUHGLOL 'åHUL 0DQGHU L (GYDUG
*ROGVPLW %HRJUDGÄ&/,2³
x *OREDOL]DFLMD L GHVXYHUHQL]DFLMD,
=ERUQLN 8U 9 9XOHWLü - ûLULü 8
114
 âXYDNRYLü  %HRJUDG Ä6USVNR
VRFLRORãNR GUXãWYR – %HRJUDG³ -
Ä,QVWLWXW]DXSRUHGQRSUDYR– %HRJUDG³
.RVRYVND 0LWURYLFD Ä)LOR]RIVNL
IDNXOWHW 8QLYHU]LWHWD X 3ULãWLQL -
.RVRYVND0LWURYLFD³
x *OREDOL]DFLMD L JORNDOL]DFLMD
PHÿXQDURGQL WHPDWVNL]ERUQLN 8UHGLOL
L SULUHGLOL 8URã âXYDNRYLü 2OLYHUD
0DUNRYLü-6DYLü  .RVRYVND 0LWURYLFD
Ä)LOR]RIVNL IDNXOWHW 8QLYHU]LWHWD X
3ULãWLQL³ %HRJUDG Ä6USVNR VRFLRORãNR
GUXãWYR – ,QVWLWXW ]D SROLWLþNH VWXGLMH³
.RVRYVND0LWURYLFD
x *OREDOL]DFLMD L VDYUHPHQRVW =ERUQLN
UDGRYD 3ULUHGLR %UDFR .RYDþHYLü 
%DQMD /XND Ä(YURSVNL GHIHQGRORJLMD
FHQWDU]DQDXþQDSROLWLþNDHNRQRPVND
VRFLMDOQD EH]EMHGQRVQD VRFLRORãND L
NULPLQRORãNDLVWUDåLYDQMD³
x *OREDOL]DFLMD – PLW LOL VWYDUQRVW
3ULUHGLR 9ODGLPLU 9XOHWLü  %HRJUDG
Ä=DYRG ]D XGåEHQLNH L QDVWDYQD
VUHGVWYD³
x *OREDOL]DFLMD 3ULUHGLR$0LODUGRYLü 
2VLMHN-=DJUHE-6SOLWÄ3DQOLEHU³
x *UXS 'å .RUSRUDWL]DP WDMQD YODGD
1RYRJ VYHWVNRJ SRUHWND, %HRJUDG
„$GPLUDO%RRNV³

115
x +DUDODPERV 0 +ROERUQ 0
6RFLRORJLMDWHPHLSHUVSHNWLYH, =DJUHE
Ä*ROGHQPDUNHWLQJ³
x +DUDUL 1 - 6DSLMHQV NUDWND LVWRULMD
OMXGVNRJ URGD, %HRJUDG Ä%LEOLRQHU³

x +DUGW 0 1HJUL $ ,PSHULM, =DJUHE
Ä0XOWLPHGLMDOQLLQVWLWXW$UN]LQ³
x +DUGW 0 1HJUL $ 0QRãWYR – UDW L
GHPRNUDFLMD X GRED ,PSHULMD, =DJUHE
Ä0XOWLPHGLMDOQLLQVWLWXW³
x +DUULV0-(NRQRPLMDåLYRWQHVUHGLQH
LSULURGQLKUHVXUVDVDYUHPHQLSULVWXS,
%HRJUDGÄ'DWDVWDWXV³
x +DUWPDQ 1 3RVOMHGQL GDQL SODQHWH
=HPOMH QDXþQL GRND]L ]D EU]L NUDM
VYLMHWD%HRJUDGÄ0HWDSK\VLFD³
x +DUYL ' .UDWND LVWRULMD
QHROLEHUDOL]PD, 1RYL 6DG „0HGLWHUUDQ
3XEOLVKLQJ³
x +HOG ' 'HPRNUDWLMD L JOREDOQL
SRUHGDN %HRJUDG Ä)LOLS 9LãQMLü³

x +HUPDQ6(590HNþHVQL*OREDOQL
PHGLML 1RYL PLVLRQDUL NRUSRUDWLYQRJ
NDSLWDOL]PD%HRJUDGÄ&/,2³
x +REVEDXP ( *OREDOL]DFLMD
GHPRNUDWLMD L WRWDOLWDUL]DP %HRJUDG
Ä$UKLSHODJ³
x ,GHQWLWHWLJOREDOL]DFLMD=HQLFD

116
x ,OLü 9 )DPLOLMD PHGLMVNL SRUHGDN
QRYRJDVYHWD, %HRJUDGÄ.RQUDV³
x .DODLü ' $PHULþNR ]OR, %HRJUDG
Ä%,*=³
x .DQWRQ 'å (NVWUHPQD EXGXüQRVW
QDM]QDþDMQLMH WHQGHQFLMH NRMH üe
SURPHQLWL VYHW X QDUHGQLK SHW GHVHW L
GYDGHVHW JRGLQD, %HRJUDG Ä&/,2³

x .OHLQ 1 'RNWULQD ãRND XVSRQ
NDSLWDOL]PD NDWDVWURIH  =DJUHE
Ä*UDILþNL=DYRG+UYDWVNH³
x .OHLQ 1 2JUDGH L SUR]RUL GRSLVL V
OLQLMD IURQWH VSRUD R JOREDOL]DFLML,
=DJUHEÄ9%=³
x .RYDþHYLü % 'HYLMDFLMH L DQRPLMD,
%DQMD /XND Ä(YURSVNL GHIHQGRORJLMD
FHQWDU]DQDXþQDSROLWLþNDHNRQRPVND
VRFLMDOQD EH]EMHGQRVQD VRFLRORãND L
NULPLQRORãND LVWUDåLYDQMD %DQMD /XND³

x .RYDþHYLü % 'UåDYD L
GHVXYHUHQL]DFLMD, %DQMD /XND
Ä(YURSVNL GHIHQGRORJLMD FHQWDU ]D
QDXþQDSROLWLþNDHNRQRPVNDVRFLMDOQD
EH]EMHGQRVQDVRFLRORãNDLNULPLQRORãND
LVWUDåLYDQMD%DQMD/XND³
x .RYDþHYLü%*OREDOQLHNRQRPVNLUDWL
KXPDQLWDUQH LQWHUYHQFLMH, X
*OREDOL]DFLMD L JORNDOL]DFLMD
PHÿXQDURGQL WHPDWVNL]ERUQLN 8UHGLOL
117
 L SULUHGLOL 8URã âXYDNRYLü 2OLYHUD
0DUNRYLü-6DYLü  Ä)LOR]RIVNL IDNXOWHW
8QLYHU]LWHWD X 3ULãWLQL³ - .RVRYVND
0LWURYLFDÄ6USVNRVRFLRORãNRGUXãWYR–
,QVWLWXW ]D SROLWLþNH VWXGLMH³ - %HRJUDG
.RVRYVND0LWURYLFD
x .RYDþHYLü%.RYDþHYLü,*OREDOQH
QHMHGQDNRVWLLEH]EMHGQRVQHSULMHWQMH,
%DQMD /XND Ä(YURSVNL GHIHQGRORJLMD
FHQWDU ]D QDXþQD SROLWLþND
HNRQRPVND VRFLMDOQD EH]EMHGQRVQD
VRFLRORãND L NULPLQRORãND
LVWUDåLYDQMD³
x .RYDþHYLü % .RYDþHYLü , .OLPDWVNH
SURPMHQH PLWLOLUHDOQRVW %DQMD/XND
Ä(YURSVNL GHIHQGRORJLMD FHQWDU ]D
QDXþQDSROLWLþNDHNRQRPVNDVRFLMDOQD
EH]EMHGQRVQDVRFLRORãNDLNULPLQRORãND
LVWUDåLYDQMD%DQMD/XND³
x .RYDþHYLü %  .RYDþHYLü ,
6RFLRORJ\ RI *OREDO 5LVN 6RFLHW\,
%DQMD /XND Ä(YURSVNL GHIHQGRORJLMD
FHQWDU ]D QDXþQD SROLWLþND
HNRQRPVND VRFLMDOQD EH]EMHGQRVQD
VRFLRORãNDLNULPLQRORãNDLVWUDåLYDQMD
%DQMD/XND³
x .RYDþHYLü % 3HWURYLü - 6LURPDãWYR L
PLJUDFLMH ERVDQVNRKHUFHJRYDþND
SHUVSHNWLYD , %DQMD /XND Ä(YURSVNL
GHIHQGRORJLMD FHQWDU ]D QDXþQD
SROLWLþND HNRQRPVND VRFLMDOQD

118
 EH]EMHGQRVQDVRFLRORãNDLNULPLQRORãND
LVWUDåLYDQMD%DQMD/XND³
x .RYDþHYLü%5DWLHNRORJLMD (NRORãNH
SRVOMHGLFH 1$72 ERPEDUGRYDQMD
5HSXEOLNH 6USVNH L 65 -XJRVODYLMH 
%DQMD/XND
x .RYDþHYLü % 6HUEV LQ WKH 1HZ :RUOG
Order, %DQMD /XND Ä(YURSVNL
GHIHQGRORJLMD FHQWDU ]D QDXþQD
SROLWLþND HNRQRPVND VRFLMDOQD
EH]EMHGQRVQDVRFLRORãNDLNULPLQRORãND
LVWUDåLYDQMD %DQMD /XND³ 
'RVWXSQR QD
KWWSVZZZGHIHQGRORJLMD-
EDQMDOXNDFRPLQGH[SKSL]GDQMD
x .RYDþHYLü%9HMQRYLü'/DWLQþLü5
L GU 1H]DSRVOHQRVW L QHL]YMHVQRVW
%DQMD /XND Ä.OXE LQWHOHNWXDODFD ³

x .RYDþHYLü%=DUREOMHQDGUåDYD%DQMD
/XNDÄ(YURSVNLGHIHQGRORJLMDFHQWDU]D
QDXþQDSROLWLþNDHNRQRPVNDVRFLMDOQD
EH]EMHGQRVQDVRFLRORãNDLNULPLQRORãND
LVWUDåLYDQMD%DQMD/XND³
x .XNLü6*OREDOL]DFLMD– SURHWFRQWUD
X ,GHQWLWHW L JOREDOL]DFLMD =HQLFD

x .XNLü66RFLRORJLMDWHRULMDGUXãWYHQH
strukture, 6DUDMHYR Ä6DUDMHYR
3XEOLVKLQJ³

119
x .XNLü6=DJOREDOL]DFLMXVROLGDUQRVWLL
KXPDQL]PD D SURWLY L]UDEOMLYDQMD L
VYLMHWD NDSLWDOD X *OREDOL]DFLMD L
VDYUHPHQRVW =ERUQLN UDGRYD 3ULUHGLR
%UDFR .RYDþHYLü  %DQMD /XND
Ä(YURSVNL GHIHQGRORJLMD FHQWDU ]D
QDXþQDSROLWLþNDHNRQRPVNDVRFLMDOQD
EH]EMHGQRVQDVRFLRORãNDLNULPLQRORãND
LVWUDåLYDQMD³
x /DSH 0 ) .ROLQV 'å 5RVHW 3
'YDQDHVW PLWRYD R JODGL X VYHWX,
%HRJUDGÄ&/,2³
x /LVLþNLQ$9âHOMHSLQ$/*OREDOQD
LPSHULMD ]OD QRYD JHRSROLWLþND
UDVSRGHOD VQDJD, %DQMD /XND
Ä8GUXåHQMH VRFLRORJD³ %HRJUDG
Ä9DOLGXV³
x 0DOHãHYLü66RFLRORJLMDUDWDLQDVLOMD
=DJUHE Ä1DNODGD -HVHQVNL L 7XUN³

x 0DQGUD $ 2VQRYL VRFLRORJLMH
3RGJRULFDÄ&,'³
x 0DUWLQHOL $ 0RGHUQL]DP SURFHV
PRGHUQL]DFLMH, 3RGJRULFDÄ&,'³
x 0LKDOLN 0 0RUDO L UDW, %HRJUDG
Ä9RMQRL]GDYDþNL]DYRG³
x 0LODQRYLü % %RJDWDãL L VLURPDVL
NUDWND L QHRELþQD LVWRULMD JOREDOQH
QHMHGQDNRVWL %HRJUDG Ä6OXåEHQL
JODVQLN³

120
x 0LODQRYLü % 'RELWQLFL L JXELWQLFL
NUDWND L RVHEXMQD SRYLMHVW JOREDOQH
QHMHGQDNRVWL =DJUHE Ä7,0 SUHVV³

x 0LORãHYLü = ,PSHULMDOQR UD]DUDQMH
GUåDYD, %HRJUDG Ä,QVWLWXW ]D SROLWLþNH
VWXGLMH³
x 0LORãHYLü =2WNULYDQMHGUåDYHSULORJ
SURXþDYDQMX JHR SROLWLþNLKSURPHQDu
VYHWX, %HRJUDG Ä,QVWLWXW ]D SROLWLþNH
VWXGLMH³
x 0LORãHYLü = 8QLMD NRUSRUDWLYQRJ
NDSLWDOL]PD HNRQRPVNL SROLWLþNL L
NXOWXUQL LQVWUXPHQWL 1RYRJ VYHWVNRJ
SRUHWND, %HRJUDG Ä,QVWLWXW ]D SROLWLþNH
VWXGLMH³
x 0LOXWLQRYLü 9 1HROLEHUDOQD EDMND
NULWLND QHROLEHUDOQH LGHRORJLMH,
%HRJUDGÄ'RVLMHVWXGLR³
x 0XPIRUG / 0LW R PDãLQL WHKQLND L
UD]YRM þRYMHND, W  =DJUHE Ä*UDILþNL
]DYRG+UYDWVNH³
x 1D LYLFL – äLYHWL VD JOREDOQLP
NDSLWDOL]PRP 3ULUHGLOL(QWRQL*LGHQVL
9LO+DWRQ %HRJUDGÄ3ODWR³
x 1Hã . 6DYUHPHQD SROLWLþND
VRFLRORJLMD JOREDOL]DFLMD SROLWLND L
PRü, %HRJUDG Ä6OXåEHQL JODVQLN³


121
x 3DLüä3ROLWLNDLGHQWLWHWDNXOWXUDNDR
QRYD LGHRORJLMD =DJUHE
Ä$QWLEDUEDUXV³
x 3HþXMOLü 0 *OREDOL]DFLMD GYD OLND
VYHWD, %HRJUDG Ä*XWHPEHUJRYD
JDODNVLMD³
x 3HWURYLü-3LURüDQDF = *HRSROLWLND
HQHUJLMH %LWQD UD]YRMQD NRPSRQHQWD
GUXãWYD X ;;, VWROHüX  %HRJUDG
Ä,QVWLWXW ]D SROLWLþNH VWXGLMH &HQWDU
C-XJRLVWRNC³
x 3HWURYLü-3LURüDQDF = *HRSROLWLND
KUDQH %LWQD UD]YRMQD NRPSRQHQWD
GUXãWYD X ;;, VWROHüX  %HRJUDG
Ä,QVWLWXW ]D SROLWLþNH VWXGLMH &HQWDU
-XJRLVWRN³
x 3LNHWL 7 (NRQRPLMD QHMHGQDNRVWL
%HRJUDGÄ.DUSRV³
x 3OHYQLN - &LMHQD QRYRJ SRUHWND
VYMHWVNL L]D]RYL QDFLRQDOQLP
LQWHUHVLPD, =DJUHE Ä*ROGHQ PDUNHWLQJ
– 7HKQLþNDNQMLJD³
x 3RQWLQJ . (NRORãND LVWRULMD VYHWD
äLYRWQD VUHGLQD L SURSDVW YHOLNLK
FLYLOL]DFLMD, %HRJUDG³2GLVHMD´
x 5DQGHUV- *OREDOQDSURJQR]D]D
VOMHGHüLK þHWUGHVHW JRGLQD, =DJUHE
Ä0DWH³
x 5HLQHUW 6 ( *OREDOQD HNRQRPLMD
NDNR VX ERJDWL SRVWDOL ERJDWL L ]DãWR

122
 VLURPDãQLSRVWDMXVLURPDãQLML%HRJUDG
ÄýLJRMDãWDPSD³
x 5LFHU 'å 6DYUHPHQD VRFLRORãND
WHRULMDLQMHQLNODVLþQLNRUHQL, %HRJUDG
Ä6OXåEHQLJODVQLN³
x 5LIINLQ - %LRWHKQRORãNR VWROMHüH
WUJRYLQD JHQLPD X RVYLW YUORJ QRYRJ
VYLMHWD, =DJUHE Ä1DNODGD -HVHQVNL L
7XUN³
x 5L]LFL JOREDOQLK NDWDVWURID 3ULUHGLOL
1LN %RVWURP 0LODQ 0 ûLUNRYLü 
6PHGHUHYRÄ+HOLNV³
x 5L]LFLLEH]EMHGQRVQHSULMHWQMH, =ERUQLN
UDGRYD 3ULUHGLR %UDFR .RYDþHYLü 
%DQMD/XND
x 5L]LFL L HNR-EH]EHGQRVW X
SRVWPRGHUQRP DPELMHQWX =ERUQLN
UDGRYD1RYL3D]DUÄ'UåDYQLXQLYH]LWHW
X1RYRP3D]DUX³
x 5RGULN ' 3DUDGRNV JOREDOL]DFLMH
]DãWR VYHWVNR WUåLãWH GUåDYD L
GHPRNUDWLMD QH LGX ]DMHGQR, %HRJUDG
Ä-36OXåEHQLJODVQLN³
x 6DNV ' 'å 'RED RGUåLYRJ UD]YRMD,
%HRJUDG Ä&HQWDU ]D PHÿXQDURGQX
VDUDGQMX L RGUåLYL UD]YRM 6OXåEHQL
JODVQLN³
x 6DQWRV % 'H 6R]D 3URFHVL
JOREDOL]DFLMH, Ä5Hþ³ EU  
GHFHPEUD

123
x 6HQND 5LPD QDG 9DãLQJWRQRP 3UR HW
FRQWUD %HRJUDGÄ)LOLS9LãQMLü³
x 6KLYD95DWRYL]DYRGXSULYDWL]DFLMD
]DJDÿLYDQMHLSURILW, =DJUHEÄ'$)³

x 6LURPDãWYR L JOREDOQD EH]EMHGQRVW,
=ERUQLN 8U %UDFR .RYDþHYLü  %DQMD
/XND
x 6PLWK 0 - 6MHPH REPDQH
UD]RWNULYDQMH NRUSRUDFLMVNLK L YODGLQLK
ODåL R VLJXUQRVWL JHQHWVNL PRGLILFLUDQH
KUDQHNRMXMHGHWH, =DJUHE
x 6OLMHSþHYLü Ĉ ,OLü % 0LWURYLü Ĉ
1RYD HNRQRPLMD X XVORYLPD
JOREDOL]DFLMH L LQIRUPDWLþNRJ GUXãWYD,
%DQMD/XND
x 6RFLRORJLMD RNUXåHQMD VRFLRORãND
KUHVWRPDWLMD 3ULUHGLR/MXELQNR3XãLü 
1RYL 6DG Ä0HGLWHUUDQ 3XEOLVKLQJ
9RMYRÿDQVND VRFLRORãND DVRFLMDFLMD³

x 6RO 5 'å 3URSDVW JOREDOL]PD L
SUHREOLNRYDQMH VYHWD, %HRJUDG
Ä$UKLSHODJ³
x 6WHJHU % 0 *OREDOL]DFLMD, 6DUDMHYR
ÄâDKLQSDãLü³
x 6WLJOLF ( 'å 3URWLYUHþQRVWL
JOREDOL]DFLMH, %HRJUDG
x 6WLJOLW](-*OREDOL]DFLMDLGYRMEHNRMH
L]D]LYD, =DJUHEÄ$OJRULWDP³

124
x 6WLJOLW](-8VSMHKJOREDOL]DFLMH1RYL
NRUDFL GR SUDYHGQRJD VYLMHWD, =DJUHE
Ä$OJRULWDP³
x âLMDNRYLü , *OREDOQD HNRQRPLMD L
WHURUL]DP, %DQMD /XND Ä$FWD
HFRQRPLFD³EU
x âLMDNRYLü , 6RFLRORJLMD – XYRG X
UD]XPHYDQMHJOREDOQRJGUXãWYD%DQMD
/XNDÄ(NRQRPVNLIDNXOWHW³
x âLMDNRYLü , 9LOLü ' 6RFLRORJLMD
VDYUHPHQRJ GUXãWYD, %DQMD /XND
Ä(NRQRPVNLIDNXOWHW³
x âLPOHãD ' .DNR SRWURãLWL VYLMHW PDOD
ãNROD UDWRYD ]D UHVXUVH, =DJUHE
Ä'UXãWYR ]D SURPLFDQMH NQMLåHYQRVWL QD
QRYLPPHGLMLPD³
x âROWH$ -*OREDOL]DFLMDNULWLþNLXYRG
3RGJRULFDÄ&,'³
x âWLJOLF'å3URWLYUHþQRVWLJOREDOL]DFLMH
%HRJUDG
x âXOFH +, 'UåDYD L QDFLMD X HYURSVNRM
LVWRULML%HRJUDG
x 7DUQHU + 'å 6RFLRORJLMD, 1RYL 6DG-
%HRJUDG Ä0HGLWHUUDQ 3XEOLVKLQJ³

x 7HURUL]DPXEXGXüQRVWL 8U07D\ORU
L - +RUJDQ  =DJUHE Ä*ROGHQ
PDUNHWLQJ³
x 7HVWHU . 7KH 6RFLDO 7KRXJKW RI
=LJPXQW %DXPDQ, Ä3DOJUDYH
0DFPLOODQ³
125
 x 9HVWDG $ 2 *OREDOQL KODGQL UDW
LQWHUYHQFLMH X 7UHüHP VYHWX L
REOLNRYDQMH QDãHJ GRED, %HRJUDG
Ä$UKLSHODJ³
x 9LGDO * 5DW L] VQRYD .UY ]D QDIWX –
UD]YRM DPHULþNLK LPSHULMDOQLK
DPELFLMD  %HRJUDG ÄýDUREQD NQMLJD³

x 9LGRMHYLü = .XGD YRGL JOREDOL]DFLMD
%HRJUDG Ä,3 C)LOLS 9LãQMLüC - ,QVWLWXW
GUXãWYHQLKQDXND³
x :DONHU 5 & 0RGHUQD WHKQRORJLMD L
FLYLOL]DFLMD XYRGXOMXGVNHSUREOHPHX
GRED VWURMHYD  =DJUHE ³1DSULMHG´


Internet izvori:

x KWWSELJSRUWDOEDNDNR-EL-
L]JOHGDOD-]HPOMD-GD-QD-QMRM-QHPD-OMXGL
x KWWSELJSRUWDOEDSULURGQH-
UHVXUVH-WURVLPR-EU]H-QHJR-VWR-VH-
UHJHQHULVX
x KWWSELJSRUWDOEDX-
YD]GXKX-MH-WROLNR-FR-GD-QRYH-VXPH-
YLVH-QH-PRJX-GD-QDV-VSDVX
KWWSELJSRUWDOEDSULMH--
JRGLQD-ELOL-VX-QDMERJDWLML-QD-VYLMHWX-D-
VDG-MHGYD-SUH]LYOMDYDMX

126
x KWWSELJSRUWDOEDLPDPR-
PDOR-YUHPHQD-QDXFQLN-L]UDFXQDR-NDGD-
FH-FRYMHFDQVWYR-QHVWDWL
x KWWSELJSRUWDOEDGRELWQLFL-
QREHORYH-QDJUDGH-RSLVDOL-NDNR-FH-
FRYHFDQVWYR-QHVWDWL
x KWWSELIUVSROLWLFND-
RGJRYRUQRVW-]D-UD]YRM-YHVWDFNH-
LQWHOLJHQFLMH-GD-OL-FH-QDP-YUHGQRVWL-
RGUHGLYDWL-DOJRULWPL-SXVWHQL-V-ODQFD
x ýRPVNL1RDP1XNOHDUQRRUXåMH
NOLPDWVNHSURPHQHL L]JOHGL]D
RSVWDQDN'RVWXSQRQD
KWWSZZZ\NDFRPQRYRVWQR
DP-FRPVNL-QXNOHDUQR-RUX]MH-NOLPDWVNH-
SURPHQH-L-L]JOHGL-]D-RSVWDQDN
x KWWSVQHWKUGDQDV]QDQRVWGYLMH-
PR]HPR-VSULMHFLWL-DOL-WUHFX-VWHSKHQ-
KDZNLQJ-XSR]RUDYD-QD-WUL-VWYDUL-NRMH-
PRJX-XQLVWLWL-FRYMHFDQVWYR
x KWWSVQHWKUGDQDV]QDQRVWL]XPLUDQMH-
QD-SODQHWX-]HPOML-UH]XOWDWL-QDMQRYLMH-
VWXGLMH-VX-DODUPDQWQL-FRYMHFDQVWYR-EL-
WUHEDOR-UHDJLUDWL
x KWWSVQRYD-DNURSRODFRPFRYMHN-L-
VYLMHWDNWXDOQRJOREDOL]DFLMD
x KWWSVZZZRVORERGMHQMHEDRWHKQROR
JLMDQDXNDGHVHW-YHOLNLK-L]D]RYD-
FRYMHFDQVWYD-GR-

127
x KWWSZZZUWYEQFRPJOREDOQ
R-]DJULYDQMH-UL]LFQR-SR-]GUDYOMH-
QDMXJUR]HQLML-HYURSOMDQL
x KWWSVZZZYHFHUQMLKUWHFKVFL-
SULMHWQML-NRMH-PRJX-XQLVWLWL-]LYRW-QD-
]HPOML-SDQGHPLMH-DVWHURLGL-NOLPDWVNH-
SURPMHQH-LOL-MH-VYH-VDPR-PDWUL[-
1

128
%5$&2.29$ý(9,û,5,1$.29$ý(9,û
GLOBALIZACIJA DESTRUKCIJE

âWDPSD
0$5.26%DQMD/XND

=DãWDPSDULMX
,JRU-DNRYOMHYLü

7HKQLþNDSULSUHPD
'DQLMHO-RYLü

7LUDå
200
CIP - Каталогизација у публикацији
Народна и универзитетска библиотека
Републике Српске, Бања Лука

316.42:316.624

КОВАЧЕВИЋ, Брацо, 1952-

Globalizacija destrukcije / Braco Kovačević, Irina Kovačević. -
Banja Luka : Evropski defendologija centar za naučna, politička,
ekonomska, socijalna, bezbjednosna, sociološka i kriminološka
istraživanja, 2019 (Banja Luka : Markos). - 128 str. ; 20
0 cm

Tiraž 200. - Napomene i bibliografske reference uz tekst. - Bibliografija:

str. 111-128..

ISBN 978-99976-22-44-0
0

1. Ковачевић, Ирина [аутор]

COBISS.RS-ID 8103448