1. SCOPE LA This specification covers nonre- inforced concrete pipe imtended to be used for the conveyance of sewage. in- dustrial wastes. storm water, and for the ‘construction of culverts 1.2. This specification is the metric counterpart of M 86. The values stated 1 SI units are to be regarded as standard, NOTE 1—This specification is a manufac tunng. and purchase specificauon only and ‘oes not include requirements for bedding. backfill. the relationship between field load condition and the strength classification of pipe. However. expenence has shown that the successful performance of this product ‘depends upon the proper selection ofthe class ‘of pipe type of bedding and backfill and care that the msalaton conforms to the constr tion specifications. The owner ofthe concrete Pipe specified herein is cautioned that he must corelate the field requirements withthe clas of pipe specified and provide for or require inspection atthe constuction site 2, REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 24 AASHTO Standards: M6 Fine Aggregate for Portland Cement Concrete Coarse Aggregate for Porttand Cement Concrete Portland Cement Liguid Membrane- Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete M80 zz Thien wim ASTM C 14N698, xc for ting vos eng 40 te SA tet " ‘Standard Specification for Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, Culvert Pipe [Metric AASHTO DESIGNATION: M 86M-95' (ASTM DESIGNATION: C 14M-94) M 198 Joints for Circular Concrete Sewer and Culvert Pipe, Using Rubber Gaskets M 240 Blended Hydraulic ‘Cements M 262 Terms Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products M 295 Fly Ash and Raw or Caleined Natural Pozzolan for Use as & Mineral Admixture in Porland Cement Concrete Testing. Concrete Pipe. Sections. or Tile T 280 3. TERMINOLOGY 3 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe. sce M 262, 4. CLASSIFICATION 1 Pipe manufactured according to this specification shall be of three classes identified as “Class 1 Nonreinforced Concrete Pipe.” “Class 2 Nonreinforced Concrete Pipe,” and “Class 3 Nonrei forced Concrete Pipe.” The comrespond- ing strength requirements are prescribed in Table 1 5, BASIS OF ACCEPTANCE SL The acceptability of the pipe shall be determined by the results of the test prescribed in this section, when required. and by inspection to determine whether the pipe conforms to this specif cation as to design and freedom from defects 5.2. Acceptance as to Strength Prop- erties—Pipe shall be acceptable under the strength tests when they have met the requirements as prescribed in Sec- tion 10.3. 5.3 Acceprance as to Absorption Properties—Pipe shall be acceptable un- Ger the absorption test when they have met the requitements as prescribed in Section 10.4 ‘5A Acceprance as 10 Permeability Properties—Pipe shall be acceptable un- der the permeability test when they have met the requirements as prescribed in Section 10.5 NOTE 2—Pnor to purchase. the owner ‘may specify the hydrostatic test prescribed in ‘Section 10.6 instead of the permeability test 55. Accepiance as 10 Hydrostatic Properties—Pipe shall be acceptable ur- der the hydrostatic test when they have met the requirements as prescribed in Section 10.6. 6. MATERIALS 6.1 Concrete—The concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, min- eral aggregates, and water. 6.2 Cementitious Materials: 62.1 Cement—Cement shall con- form to the requirements for portland ‘cement of M85 or shall be portland ‘blast-furnace slag cement or portiand- pozzolan cement conforming to the re- Guirements of M 240, except that the pozzolan constituent in the Type IP pon.-aeae eee eternal eee eer eee eee M SoM SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS: TABLE 1 Physical and Dimensional Requirements for Nonreinforeed Concrete Pipe! Clas 1 Class 2 Chass 3 Minimar Minimo Imemal Minimum St Minimum Siength. Minimum Stren Designated Thickness KNVinear m. Thickness kNfinear m, Thickness Minar ‘Dameter of Wall, Thre-Edge of Wall, Three-Edge of Wall, Three-Edge rm m Bearing mun Bea nm Bearing 100) 20 9 350 150) ~ = 99 2 380 20 20 350 250 20 50 300 330 sao 315 380 a 20 350 Ho 5 380 525 480 560 600 323 5 40 s STs oo 670 750 930 wo ms 2s os oso. 3 70 on 0. 655. ny 230 land pozzolan cement shall be fly ash and shall not exceed 25 percent by weight. 6.2.2. Fly Ash—Fly ash shall con form tothe requirements of M 295, Class F of Class C 62.3 Allowable Combinations of Cementitious Marerials—The combina- tion of cementitious materials used in the concrete shall be one of the following: 6.23.1 Portland cement only. 623.2 Portland blast-fumace slag ‘cement only. 62.3.3 Pomland pozzolan cement only. oF 6.234 A combination of portland ccement and fly ash wherein the propor- tion of fly ash is between 5 and 25 percent by mass of total cementitious ‘matenal (portland cement plus fly ash). 6.3 Ageregates—Aggregates shall conform to M 6 and M 80, except that the requirement tor gradation shall not apply. 64 Admictures and Blends— ‘Admixtures and blends‘may be used with the approval of the owner. 7. DESIGN TL Design Tables—Design require- iments shall be in accordance with Table 1, Wall thickness used may be more than but not less than the value shown, except as affected by the tolerance herein speci- fied and by the provision for modified design, 72 Modified or Special Desien— Manufacturers may submit to the ossner for approval. prior to manufacture. wall thicknesses other than those shown in Table [. Such pipe shall meet all of the Physical requirements listed in Section 10 that are specified by the owner. 8. JOINTS 8.1 The oins shall be of such design and the ends ofthe concrete pipe sections 50 formed that the pipe can be laid to- ‘gether fo make a continuous line of pipe Compatible with the permissible vana- tions given in Section 11 9. MANUFACTURE 9.1 Mixtre—The aggregates shall bbe sized, graded, proportioned. and mixed with such proportions of cemeati- tious materials and water as will produce ‘a homogeneous concrete mixture of such {quality that the pipe will conform 10 the test and design requirements of this specification. All concrete shall have a water-cementitious matenals ratio not exceeding 0.53 by mass. Cementitious ‘materials shall be as specified in Section 6.2 and shall be added to the mix in a proportion not less than 280 kg/m’ unless mix designs with a lower cementitious 15 materials content demonstrate that the quality and performance of the pipe meet the requirements of this specification. 9.2 Curing—Pipe shall be subjected to any one of the methods of curing described in Sections 9 2.1 through 9.2.4 or to any other method or combination of methods approved by the owner that will give satisfactory results. The pipe shall be adequately cured to obtain the strength properties as prescribed in 5.2 9.2.1 Steam Curing—Pipe may be placed in a curing chamber, free from outside drafts. and cured in a moist atmo- sphere maintained by the injection of steam for such time and such temperature as may be needed to enable the pipe to meet the strength requirements. The curing chamber shall be so constructed as 10 allow full circulation of steam around the entire pipe. 9.2.2 Warer Curine—Conerete pipe may be water-cured by covering with water-saturated material or by a system ‘of pertorated pipes. mechanical sprink- lers, porous hose, or by any other ap- proved method that will Keep the pipe moist during the specified curing period. 9.2.3 The manufacturer may. at his ‘option. combine the methods described in Sections 9.2.1 and 9.2.2 provided the specified strength is attained. 9.24 Membrane Curing—A sealing membrane conforming to the require: ments of M 148 may be applied and left imtact until the specified sirength require: ments are met. The concrete at the time ‘of application shall be within 6°C of the atmospheric temperature. ll surfaces shall be Kept moist prior the application of the compounds and shall be damp ‘when the compound is applied. 93. Specials: 931 General Requirements—Spe- cial shapes or ftings such as wyes. tees, bends, and adapters for use with conerete pipe conforming to this specification shall conform to the applicable require- ‘ments for concrete pipe of corresponding class and internal diameter, Joints shall be compatible with those used in adjoining concrete pipes. 93.2 Fabricated Branches—Fabri- cated branches for wyes and tees shall be securely attached to the wall of the pipe jn such a manner as not to resinct or otherwise itertere with the flow charac- teristics of the pipe.6 SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS M 86M 10. PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS 10.1 Test Specimen—The specified number of pipe required for the tests shall be furnished by the manufacturer and shall be selected at random by the ‘owner. and shall be pipe that would not otherwise be relected under this specifi. cation. The selection shall be made at the point or points designated by the owner when placing the order. The test pipe shall first be freed from all visible ‘moisture. When dry. each pipe shall be ‘measured and inspected, The results of these observations shall be recorded. 10.2 Number and Tspe of Tes Speci- ‘mens Reguireé—The manufacturer shall furnish pipe for crushing and absorption tests. up to 0.5 percest of the number of pipe of each size included in the order. except, that in no case shall less than two pipe be furnished. For the permeabil- ity test 2 percent of the number of pipe of each size included in the order. but sn no case less than two pipe shall be furnished. For the hydrostatic west, 0.5 percent of the number of pipe of each size included in the order. but in no case lesc than two pipe shal] be fumished 10.3 Extemal Load Crushing. Re- quirement—The crushing strength of nonreinforced conerete pipe shall con form to the requirements prescribed in Table 1. The individual results of the vvanous tests 1or each size oF pape ane for each shipment and plant shall be tabulated separately. The crushi strength shall ordinarily be applied 0 not less than 75 percent of the pipe received for purpose of test. All tests shall be made in accordance with T 280. Pipe shall be acceptable when all test pipe conform 10 the specified require- ‘ment. Should any of the test pipe pro- vvided in Section 10.2 fail 10 meet the strength requirement. the manufacturer will be allowed to test two pipe for each pipe that failed. and the pipe shall be acceptable only when all of these addi tional test pipe meet the strength requirement. 104 Absorprion —_Reguirement— When required by the owner. absorption shall be determined by the boiling ab- sorption test and shall not exceed 9 per- cent, The individual results ofthe various tests for each size of pipe for each ship- ‘ment and plant shall be tabulated sepa- ratels. All tests shall be made in accor- dance with T 280. The number of sbsorp- tion test specimens shall be equal t0 the number of pipe provided for crushing swengih testing. These specimens shall bbe obtained from pipe thal are acceptable a 10 strengih. and shall be taken from pipe used in making the strength test after the test is made. These specimens shall be marked with the number or iden- tification mark of the pipe from which they were taken. Each specimen shall have an area of 77 to 129 cm?, as mea sured on one surface of the pipe. and a thickness equal to the pipe wall, and shall be free of visible cracks. Pipe shall bbe acceptable when all test pipe conform to the specified absorption requirement. 10S Permeability —Requiremeni— ‘When subjected to the permeability test as specified in T 280. the outer pipe surface of not less than 80 percent of the pipe tested shall show no moist damp spots at the end of the test period due to water passing through the walls of the pipe. 10.6 Hydrostatic Requirement— When subjected to the hydrostatic test as described in T 280. the pipe shall show no leakage during 10 minutes at 70 kPa, Moisture appearing on the sur face of the pipe in the form of patches or beads adhering to the surface shall not be considered leakage. The test pipe shall be filled with water and held under 70 kPa pressure for 24 hours prior to the test, except that at the option of the ‘manufacturer or seller. this presoak tume fr pressure, or both, may be reduced. ‘The test may be continued up to 24 hours, and the pipe will be considered to have passed when. during any 10- ‘minute period. no leakage is observed ‘When the hydrostatic requirement is used for acceptance of the pipe joint as speci- fied in Section 8 of M 198, the same joint test runs may be used as the basis ff acceptance for pipe hydrostatic re quirements allowed in accordance with Sections 55 and 106 of this specification. 10.7 Reresi—Should more than 20 percent of the samples fail to meet the specified requirements forthe permeabi- ity oF not more than 20 percent of the samples fail to meet the specified re~ Auirement for absorption or hydrostatic requirements of this section. the manu ‘TABLE? Permissible Variation in Internal Diameter Permissible Variation sera Diameter of Pps Designated Dames of Minimum. Maximur. Pipe. mm mm 10 110 150 ee 200 210 250 26 300 a0 m5 a5 300 450 480 ‘as 25 525 sas oo oo 620 os os 69s 780 750 m5 ms ws 380 00 900, 25 facturer may eull his stock and may elim- inate whatever quantity of pipe he desires land must so mark those pipe that will not be shipped. The required tests shall bbe made on the balance of the order and they shall be accepted if they conform to the specified requirements. if the second sample fails to meet the specified re- uirements, the whole lot may be rejected 11, DIMENSIONS AND PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS MA Sizes and Dimensions—Pipe shall be furnished of the sizes, internal diameters, and dimensions prescribed to Table | 11.2. Permissible Variations in Di rmensions—Permissible variations in di mensions shall be limited to the following: 1121 Internal Diameter—Permis- sible variations utilizing SI unis are as prescribed in Table 2. 1122 Thickness of Wall—The wall thickness shall be not less than the values shown in Table 1 or the manufacturer's designated thickness if greater than shown in Table 1 by more than 2 mm for pipe 250 mm or less in diameter: by more than 3 mm for pipe 300 to 600 mm in diameter; and by more than S ‘mm for pipe more than 600 mm in diam- eter; or by more than 5 percent of the tabulated or designated wall thicknessM 86M. whichever iS greater. Localized varia~ tions in all thickness exceeding those Specified above shall be accepted ifthe physical test requirements specified herein are met 23 Length—The length of any section of pipe shall vary not more than 773 mm from a specified or designated design length. M24 Length of Two Opposite Sides=The tength of two-opposite sides of any section of pipe shall vary not more than 6 mm or 2 percent of the designated diameter. whichever is larger. 123 Siraighiness—Pipe intended to be straight shall not vary in alignment more than 10 mmém of length 12. REPAIRS 12. Pipe may be repaired. if neces- sary, because of imperfections in manu- facture or damage during handling and will be acceptable if. in the opinion of the owner, the repaired pipe conforms to the requirements of this specification 13, INSPECTION 13.1 The quality ofall materials and the finished pipe shall be subject to in- SPECIFICATIONS FOR MATERIALS spection and approval by an inspector employed by the owner. Such inspection ‘may be performed at the point of manu- facture or delivery. The method of mark- ing as to acceptance or rejection of pipe shall be agreed upon. prior to inspection, between the owner and producer. Re- jected pipe shall be replaced by the pro- ducer or seller with pipe that meets the requirements of this specificauon. 14, REJECTION 14.1. Pipe shall be subject to rejec- tion on account of failure to conform 10 any of the specification requirements This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specification only. Therefore. damage 10 pipe during installation or ‘caused by field loading in the installed condition shall not be cause for rejection ‘on the basis of not meeting this specifica tion, Individual sections of pipe may be rejected because of any ofthe following: 1411 Fractures or cracks passing through the wall or joins, except that a single crack not exceeding SO mm in length at either end of 2 pipe or a single fracture or spall in the joints not ex: ceeding 75 mm around the circumference of the pipe nor SO mm in length into Joint shall not be considered cause for fejection unless these defects exist in ‘more than 5 percent of the entice ship- ‘ment of delivery. n 14.1.2. The planes of the ends of the pipe are not perpendicular to the longitu- inal axis, subject to the limits of varia~ tion as shown in Secuon 11.2.4. 14.13. Defects that indicate mixing and molding notin accordance with Sec- tion 9.1. 14.14 Cracks sufficient to impair the strength, durability. or serviceability of the pipe. 1S. PRODUCT MARKING 18.1 The following information shall be legibly marked on each pipe. 15.11 The pipe class and specifica- sion designation, 15.12 The date of manufacture, 18.13 The name or trademark of the manufacture, and 18.14 Identification of the plant. 15.2 Marking shall be indented on the pipe section or paunted thereon with waterproof pat. 16, KEYWORDS 16.1 Concrete sewer: culvert: nonre- inforced: pipe: storm drain