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    7 views8 pages

    Astm A123

    Uploaded by

    diego

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    ly Designation: A 123/A 123M — 02 a Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products" “Thin stand sed ode the ad Bxgation A 12/4 1230 the umbrella the desigtion indicts the ear ‘ign opm oe eae of rion, the ero at revs. Amumber i pueatices ins the ear of at respproval, ‘Arwpenerp ep (0) fects an eel ange ace he ast evison or eapprova ‘The stondard hae Bon approved for we by agencies of he Department of Defense 1. Scope 1.1 This specification covers the requirements for zine coating (galvanizing) by the hot-ip process on iron and steel products made from rolled pressed and forged shapes, castings, pistes, bars, and strips. 1.2 This specification covers both unfubricated products and fabricated products, for example, assembled steel products, structural steel fabrications, large tubes already bent or welded before galvanizing, and wire work fabricated from uncoated steel wire. This specification also covers stel forgings and iron castings incorporated into pieces fabricated before galvanizing lo which are too large to be centrifuged (or otherwise handled to remove excess galvanizing bath metal). [Nore I—Thie specification covers those produc previously addressed in Spcieations A 123-78 and A 386-78 1.3 This specification does not apply to wire, pipe, tube, or steel sheet which is galvanized on specialized or continuous lines, orto steel less than 22 gage (0.0299 in.) [0.76 mn} thick. 14 The galvanizing of hardware items that are to be ‘centrifiged or otherwise handled to remove excess zinc (such ‘as bolts and similar threaded fasteners, castings and rolled, ‘pressed and forged items) shall be in accordance with Speci- fication A 153/A 153M. 1.5 Fabricated reinforcing steel bar assemblies are covered by the present specification. The galvanizing of separate reinforcing steel bars shall be in accordance with Specification A 161A 16™. 1.6 This specification is applicable to orders in cither jnch-pound units (as A 123) or SI units (as A 123M). Inch- pound units and SI units are not necessarily exact equivalents, ‘Within the text of this specification and where appropriate, SI ‘units are shown in parentheses. Each system shall be used lependently of the other without combining values in any ‘way. In the case of orders in SI units, all testing and inspection "nis specideton is der the juiiaton of ASTM Commitee ADS on ‘Metltic Contd oe sd See Proce and ie te diet respi of Sshconmiee AOS 13 on Stull Shapes and Hadvare Speciation ‘Caren ein proved Oscer 10, 202. Pbtised Doser 202. Org pally pulsed ae A123 28 Lax provous eon A 123 ala shall be done using the metric equivalent of the test or Inspection method as appropriate. In the case of orders in SI ‘units, such shall be stated to the galvanizer when the order is placed. 2, Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: AATIAATM. Specification for Ferrtic Malleable Iron Cast- ings A.OIA 90M Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating on Tron and Steel Articles with Zine or Zinc-Alloy Coatings? A143 Practice for Safeguarding Against Embrittlement of Hot-Dip Galvanized Structural Steel Products and Proce- dure for Detecting Embrittlement? A.153/A 153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on ‘ron and Steel Hardware? A 384/A 384M Practice for Safeguarding Against Werpage ‘and Distortion During Hot-Dip Galvanizing of Stee! As- semblies? A385 Practice for Providing High-Quality Zinc Coatings (Hot-Dip)® AT6IIA 767M Specification for Zinc-Coated Galvanized Stee] Bars for Concrete Reinforcement* ‘A 780 Practice for Repair of Damaged and Uncoated Areas of Hot-Dip Galvanized Coatings? A902, Terminology Relating to Metallic Coated Steel Prod- ucts? B 6 Specification for Zinc’ B 487 Test Method for Measurement of Metal and Oxide Coating Thicknesses by Microscopical Examination of a Cross Section® 1B 602 ‘Test Method for Attribute Sampling of Metal Inorganic Coatings* 376 Practice for Measuring Coating Thickness by and 2 Anal Boa of AST Stade, Ve 0.2 > jal Boat of AST Stade, Ye 0.06. Anal Boot of ASD Standards, ol O10 Anal Book of ASDM Std, el 02.08. "Amma Book of ASDM Stands, Wl 0205. eee epee ietany fly a 12310 12300 - 02 Magnetic-Field or Eddy-Current (Electromagnetic) Test Methods? 3. Terminology (See Fig. 1) 3.1 Definitions: 3.1.1 The following terms and definitions are specific to this specification. Terminology A902 contains other terms and definitions relating to metallic-coated steel products. 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 3.2.1 average coating thickness, n—the average of three specimen coating thicknesses. * Anal Book of AST Stn, Vol 03.03. 3.22 black, adj—denotes the condition of not galvanized or ‘otherwise coated. For purposes of this specification the word “black” does not refer fo the color or condition of surface, or to ‘a surface deposit or contamination. 3.23 coating thickness grade, n—the numerical value from Table 1 at the intersection of a material category and a thickness range. 3.2.4 gross dross inclusions, nthe iron/zinc intermetallics present in a galvanized coating in a form other than finely Aispersed pimples. 3.2.4.1 Discussion—These inclusions would create an ex- posed steel spot if they were removed from the coating. These inclusions are raised surfaces and are easily knocked off ‘Articles whose Surface Area Is greater tan 160 sain. (100,000 89. mm) of ee 1 4 pecan A Each Specimen (5 or more measurements widely dispersed) must have Minimum Average Coating ‘Thickness of (Table 1) -1 grade EachTest Article in the Sample (3 Specimens each) must have Minimum Average Coating Thickness of (Table 1) 3 Test Articles Sample each composed of 3 Specimens: Single-specimen Articles Articles whose Surface Area is equal oor less than 160 sain. (100,000 sq. mm) @ E Gy» Lot ‘3 Test Articles 3 Specimens Each Specimen (5 or more measurements widely dispersed) must have Minimum Average Coating Thickness of (Table 1) -1 grade Al Test Articles (Specimens) Together must have Minumum ‘Average Coating Thickness of (Table 1) FIG. 4 Single- and MultiSpecimen Articles AGly a 12310 123M — 02 ‘TABLE 1 Minimum Avorage Coating Thickness Grade by Haterial Category Matai Clegoy "A Specimens Tosod Tes) Wee swa2) ww A248 inAeiseaa _=nesA ‘Srl rape a5 © 75 5 100 Stipa Be 6 s % 85 a0 Pipe and Ting 6 4“ 6 8 "75 wre 35 o 0 5 a through contact with iting straps or chains, tools, fixtures, or other galvanized pars 3.25 material calegory, n—the general class or type of material or process of manufacture, or both, that nominally describes a unit of product, or from which a unit of product is ‘made. For example, bar grating belongs tothe category “stip.” handrail belongs tothe eategory “pipe,” et. 3.2.6 mulf-specimen article, n—a unit of product, whose surfice area is greater than 160 in{100000_ mm?]. For thickness testing purposes, articles whose surface area is ‘greater than 160 in? are subdivided into three continuous local sections, nominally equal in surface area, each of which consttules a specimen, Inthe ease of any such local section containing more than one material category or ste! thickness range as delineated in Table 1, that section will contain more than one specimen (see Fig. 1). 3.2.7 sample, n—a collection of individual units of product fiom a single lot selected in accordance with Section 7, and intended to represent that lot for acceptance. If a sample is taken as representing the lot for acceptance, the sample shall be taken at random from the lot without regard to the perceived quality or appearance of any individual unit in the lot being sampled. The sample consists of one or more test articles, 3.2.8 single-specimen article, n—a unit of product whose surface area is equal to or less than 160 in. [100 000 man") or that is centrifuged or olberwise similarly handled in the galvanizing process to remove excess galvanizing bath metal (Give zinc). For thickness testing purposes, the entire surface area of each unit of product constitutes specimen. In the case of any such article containing more than one meteral category fr steel thickness range as delineated in Table 1, that article ‘will contain more than one specimen (see Fig. 1). 3.2.9 specimen, n— the surface of an individual test article or a portion of a test article, upon which thickness measure- rents are to be performed, which is a member of a lot, or 8 ‘member of a sample representing that lot. For magnetic thiekness measurements, specimen excludes any area of the surface which is subject to processes (such as flame cutting, machining, threading, etc.) that can be expected to result in surface conditions not representative of the general surface condition ofthe test article, or is disqualified by the measure- ‘ment method. The minimum average coating thickness grade for any specimen shall be one coating grade below that required for the appropriate material category and thickness in Table 1, Fora unit of product whose surface arca is equal to or less than 160 in? [100 000 min’) the entire surface area of each test article constitutes a specimen. In the case of an article containing more than one matcral category or stel thickness range as delineated in Table 1, that article will contain more than one specimen, as appropriate (see Fig. 1). 3.2.10 specimen coating thickness, n—the average thick- ness from no less than five test measurements on a specimen, when each measurement location is selected to provide the ‘widest dispersion (in all applicable directions) of locations for the steel category ofthe test article within the confines of the specimen volume. 2.11 test article, n— an individual unit of product that is ‘2 member ofthe sample and that is examined for conformance to a part of this specification, 4, Ordering Information 4.1 Orders for coatings provided under this specification shall include the following: 4.1.1 Quantity (aumber of pieces to be galvanized) and total weight. 4.1.2 Description (type and size of products) and weight. 4.13 ASTM specification designation and year of issue. 4.1.4 Material identification (see 5.1) and surface condition or contamination. 4.1.5 Sampling plan, if different from 7.3. 4.1.6 Special test requirements (see 8.1) 4.1.7 Special requirements (special stacking, heavier coat- ing weight, etc, 41.8 Tagging or piece identification method. 5, Materials and Manufacture 5.1 Steel or Iron—The specification, grade, or designation ‘and type and degree of surface contamination of the iron or steol in articles to be galvanized shall be supplied by the purchaser to the hot-dip galvanizer prior to galvanizing. [Nort 2—The presence in steals and weld metal, in cota percentages, ‘of some elements such as silicon, carbon, and phorphoris tends to tceleat the growth ofthe zne-irn ally layer so thatthe coating may fave a matte finish with litle or no outer zine layer. The galvanizer bas only limited conigol over this coadion, The mass, shape, and amount of ‘ald working of the product being galvanized may also alec this condition, Practice A385 provides guidance on stel selection and dlieccies the effects of varios elements in steel compositions (Cor temple, silicon), that infence costing weight and appearance. 5.2 Fabrication—The design and fabrication of the product to be galvanized are the responsibilities of the designer and the fabricator. Practices A 143, A 384, and A 385 provide guidance {for stel fabrication for optimum hot dip galvanizing and shall bbe complied with in both design and fabrication. Consultation between the designer, fabricator, and galvanizer at appropriate stages in the design and fabrication process will reduce future problems. 5.3 Castings —The composition and heat treatment of iron and steel castings shall conform to specifications designated by the purchaser. Some types of castings have been known to agri arte oe Aly a 12310 123M — 02 show potential problems with predisposition to being, em- brittled during the normal thermal cycle of hot-ip galvanizing It is the responsiblity of the purchaser to heat treat or otherwise allow forthe possibility of such embritling phenom ena. The requirements for malleable icon castings to be galvanized shall be as sated in Specification A 47 54 Zine—The zinc used in the galvanizing bath shall conform to Specification B 6. Ifa zinc alloy is used as the primary feed to the galvanizing bath, then the base materi ‘sed to make that alloy shall conform to Specification B 6 5.5 Bath Compasition—The molten melal in the working volume ofthe galvaniaing bath shell contain not less than an average value of 98.0% zine by weight. [Nore 3—The gulvanier may choot to add teace ampounts of cetain elements (or example, shumina nckel, ad tin) tothe ane bath to belp in the processing of cerain reacive see otto enhance the cosmetic appearance ofthe finished product. The uie ofthese trace elements is Petmited provided that the bulk chemistry ofthe galvanizing bath is at Teast 98.0 Yezinc by weight. The elements can beaded to the galvaniziog bath a part of a prealloyed zine fod, o they can be added wo the bath by the galvanizer using a master fed aio. 6. Coating Properties 6.1 Coating Thickness—The average thickness of coating forall specimens tested shall conform tothe requirements of “able I forthe categories and thicknesses ofthe material being galvanized. Minimum average thickness of coating for any individual specimen is one coating grade les than that required in Table 1. Where products consisting of various material thicknesses or categories are galvanized, the coating thickness grades for cach thickness range and material category of ‘material shall be as shovim in Table 1. In the case of orders in SI units, the values in Table 1, sball be applicable as metric nits in micrometres. In the case of orders in ineh-pound units, the measured value shall be converted to coating grade units by the use Of Table 2. The specification of coating thicknesses heavier han those required by Table 1 shall be subject to ‘mutual agreement between the galvanizer and the purchaser (Fig. 2 3 a graphic representation of the sampling and specimen delineation steps, and Fig. 3 is graphic representa- tion of the coating thickness inspection steps.) 6.1.1 Bor articles whose surface area is greater than 160 in? [100:000 mm") (mult-spesimen articles), each test article in the sample must meet the appropriate minimum average coating thickness grade requirements of Table 1, end cach specimen coating thickness grade comprising that overall a 1A ‘Nome 1—Fach specimen comprises nominally ove third of the tot ‘surface area of the ale. A minimum of five measurements should be ‘made withia the volume of ech specimen, as widely dispersed within that ‘Volume sis practical so as to represet ds uc as possible, tbe general ‘ong thickness within tat specimen volume, FIG. 2 Articles Made of Many Components average for cach test article shall average not less than one coating grade below that required in Table 1. 6.1.2. For articles whose surface area is equal to or less than 160 in2 [100 000 mex") (single-specimen articles), the average of all test articles in the sample must mect the appropriate rrinimum average coating thickness grade requirements of ‘Table 1, and fr each test article, its specimen coating thickness shall be not les than one coating grade below that required in Table 1 6.1.3 No individual measurement, or cluster of measure- ‘ments atthe same general location, on atest specimen shall be cause for rejection under the coating thickness requirements of this specification provided that when those measurements are averaged with the other dispersed measurements to determine the specimen coating thickness grade for that specimen, the requirements of 6.1 or 6.1.2, a appropriate are met. ‘Nore 4—The coating thickness grades in Table 1 represent the mii- ‘mum value obtainable with a high level of confidence forthe ranges ‘ypially found in each materia eategry. While most coating thicknesses ‘wile in excess of those values, some materials in each category may be lees reactive (or exarple, because of chemistry or surface condition than cotber materiale of the scl category spectrum. Therefor, some articles Inay havea coating grade ator close tothe minimum requirement shown in Table I, In such cass, the precision and accarcy of the coating thickness measuring technique should be taken into coosidration when rejecting such alles for coating thickness below that required by this ‘peificaton.Parchasers desiring x guarantee of heavier coatings than the ‘inimom thickness showen herein should use the special requirements (Gee 4.1.6) to specify coating thickness grades higher than those shown in ‘TABLE 2 Coating Thickness Grade" Contra ie ot v= om = va ta = 2s 6 io to 6 20 50 20 2 = 355 55 3 3 & 20 @ 2a ‘a @ 25 5 26 3 & “60 % a0 a7 5 0 a uM 3 ® 8 a5 33 20 as 00 0 3a 23 00 705 7 ha values nmcrometos (pm) se based onthe Coating Grade. Tue vluss we based oy Grwecions ung flowing Tom: i = mx 03837; cums yn 0.02316 gn mx 78 4 ly 912310 123m - 02 Tele Test aicios sccoringtoSomping ||_for Compliance wits Specimen Seaton 6.1 FIG. 3 Coating Thickness Inspection Steps “able 1. tn ado, the purchaser shold anticipate the need for et tatahes or extn propartion sep, or both, such as blasting before "slvanizing or otr method, to attempt reach higher reqrements ‘ih conten. Some higher-han-andad tines ay Be ipa teal or unataiabl 62 Finish—The coating shall be continuous (except a8 provided below), and as reasonably smooth and uniform in thickness as the weight, size, shape ofthe item, and necessary handling ofthe item during the dipping and draining operations at the galvanizing kettle will permit. Except for local excess coating thickness which would interfere with the use of the product, or make it dangerous to handle (edge tears or spikes), ejection for nonuniform coating stall be made only for plainly Visible excess coating not related to design factors such as holes, joints or special drainage problems (see Note 6). Since surface smoothness is a relative tem, minor roughness that does not interfere with the intended use of the product, or roughness that is related to the as-received (un-galvanized) surface condition, steel chemistry, or ses! reactivity to zine shall not be grounds for rejection (see Note 7). Surface conditions related to deficiencies related to design, detailing, or fabrication as addressed by Practice A 385 shall not be grounds for rejection. The zinc coating on threaded components of articles galvanized under this specification shall conform to that required in Specification A 153/A 153M. Surfaces that remain uncoated after galvanizing shall be renovated in accor- dance with the methods in Practice A 780 unless directed by the purchaser to leave the uncoated areas untreated for subse~ quent renovation by the purchaser. 6.2.1 Each area subject to renovation shall be 1 in. (25 mm) or less in its narrowest dimension 62.2 The total area subject to renovation on each article shall be no more than 4 of 1 % of the accessible surface area to be coated om that article, or 36 in.” per short ton [256 em per ‘metric ton] of piece weight, whichever is less. [Nore $—Ihaceesible surface areas are those which cannot be reached for appropriate surface preparation and application of repait materials as

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