MALAYSIAN MS 2318:2012

STANDARD

Demolition of buildings - Code of practice

(First revision)

ICS: 91.040
Descriptors: construction, code of practice, works, demolition, buildings

© Copyright 2012
DEPARTMENT OF STANDARDS MALAYSIA
DEVELOPMENT OF MALAYSIAN STANDARDS

The Department of Standards Malaysia (STANDARDS MALAYSIA) is the national

standards and accreditation body of Malaysia.

The main function of STANDARDS MALAYSIA is to foster and promote standards,

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promoting industrial efficiency and development, benefiting the health and safety of
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furthering international cooperation in relation to standards and standardisation.

Malaysian Standards (MS) are developed through consensus by committees which

comprise balanced representation of producers, users, consumers and others with
relevant interests, as may be appropriate to the subject at hand. To the greatest
extent possible, Malaysian Standards are aligned to or are adoption of international
standards. Approval of a standard as a Malaysian Standard is governed by the
Standards of Malaysia Act 1996 [Act 549]. Malaysian Standards are reviewed
periodically. The use of Malaysian Standards is voluntary except in so far as they are
made mandatory by regulatory authorities by means of regulations, local by-laws or
any other similar ways.

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distribute and sell the Malaysian Standards.

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 MS 2318:2012

CONTENTS

Page

Committee representation .........................................................................................................iv

Foreword…. ............................................................................................................................... v

1 Scope............................................................................................................................ 1

2 Normative references ................................................................................................... 1

3 Definitions ..................................................................................................................... 2

4 Planning ........................................................................................................................ 4

5 Precautionary measures............................................................................................. 11

6 Methods of demolition ................................................................................................ 34

7 Special structures ....................................................................................................... 78

8 Site supervision and inspection .................................................................................. 94

Table 1 Width of covered walkway...................................................................................... 14

Table 2 Design criteria for covered walkway and catch platform ........................................ 14

Table 3 Minimum specification for polyethylene net ........................................................... 19

Table 4 Propping requirements on the operation of mechanical plant on

suspended floor ...................................................................................................... 24

Table 5 Summary of general characteristics of demolition methods .................................. 37

Table A1 Activities before demolition .................................................................................... 95

Table A2 Activities during demolition..................................................................................... 97

Table A3 Activities after demolition ....................................................................................... 97

Table C1 Normal span depth ratio of reinforced concrete floor system, exceeding
which could be an indication of the existence of a pre-stressed system ............. 102

© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2012 - All rights reserved i

MS 2318:2012

CONTENTS (continued)

Page

Figure 1 Criteria for hoarding and covered walkway .......................................................... 13

Figure 2 Typical section of steel catch platform and covered walkway ............................. 15

Figure 3 Typical plan and elevation of steel catch platform and covered walkway ........... 16

Figure 4 Demolition of cantilevered reinforced concrete slab (manual method) ................ 41

Figure 5 Demolition of cantilevered reinforced concrete slab and beam

(manual method) .................................................................................................. 42

Figure 6 Demolition of external beam (manual method) .................................................... 43

Figure 7 Details for securing external beams before dismantling (manual method).......... 44

Figure 8 Pre-weakening and dismantling of column (manual method) .............................. 45

Figure 9 Demolition of reinforced concrete wall (manual method)..................................... 47

Figure 10 Demolition of reinforced concrete wall separately from the cross beam
(manual method) .................................................................................................. 48

Figure 11 Demolition of two-way slab (manual method) ...................................................... 50

Figure 12 Demolition of secondary beam (manual method) ................................................ 51

Figure 13 Details for securing secondary beams before dismantling (manual

method) ................................................................................................................ 52

Figure 14 Typical sequence of top down method with mechanical equipment.................... 55

Figure 15 Demolition of cantilevered slab ............................................................................ 58

Figure 16 Demolition of reinforced concrete frame by excavator with cable ....................... 62

Figure 17 Demolition of reinforced concrete wall by excavator ........................................... 63

Figure 18 Demolition by hydraulic crusher with long reach arm/boom ................................ 66

Figure 19 Mechanical method by wrecking ball ................................................................... 68

Figure 20 Application of wire saw techniques ...................................................................... 72

Figure 21 Mechanical methods ............................................................................................ 76

Figure 22 Lifting of precast structural element ..................................................................... 80

ii © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2012 - All rights reserved

 MS 2318:2012

CONTENTS (concluded)

Page

Figure 23 Protection for detensioning of prestressed concrete tendons ............................. 84

Figure 24 Common problems occur in cantilevered structures............................................ 88

Figure D1 Site plan and adjoining site conditions of building No. 1, ‘A’ street ................... 104

Figure D2 Typical floor plan and information of existing building No. 1, ‘A’ street ............. 108

Figure D3 Sectional view of building No. 1, ‘A’ street ......................................................... 109

Figure D4 Demolition procedure and sequence ................................................................. 112

Figure D5 Precautionary measures .................................................................................... 115

Figure D6 Typical support at cantilever .............................................................................. 120

Figure D7 Typical detail for party wall strengthening .......................................................... 121

Figure E1 Site plan and adjoining site conditions of building No. 7 at XX street ................ 123

Figure E2 Typical floor plan and information of existing building No. 7 at XX street.......... 126

Figure E3 Sectional view of building No. 7 at XX street ..................................................... 128

Figure E4 Demolition procedure and sequence ................................................................. 129

Figure E5 Precautionary measures .................................................................................... 135

Figure F1 Flowchart of demolition process ........................................................................ 141

Annex A Demolition checklist ............................................................................................. 95

Annex B Demolition plan checklist ..................................................................................... 98

Annex C Prestressed concrete and guidelines for identification ...................................... 101

Annex D Example of demolition plan and stability report for top down by manual
method ............................................................................................................... 103

Annex E Example of demolition plan and stability report for top down by
mechanical method ........................................................................................... 122

Annex F Flowchart of demolition process ........................................................................ 141

© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2012 - All rights reserved iii

MS 2318:2012

Committee representation

The Industry Standards Committee on Building and Civil Engineering (ISC D) under whose authority this Malaysian
Standard was developed, comprises representatives from the following organisations:

Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia

Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia
Department of Irrigation and Drainage
Department of Standards Malaysia
Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers
Jabatan Bekalan Air
Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia
Jabatan Kerajaan Tempatan
Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia
Malaysian Timber Industry Board
Master Builders Association Malaysia
Ministry of Housing and Local Goverment
Ministry of International Trade and Industry
Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia
SIRIM Berhad (Secretariat)
The Chartered Institute of Building Malaysia
The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

The Technical Committee on Construction Practices which developed this Malaysian Standard was managed by the
Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia in its capacity as an authorised Standards-Writing Organisation
and consists of representatives from the following organisations:

Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia

Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia (Secretariat)

Department of Occupational Safety and Health

Jabatan Kerajaan Tempatan

Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia (Cawangan Arkitek)

Master Builders Association Malaysia

Persatuan Kontraktor Melayu Malaysia

Pertubuhan Akitek Malaysia

Real Estate and Housing Developer’s Association

The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia

The Institution of Surveyors Malaysia

Universiti Putra Malaysia

Co-opted members:

CSK Murni Services Sdn Bhd

Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia (Cawangan Kejuruteraan Awam, Struktur dan Jambatan)

Majlis Bandaraya Petaling Jaya

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

iv © STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2012 - All rights reserved

 MS 2318:2012

FOREWORD

This Malaysian Standard was developed by the Technical Committee on Construction

Practices under the authority of the Industry Standards Committee on Building and Civil
Engineering. Development of this standard was carried out by Construction Industry
Development Board Malaysia which is the Standard-Writing Organisation (SWO) appointed
by SIRIM Berhad to develop standards for construction practices.

This Malaysian Standard is the first revision of MS 282: Part 1, Code of practice for building
operations code - Part 1: Demolition.

Major modifications in this revision are as follows:

a) inclusion of detail planning requirements for demolition;

b) Inclusion of demolition detail methods;

c) inclusion of demolition report and stability report;

d) inclusion of demolition checklist and plan checklist; and

e) inclusion of process flow for demolition process.

This Malaysian Standard is based on the Code of practice for demolition of buildings,
published by Building Departments of Hong Kong in year 2004.

This Malaysian Standard cancels and replaces MS 282: Part 1:1975 and MS 2318:2010 (P).

Compliance with a Malaysian Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal
obligations.

© STANDARDS MALAYSIA 2012 - All rights reserved v