CLASS 12

HISTORY

CHEAT CODE �
BRICKS, BEADS & BONES
• Mohenjodaro- Lower Town, Citadel, Domestic Architecture
• Tracking social differences
• Trade within subcontinent
• Engimatic script
• Ancient Authority
• Cunningham’s confusion
KINGS, FARMERS & TOWNS
• 16 Mahajanapadas
• Magadha
• Sources- Mauryan Empire
• Administration
• Divine Kings
• Land grants- status of women
• Coins
KINSHIP, CASTE & CLASS
• Patriliny, Metronymics
• Gotra of Women
• Varna System
• Jati & Varna- similarity & differences
• Untouchables
• Mahabharata- special
THINKERS, BELIEFS & BUILDINGS
• Jainist philosophy
• Buddhist teachings-
1. followers
2. life
3. Mahayana
4. symbols of worship
THROUGH THE EYES OF TRAVELLERS
• Al-Biruni- Barriers of understanding, Kitab ul Hind
• Francois bernier- east & west comparison, land ownership
• Ibn Batuta- communication system
• Women- slaves & sati
BHAKTI-SUFI TRADITIONS
• Virashaiva Tradition
• Chishti Khanqah
• Women devotees- Nayanar, Alvars
AN IMPERIAL CAPITAL: VIJAYANAGARA
• Mahanavami Dibba
• Virupaksha & Vithalla Temple
• Krishnadeva Raya’s reign
• Royal centre
PEASANTS, ZAMINDARS & THE STATE
• Village panchayat & Headmen
• Role of women in agricultural society
• Zamindars
• Ain-i-Akbari- limitations
COLONIALISM AND THE COUNTRYSIDE
• Why zamindars defaulted on payment?
• Rise of Jotedars
• Permanent settlement
• Santhals & Paharias- Hough vs plough
REBELS AND THE RAJ
• Patterns of revolt
• Leaders and followers
• Awadh
• What rebels the wanted
• Reason/ rumours
MAHATMA GANDHI & THE NATIONALIST
MOVEMENT
• Non-cooperation movement
• Civil disobedience movement
• Quit India movement
• Gandhi as people’s leader
• Local movements (1916-1919)
FRAMING THE CONSTITUTION
• Dominant voices
• Objectives resolution
• Centre is likely to break
• Language of the nation