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De fed ory a : ee nctetthing 5 ec traction and ma Se Mae motecs Om wt obferdabee bv certian conte blo aeniynt Campuses 4 Sq 1ab6A Ken Thambion ond Denis Ritchie Jaradopd, yng ak AT AT tale by wring mang tecture of moerxcs 0S: t+ was derignal to rm oy mean’ Compers enh st was afferdabte , Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerhide we ae Umking i He Meee tea, Mee one dish arn tae mask Common botiphrerels Kernel > Tk 8 We Rett of cberting Syste, De 1a MA vain porqramn tn ane Urane opearling Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerOne-2 oP . ® —s User Accounts —__——__=> Ushon a Compuler da wrel by wiry Fee Sk i cauatly neconaty -b clifberedtale. beeen Akom Ao Hak Urcit rivle fila Con be fee Bet ey hortent pmubiuaer opetng Ayenn , * a cock Aus each uvre i gien a Le Bik nemt ii wil to Pry Rccoumk “ob abt Aen Biles , vert OE ier retin bebensing ** and caver fer a Compulty te Ypres then doch named: rere att alto 2 BO Commands fet Changing various prpatin ob an account Pihes > chim 2 omy He file vane Bell, > Chih > Chomys to Login Shrol2, > Fosbwd > Chomges Aho fond» Scanned with CamScannertok oso oF apseqran Uke weed, Taek te _— Suing and Geaudting brocertes Saka ei ieee Ushimecr tht Unux Bygtrn 43 beled» a mumbo oly protaues dark ereccing OX He . 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Ger example pur" mot BOE ary Gill while "Gag 1 Rites Commansl WHoomine -2 03 on oy ble oh inf onal ak poScanned with CamScanner' ee Br A hingl Command a " 4 1 $§ Date + Dicploy sett dyt Tue hug 25 (1:57 Ig EDT LOIS ng Kastuu Daytignt time "i : ey display calender a Caryvent ‘my: of year § cal 5 2015 ¢ sho helm +6 Yois-oR-2s 1: 46 Sieshs “ars: $ who ae ates Complete infoxmakton of other usow Gne Tene ole Pele 2815 <0 PLD GonkenT ged) Bs dcee)day .of menth- 4 AN pow Copitad PH Hours = PH Po in smolL po minute - 4 Secena - § no new lnd Time — T Cama Date - DP Socuns =S a dou 3 withodt yw dxeoks o Une ae yeaa the euiae as file, es oS seprnentes ilo q. $ Epa > tentsok ye GUSUS.O) CO the ORD \or f tpst cLeox ng Eput cup to 5 cup Bap Gegument along with loM pow and 5% column - la. $tput smso 4 stant botd sequence Scanned with CamScannerWh $ tput xmse -) abbot normol Saye 1a. Aire details of Linu Syste \3. { Ore Ge eyes acInts option ive ane yuuton ne of & mochini We 4 $ uname -~ 3 machine Is. gouname -a 4 atl the detacls of the Sup kero le. iS { S > Mw Por calculator and small Language fon woriting numeric PS sare 3) A Phuc using the command Use Ctrl BD Post tut “Sotipt | $ TMI IRUS Commona 4 Used sl MECCA an anteseackive SerionScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerOo untt-a ule —- SWELL PROGRAMMING Be ae pax PELE SYSTEM A pilesyiemn ia Hee meee an Dupe Wes te Kash dala xhactures hak OW operating het cay Welly . ‘ ion Brack ob Gls ema dk oy pitt tee Bln ods enprows onse disk. Melt ONT \ . 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"Plays the UID oY User ade i mbe of the OWner oF a file. 4) GID of he Owners 8 he OW ney 0 a file also belegam to Some rou Horeveag the FFOUD aloes not ay Pet misstente S$ that after onneannilg Created the file, ie 5) Stze in bytes » This field Shows th, Size of the File in bytes thot 1sethe Amount Of deta 74 Contatns. 8) Access time: jy2 This field SHOWS +the +tiyne when the File NOs alosiceacessen| reading oY the Contents, qye Contents aye not modified in any Woy. T) Moat ication ime 3 Ji field contains the Last modification t%me 9 Ane file, A file is sata to be wod of fed: if its Contents have changed in any way. 4 the permissions by Ownership of tte file ess then the wod? ication time of the vimains Unchanged. Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerommanc processor to a Untx machi we | UQQ) ODEs Ine nineneve te a jnis prompt cay be! we MG 4 Ldvfact & program ts Fumnt vane we make a login to the System n “ yogram ts called as shell. — “¢ hell Same user issue % Command , the cf that - information , Parses ee eu " as the Command: line ond finatt ve y Leaves) the /CXeCUsEtoa noe to the kernel + jhe shell ts generally ts ove g o40 states namely waiting Sleeping onde The .shell keeps sleeping for m king, ‘ ost of the +3, time. «lhenevey a usey (ssues gq command, tre completion: Adter the command is executed successfully 5 shell tie shell prompt rea pears and shi ercturns to dhe Pattie state waiting for the user to enter new Commands: Scanned with CamScannerhal aed x PED Sie Os a Command Dane Cesso ye Shell variables and customizing Shell Envit. Shell like any othes Wigh level language provides you the facfifty of varidhles that tan be used to hold the piece of dnfosmncition Bast cally a variable is the name given to a memory Location where the {nformation is stored. There ave & types of variables im Linux > e 6ystem Variables o User defined Variables Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerUnttT-L ULP —— [oes b Qala > akan Yor Legian to ee. Linx ey dyplems Yes one entering wie the Abed, only ONTX pope aed ae ed ween Steer, Gousne hel, ofror Wells uy rou o% Boule toh), ak hy advanced © pal? C ‘A Chath)» Dae C role Co) » Kom peat CAL) amd eo detantt galt of Le \ath. hk baht — Te bh alacifodin at, Rourme Aapiin Shell rion of Ahe Qourrne Hold , Bs am advengn Gh which wae KN) UNEX gyplemg TEAS smost Because oath wes Common o feewart whol, Ce Xisares of he bourne shalt Meat Lond Aerial exer trerthor every thet Yorgetnt Colas Bourne old unl Nees dre bash Grell. ton > gt is ane adlvanted vernon ob cAginal. Echols which woes dowel og QU THT ty mamed aC Holl becauye meth ef ane lok ob gis Shalt 4 cLasignad ta C Petpamdng, Ronqunge. Te hes fetes She i Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerFer exemble $ echo " telays date is 4 Cdate)" Teds dale is lod Sth + 40139538 TST eG $ Mt hel exocules the emelesel Commerc ancl reHacers tra enclosed command Line with tha opt ob the command. Fn Koen hele and Bath oll, Commancl Benen 8 aceobbithed using «ign te coms Utthin a Petartheres a3 theum? i sa auc NW Tedeys date Jy 4 (dade! $e eee s. - Flue PAVi wind Count Mm ray} ore 12 16 64 wok Count i, oud Scanned with CamScanner alScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerKAJLNUEK KUMAK Unax anount and Unmounk 2 SS pee; p Bites accorsibte m a Unix system are arrongid im Fr mec! heey te Agile Ficcarchy , yerled Ok Res con be Ahead ous ove poeta eas Ae system R Hee ’ accents ONG dk Ay re ; XD Sousting ate Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerKAJENDEK KUMAK omm« i Smid Line Prquments > Pregumenl ox yasi MSY He parsed to a held rapt. Sorby Lak te rqumody on sie _ ° oe ow Command Dine uthen Toming a, Te wetn gp Reap fo AB He mame of shall suse oy Commant yey le? Scanned with CamScanner