1. Which of the following is an example of a pure substance?

a. Steel c. Sugar
b. Air d. Milkshake
2. What is a characteristic of a pure substance?
a. It is made up of two or more substances.
b. It has properties of the substances that make up the mixture.
c. It can be separated into its components by physical means.
d. It can be mixed in any proportion.
3. Which of the following is an example of a mixture?
a. Steel c. Sugar
b. Aluminium d. Salt
4. How are mixtures different from pure substances?
a. Mixtures are made of only one substance.
b. Mixtures have properties of the substances that make them up.
c. Pure substances can be separated into their components by physical means.
d. Pure substances can be mixed in any proportion.
5. Which of the following statements is true about pure substances?
a. They are always mixtures of multiple substances.
b. They have properties that are different from the substances that make them up.
c. They can be separated into their components by chemical reactions.
d. They consist of only one type of substance.
6. Which type of change results in the formation of new substances?
a. Changes caused by heat c. Changes caused by mixing
b. Changes caused by light d. All of the above
7. Which of the following is an example of a change caused by heat?
a. Solar cells producing electricity c. Ice cream melting
b. Iron rusting d. Stone statues becoming damaged
8. What is required for solar cells to produce electricity?
a. Heat c. Electricity
b. Light d. Mixing with air
9. Which change is specifically caused by electricity?
a. Ice cream melting c. Sugar changing into a black substance
b. Bulbs giving off light d. Stone statues becoming damaged
10. What causes iron to rust?
a. Mixing with water c. Exposure to light
b. Interaction with heat d. Interaction with air
11. What distinguishes a physical change from a chemical change?
 a. A physical change results in the formation of new materials.
b. A physical change involves a chemical reaction.
c. A physical change does not change the appearance of a material.
d. A physical change does not result in the formation of new materials.
12. Which of the following is an example of a physical change?
a. Burning paper to form ash and smoke
b. Mixing flour, eggs, butter, and sugar to bake a cake
c. Breaking a drinking glass into smaller pieces
d. Rusting of iron due to exposure to air
13. What occurs during a chemical change?
a. Change in size or shape of the material
b. Formation of new materials due to a chemical reaction
c. Change in state of the material without forming new materials
d. No change in appearance of the material
14. Which of the following is a result of a chemical change?
a. Melting of butter
b. Breaking of glass into smaller pieces
c. Baking a cake from flour, eggs, butter, and sugar
d. Heating water to form steam
15. What happens when flour, eggs, butter, and sugar are mixed and baked in an oven?
a. A chemical change occurs c. The mixture remains unchanged
b. A physical change occurs d. No new materials are formed
16. Which of the following statements is true about a physical change?
a. It involves a chemical reaction.
b. It results in the formation of new materials.
c. The appearance of the material changes, but no new materials are formed.
d. It always changes the state of the material from solid to liquid.
17. What type of change occurs when paper is burnt?
a. Physical change c. No change occurs
b. Chemical change d. Change in state of the material
18. What is a characteristic of a chemical change?
a. It only changes the appearance of a material.
b. It involves a change in size or shape of the material.
c. New materials are formed due to a chemical reaction.
d. It can be reversed by physical means.
19. What does hardness refer to in materials?
a. The ability of a material to bend easily
 b. The ability of a material to return to its original shape after being stretched
c. The ability of a material to be stretched easily
d. The ability of a material to withstand wear and scratches
20. Which of the following is an example of a hard material?
a. Iron c. Rubber
b. Foam d. Fabric
21. What happens when an object made of a hard material comes into contact with a less hard material?
a. The less hard material scratches the hard material
b. The hard material scratches or cuts into the less hard material
c. Both materials become softer
d. Both materials become harder
22. What is elasticity in materials?
a. The ability of a material to be resistant to scratches
b. The ability of a material to be bent and folded easily
c. The ability of a material to return to its original shape after being stretched
d. The ability of a material to withstand wear and tear
23. Which material is an example of an elastic material?
a. Iron c. Ceramic
b. Fabric d. Rubber
24. What does the strength of a material refer to?
a. Its ability to absorb water
b. Its ability to withstand heavy loads without breaking or tearing
c. Its ability to change shape easily
d. Its ability to float on water
25. Which of the following is an example of a strong material often used for building houses and
bridges?
a. Metal c. Wood
b. Paper d. Rubber
26. What happens to materials denser than water when placed in water?
a. They float on water c. They dissolve in water
b. They absorb water d. They sink in water
27. How does the density of metal compare to water?
a. Metal is less dense than water c. Metal has the same density as water
b. Metal is denser than water d. Metal does not interact with water
28. What determines whether an object floats or sinks in water?
a. Its color c. Its density and shape
b. Its size d. Its texture
29. What is the density of wood compared to water?
a. Wood is less dense than water c. Wood has the same density as water
b. Wood is denser than water d. Wood does not interact with water
30. Why is metal used to make the anchor of a ship?
a. Because metal is less dense than water c. Because metal is easy to break
b. Because metal is denser than water d. Because metal floats on water
31. Which type of material allows almost all light to pass through it?
a. Translucent c. Transparent
b. Opaque d. Reflective
32. What is an example of a translucent material?
a. Metal c. Frosted glass
b. Concrete d. Wood
33. What does an opaque material do?
a. Allows all light to pass through c. Allows some light to pass through
b. Prevents light from passing through d. Reflects light off its surface
34. How do containers made of glass and clear plastic benefit us?
a. They prevent light from passing through c. They reflect light
b. They change color based on light exposure d. They allow us to see what they contain
35. What type of materials are good conductors of heat?
a. Materials that prevent heat from flowing through them
b. Materials that allow heat to flow through quickly
c. Materials that change color when heated
d. Materials that are transparent
36. What are poor conductors of heat also known as?
a. Insulators of heat c. Absorbers of heat
b. Reflectors of heat d. Emitters of heat
37. What materials are good conductors of electricity?
a. Materials that prevent electricity from flowing through them
b. Materials that allow electricity to flow through them
c. Materials that are opaque
d. Materials that reflect light
38. Why is copper used to make electrical wires?
a. Because copper prevents electricity from flowing through it
b. Because copper conducts heat well
c. Because copper is a good conductor of electricity
d. Because copper is transparent
39. What is the purpose of using plastic to make the casing of a plug?
a. To protect against burns from heat c. To allow electricity to flow through easily
b. To prevent electricity from flowing through d. To make the plug transparent
40. Which materials are commonly used to make cooking utensils for quick cooking of food?
a. Glass and clear plastic c. Aluminium, iron, and other metals
b. Concrete and wood d. Translucent fabric and frosted glass
41. What is the water cycle?
a. Movement of water from Earth to the moon
b. Movement of water from Earth to the sky and back
c. Movement of water from the sky to Earth's core
d. Movement of water from rivers to oceans
42. What causes water on Earth's surface to evaporate into the air?
a. Cooling of the air c. Formation of clouds
b. Condensation of water vapour d. Heat from the Sun
43. What happens when water vapour in the sky cools and condenses?
a. It forms clouds c. It becomes ice
b. It evaporates d. It sinks into the ground
44. What process causes water droplets to gather and form clouds?
a. Evaporation c. Freezing
b. Condensation d. Melting
45. What happens when water droplets in clouds become too heavy?
a. They evaporate c. They fall back to Earth as rain
b. They condense d. They freeze into ice
46. In which state does water fall from the sky when the weather is very cold?
a. Rain c. Clouds
b. Hailstones d. Fog
47. Where does water go after falling back to Earth as rain?
a. Evaporates into the air
b. Turns into ice
c. Flows into outer space
d. Sinks into the ground or stored in water bodies
48. What happens to water stored in rivers, lakes, and seas during the water cycle?
a. It evaporates into the air c. It freezes into ice
b. It disappears d. It seeps into the ground
49. Why is water from seas and oceans not suitable for living things to use?
a. It is too cold c. It is contaminated with pollutants
b. It contains too much salt d. It evaporates too quickly
50. How does the water cycle help produce fresh water?
 a. By cooling the air
b. By obtaining water from seawater during evaporation
c. By shaping the Earth's surface
d. By causing landslides
51. What effect does rain have on the temperature of the air?
a. It increases the temperature c. It decreases the temperature
b. It has no effect on temperature d. It cools the air by increasing humidity
52. How does running water shape the Earth's surface?
a. By freezing into ice formations c. By causing landslides
b. By carrying soil away through erosion d. By forming clouds in the sky
53. What is erosion?
a. The freezing of water into ice
b. The process of water becoming saltier
c. The formation of rain clouds
d. The movement of soil and rock by water or wind
54. What may occur when a large amount of rain falls on land over a short period of time?
a. Landslides c. Evaporation of water bodies
b. Decrease in humidity d. Cooling of the atmosphere
55. What is one of the important roles of water in shaping the Earth's surface?
a. Producing fresh water from saltwater c. Carrying soil away through erosion
b. Creating landslides d. Increasing air pollution
56. What is deforestation?
a. Planting new trees in forests
b. Clearing forests by cutting or burning down trees
c. Using trees to build towns
d. Growing crops in forests
57. How does deforestation affect the water cycle?
a. It increases the amount of rain
b. It has no effect on the water cycle
c. It leads to fewer clouds and decreases the amount of rain
d. It causes flooding in all areas
58. What gas do trees take in during photosynthesis?
a. Oxygen c. Nitrogen
b. Carbon dioxide d. Methane
59. How does deforestation contribute to an increase in carbon dioxide in the air?
a. Trees absorb carbon dioxide during photosynthesis
b. Trees release carbon dioxide when cut down
 c. Deforestation leads to burning of carbon dioxide
d. Deforestation decreases the amount of carbon dioxide in the air
60. What is a consequence of global warming caused by increased carbon dioxide in the air?
a. Decreased temperatures worldwide
b. Increased tree growth
c. More rain and floods in all regions
d. Changes in weather patterns leading to floods and droughts