CHAPTER II

2.1 Review of Related Literature

Design and
Development of
a GCash Cash-
in and
Cash-out
Machine
Design and Development of a GCash Cash-in and Cash-out Machine
 The growing number of GCash users in the Philippines has led to a demand for accessible

machines to facilitate cash-in and cash-out transactions. Presently, only cash-in machines are

available, while cash-out options such as kiosks and remittance centers are burdened with

lengthy queues. This paper introduces a method for designing and developing a machine capable

of both GCash cash-in and cash-out transactions. The machine primarily consists of a bill

acceptor, touch screen monitor, microcontroller, computer unit, and coin hopper, along with a

vacuum system for dispensing bills. Testing and evaluation of the machine's functionality and

acceptability were conducted, including individual component tests for 17 different Philippine

peso amounts. The results show that all components functioned at 100% capacity. Additionally,

transaction speed for each cash-in and cash-out operation was tested three times for every bill

denomination in Philippine pesos Enojas, M. J. B., et al. (2023).

Factors Affecting Customer Satisfaction on Mobile Money Services (Gcash,PayMaya, and

CoinsPh) in General Santos City, Philippines

The advent of digitization and technological progress has significantly altered the way

people live, providing greater comfort and convenience. Human nature drives us to seek ease and

efficiency, leading to a constant quest for innovations to simplify and expedite our lives. The

introduction of computers and the internet marks a pivotal moment in this technological

evolution, facilitating widespread access to information and its centralization. Virtually every

sector has embraced digitization and internet utilization to ensure precise and efficient execution

and recording of processes, procedures, and transactions. The banking industry has undergone a

transformative shift in operations with the implementation of information technology Diaz., et al.

(2022).

Digital Payment Transformation in The Philippines: From Cash to Gcash

 This research investigates the evolution of digital payment systems in the Philippines,

focusing particularly on the transition from traditional cash transactions to the adoption of

GCash. The introduction underscores the importance of digital financial transactions in today's

economy, with a specific emphasis on the unique context of the Philippines. The theoretical

framework draws on the Diffusion of Innovations theory, which highlights how new

technologies are embraced by communities. The methodology involves a thorough review of

existing academic literature, government reports, and industry analyses related to digital payment

systems, particularly GCash. The findings reveal a significant shift towards digital payment

methods, particularly GCash, driven by increased smartphone usage, government initiatives, and

the demand for contactless transactions amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The subsequent

discussion offers a comprehensive analysis of the challenges and opportunities in digital

payments, including the issue of the digital divide and potential strategies for improving financial

inclusivity. The study concludes that the digital payment transformation has profound

implications for the Philippine economy, emphasizing the need for ongoing efforts to establish

an inclusive digital financial ecosystem. Addressing infrastructural gaps, promoting digital

literacy, and implementing relevant policies are crucial steps in this endeavor Dizon,. et al.

(2023).

A Comparison on the Usability of Mobile e-Wallet Applications: GCash, Maya.

The Philippines witnesses widespread adoption of digital e-wallets as individuals prefer

making payments without relying on physical cash or bank-issued cards. This research aims to
evaluate the usability and user satisfaction of GCash, Maya, and GrabPay e-wallets, with the

objective of identifying the most favorable e-wallet option. An online survey was conducted

among 165 e-wallet users, who completed a System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire and a

Satisfaction Rating questionnaire using Likert Scale responses. Findings indicate that while all

three e-wallets exhibit similar overall design, content, and organization, they vary in terms of

usability, functionality, and accessibility. GCash emerges as the top performer in usability (SUS

Score = 80.55) and user satisfaction across functionality and accessibility. Conversely, Maya and

GrabPay demonstrate lower scores in usability and functionality, with GrabPay being

particularly less accessible. Recommendations include Maya expanding its features to

accommodate users without bank accounts or cards, while Grab should focus on enhancing its e-

payment services by creating a dedicated application solely for GrabPay, thus promoting its

usage Gumasing,. et al. (2023).

2.2 Technical Background