Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. Dy Soil or soil-pile damping ratios in horizontal Y directions. D, Soil or soil-pile damping ratios in vertical (Z) directions D, _| Soil or soil-pile damping ratios in rocking about X(@) directions - Soil or soil-pile damping ratios in rocking about Y 7 (w)directions In Soil or soil-pile damping ratios in torsional about Z (6) ° directions ED Young's modulus of concrete pile Fy __ | Machine unbalanced force for centrifugal machines F Unbalanced force at natural frequency of the foundation a system. FY Unbalanced force in horizontal x direction Fy _ | Unbalanced force in horizontal y direction Fe ‘Unbalanced force in vertical z direction G, G,_ | Dynamic soil shear modulus Gaye _| Weighted average soil shear modulus T, Mass moment of inertia at the C.G. of a machine foundation Ib ‘Area moment of inertia of single pile 1 Mass moments of inertia at the foundation base in rocking 7 about X (6) direction 1 Mass moments of inertia at the foundation base in rocking . about Y (wy) direction ke Mass moments of inertia at the foundation base in torsional lo about Z (0) direction Soil dynamic subgrade reaction (Ibs/in®) ‘s K Soil spring constants or single pile spring constants in *__| translational X direction. K, [Soll spring constants or single pile spring constants in K, translational Y direction. Soil spring constants or single pile spring constants in translational Z direction. Soil spring constants or single pile spring constants in Kb rotational $ modes ‘Soil spring constants or single pile spring constants in rotational y modes Soil spring constants or single pile spring constants in rotational 0 modes Conant to pao 30827Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text. books available with you —/ library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. 1K), _ | Pile spring constants for a pile group L foundation length, parallel to the X-axis M, __ | Unbalanced moments about X (6), M, Unbalanced moments about Y (yp), Mg Unbalanced moments about Z (6), _ N Number of soil layers; number of piles N, Dynamic amplification factors at ith vibrational motion Vo __| Maximum velocity amplitude i Compression wave velocity of pile, JE, 8/7, Up Shear wave velocity of soil /G./p, Ww Total weight of a machine foundation system (m x g) W, | Rotor weight x Cartesian coordinates in horizontal X (parallel to L) ¥ Cartesian coordinates in horizontal Y (parallel to B ) Z Cartesian coordinates in vertical Z a. Coefficients for soil damping calculation due to embedment x effect in horizontal (X), a, Coefficients for soil damping calculation due to embedment effect in vertical (Z) Coefficients for soil damping calculation due to embedment effect in rocking about X (#) mode Coefficients for soil damping calculation due to embedment effect in rocking about Y (w) mode bio b ly ly Geometrical coefficients for soil spring calculation for rectangular foundation in translational X direction. Geometrical coefficients for soil spring calculation for By rectangular foundation in translational Y direction. rn Geometrical coefficients for soil spring calculation for z rectangular foundation in translational Z direction. B, Geometrical coefficients for soil spring calculation for 4 rectangular foundation in rotational about X (#) modes. B Geometrical coefficients for soil spring calculation for 'w___| rectangular foundation in rotational about Y (y) modes. Correction factor for soil damping calculation in rocking mode paocsor 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / — library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. % Weight density of soil (Ds x @) lp Weight density of concrete pile Ps Mass density of soil iL Poisson's ratio of soil © Machine operating speed (rad/sec) 5 Coefficients for soil spring calculation due to embedment effect in horizontal X direction. Coefficients for soil spring calculation due to embedment effect in horizontal Y direction. Coefficients for soil spring calculation due to embedment effect in vertical Z direction. a Coefficients for soil spring calculation due to embedment J effect rocking about X (6) i Coefficients for soil spring calculation due to embedment WW | effect rocking about ¥ (wy) 8 rotation about vertical Z-axis (torsion) @ rotation about horizontal X-axis (rocking) w. rotation about horizontal Y-axis (rocking) rien pase sor 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. Table 1 GENERAL MACHINERY - VIBRATION - SEVERITY DATA Hono ee Machine Operation <0.005 Extremely smooth 0.005-0.010 Very smooth 0.010-0.020 Smooth 0.020-0.040 Very good 0.040-0.080 Good) 0.080-0.160 Fair 0.160-0.315 Slightly rough 0.315-0.630 Rough >0.630 Very rough terre prac or 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / — library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. Table 2 ROTOR ECCENTRICITIES ; Operating Speed Eccentricity Mashing £ (RPM) e (MILS) 1810 Centrifugal a Compressors F 28000 and . - ott (or Fo = 0.51 Wa) Centrifugal Compressors 72000 and f> 3000 f Turbines Gear Units £< 8000 08 Gear Units f> 8000 0.5. Motors f< 1500 18 Motors 1500 < f < 3000 1 Motors £2 3000 05 Fy: Machine unbalanced force We: Rotor weight cusesre pxce 708 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / — library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design Table 3 SOIL SPRING CONSTANTS FOR RECTANGULAR FOUNDATION Mode of Vibration Soil Spring Constants Horizontal (X) K.=2(1+ u)G B, VBL, Horizontal (Y) Ky = 2(1 + WG B, VBL n, VBL Vertical (Z) Be Te Rocking (about X) G 5 Rocking, k= 7 B, BL n, {about Y) (-“ Torsional ke = 166 (about 2) 3 ersten race 80r 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you (/ _ library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. Table 4 SOIL SPRING COEFFICIENTS FOR SOIL SPRING CALCULATION INCLUDING EMBEDMENT EFFECT Mode of Equivalent Soil Spring Vibration Radius (to) Coefficient Horizontal ™ h (X & Y) =14+0.55(2- wy — Ny To i h Vertical 1+ 0.601 - De @ ts Rocking {BL = 1120-1] + 020-m[2) (about X) 3a Me ze a (2-4) re Rocking [BL +120- |". |+020- ay (about ¥) 3a 2 Orel, Torsional N/A (about Z) *h = embedment depth Citta pace90e 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / — library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design Table 5 GEOMETRICAL DAMPING RATIOS FOR RECTANGULAR FOUNDATION (INCLUDING THE EMBEDMENT EFFECT) Mode of , Mass Ratio Vibration Damping Ratio (D) veto 3 - ew 0.425 (2 4 7 Be Horizontal Kor¥) O15 a i By = ; De Pica) : 5 pe a+ 7B) 7B, ONS, Rocking By = Dy = cm 7478) 7 Br Torsional B= De = orsio w= q + (about 2) Pee T+ 2B) usongtapite pace 190° 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. check with text Civildesignhelp. info analysis and design. books available with you / is not responsible for any error in foundation Before using these tables and graphs please library. Table 6 DAMPING COEFFICIENTS FOR SOIL DAMPING CALCULATION INCLUDING EMBEDMENT EFFECT Mode of Vibration. Damping Coefficient Vertical r @ [! + 1.91 - o(3)] vn te Horizontal (or) [r+ e92-(2)] Rocking / 7 {about X) ay = |r +070 -w(*) + 060 - a (*) a te Rocking , a {about ¥) aye reort-n(® +0.62-u) 4) Vr wd te Torsional N/A (about Z) paces10F27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / — library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. ‘Table 7 CORRECTION FACTOR FOR SOIL DAMPING CALCULATION IN ROCKING MODE Bo my 5 1.079 3 1.110 2 1.143 1 1.219 08 1.281 05 1.378 02 1,600 Coates page 20" 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / — library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. Table 8 PILE STIFFNESSES FOR A SINGLE PILE Mode of Vibration Pile Stifiness 3 Horizontal Ky = Ep Ip fur/to (Kor ¥) Vertical Ep Ap fz1/To @) Rocking = Ky = Ep Ip fp:/ to {about X or Y) Torsional (about 2) N/A Chater pace 130° 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / — library Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. Table 9 DAMPING COEFFICIENTS RA SINGLE PILE Mode of Vibration Damping Coefficient Vertical c @ Ey Ap fz2(V.) Horizontal or) e fea((x3) Rocking (about X or Y) Ip fa(V.) Torsional N/A {about Z) neem prot wor 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / _ library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. ‘Table 10 PILE STIFFNESS AND DAMPING PARAMETERS fx. , f2 . fy AND fy v. Stiffness Parameters Damping Parameters a Yg/ tp ve fa fea 2 fy2 0.01 0.0036 0.202 0.0084 0.139 0.4 en 0.02 0.0100 0.285 0.0238 0.200 0.03 0.0185 0.349 0.0438 0.243 0.04 | 0.0284 0.408 0.0674 0.281 0.05 0.0397, 0.450 0.0942, 0.314 0.25 ee, 0.01 | 0.0032 0.195 0.0076 0.135 0.02 | 0.0090 0.275 0.0215 0.192 0.03 0.0166 0.337 0.0395 0.235 0.04 0.0256 0.389 0.0608 0.272 0.05 [0.0358 0.435 0.0850 0.304 Catone page i80r 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs check with text books available with you / library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. Table 11 PILE STIFFNESSES FOR A PILE GROUP Mode of Vibration Pile Group Stiffness a Vertical = @. (Kz) x Kai i= He tal ory) (Kady = (By Jy = 2 Kui Rocking _¥F 2 (about X) (Ko) 2K + Kay) Rockin; -y 2 (about Y) (Kye 2 Kg + Kaxi) Torsional -y 2 (about 2) (Ko), = 2 Kult + 9) Cotes Ho pace 606 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / — library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. ‘Table 12 DAMPING RATIOS FOR A PILE GROUP Mode of Vibration Damping Ratios a -_ 2c 24K), Horizontal EE (Kor Y) p= Go 2K), m Rocking {about X) b= tflat+ cay 2 JOG Te Rocking (about Y) b= rilo+a er come Torsional tos (about Z) p, = = Cats + yi) 2 (Ke), Ie exter 6 age ror 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / _ library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. Table 13 CALCULATION OF UNCOUPLED NATURAL FREQUENCIES, Mode of Vibration Uncoupled Frequency (CPS) Vertical fax = & f& 2) Vm Horizontal ® foe 1 {K, Horizontal fay = J ) on Rocking (about X) Rocking (about Y) Torsional (about Z) * Use pile group stiffness (K), for pile-supported foundation useemno pace 190° 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / _ library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. Table 14 CALCULATION OF DISPLACEMENT AMPLITUDES BASED ‘ON UNCOUPLED MODES OF VIBRATION Mode of Vibration Displacement Amplitudes Vertical -y & =n, E @ Ke Horizontal Fe a= Ne &), Ks Horizontal ™ Rocking n, Me {about X) 9" Ne Ke Rocking ~ yy Me (about ¥) vO Ney Torsional (about 2) Dynamic amplification factors: Nx, Ny, Ne, No, Nu, No, are to be calculated as follows: = Damping ratio at ith Cutest pace 90°27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / _ library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. Table 15 CALCULATION OF TOTAL DISPLACEMENT AMPLITUDE BASED ‘ON UNCOUPLED MODES OF VIBRATION Direction Displacement Amplitude a, Z = det $(AY) + y (AX) carci X = dy + O(AY) + y (AZ) Horizontal dy + (AX) + 8(AZ) * The total displacement A, is then obtained as follows: * Ax, Ay and Az are the distances from the center of foundation base to the point where the amplitude is determined. enero Pacemor 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / — library Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. ast Bearing. Single Amplitude Inches Amplitude of Vibrations ~ Measured on Explonation of coses: Dangerous. Shut it down now to avoid danger. Frilure és near. Correct 1o avoid breakdown, Faulty. Correct 10 save maintenance dollars, Minor faults. Correction wastes dollars. No faults. Typicat new equipment. Figure 1: Criteria for Vibrations of Rotating Machinery Craengnhapte pace stor 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / — library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. out 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.005} 9.002, 0.001 Displacement Amplitude, A, (in) 0.0005; 0.0002 °.0001 100200 30010002000 5600 10,000 Frequency, cpm Figure 2 - General Limits of Displacement Amplitude for a Particular Frequency of Vibration Citas pxors20r 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text | books available with you / — library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. 3 ~ Ls mT ——— ae = RASH 2 sig [x St Lo 4 gs | J" Bua) ae 4 Petey) + 1 FFrios i ° ° Of 0.2 04 06 10 2 4 6810 L/B (B/L*) * The coefficients 6, and 8, are functions of the ratios of B/L, and are derived for dynamic excitation along the horizontal y-axis and rocking about x-axis. Figure 3 - Geometrical Coefficients for Rectangular Foundation ceases Paceasor 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation and design. 0.10 fey "STIFFNESS f,,; DAMPING” (CONCRETE PILES: yoou./Youe *0.7) HEAR WAVE VELOCITY IN SOIL ‘697%, — in * COMPRESSION WAVE VELOCITY IN PILE = /E.977,, 08 f, a06, 0.04 PARAMETERS 0.02 PILE SLENDERNESS J/r, End Bearing Piles or Combined Friction & End Bearing Piles (f,; & f,:) Figure 4: Vertical Pile Stiffness and Damping Paco 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / _ library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. ove (CONCRETE PILES: Ton ue 20-7) fay Leo S005 06 ee 2 & £ 004 G 8 € = ove { ol_ == LT ° 20 40 60 a0 100 PILE SLENDERNESS d/r, Friction Piles (f ',, & f 's2) Figure 5: Vertical Pile Stiffness and Damping Parameters for Friction Piles radeon tte Paceasor27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / — library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. COUPLED HORIZONTAL AND ROCKING MOTIONS 4 IC.G.! x Resistance Center Couple mode frequencies, Sliding along X and rocking about Y 1 2 fas [m+ fiy + (fie + fay) - 4B PR a, 2p 1 7 f= ag [t+ fn, - (RB) - 48r% | 2p Where, fx = 1 Kx _; uncoupled sliding frequency along X 2a Vm fog = = re ; uncoupled rocking frequency about Y Ke horizontal soil/pile stiffness Ky: rocking soil/pile stiffness cincesrrapine Puce ance 27Following tables and graphs are copied from different text books available in the market. Before using these tables and graphs please check with text books available with you / _ library. Civildesignhelp.info is not responsible for any error in foundation analysis and design. total mass of a machine foundation system Iy: I, + mh?, the mass moment of inertia at the foundation base To: the mass moment of inertia at the C.G. of a machine foundation system h: _ the distance between combined C.G. and the base of a machine foundation Note that the coupling effect becomes insignificant and can be neglected when the two coupled frequencies are determined to be away from the machine operating speed by at least 40%. crue 0 prcearor 27