Unit yee | will and I'm going to YF erure actions Study the difference between will and (be) going to: Sue is talking to Helen: will (’ll); We use will when we decide to do something at the time of speaking. The speaker has not decided before. The party is a new idea That's a great idea. We'll invite lots of people. decision now i SUE HELEN past now , future Later that day, Helen meets Dave: (be) going to: We use (be) going to when we Se aaa 1 Have OIOES Yo RNC Batt have already decided to do something. Helen We're going to invite lots of people. had already decided to invite lots of people before she spoke to Dave. [~~ decision before fe Pm going to HBLEN SAVE past now future Compare: 1 ‘Gary phoned while you were out.’ ‘OK. I'l call him back.” ‘Gary phoned while you were out.’ *Yes, I know. I'm going to call him back.’ ‘Ann is in hospital.’ ‘Oh really? I didn’t know. I'll go and visit her.” “Ann is in hospital.’ ‘Yes, I know. P’m going to visit her this evening,” BY | F otere happenings and situations (predicting the future) Sometimes there is not much difference between will and going to. For example, you can say: I think the weather will be nice this afternoon. 3 I think the weather is going to be nice this afternoon. When we say something is going to happen, we think this is because of the situation now (see Unit 20€), For exampl G Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain. (not It will rain) (We can see that it is going to rain from the clouds that are in the sky now.) 0 I feel terrible. I think I'm going to be sick. (no¢ I think I'l be sick) (I think I’m going to be sick because I feel terrible now.) Do not use will in this type of situation. In other situations, use will: 10 Tom will probably get here at about 8 o'clock. © I think Sarah will like the present we bought for her. © These shoes are very well-made. They'll last a long time. 46 Fm going to > Unit 20 Will ~> Units 21-22 The future -> Appendix 3Exercises Unit 23 23.1 23.2 Complete the sentences using will ('Il) or going to. 1a: Why are you turning on the television? 2 nl going. b0,.watch the news. (I/ watch) : Oh, I've just realised. I haven't got any money. : Haven't you? Well, don’t worry. - - : T've gor a headache. : Have you? Wait a second and an aspirin for you. (I/ get) + Why are you filling that bucket with water? the car. (I / wash) eww yOu some. (I/ lend) : ve decided to repaint this room. : Oh, have you? What colour sctstscana ox i (you / paint) : Where are you going? Are you going shopping? Yes, something for dinner. (I/ buy) I don’t know how to use this camera, Ir’ easy. What would you like to eat? you. (I/ show) . . a sandwich, please. (I/ have) Did you post that letter for me? Oh, I'm sorry. I completely forgot, ee 10 a: The ceiling in this room doesn’t look very safe, does i No, it looks as if down, (it/ fall) Has George decided what to do when he leaves school? a: Yes. Everything is planned. son a holiday for a few weeks. (he / have) Then a computer programming course. (he / do) smu it now. (I/ do) Read the situations and complete the sentences using will (‘Il or going to. 1 The phone rings and you answer, Somebody wants to speak to Jim. CALLER: Hello. Can I speak to Jim, please? you: Justa moment. ...l'UL. get... him. (I/ get) Ie’sa nice day, so you have decided ro take a walk. Just before you go, you tell your friend. you: The weather's to0 nice to sta awalk. (I/ take) FRIEND: Good idea. I think you. {I/ join) Your friend is worried because she has lost an important letter. yot: — Don't worry about the letter. I'm sure - FRIEND: I hope’so. 4 There was a job advertised in the paper recently. At first you were interested, but then you decided not to apply. FRIEND: Have you decided what to do about that job you were interested in? it. (you / find) you: Yes, a for it. (I/ not / apply) 5 You and a friend:come home very late. Other people in the house are asleep, Your friend is noisy. You: Shh! Don’t make so much noise. _... everybody up. (you / wake) 6 Paul has to go to the airport to catch a plane tomorrow morning. Patt: — Liz, I need somebody to take me to the airport tomorrow morning. uz: That's no problem. vw» you. (I/take) What time is your flight? paul: 10.50. uz: OK, at about 9 o’clock then. (we / leave) Later that day, Joe otters to take Paul to the airport. Jor: Paul, do you want me to take you to the airport? pau: No thanks, Joe. : : een me, (Liz / take) — Additional exercises 10-13 (pages 308-10) 47Will be doing and will have done Study this example situation: These people are standing in a queue to get into ! the cinema. Half an hour from now, the cinema will be full Everyone will be watching the film. Three hours from now, the cinema will be enipry. The film will have finished. Everybody will have gone home, three hours from now I will be doing something (future continuous) = I will be in the middle of doing ir: 1D This time next week I'll be on holiday. I'l be lying on the beach or swimming in the sea, © You have no chance of getting the job. You'll be wasting your time if you apply for it. Compare will be (do}ing and will (do): © Don’t phone between 7 and 8, We'll be having dinner, © Let’s wait for Liz to arrive and then we'll have dinner. Compare will be -ing with other continuous forms: 1 At 10 o’clock yesterday, Sally was in her office. She was working. (past) I's 10 o'clock now. She is in her office. She is working. (present) ‘At 10 o'clock tomorrow, she will be in her office. She will be working. We also use will be -ing in a different way: to talk about complete actions in the future, For example: © The government will be making a statement about the crisis later today. 1 Will you be going away this summer? © Later in the programme, I'll be talking to the Minister of Education ... © Our best player is injured and won't be playing in the game on Saturday. Later in the programme I'l be talking to In these examples will be is similar to (be) going to ... . ‘We use will have (done) (future perfect) to say that something will already be complete before a time in the future. For example: © Sally always leaves for work at 8.30 in the morning. She won’t be at home at 9 o'clock — she'll have gone to work. © We're late. The film will already have started by the time we get to the cinema. Compare will have (done) with other perfect forms: © Ted and Amy have been married for 24 years. (present perfect) Next year they will have been married for 25 years. When their son was born, they had been married for three years. (past perfect) Will > Units 21-22 By then / by the time —> Unit 120 The future ~» Appendix 3Exercises Unit 24 24.1 Read about Coin. Then tick (V) the sentences which are true. In each group of sentences at least one is true, Colin goes to work every day. He leaves home at 8 o'clock and arrives at work at about 8.45. He starts work immediately and continues until 12.30 when he has lunch (which takes about half an hour). He starts work again at 1.15 and goes home at exactly 4.30. Every day he follows the same routine and tomorrow will be no exception. 19 At 7.45 4 At 12.45 % a he'll be leaving the house @_ he'll have lunch 6 he'll have left the house b he'll be having lunch ¢ he'll be at home ¥ ¢ he'll have finished his lunch d he'll be having breakfast ¥ <— d he'll have started his lunch 2 At 8.15 5 At 4 o'clock a he'll be leaving the house he'll have finished work © he'll have left the house b he'll finish work € he'll have arrived at work ¢ he'll be working d he'll be arriving at work d he won't have finished work 3 ALOIS - 6 At 4.45 a he'll be working @ he'll leave work he'll start work b he'll be leaving work 7S ¢ he'll have started work ¢ he'll have left work d he'll be arriving at work d he'll have arrived home 24.2. Put the verb into the correct form, will be (do)ing or will have (done). 1 Don’t phone between 7 and 8, ..Wel.be. having... (we / have) dinner then. Phone me after 8 o'clock. (we / finish) dinner by then, Tomorrow afternoon we're going to play tennis from 3 o'clock until 4.30. So at 4 o'clock, (we / play) tennis. 4 a: Can we meet tomorrow? &: Yes, but not in the afternoon. soonwnsesnennn (IJ Work). 5 B has t0 go to a meeting which begins at 10 o'clock. It will lst about an hour. ‘il you be free at 11,30? BE YESy nn -nsnnnsnnnnns (the meeting / end) by then, 6 Ben is on holiday and he is spending his money very quickly. If he continues like this, (he / spend) all his money before the end of his holiday. Do you think “i (you / still / do) the same job in ten years’ rime 8 Lisa is from New Zealand. She is travelling around Europe at the moment. So far she has travelled about 1,000 miles. By the end of the trip, (she / travel) more than 3,000 miles. 9 If you need to contact Me, nnn until Friday. 10 A nn 7" a: Yes, probably. Why? 4: [borrowed this CD from her. Can you give it back to her? ~ (I/ stay) at the Lion Hotel (you / see) Laura tomorrow? — Additional exercises 12-13 (pages 309~10) 49itis v2 at When | do / When I've done When and Study this example: ‘Tl phone you when I get home’ is a sentence with two parts: | you when | get fi mi ‘Pt phone you" | ome from bie the main part: phone you’ and the when-part: ‘when I get home’ | & ie The time in the sentence is future (‘tomorrow’), 4 bur we use a present tense (I get) in the when-part of the sentence. We do not use will in the when-part of the sentence Some more examples: © We'll go out when it stops raining. (not when it will stop) 5 When you are in London again, come and see us. (not When you will be) © (said to a child) What do you want to be when you grow up? (not will grow) Will you phone i, ne Yes, I'l phone me tomorrow? ‘The same thing happens after while / before / after / as soon as / until or till: G I'm going to read a lot while I’m on holiday. (not while I will be) 1 P'll probably go back home on Sunday. Before I go, I'd like to visit the museum. 1 Wait here until (or till) I come back. You can also use the present perfect (have done) after when / after / until / as soon as: 1 Can I borrow that book when you've finished with it? © Don’t say anything while Ian is here. Wait until he has gone. If you use the present perfect, one t! things do not happen together): 3 When Pve phoned Kate, we can have dinner. (= First Pll phone Kate and after that we can have dinner.) 1g must be complete before the other (so the two Do not use the present perfect if the two things happen together: 2 When I phone Kate, I'l ask her about the party. (not When I've phoned) Its often possible to use either the present simple or the present perfect: O Pll come as soon as I finish. or Pll come as soon as I’ve finished. © You'll feel better after you have or _—_-You'll feel better after you've had something to eat something to eat. Alter if, we normally use the present simple (if I do / if I see ete.) for the future: I's raining hard. We'll get wet if we go out. (not if we will go) Pll be angey if it happens again. (not if ie will happen) © Hurry up! If we don't hurry, we'll be late. Compare when and if: ‘We use when for things which are sure to happen: i I'm going shopping later. (for sure) When I go shopping, I'll buy some food. ‘We use if (not when) for things that will possibly happen: 3 I might go shopping later. (it’s possible) If I go shopping, I'll buy some food. 1 If it is raining this evening, I won't go out. (rot When it is raining) 3 Don’t worry if I'm late tonight. (not when I'm late) If they don’t come soon, I'm not going to wait. (not When they don’t come) If + Units 38-40 Even if / even when > Unit 1120. Unless —> Unit 115Exercises Unit 25 25.1 Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets. All the sentences are about the future. Use will/won't or the present simple (I see / he plays / it is etc.). 1 1Uphone._ (phone! you when I ....9&.... (get) home from work. 2 T want to see Julia before she - (go) out. 3 We're going on holiday tomorrow. I (tell) you all about it when we wwe (come) bacl 4 Brian looks very different now. When you noon (See) him again, you {not / recognise) him. 5 Ser (you / be) lonely without me while | .... oe 6 We must do something soon before it (be) too late. 7 I don’t want to go without you. I (wait) until you ibe) ready. 8 Sue has applied for the job, but she isn’t very well-qualified for it. [osu (be) surprised if she (get) it. 9 Thope to play tennis tomorrow if the Weather cmennmrninnnnnnnnnen (be) nicer 10 I'm going out now. If anybody (phone) while I (be) ‘out, can you take a message? 25.2 Make one sentence from two. 1 Ie will stop raining soon. Then we'll go out. We'll go. out sa when raving. ss = 2 I'll find somewhere to live. Then I'll give you my address. I Whe nnn se 3 Tl do the shopping. Then I'll come straight back home. — AEE nnn oo on 4 I's going ro get dark. Let’s go home before that. before... 5 She must apologise ro me first. I won't speak to her untl then. until . 25.3 Read the situations and complete the sentences. 1A friend of yours is going on holiday. You want ro know what she is going to do. You ask: What are you going to do when ...y..are..on. holiday. _? 2A friend of yours is visiting you. She has to go soon but maybe there's time for some more coffee. You ask: Woukl you like some more coffee before You want to sel your car. Jim is interested in buying it, but he hasn't decided yer. You ask: Can you let me know as soon as 4 Your friends are going to New York soon. You want to know where they're going to stay. You ask: Where are you going to stay when os > 5 The trafic is very bad in your town, but they are building a new road at the moment. You say: I think things will be better When they enone nen 25.4 Put in when or if. 1 Don't worry .U£.. I'm lare tonight. 2 Tom might phone while I'm out this evening, he does, can you take a message? 3 I’m going to Rome next week. I'm there, I hope to visit a friend of mine. 4 [think Jill will get the job. I'll be very surprised ... _~ she doesn’t get it. 5 I'm going shopping. you want anything, I can get it for you. 6 I'm going away for a few days. I'll phone you T get back. 7 want you to come to the party, but ... you don’t want to come, that’s all right. 8. We can eat at home or, you prefer, we can go to a restaurant. — Additional exercises 12-15 (pages 309-11), 32 (page 321)