Notes for Marking Level I Worksheets 1. It is important that students write correct intermediate steps. Remind them that doing so will help them in the longer term, and also when doing corrections. 2. In the factorisation exercises (31-80), only a typical form of each answer is shown in this answer book, and equivalent answers should be marked correct (provided they are fully factorised). See further notes about equivalent answers on the next page. 3. From 1107 on, remind students to rationalise denominators, i.e. any fraction with a radical (square root) in the denominator should be rewritten so that the radical appears in the numerator. 4. In the section on graphs of quadratic functions (1141-170), it is not necessary for each graph to be correct in every precise detail, but the graph should capture important features correctly. A graph drawn incorrectly (e.g. one with a pointed vertex rather than a curved vertex, or one which does not reach to the edges of the graph) should be marked incorrect.Further Notes on Equivalent Answers A general feature of algebra is that the exact form of any answer can vary depending on the order of letters, brackets and signs. The following are some examples of equivalent answers: Examples Notes Terms may be added in a different order. pa or —atb Note: it is normally recommended to write (3+ 4)(2+.2) or (r+ 3)(a+ 2) answers in alphabetic order, Answers with FP Ota EB powers are normally written in descending order of powers. (2x+4)(3x+ 1) or (3x+1)(2x+4) | Terms may be multiplied ina different order. (2-DOrt+D or 2+ DG-1) 12) x dy Fractions may be written either as coefficients 37 5 35 or as algebraic fractions. sat out orx+ + Negative signs can appear inside or outside (4-00 +2) or —@—4)(r+ brackets. Formal Definition of Equivalent Answers Two answers are equivalent if they give the same result no matter which values are substituted: *(r+2)(r+3) and (+3)(1+2) are equivalent, e.g. substituting x = 10 gives (e+ 2)(r+3) = 12 13 = 156 (tad 2) @1axi2 Ei? | agree (also agree for other values of x rt+3)(r+2 2= *(r+2)? and x? +4 are not equivalent, e.g. substituting x = 10 gives (+2)? = (12)? = 144 eee Saran } disagree (also disagree for most other values of x)The answers start from the next page.2 3 a) -4 a) Lbs C1) 28x5y 6 3 oe a -45 (2) 82-4 (2) = 12x54? s 1 1 , Hh 3) -1 (3) ~pat—pe (3) -16x5y (4) -1 (4) Bx? +x-5 (4) 3a*bSx wy -+ (5) 2a-56+3 (sy) —Brtys 5) 3 5) 2a 5) —paxty (6) —33 (6) 7x? +2x (6) 0 6 - Tein ) ~35 (1) 4-5 (1) = 30x7 y?z (8) -3 (8) x? - 24-5 (8) 60x? y%z 6 (9) Gate (9) 60x ySz" 2 3 ao) 4 aa + (0) 4a? (0) 3xty! a 3 28. ¢ {ay — Ba (yy 122548 a3 = 18) — a <8 ‘ (12) ta 8 (2) —gpahrty® : 3) -4a? (2) 16 ag) 9 (4) 2a? (3) = 82° y! ay +e a7 fas fa] 408 ay Barty? Od « arty 1 py (oe 82a" 45) 20x y822 op 5) oF lan [a®] ~3a? ; ; (16) 3245 y 28 1 (18) 9a? (5) 8 (2) gr ; (a) [a5] 904 (7) 45x4y8z8 (16) 32 (0) -15a5 (8) 64.6 y'®14-6 4 5 6 ami (1) Qx-4y (1) 10x 2 (2) Baroy (@) -4 (3) 10 (2) 10x (3) 2 (4) -Sxt+6y () = (5) —5x-10y (3) -6x418 2ab (6) —Sx+2 (5) =F (7) -3x-6y+5 (4) 7x-3 (6) 66" 2 13 (8) —pat4q5 mi. (9) —Px4t, (5) 9x-8 ‘ : array 4 (8) 2x8z (0) 8x-12y ay -$r-1 (9) 6xty? (2) 9x +10 2 (13) — 8x4 2y ta aa (a0) 2y8 (4) -2x+2 (5) 8x 2 8 (QD Ger (6) — Tx i) a7) 2x+6 ») — 822 5) y+ - (2) Bor as) a+ (0) x-1717-8 7 8 (1) 8x?-12xry a) -l@ (6) 4 (2) 6x2y—12xy? +30xyz (2) B4e m1 2 oy? 9 2 —e. = (3) = 12xty+202y Oo (8) -1 (4) -8x'y?+10xy° (4) |atb (9) 5 1 «) 0 () -1 (an) -3 7 (6) 3-4 ap [6] c atb (1) -2y 43x aa) [e 15) 4 231 (8) 3-3 o p-414G4 as) [a] [6 (16) 10 2y x 2x? . 4 0) -2xrty19-10 10 we we CQ) ke @) de 1 ME (5) —4 (2) [be (5) |@ abc =A a+b ~ a) ad . ab (@) -1 (6) -6 aw a (6) O55 10 2A c ME ao) FF @ (9) 35 rx = =g -1 2A 360A (8) -7 ap -1 (8) Bye 0) (9) -5 a2) -6 —9—111-12 11 12 (1) act+ad+|bce|+[bd a) [a?]+[2jaxr+a6+[2]oxr (2) 2a? +6ax+ab+3bx (2) ac-ad+bc-bd (3) 8a? +2ax—-12ab-3bx (8) 2ax—2ay+[bx]-[ba] (1) 8a? —6ax-12ab+9bx (4) dac+2ad +[2be]+[bd (8) bay4abi—2bhg —[B0" (6) a? -axt2ab-2bx (5) Bax—ay +[9bx]-3by (7) 3ax-3ab-bx+b? (6) Saxt+6ay+l2bx+9by (8) Ba? -act5ab—be 11 12 (1) 6ax+dayt+3bx+2by (9) x? +[7]x+12 (8) actad-be-bd | (0) x? - 4-12 (9) 6ax+4ay-3bx-2by (10) 25ac+5ad -5be- bd Qp xitxr-12 Ql) 2ax+3ay-—2bx4-3by (2) 22-22-15 (2) ac-ad—be+bd (3) 15ax—9ay - 2062+ 12by (9) a ar 15 (MW) 6ry—16x+15y—40 ( x?-8r +15 (15) 2500xy + 5000x —500y— 1000 (5) 2x? +3x-9 (6) actatbct+b (7?) xy-x-ytl (6) 6x? -11r-10 —1w—113-14 13 14 () x? +[6]x+9 re (1) 2x? +]9]ry+loy? (2) dx? + 4x t] (2) 222+ xy-10y? 3) 16x? +56x+49 4 & He “bp o6e (3) 2x? = xy-10y? «) [2]-[9] (4) 2x2 -9ry+10y? (5) 4x? -25 (5) 3x? +13xy + 12y? (6) 16x?-49 (6) 3x? -5xy—12y* (7) 9a? -1 (7) 38x? +5xy—12y? (8) 9a? +6041 (8) Bx? 18xy + 12y? 13 14 Oo ; () axtay+ac+{bx|+[by|+[bc x? +(4ryt4fy?] (1) x? ay? (2) axtabtact4x+4b+4e (4x? —25y? (3) axt+ay+az—bx-by-bz (12) 9x? - 164 (4) axt+ab-ac-x-bte (13) 2? +6x+9 (5) [@?|+ax-aytab+bx-|by (4) a? +8a+16 2a? ~dac-a-2b+! (5) x? +6ry +992 (6) 2a*+4ab-dac—a-2b+2c (6) x? -9y? (7) 2a? -ax+2ayt+6ab—-—3bx+6by —u—115-16 15 16 a) xo +[6]x?+[D1 x +12 cd a) @® [4 T @ 2) [3 (2) x92? S412 me a ca @ [4] [a @ |@ (3) x8 -6x? +5x412 ell «@ @ [3] (4) x8 47x? 4+72-15 @ [2 ® (5) 244-32? +4243 @ [2] [4a 15 16 ony (6) (8) (9 (10) a 4] [5] &) 8) ax) —[2x]+12 xi=2-6 223 — 2+ xit+8 345-72? + 16x +60 3r°+4z?-25 Q) © —5x3-3x? +[2z]+6 @ x'+4x3—27?-72-8 @ —6x>+4x5+8x'°+4x-7 © ~3x%y-5xry-15y © 4x5 4x? yt2ry?-y? (2) © 2x5 +112? -25 @ 6x* 11x? +25 —p—117-18 17 18 (1) [= 2x7] [x] [5 (1) [12] [3 —4x5—4x*-11lx-5 2x'-15x?-10x+3 (2) 2x8 +x7-9 (2) 6x4 13x25 +232? —13x+5 (3) —2z8 +722 -122+9 17 18 (4) 6x9-19x? 4132-2 (3) 2x'—8x5+8x?-18 (5) (6) (7) (8) 8x°— 2827 +48 2x 2g* 27-12 —9x9-—9x? +252 4+25 —6z! -—12z° +132? +207—-5 (4) x8 +9x? +14 (5) 325 -6x'—20x9 +52? +124—-4 —13-119-20 19 20 (1) [2 xit+6x?+1lx+6 (2) x5 —6x? +11x-6 GQ) x8 +6xr? 412x748 (2) xt 4x9 — 2x? +1249 19 (3) xt-1 (4) a8 +4x3— 20? -12r49 (5) x8 + y5 20 1 ms SE lia GQ) Exeter gy (4) a 7x46 (5) ai 5x? +4 —u—121-22 21 22 (1) c? +|2ed|+a? (1) 2? -|2ry|+ y? (2) x? +2ryt+y? (2) x? -2axt+a* (3) s?+2st40? (3) x? -[10]x+[25 (4) a?+2actc? (4) a? =8a416 (5) a? +|6]a+|9 (5) a®-2at] (6) a®?+4at4 (6) 4x?- 12449 (7) x? +8x416 (7) 9x? - 30x +25 (8) y?+2y41 (8) [4]x?-4ayty? (9) 2? +10x4+25 (9) 4x?-l2xy+9y? 21 22 (10) x? +6x+9 (10) 94? = 30.xry +25y? Gy x? +14x+49 (1) 64x? -112xy+49y? (2) 9x? +] 30]a +] 25 (12) 9a* —24arxy t+ 16x? y? (13) 9x? +124"+4 (3) x4 —2x2y ty? (4) 25x? +80x+ 64 (4) xf-2x8 +x? (3) dx? +4xy + y? 3) xB — 2x3 y?+ (6) 2? +6xry4+9y? (16) 4x°-daty? + y! (17) 16x? +24xy+9y? (7) 9x8 —24x4y? + l6y! 3) 7H 2 2 (is) x +) 4)x2 +4 (as) a ty (19) Gat +240? y+ 16y? () x? +10xy? +25y' ae) a) 4 ey ’ (QD 4 or (20) (2) eet (a) g 1523 24 25 aa a) [4] [4 CG) 2x? +24? a) [a?]-[2eb]+ 62 8x2 +8x42 (2) x? -10x+25 (2) 8x24 18y2 (8) 92¢ 6241 (2) 64x? - 96x +36 (4) 4x? dary ty? ; , | aay (3) 3x? +24ry +48y? (5) 16x°—8ax+a* i (4) 2dxy (6) a®x?—Gabry+9b%y? | (4) — 24° +8x—8 (7) x8 -2x8y+y? . : . (5) —48x?+72xy—27y? | (5) 20x x? oxy (8) 4 3 + 9 oo) ate (6) ~3x?-22--F (6) dabry 23 24 25 Oo @ —etnay ny «7 [4] (1) ct +2ed+a? 4x? + 8ryt4y? (2) 4x? +dxyt y? . (8) —x?-2ry-y? 51 1, (3) 4x? 4+12ry4+9y? (8) ye typrytyy 4) x? + + * " (4) x? +102 +25 (9) x? -6ry+9y? () ax t8ar+15 (9) far-fassdor 5) 22 ty we ; (9) "6 +16 (10) —48r'y?41200'y—T5r'y! (7) tert , 1 (10) 4a? +8xy+4y? (83) x? xt (uw) —4x?—day—y? (9) ai-24+4y (10) ettaey (12) ei-aret ap tat-hab+po? —16—| 26-28 27 28 (1) x? 4/8] x4] 15 Q) 2? -225 (2) x? -16 (2) 2? +/5lr—-[14 (2) x2 = 30x +225 (3) 4x? -25 (3) x? -3x-10 (3) 16x? -8x4+1 (4) x? -4y? (4) x? -10x+21 (4) x? -2xy-15y? (5) 4x°-Qy? (5) x? +11x+24 (5) [5y| x? +8xy+15y7 (6) 25x°-36y* (6) x? +4x-12 5) 24 ty, (7) x2y=1 (1) x? 42-5 8) gs eg (8) gy? (8) x? -8x4+15 (7) 9x1 25 rooy x et 15 ie! ox 26 28 (9) x? (8) 32?-6x-72 (0) 16a*-36 (0) x? +xy—6y? (9) =22? + l6xy + 96y? (1) 9x? a%b? (1) x? +2ry—24y? eee St (2) [16] 32x?-18 (2) [6] 2x*-2x-12 | Lydia (13) —3a? + 27x? (13) — 3x? - 34 +36 (4) — 1254? +5 (4) — x? y?+1lxy—28 | 0D 6x (5) —2a?+32 (5) 2x? + 10xy—100y" (a2) etx-1 (16) $y 2 (16) 2x? —42 ) rite (7) 2x? +10x+16 a7) -16 (13) 9x? + 18ry + 8y2 (8) 8x? -6xy+2y? as) -2x+1 (9) —15x°-4a+104 | 9) -5x (4) - 252? -25ry—-6y*| 29-30 29 30 (1) 6x? +[31 |x +35 GQ) 28-1 , (2) 4x? —124n+9 (2) 6x? +19x+10 (3) aix?+2ab xt b® (3) 4x? + 29247 (4) porte? (4) 3x?-[13]x-30 iy eda 5) team (5) 64? +1lx-10 (6) Gx? +28xy+30y? 29 30 (6) 8x? +2ry-15y? (7) 8x7-xy-10y? (1) 6x? +7xy+2y? (8) -9x?-9x+4 (8) 6x? -29xy-5y?* (9) 15x?+2-40 oe 32 (2) Bx 4224 + 16 (10) O.lx? +0.6ry +0.9y2 Qy —14x*-llry+15y? QD —20x' + 38x? +30 (12) 72x? +47x-14 a3) -—5x?+5iz-10 a2) -y? —1s—131-32 31 32 a) a(y+[z]}) QQ) a(x-y) (2) [x|(yta2) (2) 2x(at1) (3) alx-y) (3) 4bx(a-1) (4) x(y-z) u (4) yGx-y) (3) [t}(a-6) (5) 5Say(x-2y) (6) x(c-d) (6) —4x([2y|+[z]) (7) 2(at+b) (8) ble-c) (7) -2b(8a+4e) (9) [5](r—-3) (8) —3y? (4x +32) (10) 7(x+3) (9) -a°b?(56+3a) 31 32 ay [2](e+2) a» ax?+6)| (0) a(x-y+z) (2) 5(26-3) (0) 3ax%(a+2) |) a(2x—3y—2) (2) -4(Bx-9y +2 3) 2(3x+4y) @U 6xy(xyt4) He -Out2z) (13) —5x(a+3y+2z) (4) 3(3a—46) | (22) 2¢4 +|1)) (4) Ba(x?—Ty? +927) (5) [5x](2-2) | (23) 4(a-1) (3) —12a(3x?-5y2-7z") (16) 3x(2x-3) | (24) 3x (2x +1) (6) xy(xt+y+1) ap xy((e]-[z) |e) x2(r+1) @p x(x? +241) (8) @b(a? +67) | (26) 3x°ya*(z-2y*) | 08) — xy? 2° (ry?25 +325-2xty?) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT —19—1 33-34 33 34 (1) Ce-d)(\y}+lz}) 1) S(t y)(a|+|6]) (2) (a+ 6)({x]+[3]) (2) [2\(xrt+y)(2a+ 6) (3) (b-e)(x-y) (4) (r-2)(a+6) (3) 3(a+y)(2a+6) (3) (at+4)(x-y) (6) (r-y)(rty) (4) 3(a-y)(2a+36) (7) (Bx-1)(a-b) (5) A(t y)(a—36) (8) (x-2)(34-5) (9) (2a-b)(x-y) (6) 2(1+3)(2a+3) (0) +y)(3at{1 (r+ Ga+[T)) (7) 3(4-3)(a+1) ay (r-y)(2a+1) (12) (a-b)(xty) (8) 3(4-3)(4-2) 33 34 (3) (e=ya-6) (x+y) 45a) | (9) 8eCrt y)(a+[5]) (=(+ Wat) (0) 2e(xt+y)(atb) (4) (a-2)(a-4) 2) (Ba- (1 +.x) (=@e-DirtD) ay) [8¢|(r+y)(2a4+3b6) (5) (et y)(Qa+b) C3) (x-2y)(6y-5z) | 2) 3x(a + y) (2a +36) (3) 4a(x+y)(2a +36) (16) (a+5b)(7x-3y) | (24) (a+b)(2a +) (uu) 2x(x-y)(Sa +6) 7) (a—b)(Bxt2y)) (25) (x +2)\(x—-2y) | 2(x- y) (2a? ~ 35) (6) 2a(x-y)(2a-36) (18) (e-d)(3y+1) 26) Be—d)e—3d) | a7) x(x -2y) (4 + y) (8) a(xt+3)(a-2 oo (et2Me—D | e Gy—Der-v | EF HC~2 (19) 2a(x-2)(3a-2) (20) (x-y)(4a-1) | (28) (a@-10)(a +10) | (20) 3x(2a +36) (3x +4) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT — 39 —| 35-36 35 36 (1) [Sry (x+y) (a+b) a) (x]+fy))? (7) (x-5)? (2) 3xylaty)(3at4b) (2) Ca}-[y)? (8) Car +1)? (3) 38x(2ty) (Ba? +46") (4) 3x? (xt y)(3a t+ 4b) (9) (2x41)? (5) 3x(xty) (Bax +46) (6) 3x(r+y)(3a+4b) (4) (x-[2])? (wo) (44-1)? (7) 3(a+y)(3ax? +46) =1.\3 (5) (4+7)? ay (3x+{5]y)? (8) 3(a+y) (Bax? +4) (9) 3(r+y) (Bax? +1) (6) (x44)? (2) (2x-3y)* 36 (10) 5xy(a—b) (3) (20) (24 +5)? Qy 5xry(a—b)(2y+x) ee ue (45)? (2r+7y)? 2) Sryla-b)(2xy +1) (5) (+10)? (2) (Srt+y)? (13) 3x(a+1)(2x+y) (4) 8a(at1) (2x41) (6) (4-6)? (23) (32-10)? (5) 2(@+3) (2441) : eee Gn) (2x49)? eh (2 +3)? (6) x(x—y) (2-1) s) (4x —5y)? (2%) (4-2y)? an x(x-y)({1J-x) aa) x?(a-y)U-x) (9) (3x -2y)? (26) (5x +1)? NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT 31 —| 37-38 37 38 aa i a) [2] ar-y)? a) (B]rt+y)? () Gab-5x)* (@) (y=)? (9) (Bx-1)? | (2) x(r—5)? (3) (6x+5y)? ao) (a+11)? (3) 3(x—3)2 oy)? 1\, G) (x=2y)? a) (arta)? (4) 4(52-2)? (5) (xy—[6})? | 12) (x-+) (5) 5(x-4y)? (6) (ax+3)? (3) (4a+1)? ° ue (7) (Qxy+3)? (6) a(x-y)? 37 38 On 7) [A] 4a6(3r4[2 () (x+7)? (8) (3x-2)? (8) 2x(a+3b)* (2) (4-8)? @ ( ‘ 5)2 (3) non-factorable (10) 9) Satay +5) (4) (2-9)? ap (0) —3(r+2y)" (5) (22-3)? (22) non-factorable | UD (r= y)? (6) x=) uw (8e—Fy)! |) ~ Cet) (7) non-factorable (13) = (2x y)? NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT 99 —| 39-40 40 GQ) x(rt1) ; , (2) 12a(3x? +5y?+7z") (2) (3x? +1)? (3) (5x2 +7y)? (3) (Qx-y)(a+y) (4) (x? +y3)? (4) (a+1) (3x41) id (5) 2(x+3)(2a+1) (6) (4xy> +324)? Gey * (6) 3(x-3)(a+1) (1) ~(a-3x)* , (7) 3(a-2)(2-2) (8) —5(2x+y)? (9) -(x-y)? (8) a(x-4)(a+1) (0) — (3x? +2)? (9) rlat6)(x-1) 40 ay (0) (2-y)* (12) 2x*(2y+3x) ay (2e-Ty)? (3) (a-4) (x+y) . bog yt)2 (4) (x= y) (8a +25) 02) (Bx? —5y") (8) (a-y)(a+1) (13) (a+ Fy)! (16) 2a(4-2)(3a-2) 2 1 +. aa) (Gx+dv) 8) B as) —3a(r-4y)? (2) 19 3 (16) —2x(2y+5z)* (3) [4 2 co) [9] [4 a7) -(3x+2y)? NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT —23—141-42 41 42 QQ) (ety) (r-y) (2) (x+2)(x-|2]) (3) (r+|3)) (2 -[3)) (4) Ce+4) (4-4) (8) (2+5)(2-5) (6) (2x+5)(2x—-5) (7) (34+5)(32-5) (8) (42+5y) (42 —-5y) (9) (ry +4) (ry-4) 0) (34+2xy)(3-22ry) Qp (3xy411)(xy-11) (12) (ryt+4a)(xy—4a) (1) (2) (3) (4) (8) (9) (0) (2x+1)(2x-1) (10x +1)(10x-1) (3ry+1)Gxy-1) (32° + y) (3x? -y) (4x? +5y)(4x* —5y) (3x? y +11) (8x7 y-11) (x8 + y)(x5-y) (xt 8y?)(x-3y*) (1+625)(1-625) (40° +5y?) (42° -5y?) At 42 (3) (x+7) (4-7) (a) (2x +3)(2x-3) (5) (r+9y)(x-9y) (16) (2x+5y)(2x-5y) (7) (Q2xr+7y)(2x-Ty) (8) (1+ 2r)(1- 24) (9) (5+6a)(5-6a) (2) (3+7a)(3-7a) (2) Cry +22) (xy-2z) (2) (2ab+3c)(2ab—3c) (23) (3xy+8z)(3xy—8z) (24) (dab +3cd)(4ab-3cd) (3) (Sry +7ab)(Sxy-Tab) ay (2) 3) a4) (5) (6) ay) (1s) (9) (20) (2r+3y)(2x-3y) (3x+4y)(3x-4y) (3ry +2z)(3xy - 22) (2+ xry?)(2- xy?) (2x5 +5y4)(2x5—5y!) Ban y? Ba — y 2) (Bry? +425) (3xy?—423) (4x2y +5az")(4x2y—5az") (7xy? + M2z)(7xy? - Mz) Ce" +") GB 4) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT — 24 —143-45 43 44 45 «) [@] [9¥7] a) (r+[B)) (x42) G) (x+[5})Cr+[3]) a(at3y)(x-3y) | (2) (r+5)(r+2) (2) (4-5)(4-2) (3) (x+5)(4+3) (3) (r+5)(4-2) (2) 3ax(yt+3)(y-3) (4) (x+2)(2+1) (4) (2-7) (+2) (3) y?(8x+2)(8x—2) | (5) (xt4)(x41) (5) (x+8)(x-7) (6) (x-3)(4-[2)) (6) (x+3)(4+2) (8) xlryt G92) | ony (yay (e-2) (1) (4-6)(4-2) (8) (4-5)(4-2) (8) (x-6)(a+4) (8) 3(2x+y)(2x-y) (9) Ge-5) Gr —-3) (9) (a-5) (+4) (6) 3(x+5)(x-5) (10) (2-4) (a-3) (10) (2-8) (+5) 43 44 45 (7) Ux+6)(x-6) ay (x+3)(2—[2) ay (x-8)(4-3) (8) 3(ry+22)(ry—22) | EFYG2D Yaa) (e624) 3) (x+5)(4-2 seeay | (re 5)r=2) as) (2-6) +5) (9) alx+TW(2-TH) | ayy) (xr +8)(x-3) . . a4) (x-12)(x-1) (0) 3x(xry +2z)(ry—2z) | 05) (2 +7)(4—3) * is) (x #7)(4-1) (5) (x+2)(x-1) GQ) ax(x? +y)(x?-y) (7) (16) (x+6)(4+3) (12) 2x(a? + ee 3 _ Z By ata + a(t H) | as) (2-4) (4 +2) at) (4-9) (x +6) (9) (2-5) (+2) (3) ay(rty)(4-y) (is) (2 +9)(r-6) (20) (4-5) (+3) (4) xyz(xty)(r-y) () (x-8)(x+)) (19) (x+15)(x+8) (5) xyz(ryt2z)(xy—z) | 22) (x-5)(a +1) (20) (x-17)(x+5) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT 95| 46-48 46 47 48 GQ) Cr+|7P)Cr+4) (1) [5] [4 1) x(a-b) (r+ M41) (2) xy(aty) (2) (4-7) (at4) (3) 3ax*(a+2) (3) (e+7) (4-4) (r+ 28)(441) (2) 2(x+5)(4-2) (3) 2(4+2)(2-1) (4) 2(x-11)(x-2) 6xy(xy +4) Bry? (4x-y?) axyl(x+y4+1) (5) (4-28)(2-1) (7) a? b(ab-3-b*) (6) (x +28)(r=1) (8) a(x+6)(x-2) (8) (2-5)? (7) (4-28)(2+1) (6) 3a(x-4)(x +1) (9) (Qx+y)? 46 47 48 (8) (x+9)(x+4) (7) 2(4-6)(2+2) ao) (x-y)(a-b) 5 ay (x+y)(4a+3b) (9) (Geo) (8) 2(1-8)(x+5) (2) (a—6)(38x+2y) Qo) (2+12)(x+3) (9) 3(x-8)(4-3) ) Cg) 4a —V) (1) (4-18)(4-2) (4) (x-y)+5a) (10) = 2(r-6)(x+5) (5) 4(x+y)(a-36) (22) (a —36)(x-1) (16) (5a? +12)? a9 (e=1a)y(rt10) | “8G +9G~2) a7) x(a-5)? (4) (x +13)(x-12) (12) —(2+7)(x-4) as) a(x-4y)? NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT — 95 —149-51 49 50 51 1) x8(ax? +6) Q) (2x+[1)(rt1) QQ) (2x+5)(x+ |) (2) B+22a+b) Veo) (3r4( pet) fi Get Gary (3) (2x-Ty)? (3) (4[x+1) (241) (4) (2x+5y)(2x-5y) (4) ([5]x-[1}) (4-1) (5) (45 +7ay’)(405-Tay’) (5) (4jr+D(2-[1)) (6) 3ax(xyt3z)(xy-3z) (1) -(r-4)? (6) (3x-1)(4-1) (8) —3a(x—-4y)? (7) (4x4) (4-1) 49 50 51 (9) (x-5)(2-2) (8) (5¢-[1)(r+[]) +([5))(r+1) (10) (x-28)(x+1) (9) (BletD@rt1) |) @z-[E)G@-D (QD (r+12)(4+3) (3) (3x-4) (2-1) ao (4jx-D@B]x-D (12) 2(4-10) (4-4) (6) (2x-3)(x-1) ay (12x-1)(4-1) (3) =(2+7)(x-4) (7) (2x+3)(x=1) a2) (6x-1)(2x+1) (4) —2(x-12)(4-1) (8) (2x+5)(a-1) (5) -3a(r+5)(x—2) | (3) e+ DGx+1) (9) (3x+4)(x-1) (16) 2x(a+2)(x-1) (4) (7x+1)(4x-1) (0) (3x+5)(r-1) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT 97| 52-54 52 53 54 CG) (Bat [2) Crt (1) (8x+2)(4+2) (1) (x+3)(x+2) 5 (2) (3x-2)(x-2) (2) CrtD)(a+3) (2) (Bxrt2)(2 +3) (3) (3x+2)(x—2) (3) (22-1) (4-3) 4) Gx—2)(r+2) (3) (5x+6)(x+1) (4) (2x-3)(4-1) (s) Great) (4) (5x+1)(1+6) (5) (2x+3)(x-1) (6) (3x-4) (4-1) , (5) (5x-3)(x+2) (6) (2x-3)(x+1) (7) (3x1) (444) (7) (2x4+1)(x-3) (8) (3x+1)(4-4) (6) (+1) (2-6) 52 53 54 (8) (2x+5)(44+1) (9) (S4+4)(44+1) (7) (x-6)(x-1) _ _ (0) (5x+2)(x+2) (9) (2x-5)(2-1) (8) (82—3)(2—2) Qy (5x-2)(4-2) Qo) (2r+5)(4-1) ap (2) (3) (4) (2x-5)(441) (2x 4+1)(4 +5) (2x-1)(4-5) (2x+1)(24-5) (12) (13) (4) a5) (16) (Sxt+1)(r+4) (5x-1)(4-4) (5r+2)(4-2) (54-2)(442) (54-4) (2441) (9) (0) ay (12) (54-2)(4-3) (54 +2)(2-3) (54—-2)(2+3) (54+6)(4-1) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT 93 —155-57 55 56 57 (1) (24+3)(2x+1) G) (2r-1)(r+[5]) |) (@r+3)(r+5) (2) (2x-3)(2x-1) (2) (4+ 1) (4 +3) (2) (24+5) (+3) (3) (4x-3) (2-1) (3) (2x-3)(2x-1) (3) (2x-5)(x+3) (4) (4-1) (4+) (4) (3x-2)(4-2) (4) (2x-3)(4+4) (5) (44+) (2-3) (6) (2x+3)(2x-1) (5) (4x-7)(4+1) (5) (8x+2)(x+4) 55 56 57 (1) (6x45) (241) (6) (24-3)(4+1) (6) (34-4) (2x+3) (8) (6x+1)(x+5) (7) (8x-D(r+5) (7) (82-4) (22-5) (9) (8x+5)(24-1) (8) (84-7) (2x +1) (8) (Sx-7)(3x-2) (0) (3x-1)(2x+5) (9) (7x+2)(3x-1) (9) (5x+2)(3x-7) ay (6x-1)(4+5) (10) (2x+7)(4-4) (2) (8x+5)(2x+1) ay (Sx-1)(2x+3) (10) (Sx-4) (2x +3) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT —29—| 58-60 58 59 60 a) [5] |3 (1) 2(x-3)? GQ) -2(4-2)(r+1) 3(2x-1)(x+3) (2) 2(2x-1)(4+5) (2) 3(r+4)? (2) -2(2-6)(4+2) (3) —3(2x-3)(44+1) | (3) a(x-4)(xt+2) (3) x(a-12y)(x-2y) (4) -2(2x-3)(x-1) | (4) (244+3)(24+5) (4) (2? +4) (2 +3)(2-3) (5) x(2x+5)(rt1) | 5) Cr+ 2)9(2-2)8 59 60 (6) (2+ yr+fa)(e-[a)) | (6) (a 26) (e+ y) x(2x-3)(x+7) (7) 3(a—6)(x+2) (6) a(2x+1)(x-2) (7) (2? +4)(1+2)(2-2) (8) [9 (7) 2(5x-6)(x+1) (8) (x+y) + yt yla-y) (at b)(x-3)? (9) (a+6)(a+3)(x-3) (8) —2(6x+5)(2x—-3) | (9) x(x? +4)(x+2)(4-2) (0) (a-6)(x+2)(x-1) (10) 3x? +4y*ax+2y)(x-2y) | 1) (a 6) (24-3)(x- 1) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT —30—161-63 61 62 63 a) [5 a) ly a (xt y2xt+y)a-y) (xt y)(xtyt5) a(x-y)(3x-4y) (xty)(xty—3) | (2) 2r-y)Q-x+y) 2(x-2y)* (x+y) (3) (x-y)(x-y +4) (3) 6(4-3y)(4-y) (4) (x-y)(a-y-5) _ | [2] (3) 2x(x+ Ir+3)(r-2) (3) (a= y)(r-y-|1]}) zoey] atx 2ylatx)a-2) (6) (xty)laty-a) 61 62 63 (@ (5) -2(x-2y)(x+2y) |) x(2at+b+e) (at wla-x-y) (8) (rt y)B-x-y) (6) x(Qxr-y)(a?+2xy—y") | (5) 3x(a+26) (9) (x-y)(a-xty) (10) [b? (2+ yart+ay+b*) (7) -2(x-2y)(at+y) | (6) 2a(atbt+e) av (rt y)Q?+xy+y") a2) a(xty)(rtyt2) | (8) rQx-y)(a-y)? | (7) (ab )(a-5) (x +2) 3) 3(4—-y)(a-y-a) (4) 2(a-y)(a-y -2) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT —31—| 64-66 64 65 66 Gy et yt[3pr+y-[3) |) -4rty)(r-2y) |) Cet y +[2])? (2) Cr+ y 3)? (2) (r-yt2z)a-y-2) |} (2) —4y(a-2y) (3) (x+y-5)? (3) (xt ytz)(a-y-2) | (3) -8(2x-y)(4-y) (4) (a6 +4)® (4) Cet y—z)a—y tz) | (4) Art y+22)(22- y-22) (5) (a-b-7)* (5) (3+x-2y)(3-x+2y) (6) (a-b +11)? 64 65 66 (6) (atb+e+d)atb-c-d)| (5) (7) (r+ y—4a)? (ax+1+y)(2x+1—-y) |. - (=Qrty+DQr-yt Dy (et y- 5a)? (7) -(Qx-y-z)(y—2) | (6) (xt14+y)(xt+1-y) . > (=Gr+y4+Dr-y+D) (9) (r+2y+2) (0) (x+2y-2z)? (8) (5x+3)(4+1) (7) (a—b+3x)(a- 6-32) ay (2Qa-y4+1)? ; _ 2 (9) 44r-Dr+3) fo & i a (xtatb)(x-a-b) | 13) (34+2y)? (=-(atbt+x)(at+b-x)) (0) (atbtctdlatbt+c-d) (ud) (84-29)? NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT —32—| 67-69 67 69 Q) (2t+y+2)? [2] (Qr+2y+3)(at y+1) (2) (x-y-2z)? (2) (at y—5)(atyt3) | (2) (2x+2y-3)(rt yt2) (3) (x+3a+3b)? (3) Carty t6)(xt+y—3) | (3) (2x42y4+1) (rt y-5) (4) (2-3a-36)? (4) Crt y—5)(rty-2) | (4) (8x4+3y-Dirt+y-4) (5) (2lx+at5)? (6) (xy)? 67 68 69 [6] (5) (a—yt3)(r-y4+)) | 05) (7x+2y) (2x4 y) 9](x+2y)? (6) (x-y+3z)(a-y +2) (8) 4(2x+3y)? (7) (at y—Se(rty+3z) | 6? (Gx+2y)(—2y) (8) (S4+y)(3x+y) (9) O(2u+5y)? (7) (Tx+6y)(4+3y) (9) (5x-2y)(3x—-2y) (10) 9a—4y)? (0) (7r-y)(4x-y) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT —33—| 70-72 70 71 72 ap [4 oO ap [x] [27] a) [x] [y 2(5x+8y) (x+y) (x-2y)(2r+3y)(2r-3y) 2 |y x) |y (2) 3(at2y)(2x+3y) w-y)(a 48) (2) Ja} [6 (a-6)(x-3)? (2) (4-2y)(atb) (3) 2(2x+3y)(3x+4y) (3) (a-b)ax+2)(x-1) (3) [2] [y 2| |y (xt y)(a-b) 70 71 72 «4» [4] (4) (x-3y)(a+b) (4) (a—6)(24+3)(2-2) —2(x+3y)(3x—-2y) (5) (x-2y)(a- 6) Oo (3) 2(7x+4y)(r+y) |) E] (5) (a—6)(3r-4)(2r+3) @) EF] (6) 4(3x+y)(x-y) (3) [+ (6) (x=y)(a—2y)(a+y) «) [F] (5) [= (7) (a-6)(x-5)(x+2) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT —34—173-74 73 dQ) [= (2) (4) [+ () [gf (r-y)Cr-y-2) (2) (a= y)?-3x43y) (= -(x- y)?(3x-3y-1)) 74 QQ) ylr-y)(4x-3y) (2) [8y 3y 3x] [3y] 3a(a-3y)(4-y) (3) —2x(4-3y)(4-2y)(a-y) 73 74 (3) (x-y)(r-y-2) (4) (x-y)?O+3x-3y) (=(r-y)*(Gx-3y+1)) (5) x(x-2y)(Bx-2y) (6) (x-y)(Q-x+y) (=-(2-y)(r-y-2)) (y-a)(4-1) (g-yf)(@-g-D) (6) (a+b)(6x—1) (7) 2(y-2)(x+22) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT 35 —75 76 () fa} ly (1) fax} ly (2-y)-a) (x-y)(at+o) (2) (xt+y)(a-b) (2) —yla-2b) (3) Bx(r-2y)(x-3y)(2 ty) (3 (r-y)(a-6) (4) (h+e)(a+d) (5) (b-c)at+d) 75 76 (4) (a—26) (4-1) 6) [8] [e] (b-c)(a-d) (7) [6] (3) (a—b) (x2 +4)(x42)(x-2) (b-c)(a-d) (6 —3x(4-3y)(a-2y)(a—- y) (8) (b-c)latd) (9 (b+d)(a-c) (0) (b-d)(a-c) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT — 36 —| 77-78 77 78 (1) l@ qi) [4 (atx)laty) (xt+4)(x? +2) (2) (4-4) (a? +2) (2) (a+x)(a-y) (3) (+4) (2? -2) (4) (r-4) (4? -2) (3) (a-x)(aty) (5) (x+1)(2? +1) (4) (2a+3b)(x-y) 16) Ger 1G TD) 77 78 (5) (a+2x)(a+b) (7) (243) (4? +2) (8) (2x+3)(2?-2) (6) (a+2x)(a-6) (9) (r= 2) (2? +1) Q0) (x+1)(x+2)(4-2) (7) (2x-a)(a+6) (yy (y+1) (441) (8) (a—36)(2r+y) a2) (y+1l)(y-1)(z? +1) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT 37| 79-80 79 80 QQ) (x-y)(x-1) Cd) x(ar-2y)(3x-2y) (2) (-2)?2 (1x) (2) 2(a—26)(x—-2y) (3) (y#1)(241) (3) -2x(a-38y)(x-2y)(a4-y) 4) (ytzd(x? ty) 79 80 (5) a(4-2)(2? +1) () (r-y)(a-y-1) (6) (yt l)(rt+y)(r-y) (5) 2(y-2)(rt2z) (7) (y=) (4-1) (6) 3(2—3x*7)(14+2y) (8) (x-2)?(x+2) @ (gt Dy-DirtDlz-1) NOTE: EQUIVALENT ANSWERS SHOULD BE MARKED CORRECT —38—181-82 81 82 ee (1) [2 (6) 3 (1) 25 (6) 121 (2) 64 (7) 144 (2) 4 (7) 5 (3) 81 (8) 169 9 ) Fe (9) 196 (3) 6 (8) 7 (5) 0.04 (10) 225 on (1) [2 =Z (4) 8 (9) 9 (2) [3 =3 (3) [6] [6 1 (10) 10 81 82 7] [=7] 3 wy) 2 (4) [7 i an |-+ ap ll (22) 5 a2) 12 (23) ee cs) [8] [8] ay J£) 4 7 7 7 (13) 13 (24) 8 (2) = 6) [9] [-9 (a3) 3 -4 we Wl a5) 15 26) 9 (7) [10 = 10} | (14) |—0.3 (16) 16 (77) 0.3 an 17 (23) 0.6 = 5) [oa] [= (8) [IL 11} | 5) | 0.4 0.4 as) 18 (29) 0.7 (9) [22] [£12] ce [or] [=a] |°° 8 mol (20) 20 (BD 11 (10) [13 713 (a) 0 (32) 1.2 —39—183-85 83 84 85 ay 10 (02 wt ay 22 (2) 11 ao) 0.6 (2) + (2) 23 (3) 12 ap 0. 1 (3) 31 (3) 2 «4) 20 ay 0.7 ; (4) 32 a 2 (5) 21 a3) 0.8 (5) 51 7 (5) +> (6) 25 (a4 Ll i (6) 55 6 (1) 28 as) 1.2 (8 33 m 2 (8) 30 a6) 1.3 +t (8) 3 83 84 85 an 4 (8) 40 (9) 13 3B 08) () 50 a0) 15 5 on 1 qo) 45 ap 1.7 (20) Tr wo 45 ay 07 ay 35 (22) 14 2) 0.0[3 (13) 0.07 (23) 20 (3) 0.05 an 0.00[8 (Ay 42 oo 6 a 0.16 125) 0.009 12 5) 90 a6) 0.012 —40—| 86-88 86 87 88 ee © 0] oo|B 1) ¥2]>]l4 V2[<]15 @ [2.3 ® [2.8] [2.9 2.8 | | 2.9 (2) ¥3[>]1.7 ® [2.23 2.8 Y3{< V3 1.8 223 (3) ¥5|> 21 V5 [> ]2.2 (4) V6] >/2.4 V6/<|2.5 86 88 Oo @ © B) a) [14]<[¥2]<] 1.5 ® [3.8] [3.9 ® [1.73] [1.74 8 |e (2) | 1.7 ]<]¥3 |<] 18 173 35 (3) @ [3] [4 (3) ® [5] [6 (3) [45 ]<(2.24]<[2.25 ® 1] 2 @ [54] [55 ® [3.16 | [3.17 54} [55 3.16 5.4 (4) [2.63] <]2.64]<} 47 —a1—| 89-90 Fe o [ells s b o w]e |e [eo S : iS e [S)[e) |= so tla ae [allo © 4 a faa allo °c Belle co feo [eo = alsl=][s][e - io o fla S ©]|~ [ele] fe =o lo BIR RISE So slo Oo Pe jo of[e o o ~ = ~~ alla [ala 12] [Lo =} he a [all ae n ~|[+ a Sei =] [=] 2 = 8 a3 3 [Al[p Hes 2B Ha SS ts Blo ole & ma B [PIS Saye wee © |e [es] es we |S o ole ally IK fale] 19 | 90 unl] 2 || o> i «© fols|[-][— a aa [op] . _ = alla Sle slo ~ i] we [a] o all>] [= 7” afala nN -3 = 3 23 ow = 22 —a—191-93 91 92 93 OH a) [3|¥2 GQ) 2y [15 (i) [4 (2) NT (2) 9 — 08 [Be (2) 2NI (3) 8 (4) 242 (5) 2V5 () 8 : (3) 643 (6) 345 om — (1) 2473 a) 410 @ at (8) 5V2 Dt 2) 415 $2) alo () 347 ao) 2v11 (5) 2930, 92 93 ay 443 fas 74D |e) sve (2) 402 a9) 3411 ' (7) 743 a3) 642 | 0) 2V10 (6) : (a 2477 (1) V6 | (8) 942 (5) 5Y3 | (22) 3410 i (9) 8v3 6) 2419 | 03) 46 an 445 | (0) 4V15-194-96 94 95 96 a) 2x38 a a) [5] [3] 12/[35 (1) [3] [5] 15 (2) 4421 (2) 25 x3 (2) [7] [14 (3) 1216 (3) 39x2 U1) 4N65° (3) 15475 3] [5] 18 () 3 (4) 29 x7 ° (6) 12 (4) 30 (5) 28 (7) 30 (6) 2° x5? (5) Bay Td (8) 24 94 95 (7) 23 «3x5 BE () [2], ¥L 30 _ ao) 3V11 (8) 27 ay 5x3 (9) 3'x2 (2) 1242 (2) 307 (10) 253 (3) 5Y7 aya on sit seed on at a We (5) [3] 9 (12) 3° x5? = (4) 1543 (6) 1042, 13) 2" x 3° a7) 1043) (4) 24x72 (5) 5V42° as) 645° —44—197-100 97 98 99 100 (1) {6} 12 (1) [2] [3] 12 (1) [2] 3] [5}¥3 ] cy [14] [3 15]V5 (2) 6 (2) [3] [2)43 (2) 2 (2) 347 20 (3) 3V3 (3) 813 () ave (4) 4415° (3) 24 (3) -V2 (8) 345° (5) 4V6 — — (6) ¥7 oe (4) 1592 (4) 3V5 ey ae (6) 4v7 (1) YD (1) 8Y3 (5) 10¥6 (8) -2V7 (3) -116 97 98 100 (8) 2130 (6) 16430 (6) 14¥2 (9) SVG _ (7) 30 fay ba2 (ade ao) 615 a2) 43 a3) 45 ay) avs (8) 4470 (8) -815° aa) 0 a2) 1243 as) 5543) (9) 6043 ie <5 (9) -815 a3) 1842 a7) -7V410 (4) 42 a0) 6042, as) 0 a0) -6V6 45 —1101-103 101 102 103 0 +4/[6) eu Tm, I ™ i CD) B+y i+ [Ol+y [6] | > [2] [9]- 24/44 = (2) +447 (2) V6 4013 (2) NS +d21 +2407 (3) 7-443, (3) [20] 2v3 +245 (3) W640 —iB ve |) 244815 (5) 49-1245. (4) 8V5 +3V6 6 5D (4) VTE B16 +512 | 66) 294 1905 _ 7) [2] [8]+[4]v3 (5) 644016) (3) [BW 2+V15 (8) 24-1243, (6) 4416 (6) 6¥3+6+3V2 +46 | (9) 85-6012 101 102 103 (1) NB +2 au oo a) [5] 9} -4 (1) 19+|7}47 (8) 6V2-6 4 @) -5-v7 (9) 342-345. (3) 6 (3) 54343) Co) 94.43 @) -1 1413) (5) 3 (5) 2941015" Gy) 24342 . ° (6) 1 (6) 29-1045. a2) -3 (1) 37 (1) =244746 = (a) 5Y2 +15" (8) 10 (8) 36-1316 cu) 42-6 (9) 13 (9) 2-240 —46—104 105 106 oo a) [1] 3¥3 -276 a) 45 (1) [17+] 4 [v5 (2) -5-A7 (2) 3045 +1215 (2) [6] [4] 2 (3) 37-645 (3) 7110-20 (3) 5 4) -544N3 (4) 1716 +2418 « [2] 2 (5) 33-2435. (6) 43-181 10° (5) 342 104 105 106 oo (5) 16 (6) t qd) ms (2) 28-42 5) 7 (6) 76 cs) [8] [4] 6 (3) 2641643 (9) [120] 16 (7) 34212-1316 _ Qo) 542 (4) 104843 ay [18 46 (8) -1442 443° , (5) 54445 1 (a2) [10) > (6) 66-1745" () 22 a3) 21107-110 107 108 109 110 ay og joey gee. 5 (1) 12 3 2 avs QS ca) (2) WB (2) INE @) aie. a) 542. ; 516 (3) [3 a (3) V2 (3) a) WS a) 483 ay 25 (5) [2] 242 18 3 10 (6) 245 is) (5) 3 10 3 107 108 109 110 am 2) 8 (6) 46 (6) 346 on 3 6 2 () 6 (8) ¥2 NS rz 1) 43 (9) 243 a oe 6 (10) 16 a 2) 1243 ap =5 (8) [4 oH (8) ie a2) V5. 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