Applied Multiple Regression/ Correlation AnallySis tor the Behavioral Slei (=) eet eee eeApplied Multiple Regression/Corrclation Analysis for the Behavioral Seiences Third Edition JacabCaben (deceased) New York Bd erally Patricia Coben New Fork State Boyckrtnie institute anal Cuturobia Dnioersity College of Physiciens anil Sargeuns Stephen G. West ie Uivesity Leona 8. Aiken: Avizona State Uetversity TEA, Law Rance ERLRAUM ASSOCLATES, PUBLISHERS OI Mahurah, Now Jeney LintonSone tin fades Bian (kr Atourer fsn Maaet Casa ie ake Voge Lay ack Padi Hanger ad adm Fae te Cerna HGH Keats Se fe bet ersten re a Tees Ihe a te ere pe Utes Bal Minden. Cogan any Lane line tte Aen pa ol a ede bpd ln neal ste lakes af vag Candas Pal Appel ale evepersine rm Seed oh Appt orb reprb seh wae ehh eee le onc pa ecm pl a ako Basaran basin ak peel {LRgptes waren Cerin Soren 3 Saal omc Fata cae Le ar, se Appi me errnaoeverlat snarls Fr te beam sie ene et ta ri eLetter te el sare Neck pied by Leas Tossa Amir ot pe on we se pape ant bags echo sop cay eat ns an sub carnContents Preface Chapter Introduction a 13 as Muhiple MeppesseaiCeereLattr as Cera Dude adhe Syitern Li Deere Tester Elspeeneses ning Mili BagyessienCarrelatiae: Sere Preis 11 Malupde egeescenacuerelathen i revieties ieeion ACargariae of Molthie Rogression Carrebiion vtd Ana yelsal Yiraree Approaches 51 Maton Boer Set Hepes Testont end ier Ses Muhagle ReypessioaTueselatha and the Ceanpbesdy oc Melareinal Sete E82 Malighety uToddwesecy S32 Conrelatan mong esearch Fates asa Parag 281_—_Form of Iieaation a 1€ Reber raland Cndatses! ‘Geentatinn afi Banks ft Masiatheraaticat tukd Aged bad DanasAnabtis Dik —_lnfeverace egies asl Sedat Es Comparten, be Covaparce asd Mecwcrkal Mevalls fsa Compuiatie, 252 Namerea Hewaks: eperttug seid essai, 1 Sagntfestew Tonle Canfidenoe inser, ad apgaeils Liles he Spectrum of lebanon ere “Pla fe the ane AF Coenere ‘urvetere: utabering of Sete, Tae, an Fiputions Chapter 2: Bivarkite Correlation and Regression a a 3 Tibslar and Graphic ltepresrnations ef Baiaitaesbips Ihe indesof Lincar rere hetwoen fa Yaruatiea: the Paamicn Produc Riemer Correo Caen 25 _Mantand somes stubing Uns Comparante 2551_The Poaloct Magner Correa ora Fupetba of PMereaes Besesnce «Sees lve: Foes fo he Pandocl Meer Cereal Costicet 252 cane Avera: Prleed oc Sane 232 Raw Saume Surry fies28) Paarl Bisexial + 254 MRLIGL Coetticeen 283 RarikCoerclates Regrcasion Conffisiensi: Esinastina ¥ Freee 3° Repnemeen liveed the Mien he ansdard Error oe state ond Measures of the Hrength of Aasacken Sererery of Oetlniees one Interpretainen, Shnetkal Ivevene Wr Ragrestiogarat Correlrion Coe tctenrs 251 Asseinpfinns neering Surierand Itererae MND By. By, 252 Estieuton Wah Confalence latervals 25) Nall Bypollin Spuidicuae Test (NHS 254 Covfileear Less ned Null Hyyeodiran Speificamce Testing Presonen anel Firwer 2.01 Paves of Estinestnet 20.2 lamer af Rail HypethosteSypatinenre Leste 2 Fare aera te Few rf 240d Ine Diba Xan 21n2 The Retisy of tte Yorihies 213 Hesiriation of Saage fine Rant Whale Cusnchtions ana Ratiour index Variibies 2108 Curvilane Biathosabips ib Senmey Chapters: Multiple Regression‘Correlation With Two or More Independent, Variables 22 Teo adurton Rearession anal Cansal Mantels aun What bse Canc? 1.2 _Plagvarseante: Rasen tats of Caan Moadch at Regrauan Wik Twe bndepeedent Voces 2 Mivotseanf Awarkeon Wick Tw indapeidoat Ver tle aa Maltgle Rend 1k) Semdgatial Geerelton Confined bncrenment 2A) Farthl Terebsenn Coenen Ai Pumnesnsof Arsactation Between Vand Tw Indeperedent Variables Qi Ditest ata Incest Eifsts 342 Paitad Reduinleansy 243 Suspieasion is Regreaiioe Model) 344 Spurious facts and Eni; inno Hoots a ReyrossemCerselaten With kladezeedent Vertis 381 Inindecteer: Coerpenizats of the [rdeten Bgscee 151 Partial Rezreesire Cretfiserre sd Rand Sleuaken Vai srand a 435 prand pt ke Bearyple of intergrstation.eftureal Crefhsteris 14 Salita nierence WES independent Vorsbles Dis) Sandan Frvary and Gartizernce Ineervuls for aneoy 2.1.) 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Chrtanmes tn a Soorpie Saefenet™ {Whar dire the Reciprocal EBiects of Tero Yarlables om One Anotiver deni Ayia Vokes os Mukiple Regrssinn ove ebvtin ‘Causal Pretty and the Renaceul of Coatounding Variables 31 Beaeseuatios af Mersslies Hiccarchical Seyustars of Taulepeeaderd Vartibie Sele Se Stapratr Regret The aalpen of Set0cf iadeseadert Yiewbien Sat types af oe 54.1 the Sievehaneerss and (ernest Anabyses of Sets 544) Varkanece Proporthas toe Sets acd the Hallantine “gab S44 Band Cuettetmate toe wantin Wabi Sete Sigurteace Testing tie Sen: 551 Agplicution wx Mievaselse Ana yt 2511 Agplbalicn bx Sasullareces Armbsis 351 Using Conapuras Cuipel te Dicterauan: Sinintioad Sigg uficnance 524 Ae Aleraltee Tests Using: Mendel 2 Err Estate Froen tbe Fetal Niodel YerasesZurshrats far Se Sa) amwreraring ot Sortne eat ee ffl wth Modal Ue Riad 2 freer ant Eotinuteng the Population aValies Su) Setting Pees far as Mercoedene erent ec 2 Susi Mawer ana lanctizn of a Sas Tanti af Power Analysk “HoNWna Inderence stranegy an eelnypl® agreestee Coereatioe 57) Conntrofting and Pevlencteg Type Vared Type I Foren bs tafererce 55.2 Les Is More SES Let a Let Adaptation of Faler’s Protected Feat ers: Quantitative Seales, Curvilinear Relationships, and ‘Transformations Tetendactin Si What Die We Mean by Linear Regroision? ute Lavcarity ender Vormldesaral Linear Maltgie Biggresion ul) Pour Approaches to Exaranning Nonitsrar Delutkoudize n Melitic Regression, Pree Febyworvels S.21__Method 623 An to eaitretie 2) Centering fresienare in Poiyreraud iene S24 Rebitionship ef eet af Sgniticanee at Highest Geeer Caeticient ane Gain tn Freeing“7 =a lentenpreting Folyremnal Reyeessaon Ress ‘220 sausher Energi A CuIE 827 Story arad Lerafations 521 Mare Coraples Rqastions ‘Cetleygasl retyrarrab G1 They Cable Exarephe IRevtatied SRE Usespeal mara range Intervals A) Agpiconions ae Duesussioey oobi Transtteraatbens oat ‘eat Thee Cinroepiual Bests of usstinetealioss and Model Choching Before ad ‘Mer Tussietnaticn Su hanya Ind an Tharafora aka Liggarticrs send Enpascrnas Atv asl [ropaathsaal Icabets is St Lineariany Hekrinnchys S45 Linewrtang Helvannshy leaee cn Strong Theaeetica Model Lineartsing Rebeioechys Bowed on You Taesereal Mesto Sa) Gnrpirkally Dejven Transiocreailons fr the Absence af Siren or Weak Models S40 Gparkalty Deyasa Trantor aiken Sor Linea teak the Ladster of Rewepressinn amd Buukens Hue S41 Elypirvally Delve: Trussfoe mathos Sor Linens iuathes inthe Absesar of Mantels Bea Con Fuels ‘sf Payer Tranmfieteations at ¥ 428 _Empirnaly Detvon Traseae mation Sor Lincwetathon ay tke Abner of Mllels Biss Tide Forrnly of Power Trarssisrratiora een S411 _Lineartntion of KekMenakips Wien Careebiions: Haber 2Imaiéare of © 34.12 Tramefonronnn That Lireart Ralalioehipa for Cremts and Prepersants a \arlwnes Seabrbirng Iransiemnacicns and Alweraciers fe Theatre of Hetero dontety 54.4 Thamsfennuions 69 Merralbe Varahles ‘S413 Dlgneeties Foskoarng Tarstennacion ak Messing anal Comtaiag: Saale oki? Sevsad ede: Fulpmoesil Nestrcsicl Esastpk Revisitod ‘SADE Whew to Teaseiurns sed th bname of Tretoietsatboe ertbranes Keareason, exaparenciri: Regreason serene Chapter ?: Interactions Among Comtinuvus Variables ry ne dateoducton 71 liersctinas Messas Asddmine tits -t— Cenedtannal FeveGrder Elita Eaguainns Contanung nterntnms “Cerucing Prodictucn atl he Ialerpretaton of Rearcasion Cocfciets i Enpuatines Cnlalaag ‘ateratioes 1 fegreann ath Camere 722 Hebaionhty tetwern tege 21. Centered Raguariens With Mo Snteracthoe 2 t__Ltseetia Veepus Monessently Muniolarcorty Ceuncred Eamon its Th: Highest Odes latcraction ia he Ceetered Yeasas Ueccetceed Equation Dia Mat Crater Y ‘A Mierseerneralatien Sor Censcsiag centered ond Crmterea etersa gE 12 Imerpeeting Biteraetions in Koulepde Regrecskea ane Analyst of Yarkwnee Post oe Problig of lterntions Stusrdand Eston a Sane Eqsetion Deptiboanc of Skugde Saoyes ern The Stesnderd Eerues 43 Teatul Seprafcatnr of Serpe Shore Cinfalenc Internala Anairal Seple Slopes ANemertel Beetle The Liecerrersel eppesnion Eqqarine lentes retaonder Confiretticin Pqtwon Wahoer ard Wah trteracth Inerpretatin octal the Wage or Duna tarefordleel Catiaales (oe Fqastines Comsiabalng Titer aan Ietesumons as Pacthied Difects Buiuting Regression Eguicires Wil intersctinas Fugecinof Fus-Ckdes aad Unneractive ETet fra Thier Thewetially ileunin gal Famers of Fustofedkes andl Tateraction Tfoots 77.2__Cialnna Visas Piwodnal frecanae Tees Presleazr Inerearcnre: mi fleliqie Buygresten, ‘Careiineerby Linear Interests LI) Iriveareas Arenas af Variables nea iona Heliablity, Uyeeimmor [trations ede Specticsthey 4 Yarlable Relatitey aad Power toTietert Iterations 2 Sampling Designs w Echarer Power to Detect interactions —Dyxinnal Piesizn 4 Doltiouhy in Pesngsishing laieritioes Yersis Carvilancar Fife ey Chapter & — Categorical or Nominal Ludependent Variables aL a2 (Lt Catege tesa a sett indepencent Wurutine Shot The Hepresenathnn of Cetepoeies or Novrinal Seabee Dera ¥anlae Cong aa Conan thee Grea 322 Pearson Carvelasos ef Crumeny Varibles Walt 52 Creatas aawoag Durseay Cider! Warley se Bialigde Correlate of ae Deanery Mareile See Wek ¥ S25 fagremem Cacfieants fer bursiy varuths 8.26 PartiaLard Serepartial Correlatizas foe Cieeny Wirabies 9.22) Wareay-varlabde Rlabtls irypeseiaa-Cerelaies wad Uae tay Araya arian 428 A Couitlonary Note: Dsmeng arable-Libe Collage psiems 4 oe ‘When Giron Ace Mot sc eigted Fees Caving: 52 Inrodectien Dawceighted ea Weighed Erfees Coing 882 Cinntrecdiag Unwemfiied Eilers Cale ASD The Man the raster Unwekgnied Dilber Catesrey 32:41 Confslanon ater foe Sin3 Coufal seve Sater foe Bienes Bsteere edepetsde 5.44 Etatsial Tats on Maligde ord Partial Cae Btenin ‘Slathteal Proeiaserd Per Analye 5.1 Irerrlertte: Resaarr Cotbed the Nell ty petheic 4sat__THr: Prev nd Puerco Vereen wd Power usalj fee Bart Coe Miicats Lntug butte Repyesren Equation wn Pred 3d Predatien of Vir a ew Olveratin aay Vid Mulikeline arty Seerenacy Chapter 4: Data Visualization, Exploration, and Assi Chestring: Diagnosing and Salving Regresskon Problems | rtsegursen ‘Seras Use Craplucal Cnaglaye af tne Greptnal Ca 42) Unbeartste Mepleys id Wheartnie pha St Correlations od Seotseiplat Mattines -Assuraptiogs end Ceinacy Lowt Squaces Repression 3.1 Assumptions Underlying Multi: Linear Biygesshos hr Ghilanary Least Saquares Euissatioa Exsanttag Vaoatnnts of Aamuasrotants S41 Presta the Reberashop S42 Lineal indeparaddent Vari “441 Nheaairernent fore 444 Mamamesaatiiey af Weskdeals Sh Manladeperdenee of Restos ae Mortality of Residuals sd Font of the Fc kisnnsage 95.2 feedesenr of 201 Relerast Independeist Yarabhs, 45:1 Mleasurernnt Erver te the Inde persden! Variables 44 Mansenlant Yortaat 455 Manindeperdence of! S14 Crenguresea cl fredeine Uky S.led__dhribetien ofa Practien ofthe 2 Relatiseabip-taa Third Variable S15 Whidhed Two Varahles scrim dar Mane of the XY Related