CONFIDENTIAL* 5 eG Section A (15 marks] Answer all questions. Indicate the correct answer on the ‘Multiple-choice Answer Sheet provided. 1 The changes in the the diagram below Vt °F at inthe langs during a breathing eyole ofa man are shown in Volume/ 6 lites i Timelminutes Which are true about the volume of air in the lungs of the man during the above vigorous exercise? I W decreases) Tl Xinereases | IMT ¥ decreases IV Zincreases A Landi Btadvh ——c tandi D tant 1% 2 Which are true about the guard cells ofa leaf?CONFIDENTIAL* 4 4 Which statement is true about the pressure-flow hypothesis? A B c D Sucrose is actively loaded into the phloem. ‘The movement of solute in phloem is bidirectional. ‘Water flows through xylem from the root tothe leaf, The movement of solute from one sieve element to another sieve element is via ative transport, ‘The sequence of events during muscle contraction is shown in the diagram below. asi Phase X What happens at phase ¥ during muscle contraction? A B ic D A B ic D ‘The power stroke occurs. The actomyosin cross-bridge is formed. ‘The myosin head hydrotyses the ATP molecule. ‘The new ATP molecule binds fo the myosin head. Which is not true about phytochromes, P, and P,? P, absorbs infrared light. : Pz is converted to P, at night. me P, is converted to P,, during the day. i P,, promotes flowering in long-day plants. — ich hormonal condition initiates the process of parturition in humans?‘CONFIDENTIAL 4 cn in the mnie regulators are gi table belo BFO™th regulators and the functions ofthe plant growth regulator Growth regutavor Function 1 Auxi 7 Prone ating tg? ey HL Cytokinin | Inhibits the growth of lateral buds in plants ‘Which plant growth regulators correspond comet to its function? ee on Aero R dG o Ro Bi He 9 Which is true about seed germination? A. Requires abscisic acid B_ Obtains energy from endosperm Requires water, oxygen and light = D Requires imbibition to breaks the aleurone layer “ 10 Which organism exhibits an isometric growth? A. Frog B Humans © Butterfly D_ Grasshopper * 11 Which are the excretory products of humans? 1 Urea Il Faeces: I Mucous IV. Bilirubin A Jand IIL B landlVv © Wand it D Mand iv 12. Which is true about aldosterone in osmoregulation? ‘A. Water reabsorption decreases B_ Aquaporins channels increase Sodium reabsorption increases D__ Blood volume and blood pressure decrease 9 STPM 2021 - 96472007). cipeNTIAL unl the examination yg, This question paper is CoeCONFIDENTIAL* d 13 An antibody-antigen reaction is shown in the diagram below. Antibody Virus Which are true about the above reaction? 1 Anneutralisation reaction II_Acomplement fixation reaction IIL The virus is inhibited from binding to the host cell IV. The virus causes the infected cell swells and lyses A Land Il B TandIVv © Wand mr D and IV 14 After a week, the recipient’s body starts to reject the transplanted skin. What causes the rejection of the skin? A. Themastcells ofthe grafttissues release histamines and chemicals that cause inflammation. B_ The epitopes of the graft tissue cause the autoimmune disease in the recipient's body. © The MHC molecules on the graf tissue ae foreign to the recipient’s body. 1D. The graft tissue fails to respond to the immunosuppressant. 15 Malaria can be found in tropical and subtropical regions. Which parasite corresponds correctly {0 its vector and symptoms? Parasite Yector ‘Symptoms A | Plasmodium vivax Aedes sp. Skin rash, haemorrhagic fever | B. | Plasmodium faleiparum | Aedes sp. Shivering, high fever x cc | Plasmodium vivax Anopheles sp] Skin rash, haemorrhagic fever D | Plasmodium falciparum | Anopheles sps\| Shivering, high fever J STPM 2021 - 964/2(U2) j * This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over. CONFIDENTIAL*8 ur + Mekanisme tindakan hormon buk; sajah di bawah, Hormon S. Pron GDP Grp R ATP } Protein kinase A Gera bala sel (a) Namakan P, Q, dan R, B) ROPE. PEOEMN ccna (b) Nyatakan fungsi bagi Q. ia) (c) Jelaskan fungsi bagi R real (d) Mengapakah hormon § tidak boleh merentasi membran plasma sel sasaran? io)CONFIDENTIAL* 16 Section C [30 marks] Answer two questions only. Ps You may answer all the questions, but only the first two answers will be marked. Write the nswers on the answer sheets provided. Begin each answer on a new page of the answer sheet. (@) Deseribe the action of the lymphatic system when the microorganisms invade the body. 6) () The narrowing of the lumen could lead to the damage of artery. How is the damage possible? Explain your answer. [10] 19 (a) Describe the roles of B cells and T cells in immune system of humans. [3] (7) (b) Describe the process of immune deficiency in an individual infected by HIV. @) (a) What are meant by infection, infectious agent and infectious disease? Give one example (6) for each term. es a E a age (b) Explain the transmission mechanism of tuberculosis. x ow (9) TH yh a a Ty <