Reactive power compensation The regulation and control of reactive power to improve performance of alternating current or AC is referred to as Reactive Power Compensation Services and Study. Reactive power compensation is often linked to load and voltage support issues. The goals of load support are to improve voltage regulation, balance the actual authority drawn from the alternating available stock, and eliminate harmonic current components produced by large & fluctuating nonlinear manufacturing loads. To reduce voltage fluctuation at a power transmission terminal, voltage support is usually required. Reactive power compensation in transmission networks improves the ac system's stability by increasing the maximum power factor that can be transmitted. Because reactive power has a greater capacity than is required, it's best to only use it when it's needed. If the reactive electricity is generated by a power plant, the distribution system's equipment must also be aligned with it. Electric power systems cannot function without reactive power. Rotation in rotating machines cannot begin without reactive power, & active power cannot be transferred through transmission lines without reactive power. The ability to control or compensate for reactive power has numerous advantages. To achieve voltage control, positive and/or negative VArs are added and injected into the power grid during the power factor correction process Electricity is produced, transmitted, distributed, or used as alternating current, with a few exceptions (AC). There are, however, some drawbacks. The requirement for power flow, which must be supplied in addition to current power, is one of them. It's possible to be either a leader or a follower. While active power contributes to the total energy consumed as. well as transmitted, reactive power has no such contribution. Reactance is a component of the system's total power. Reactive Power Compensation Services Are Required: The current generates heat energy in resistive loads, which results in the expected outcome, whereas the current generates a magnetic field ininductive loads, which results in the desired work. As a result, reactive power is the non-working power produced by magnetic current in order for the device to operate and maintain magnetism. The voltage must be kept high enough to deliver power factor (watts) via transmission lines, so reactive power (vars) is required. The voltage drops when there is insufficient reactance, making it impossible to produce the necessary power to the load via the lines. The alternating current power source's reactive power is stored ina capacitor or reactor for a quarter of a loop before being returned to the source of power in the next quarter. As a result, the reactive power between the alternating source and the capacitor or reactor oscillates at twice this same rated frequency (50 or 60 Hz). It must be compensated to avoid circulation between both the load and the source. In order to regulate the power quality and maintain voltage stability, reactive power must also be recompensed. Reactive Power Compensation Services & studies are used to accomplish this. Reactive Power Compensation Services Can Be Provided in a Variety of Ways: Power factor correction services are provided in one of three ways. They are as follows: Shunt compensation: Resistive element reactors are used to reduce line voltage spikes by consuming reactive power, whereas reactive power is compensated on power lines by using shunt-connected capacitors to maintain voltage levels. A shunt compensator is always connected in parallel with the transmission line and is always connected in the transmission line's centre. It can be powered by a capacitor, a current or voltage source, or both. An ideal shunt compensator provides the system's reactive power. Series compensation: To reduce voltage drop over long distances and the Ferranti effect, a series compensator line is used to reduce the transmission's reactive impedance. It is connected in series to the transmission line. At any point along the line, a series compensator can be attached. There are two different modes of operation: capacitive andinductive. The magnitudes of the voltages on the two buses are assumed to be equal, and their phase angle is. Static VAR compensators (or SVCs) are electronic device used in transmission networks to provide reactive power. Static compensators do not show any action in the system parts, as the name implies. The SVC is an automatic vehicle impedance matching device that aims to bring the system's power factor closer to unity. The SVC will use nuclear plants (typically implemented in the form of transformer reactor designs) to imbibe variables from the system, reducing system voltage, if the response was recorded of the power grid is capacitive (leading). The capacitor banks are automatically turned on when the reactive load is inductive (lagging), leading to a higher system voltage. Capacitors are the most popular and commonly used solution for pF correction in Reactive Power Compensation Studies around the world, and the following power factor correction types are used depending on where the capacitor is located. Correction of the Distributed Power Factor: In this type of power factor correction, power systems are directly connected to the gateway of the load that requires reactive power. This type of setup is both cost-effective and simple. The overcurrent protection device can be used by both the capacitor bank and the load. As a result, it can be connected and disconnected at the same time. For large loads that will be connected to the scheme for an extended period of time, this type of power factor correction is recommended. Distributed power factor correction is commonly used in induction motors and fluorescent lamps. Correction of the Group Power Factor: For loads that perform similarly, this method is commonly used. A popular capacitor bank is provided to improve the power factor. You can use a common capacitive load for voltage control if you have three similar electric motor that are used for the same purpose. This method is also expense, but it should only be used for light loads. Not all loads are active throughout the day in some systems, requiring centralized power factor correction. For a limited time, only a few loads arestarted. In such cases, distributed power factor correction is not a viable option. As a result, it is preferable to use centralized power factor correction. Where the capacitor banks are located at the origin or center of the system. This results in a significant reduction in total power of the capacitors installed. Because keeping the capacitor banks completely connected to the system is not a good idea, they must be equipped with an active switch. Combined Power Factor Correction is a hybrid of two methods: distributed generation factor correction & centralized power factor correction, as the name implies. This method employs distributed power factor correction for large loads that run continuously. To improve the power factor of small equipment, a centralised power conversion method is also used. Power Factor Correction (PFC) is a feature that automatically corrects the power factor The majority of systems do not absorb reactive power consistently due to the obvious having to work cycle of the equipment. Automatic power factor adjustment systems are installed in these facilities. Different capacitor banks can thus be turned on and off as needed. These APFC panels, or power - factor control panels, are widely used. For more than two decades, SASPPL has been providing unbiased Reactive Power Compensation Service and Study. In fact, it has collaborated with the Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company Limited (MSEDCL) to help them understand the impact of overcorrection in their system following the implementation of kVAh billing in Maharashtra. SASPPL also played a key role in presenting the findings to the Maharashtra Electricity Regulatory Commission (MERC), as evidenced by the MREC Tariff petition order of 2018.