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FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Roll Number
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION-2023
FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN BS-17
UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
POLITICAL SCIENCE, PAPER-I
TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

PART-I(MCQS): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES PART-II MAXIMUM MARKS = 80
NOTE: (i) Part-II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II, by selecting TWO questions from EACH
SECTION. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different
places.
(iv) Write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must
be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the question will not be considered.
PART-II
SECTION-A
Q. No. 2. Explain Bentham`s greatest happiness of the greatest number. (20)
Q. No. 3. What are Al-Ghazali`s pre-requisites for becoming a Khalifa? (20)
Q. No. 4. Expound Iqbal`s vision for rise of Muslims in South Asia in the era of colonialism. (20)
Q. No. 5. Write short notes on the following (10 each) (20)

(a) Existentialism is humanism
(b) Cogito, ergo sum (I think, therefore I am)
SECTION-B
Q. No. 6. Rights and duties are two facets of the same coin. Elaborate. (20)
Q. No. 7. In an Islamic state, Islam is considered a complete code of life, which provides (20)
guidelines for proper management of political power. Elaborate.
Q. No. 8. What are salient features of a professional and apolitical bureaucracy? (20)
**********
POLITICAL SCIENCE, PAPER-II

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II by selecting ONE question from
SECTION-A and THREE questions from SECTION-B. ALL questions carry EQUAL
marks.
places.
(v) No Page/Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book
must be crossed.
PART-II
SECTION-A
Q. No. 2. The people of South Asia had suffered because of missed opportunities for (20)
regional development, connectivity, and cooperation. Evaluate the performance
of SAARC in the light of this statement.
Q. No. 3. “The military’s political role has undermined civilian institutions and the growth (20)
of democratic political culture”. Analyze civil military relations in Pakistan.
SECTION-B
Q. No. 4. WTO is a tool of developed countries to be used for exploitation of developing (20)
countries. Do you agree? Give arguments.
Q. No. 5. Pakistan China friendship is based on reciprocal developments. Analyze. (20)
Q. No. 6. Judicial activism is the natural corollary of poor governance in Pakistan. Do you (20)
agree?
Q. No. 7. What do you understand by the term “Start Up” and How Start Up culture can be (20)
developed in Pakistan?
Q. No. 8. Despite the enactment of 18th amendment in the constitution of Pakistan 1973, (20)
the question of political devolution is as yet largely unresolved. Discuss.
**********

places.
be crossed.
PART-II
SECTION-A
Q. No. 2. Discuss in detail the Plato’s concept of ‘justice.’ (20)
Q. No. 3. Compare and contrast the concepts of the ‘executive’ presented by the Muslim (20)
thinkers Al-Farabi, Al-Mawardi, and Shah Waliullah.
Q. No. 4. Illustrate Hobbesian concept of limited ‘right to revolution’. (20)
Q. No. 5. Describe in detail Karl Marx views on class, state and religion. (20)
SECTION-B
Q. No. 6. Write an essay on the development of modern nation-state. (20)
Q. No. 7. Discuss in detail the development of local-self governments in Pakistan. (20)
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on the following:- (10 each) (20)

(a) Islamic political ideology
(b) Forms of political culture
**********

marks.
places.
be crossed.
PART-II
SECTION-A
Q. No. 2. Define democratic peace. Highlight its basic norms and discuss how it played a vital (20)
role in the political-economic integration of European Union (EU).
Q. No. 3. Russian-Ukraine war has threatened regional political economic global integration. (20)
What policy options are available for IMF and WTO to address the new regional and
global challenges in the current scenario?
SECTION-B
Q. No. 4. What are the main determinants of Pakistan’s foreign policy? How current National (20)
Capacity has become major challenge before independent foreign policy of Pakistan.
Q. No. 5. In what circumstances might a democratic country turn to military dictatorship or (20)
totalitarian rule? Narrate it with case study.
Q. No. 6. After World War ll, nuclear race started in the world. How Nuclear Non- (20)
Proliferation Treaty (NPT) played a vital role towards a non-proliferation and what
more efforts are required to make South Asia a nuclear free zone.
Q. No. 7. What are the main characteristics of Chinese political system? How it differs from (20)
the communist political system of USSR.
Q. No. 8. Discuss the history of constitutional development in Pakistan since 1947. How 18th (20)
Amendment is taken as a revolutionary step towards provincial autonomy in
Pakistan?
**********

places.
be crossed.
PART-II
SECTION-A
Q. No. 2. What is the Aristotelian classification of state? (20)
Q. No. 3. What is the difference of between Rousseau’s notion of ‘the state of nature’ and that of (20)
Hobbes and Locke?
Q. No. 4. Ibn I Khaldun while acknowledging the external factors, emphasizes more on the (20)
internal systemic factors as decisive for the decline of states. Elaborate.
Q. No. 5. Explain the socio-political thought of Shah Waliullah which is greatly ingrained in his (20)
religio-philosophical thought.
SECTION-B
Q. No. 6. What are the political and legal constraints over the sovereignty of parliament in (20)
Pakistan?
Q. No. 7. The adoption of parliamentary system in Pakistan is the result of political experiences (20)
of Pakistanis in the past. Elaborate.
Q. No. 8. What is capitalism and what is its relation with democracy? (20)
**********

marks.
places.
be crossed.
PART-II
SECTION-A
Q. No. 2. Under the Unitary State System, how does the local government system work in the (20)
UK?
Q. No. 3. How does the system of Checks and Balances work in the US political system? (20)
Explain with examples.
SECTION-B
Q. No. 4. “A strong political system needs a very strong political economy.” Prove this (20)
statement by making a comparative and analytical answer with reference to China
and Malaysia.
Q. No. 5. Discuss the major issues of the constitutional making process in Pakistan in 1956, (20)
1962, and 1973.
Q. No. 6. What are the major obstacles to the process of national integration in contemporary (20)
Pakistan? Suggest remedies for success of the process.
Q. No. 7. Write down the major determinants of the foreign policy of Pakistan. (20)
Q. No. 8. Discuss the features of Turkish model of democracy keeping the distinguished (20)
position of the armed forces in Turkish politics.
**********

places.
be crossed.
PART-II
SECTION-A
Q. No. 2. Why monistic or absolute concept of sovereignty has been abandoned? Analyse legal (20)
concept of sovereignty.
Q. No. 3. Examine Montesquieu’s theory of separation of powers. Why has he been called (20)
“Aristotle” of eighteenth century? Discuss.
Q. No. 4. Critically analyze the Social Contract Theory of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau. (20)
Q. No. 5. Examine the view that the Hegelian spirit is nothing but evolution of human (20)
consciousness to the realization of political maturity for global human co-existence.
SECTION-B
Q. No. 6. Critically examine the basic principles of Fascism. (20)
Q. No. 7. Bring out clearly the difference between unitary and federal forms of government. (20)
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on the following:- (10 each) (20)

(a). Ibn-e-Khaldun’s concept of Asbiyah
(b). Marx’s theory of Class Struggle
**********

marks.
places.
be crossed.
PART-II
SECTION-A
Q. No. 2. Discuss the way in which globalization could promote regionalization as an (20)
adaptation.
Q. No. 3. Under the Unitary State System, how local government system works in UK? (20)
SECTION-B
Q. No. 4. Critically evaluate the role of Post-World War-II International Financial Regimes in (20)
the economic development of the less developed countries.
Q. No. 5. Critically evaluate the role of Military in Turkish Politics? (20)
Q. No. 6. Discuss the powers and functions of China’s National People’s Congress? (20)
Q. No. 7. Make a comparative analysis of the Constitution of 1956 and amended Constitution (20)
of Pakistan 1973?
Q. No. 8. In the Post World War-II period, what were the important patterns of the Balance of (20)
Power?
**********

places.
be crossed.
PART-II
SECTION-A
Q. No. 2. Examine the view that Hegelian spirit is nothing but evolution of human consciousness (20)
to the realization of political maturity for global human co-existence.
Q. No. 3. The growing judicial activism in Pakistan is clearly at the expanse of parliamentary (20)
sovereignty and supremacy. Critically analyze the statement.
Q. No. 4. Explain the concept of Nationality and distinguish between Nationality and (20)
Citizenship.
Q. No. 5. Globalization restrict the autonomy of the state, generates domestic social conflicts, (20)
and inequalities. Discuss the interactions between globalization and domestic politics.
SECTION-B
Q. No. 6. How far 18th amendments will transform the existing federal system in Pakistan? (20)
Q. No. 7. Fascism generally flourishes in countries with strong nationalism and weak (20)
democracies. Discuss the enabling conditions for fascism with reference to Germany
and Italy.
Q. No. 8. How far is it true to say that the origin of the state lies in force? Discuss critically the (20)
Theory of Force regarding the origin of state.
**********

SECTION-I and THREE questions from SECTION-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL
marks.
places.
be crossed.
PART – II
SECTION – I
Q. No. 2. How the system of Checks and Balances works in the US political system? Explain (20)
with examples.
Q. No. 3. How the party system in France is different to that in Germany? Discuss in detail. (20)
SECTION – II
Q. No. 4. Critically analyze the role of military in the Turkish politics. (20)
Q. No. 5. Iqbal is credited with creating the idea of Pakistan. Give your arguments. (20)
Q. No. 6. What factors contributed to the delay of constitution making process in the early years (20)
of Pakistan? Discuss in detail.
Q. No. 7. What are the major obstacles to the process of national integration in contemporary (20)
Pakistan? Suggest remedies for success of the process.
Q. No. 8. Write down the major determinants of the foreign policy of Pakistan. (20)
**********
FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
Roll Number

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II by selecting TWO questions from EACH
places.
(iv) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q.Paper.
be crossed.
(vi) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.
PART-II
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Critically analyze the salient features of Plato’s Republic. Do you think that some of its (20)
features are valid, even today?
Q. No. 3. What is the concept of State of Nature as given by Thomas Hobbes? Make its (20)
comparison with the Social Contract as presented by John Locke and Rousseau.
Q. No. 4. Write a detailed note on the concept of asbiah as given by Ibn-e-Khaldun. What is its (20)
significance in the progress and decline of nations?
Q. No. 5. Write a detailed essay on the principle of Ijtihad in Islam as given by Allama Iqbal. (20)
How it can be made possible in the modern age?
SECTION-II
Q. No. 6. What is significance of Local Government System in a country? Discuss the reasons of (20)
repeated failures of the efforts in Pakistan to establish a stable local government.
Q. No. 7. What is the significance of independent judiciary in a democratic republic? Do you (20)
think that without an independent judiciary a system of checks and balances can be
established in the government? Explain with appropriate examples.
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on any TWO of the following: (10 each) (20)
(a) Role of middle class in strengthening the democracy.
(b) Violation of parliamentary values and traditions in Pakistan
(c) Significance of religious harmony in a state.
*************
Roll Number

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II by selecting ONE Question from SECTON-I
and THREE Questions from SECTION-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
places.
be crossed.
PART-II
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Write the Composition, Powers and Position of the French National Assembly. (20)
Q. No. 3. Compare and Contest the powers of Indian President with the American president. (20)
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. Do you agree that Pakistan was achieved by “Jinnah” through the “constitutional (20)
democratic process for the sake of constitutional democracy”?
Q. No. 5. Logically prove that 18th amendment of 1973 Constitution is considered to be the new (20)
social contract for provincial autonomy among the Pakistani political parties.
Q. No. 6. To what extent global economic institutions are indispensable pieces of global (20)
governance?
Q. No. 7. Examine the importance of national interest for “peace and security” with special (20)
reference to geostrategic position for economic opportunities of Pakistan in the 21st
century.
Q. No. 8. Write comprehensive note on the following: (10 each) (20)

(a) Guardian Council of Iran.
(b) ECO
*************
Roll Number

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II by selecting at least TWO Questions from
EACH SECTION. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
places.
(iv) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in accordance with Q. No. in the Q. Paper.
be crossed.
PART-II
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Compare and contrast the different political philosophies of Hobbes and Locke. How (20)
are these philosophies implemented in present day political systems and policy
making?
Q. No. 3. According to Marx “the mode of production in material life determines the general (20)
character of social, political and spiritual process in life”. Elucidate.
Q. No. 4. Discuss the upward and downward development of state, rulers and ruled in the (20)
socio-political thought of Ibn Khaldun.
SECTION-II
Q. No. 5. What is the Islamic concept of state? Identify issues and challenges to the Islamic (20)
concept of state in the modern times.
Q. No. 6. What characteristic of society leads to adoption of federal form of government? How it (20)
can function successfully?
Q. No. 7. Compare and contrast the differing roles played by political parties and interest groups (20)
in making public policy?
Q. No. 8. What is Fascism and why is it considered to be the child of first half of 20th century (20)
events to place in Europe?
*************
Roll Number

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. Selecting ONE Question from SECTION-I
and THREE Questions from SECTION-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
places.
be crossed.
PART-II
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. To what extent is it true that the President of the United States is more powerful than (20)
the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (UK)? Justify your answer with
comparative analysis.
Q. No. 3. Discuss the basic norms of regional politico-economic integration and organizational (20)
structure of the European Union.
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. “A strong political system needs a very strong political economy.” Prove this statement (20)
by making a comparative and analytical answer with reference to China and Malaysia.
Q. No. 5. Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah were the genuine (20)
leaders who led the Muslim Nation towards success through their socio-political
visions in South Asia. Discuss their community services rendered for the Muslims of
the subcontinent.
Q. No. 6. Discuss the Major issues during the constitutional making process in Pakistan in 1956, (20)
1962 and 1973.
Q. No. 7. How far do you agree that the Political Parties and Interest Groups have established (20)
and demolished the political system of Pakistan? Critically analyze.
Q. No. 8. Write comprehensive notes on the following: (10 each) (20)

(a). Foreign policy making process in Pakistan.
(b). Global Civil Society
*************
Roll Number
POLITICAL SCIENCE PAPER-I

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II. Selecting atleast TWO Question from
EACH SECTION. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
places.
be crossed.
PART-II
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Give a critical analysis of Aristotle’s classification of Governments. (20)
Q. No. 3. Is it correct to say that Machiavelli was an apostle of Power Politics? (20)
Q. No. 4. Describe Al-Mawardi’s theory of Imamate. (20)
Q. No. 5. Write short notes on any TWO of the following: (10 each) (20)
(a) End of History
(b) Totalitarianism
(c) Women Empowerment
SECTION-II
Q. No. 6. “Democratic Political System can not function successfully without organized Political (20)
Parties.” Discuss.
Q. No. 7. Explain, ‘Confederation’. How it is different from Federation? (20)
Q. No. 8. Write short notes on the following: (10 each) (20)

(a) Civil society
(b) Public opinion
*************
Roll Number
POLITICAL SCIENCE PAPER-II

(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II by selecting ONE Question from
SECTION-I and THREE Questions from SECTION-II. ALL questions carry EQUAL
marks.
places.
be crossed.
PART-II
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Discuss the salient features of the judicial system in France. How does it differ from (20)
that of the Britain and Pakistan?
Q. No. 3. The Senate of the USA is the most powerful Upper House in the world. Can you justify (20)
this statement? Explain your answer with reference to the Upper Houses of India and
Pakistan.
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. Discuss the features of Turkish model of democracy keeping the distinguished position (20)
of the armed forces in the Turkish politics.
Q. No. 5. Explain the rise of Muslim nationalism in South Asia. What were its implications for (20)
the nationalist politics of Indian National Congress?
Q. No. 6. What are the issues and problems of federation in Pakistan? Discuss with reference to (20)
the US federation.
Q. No. 7. What are the political and administrative implications of the Eighteenth amendment to (20)
the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan?
Q. No. 8. Write detailed notes on the following: (10 each) (20)

(a) European Union
(b) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
*************

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FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Roll Number

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 2. Explain Bentham`s greatest happiness of the greatest number. (20)

Q. No. 3. What are Al-Ghazali`s pre-requisites for becoming a Khalifa? (20)

Q. No. 5. Write short notes on the following (10 each) (20)

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 5. Pakistan China friendship is based on reciprocal developments. Analyze. (20)

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 2. Discuss in detail the Plato’s concept of ‘justice.’ (20)

Q. No. 4. Illustrate Hobbesian concept of limited ‘right to revolution’. (20)

Q. No. 6. Write an essay on the development of modern nation-state. (20)

Q. No. 7. Discuss in detail the development of local-self governments in Pakistan. (20)

Q. No. 8. Write short notes on the following:- (10 each) (20)

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 2. What is the Aristotelian classification of state? (20)

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 6. Critically examine the basic principles of Fascism. (20)

Q. No. 8. Write short notes on the following:- (10 each) (20)

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 5. Critically evaluate the role of Military in Turkish Politics? (20)

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

POLITICAL SCIENCE, PAPER-II

POLITICAL SCIENCE, PAPER-I

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 8. Write comprehensive note on the following: (10 each) (20)

POLITICAL SCIENCE, PAPER-I

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

POLITICAL SCIENCE, PAPER-II

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 8. Write comprehensive notes on the following: (10 each) (20)

POLITICAL SCIENCE PAPER-I

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 4. Describe Al-Mawardi’s theory of Imamate. (20)

Q. No. 7. Explain, ‘Confederation’. How it is different from Federation? (20)

Q. No. 8. Write short notes on the following: (10 each) (20)

POLITICAL SCIENCE PAPER-II

TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS PART-I (MCQS) MAXIMUM MARKS = 20

Q. No. 8. Write detailed notes on the following: (10 each) (20)

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