MING MAP Chemical Reactions and Equations Chemical Change or Chemical Reaction | ‘These are the changes because of he alteration in chemical |composiion of me substance, These are reverse i nsture lin mast ofthe case) ‘chemical Equation Its the symbolic representation ofa chernical reaction, in which the raactartssymbsormula sre wan on the eft anc procul ‘symbol formula are witten cn the right These two are separated byan arom ‘Solonced Chemical Equations The reactions in which the total numer of atoms of each element are equal on beth sas of the equation are called babnced ‘cherical ecuations. ‘Steps involved in Balancing Chemical Equation by Mit ond Trial Method ‘Step! Write unbelanced equation and enclose he fermuzeinbrackels Stop Make lito elements present in unbslsncee or skeets| equation. ‘repli Batance, test, secord ana successive lorents ‘StepIV Checktieccrrectnessafqution. ‘Ste_pV Maka he equatian rere erator. '. Oxidation and Reduction Reactions Process which invahes aédizn of oxygen er reel of hyeragen or less of eectron fe ealee ovation. Reduction Ise reese of 8 Inte removal af oxygen oF adcibon of hysrogen or wan of tlecton, Redox Reactions In these reactions, cxidation an ‘cour sirutannousiy Oxidising Agent or Cxidontitisthe sutstancethatcauseaxdationct | ther substance and sel get reducee Reducing Agent or Reductant I's tho sutstarce that cause reduction of ther substance and ie get oxicize. Corrosion Its the process of ceteriaration of metal surlace by the action afar water ot cherie Roney iis Ihe process of stow axéation of 08 an tals present in the food materia ction process | Physical Change These are the changes in which physical broperis of substance lke state, colour ete, fre alee but is chemical compotion remit the same, These chara are reversible n nl, “L Combination Reactions In tse reactions, two or mete reactants react together to Eive 8 > Jsingleprocvet, 2. Decomposition Reactions Inthese rections, simpler proaucts. Thermal Decampesitin in thesereactions,hestisused tc ecomposethesubslance Heetralysisin nese actions, eloctetyisused ecomposethesubstance, Photolysis in thase reactors, thesubstance i deccmpased byusiogignt energy, ingle reactant breaks down ino two oF mer 3. isplocement Reactions In these restion, one element ispiaces th othr frm its st solute, ._ * Single Displacament Reactions In these reactions, am ve clement displaces the less reactive one fam Ws sat tution. ‘+ Double Bsplacement Reactions in these reactions, two ‘ferent ona in the reactant molec es ae cepisead by each other 4. Neutralisation Reactions Inthoseresctions zee nd bases raactto fore saad vate 6. Exathermic and Endothermic Reactions ._ Reactions accompanied by the evsution of hest ae cali ‘exothermic (eg fesptaion) wheteas the reactions occuring by ‘he abserpon of heat are cale0 endathoreie reaction fog photosynthesis)MIND MAP Acids, Bases and Salts Acids “They are the substances that have saur taste and tur blue timus ted According to Arthenias, these furnish H* fans in the Ssquecus soktion ‘Strong Acid “They fonise completely to furnish Hi e6 FSO, HCL te Weak Acid “They ionise only tity ta give lace (fen fg CH,COOH ete tw Dilute Rela Concentration of acid fs Concentrated Acid ‘Concentra | mis acid, the concontra fom of act's is, Properties of Acids 1. Reaction wth Wetls Mpc gar tees ice tte Sou Reacton vith ete! Csides. | Setpedce Aeotton with Corbonotes ea eh gun cartes Shh seminars Silation Alcs rete oy seein Sata Tretia conductance Tose eee 2 ‘concentration ~|rea tirnus blue, salts | ‘They are the products of hautralsaton reaction hhelween acids and teses| | paves ‘Common Salt : Sodium chloride Nis obtaines by the reaction of hhydrochlor: acid an sium hydtarige. is used in food andl for the synthesis f custaly portant pes || Chemicals tka NSOM, Heel foreingar rats along the cection of magnetic ‘Seton et magnate fitMING MAP Sources of Energy Provide adequate amount of energy in a convenient form over along, Period of ime. Non-renewable Sources of Energy Renewable Sources of Energy Energy sources that once depleted cane be egerarcted Scares of oneray wich are being roducor continous fet tel ete ane are exhaust 7 a ener. uaa nergy. eneay from Se ae. Conventional Sources ‘Wind Eneray ‘surees cf energy whieh ere vere possestoc ty the wind ‘Won conventional Sources {eamee em remains Solor ells Sim ene fom of kvl ays Bratsore plants ne ara ‘Wind Generatar—] intrreraye, se Want ete ‘Complete setup, Le. wind Thermal Power Plants turbine generating lect by Foes buen to produce heat sing ng ners, Nuclear Energy ‘Nuclear Fusion ergy ecules make steam Energy released by Tre octsin wen vi run the tatine to ander Fa Somberg the nicest -+|to nucle t Hah Benerte clot Peary ser win iow energy” | errs combine to + Usedtoreommercaipupose. | |_| Matha {erm 3 heney nucleus + Auber of wid ore Hydro Power Plont ected overs arg rea Powe lant which converts he ‘uclear Fission otra entay et iong water Blo-mass {epthermel | |The process in whieh the rao Fs yt wing ether toy Into elect. Waste matoa ol iveg things ern ey | | lus a racooche tom Waste mataael tng tings | | irnal eat of carth_| | ips ls str ele wen = Pts ano anit hamesec te gererate | Fombarde winicw energy Improvement in, ect reuvens, © rari 235, Technology Pant Products Fossil Fuels Natura fete sch 9 ca, Using convertors sources ef Burning woes in a iites nen ‘supply of exe, chareaal is nana piatlen Energy abana to the 3, Tiel Energy Cera esis! cue to diferance in saa ‘Animal Product Environmental Consequences jewels cue ishigh ond tow tes av dungiedcompasedin Comaungis ecompenedin, 1+ Gurning cls uk causes vaio | wove Egy Energy apc om song wns tio-me Biogas bume without |* Cut down of tous fom te rest | Qegn Thermal Energy Energy tained tom tha smate,tenes noresdue ana | |" aods to forest, erence between temowratues cf water a sla and ‘ty ere ae mane Grosntouce elect is resulting instobsl | EepiteMING MAP Our Environment Ecosystem Human impact on Environment [spec nt nj ces t t } Waste Substances lie “Types af Compares Food Chalo Ibe taro nO keysiem af osystom ua drome igs bene mob e apenas nisin: oe : Seaport oto _—— rate tow Blgdegradable 1 +0,—+0,00% Wateral ‘rill fore wpna ‘Subsloeces herons ete nea Reverie ste tortn nm om Fares mst | yes nt tte Energy Fow bys ‘ect tara + Ae oe a Biotic Components —— Garbage ren sy et ance ‘aiuewsaet {amass ima) thai “veptic evn. compe ‘Abiotic Compasents: Y coreyecnaten eta “Scongramr | [Repeal apnen sero | Screams esMING MAP Management of Natural Resources Inexhaustibie Natural Resource (Water) 7 Wa se recesy rae ‘Management of Water Reseurces sets verter ar gan Tanks Somer crue, stra sxereieos, Exhaustible Natural Resource Forests and Wide ] ‘rac otra de seh eee ‘Conservation of Forest and idle = ein te Be ht Series + is ir ot neat Water Harvesting Conventional Water Harvesting * Syaenng even a Enlimetoe somo, ‘eed for Conservation Dito imind move. ti rorcamytare cma Fossil Fuels eal eaten Tye st rein eet pope Cala ler ingen Oy Ht Finge ess ‘lobal Warming rs ier gee ae es, os Tee Re 1 Reduce Recycle Reuse ‘we rdagee ‘Sustainable Development