SILVER INSTITUTE, GATE | PSU | IES 9, CHAPTER -1 DC MACHINES Fleming’s left hand rule is applicable to (a) de generator (b) de motor (0) altemator (@) transformer If the flux per pole is ¢, then the flux in the yoke section will be approximately (a)2¢ (b) ¢ (c) g/2 @lLig The function(s) of pole shoes in a de machine is (a) support the field coils (b) reduce the reluctance of the magnetic path (c) spread out the flux to achieve uniform flux distribution in the air gap. (d) all of the above fare to The short-circuited field coil in a de machine will give (2) odour of burning insulation. (b) reduction in generated voltage (c) unbalanced magnetic pull causing vibrations (d) all of the above Ina de generator, the current is collected from armature through (a) commutator and brushes (b) slip rings and brushes (©) solid connections (@) helical springs The emf generated by a de generator is limited to 650 V. This is mainly due to limitations imposed by (a) armature (b) brush material (©) commutator —__(d) insulating materials The function of brushes in a de generator is to (a) collect the current from the commutator and supply it to external circuit (b) prevent sparking (©) keep the commutator clean (@) provide continuity between adjacent commutator segments. (©) convert ac into de Ina de machine, the brushes are physically placed in the (a) polar axis and electrically connected to the coils lying in the interpolar axis. (b) polar axis electrically connected to the coils lying in the polar axis (©) interpolar axis and electrically connected to the coils lying in polar axis (d) interpolar axis and electrically connected to the coils lying in inter polar axis The main advantage of using fractional pitch winding is to reduce 9325579376 www.silverinstitute.inSILVER INSTITUTE, GATE | PSU | IES 1 12. 14. 16. 17. 19. 20. 21. (a) amount of copper in the winding (b) size of the machine (c) harmonics in the emf (@) cost of the machine Lap winding is most suitable for (a) low voltage, high current machine (b) high voltage, high current machine (©) high voltage, low current machine (@) low voltage, low current machine In lap winding, the number of brushes is always ___ the number of poles. (a) double (b) same as (©) half (d) none of these AP-pole lap would de machine had an armature current Is. The conductor current in the armature winding is (Is LP © Ph (d) none of above A lap wound de machine has 400 conductors and 8 poles. The voltage inducted per conductor is 2V. The machine generates a voltage of (a) 100V (b) 200 V (400 (4) 800 V ‘A4 pole generator with 16 coils has a two layer lap winding. The pole piteh is (a) 32 (b) 16 @8 @4 The commutator pitches in simplex and duplex lap windings are respectively. (a) Land 2 (b) 2and 1 () Land 1 (d) 2 and 4 For a 4-pole machine wave winding is impossible with armature conductors. (a) 30 (b) 32 (34 (a) 38 The purpose of providing dummy coils in a wave wound de machine armature is to (a) enhance flux density (b) amplify voltage (©) mechanical balance for the rotor (d) reduce eddy current loss In the wave wound and lap wound armatures of a 6-pole de generator generated emf will be the ratio of (1:3 (B31 (1:6 (6:1 The commutator pitch for simplex lap winding is @+1 (b)-1 (©) + Lor. (@) average pitch The commutator pitch for simplex wave wingding is equal to (a) + Lor-1 (c) twice average pitch (c)average pitch _(d) half average pitch. Ina de machine, fractional pitch winding is employed to (a) increase generated voltage (b) reduce sparking 9325579376 www.silverinstitute.inSILVER INSTITUTE, GATE | PSU | IES 22. 23. 24, 25, 26. 21. 28. 29. (©) save copper (d) improve cooling (©) both (b) and (c) Aluminium is not used dynamically balanced, machine armature as it (a) is costlier (b) is of low resistivity (0) is of lower thermal conductivity (d) requires large winding space Equalizer rings are employed in__ wound de machines. (@) wave (b) lap (©) both lap and wave (d) none of the above Ina lap wound de generator, the equalizer rings are provided to (a) neutralize the armature reaction effect (b) avoid short-circuiting (©) avoid unequal distribution of currents at brushes (@) avoid harmonics generated in the emf. (e) provide mechanical balancing A frog-leg winding is used in a de machine to eliminate (a) the use of equalizers in lap winding (b) the use of dummy coils in armature (©) the use of compensating winding (d) reactance voltage produced due to commutation. Ata certain speed and flux, the voltage generated by a de generator is 230 volts. If the speed is increased by 20% and the flux is simultaneously reduced by 10%, the voltage will be (a) increased by 10% (b) reduced by 20% (©) increased by 8% (d) decreased by 8% The armature mmf wave in ade machine is (a) sinusoidal (b) triangular (©) rectangular (A) square In de machines, the air gap flux distribution in space at no load is (2) sinusoidal (b) triangular (©) flat topped @p sating Ina de machine the armature mmf is (a) stationary with respect to the field poles but rotating with respect to the armature (b) rotating with respect to field poles as well as armature (©) rotating with respect to field poles (@) stationary Due to magnetic saturation, the flux per pole in a de machine without brush shift (a) increases in both the generators and the motors with load (b) decreases in both the generators and the motors with load 9325579376 www.silverinstitute.inSILVER INSTITUTE, GATE | PSU | IES 31 32. 33. 31. 38, 39. (©) increases in generators but decreases in motors with load (d) decreases in generators and increases in motors with load If the brushes are given a small amount of forward shift in case of a de generator, the armature reaction effect will be (a) totally demagnetizing (b) totally cross-magnetizing (©) partly demagnetizing and partly eross-magnetizing _(d) totally magnetizing Ina de shunt generator working on load, the brushes are moved forward in the direction of rotation, as a result of this, commutation will (a) improve but terminal voltage will fall (b) worsen and terminal voltage will fall (©) improve and terminal voltage will rise (d) worsen and terminal voltage will rise The sparking at the brushes, in a de machine is due to (a) armature reaction (b) reactance voltage (c) presence of commutator (d) high resistance of carbon brushes The reactance voltage is (@) directly proportional to armature current and commutation period (b) directly proportional to commutation period and inversely proportional to armature current (©) directly proportional to armature current and inversely proportional to commutation period. (d) none of the above To have sparkles commutation the armature teaction effect in a de machine is neutralized by (a) using compensation winding and commutating poles (b) shifting the brush axis from the geometrical neutral axis to the magnetic neutral axis, (©) fixing the brush axis in the line with the pole axis, (d) increasing axis the field excitation To have sparkles commutation in a de generator, the brushes are rocked ahead so as to be (a) just ahead of magnetic neutral axis (b) in magnetic neutral axis (©) just behind the magnetic neutral axis (d) in geometrical neutral axis Interpoles are provided in de machines to (a) neutralize the cross-magnetizing component of armature reaction (b) neutralize the demagnetizing component of armature reaction (©) reduce iron loss (d) reduce copper losses The function of interpoles in a de machine is to (a) reduce field winding heating (b) improve commutation (©) compensate for air gap variation (d) reduce losses Compensating winding in a de machine (a) counteracts armature mmf in the interpolar zone. (b) prevents large speed drop 9325579376 www.silverinstitute.inSILVER INSTITUTE, GATE | PSU | IES (©) shunts most of the armature current (@) performs none of the above 40. Compensating winding is provided in a de machine to counter act (a) armature reaction mmf in the interpolar zone (b) armature reaction mmf under the pole-faces (©) armature reaction mmf in the commutating zone (@ flash over around the commutator (e) both (b) and (a) 41. The compensating windings are placed in the slots in the pole faces to neutralize the (a) cross-magnetizing effect (b) de-magnetizing effect (©) both of the de-magnetizing and cross-magnetizing (d) armature reaction mmf under the pole faces and avoid flash over between positive and negative brushes. 42. Compensating windings are employed in de motors whieh are likely to operate (a) ata constant speed over wide range of load (b) with rapidly changing loads of wide range (©) over wide range of speed by field excitation control (d) both (b) and (c) 43. In dc machines, the interpoles are provided (a) for mechanical balancing of machines. (b) to counteract the demagnetizing effect of armature mmf in the commutating zone. (©) to counteract the reactance voltage and the cross-magnetizing effect of armature mmf in the commutating zone. (d) to make commutation sparkles. (e) both (c) and (d) 44, ‘The armature of a de machine has a resistance of 0.1 Q and is connected to a 230 V supply. What will be the emf of generator giving 80 A? (a) 8V (b) 22V (0) 238V (a) 230V 45. A dc generator beyond critical resistance will generate (a) maximum power (b) maximum voltage (©) maximum current (d) no voltage 46. The factor that is not responsible for drop in terminal voltage of a de shunt generator on load is (a) commutation (b) armature reaction (c) armature resistance drop (d) field weakening due to (b) and (c) v 47, The extemal load characteristic ofa de generator at rated speed" is assumed to be linear and is shown below. The load circuit 2, comprises only resistance. When the load current is 50 A, the 3 2 value of load circuit resistance will be i @ 092 é| 0A 100A 9325579376 wow bibvaninseinie. in smperss—