6.

5
Summarisation
sin 20 = 2sincos cos 20 = cos20- sin9
3 COs 20 = 2cos20-1 4 cos20 = 1-2sin²9
51+ cos20 = 2cos²0 6/1- cos20 = 2sin0
7/ tane = l- cos 20
sin 20 = 2 tan
1+ cos 20
l+ tan'9
9 Cos 20 = 1- tan20 2 tan
1+ tan2e 10/ tan 20 =
1- tan0
11/ sin 30 = 3sin- 4sin0 12/
cos30 =
13 tan 30 = 3tan8 tang 4cos9-3 cos
1-3tan29

6.6
Illustrative Examples
Example 1
Express cOs40 in terms of
cos0.
Solution) cos40 = cos(2- 20)
= 2cos220-I = 2(2cos0-1y²
= 2(4cos0- 4COs0 + |)-I=
Example 2 Bcoste- 8cos0 +1.
Prove that, sin"x+ co_6
 150
vD MATHEMATICS " XI
O20on2 os2 Cos20

(by
-'( (vet)
(1on) on 20(| cON20)

Con 20)
cos 2¢)
2
comnp. and dyl

example9
(0 to and 8 are co 2i 01, tan2) 2tun24
olttve acute angtes and cOnZo 2np |: 0 and
show that, tanaan, are acute angles
0, Ata -/2tan |: tund k tand (lven)|
() E tan(a- 8) 8-cos28 hd he value o
(an t tan8. the gequlred value of k Is J2.
Example11 Slow that,
slna sln'(120°+) +sln(240° + ) = -sin3a.
[HS '16]
Solution LHs.
tan sln
l+cos26 2tan' +sln20" + o)+sin(240° + a)
tatata -4slna 4sln 120° +) +4sin(240° + a)]
|:: a and ae positie acute angles] (Proved)
sln 3a + 3sin(120° + ) -
We haE. tano sin 28 sin3(120° + a)
5-cos 28 3sin(240° +«)- sin 3(240° +a)]
tan [" sin3a = 3sina - 4sina
tano- tan
. 4sina =
l+ taa tan
I tan 3sina - sin 3a |
5
| tan' -|3(slna +sln(120" + ) +
sin(240 + a) }
(sln3a+ sin(360 + 3a) +
1+
5(1+y)(|- y) 3(sina +2sln(180" + )
cos60° )
sin(720°+3a))]
wherextano and y tanß]
(sin 3a + sin 3a+
2 sin3a)]

(-y2+ 3y²)
4+6

y|+ ay)
2+3y -astno +2·(-slna) 3 sin 3a
|3( slno - sina)- 3sin3a )
(2+ 3y)x-y y+ y2 + 3y²)
(2 + 2y)x y3+3y') lnJa R.H.S. (Proved)
or
2(1 + y²)x3|+ y')y Example 12
2x=3y |:: y² tan²1| If ntan8 tan (a-6)
A:ym 3:2 tuna : tan? 3:2. co(a-@) then show that,
cos2
Example 10 tan(a-20) tana.
Flnd the value of k from the following
relatlons t
3(cos2 -cos20) = - cos2 cos2¢ tane ktand, Solution We have, ntane
cOs2o. mtan(o-@)
where @and are acute angles Cosp
cos(0-0) tan(a - 0) sin(o -) cos(a -0)
cos20)=1 cos²0tune
Solution 3( cos2d cos20cos20 sin@cose
1- cos20cos20 2sln(a - 0)cos(a-0) sin(2a - 20)
2 sindcos0
cos2d- cos20 sin 20
 TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF MULTIPLE ANGLES 151

n+m sin (2a -20) +sinz6 (hy comp. & cos9-sin20) a'+ c2- h2
sin (2a- 20) sin 20 div.] or. 2absin cOS
n-m
2sina cos (a-20) cos20
2cosasin (a 20)
= tana
tan(a - 20) or, 2ah a'+c2- h2
sin 20
(n + m)tan (a - 20) = (n-m) tana c2 + a'-b2
or, cot 20 = (Proved)
tan(a-20) = n- m tana (Proved) 2ab
or, nfm
Example 16 8 co 167
Example 13 Prove that, 16cos # cos cos 5 cos 16
Show that, =4 [HS '17] = 1.
sin 10° cos 10°

Solution L.H.S. Solution Let 27

=0. Therefore, 150 =2r
cos 10° -3 sin 10° Then, L.H.S. = l6 cos@ cos20 cos40 cos 80 (: 0=
sin 10° cos10° sin 10° cos 10°
8 (2sin cos0) cos 20 cos40 cos80
Now, cos 10°-3sin 10°= 2. -Goos10°tn 10) sin6
4 (2 sin 20 cos20) cos 40 cos 80
= 2( sin 30° cos 10°- cos30° sin 10°) sine
= 2sin (30° 10°) = 2sin 20° = 2· sin (2· 10°) 2 (2sin 40 cos40) cos80 = 2 sin 80 cos 80
sin sin
= 2"2 sin 10° cos 10° = 4sin10° cos 10°
1 +A)
4 sin 10° cos 10°
R.H.S. (Proved) 1sin 166 =sin0 sin (150+ 0) = sinASn(27
L.H.S. = sin 10°cos 100 =4= sin
sin0 = 1 =RH.S. (Proved)
Example 14 Show that,
sin
32sin59 = 10- 15 cos20 + 6cos 40- cos60. Example 17 Show that the value of

Solution LH.S. = 32sin6 sin?(* + a) + sin2(*+B)

-2 cos (a-B) sin (x+ ) sin (x +B) is independent of x.
= 4-(2sin20)3 = 4(1 - cos20)3
= 4[1 -3 cos 28 + 3cos?20 - cos³20] Solution The given expression
= 4- 12 cos 20+ 12cos?20- 4cos320 - (2sin (x +a) +2sin²(*+8) -2cos(a -B)
=4- 12 cos 28 +6- 2cos?20 - [cos 3(20) + 3cos 20] "{2· sin(x+ «) sin(x +8) })
[:: cos3A 4cos3A -3 cosA
. 4cos3A = cos 3A +3 cosA
-1- cos2(x + a) +1- cos2(x + B) - 2 cos (a -B)
{ cos(a -B) - cos(2x +a +B) })
or, 4cos320 = cos3 (20) +3 cos 26; replacing A by 20) =(2-{cos(2x +2a) + cos(2x +28)} -2cos²(a -8)
= 4- 12cos20 + 6(1+ cos40) cos68- 3cos20 +2cos(a -B) cos(2x + a +B)]
= 10- 15cos 2|46cos40- cos 68 = R.H.S. (Proved) 2-2c0s2*+ 2a +2x+2ßcos 2*+2a - 2r- 28
2 2
Example 15
If acos + bsin8 = c and -2cos?(a -B) + 2cos(a -B) cos(2x +&+B)
bcoseco- asece = C, prove that, 1- cos(2x + a +B) cos(a -B) - cos(a -B)
cot 20 = c'+a?-b2 [HS '20]
+ cos(-B) cos (2x + a+B)
2ab = 1- cos²(a -B) = sin²(a -B),
which is independent of x (Proved)
Solution acose + bsin =c ..(1)
bcoseco - asece = c
Example 18
(2) Prove that, cosec +cosec = cosec.
Multiplying both sides of (1) and (2) we get,
Solution Let a ="
(acose + bsin)(bcoseco - asece) = c 7

, abl COs sin 9 Then, 7a =1 or, 3a = n 4a

+62- a? = c2
sin sin 3a = sin( - 4c) = sin 4a
 =(1-cos?)1- cos? =sin sin
* sin2,
cos:sin 8
= sin _I
= cos 8
2 8

-2sin Cos)2 4'sin27

8.
1
4

J2 -RHS. (Proved)
Example 25 Show that,
sin sin 30 . sin 98
cOs 30 cos 98 cos 270 (tan 278- tan 9).
Solution We have. sin8
cos30
2sin cos0 If sin26
2Lcos@cos 30 2Lcoscos 30
1f sin (3 -0) 1f sin 30 cos- cos 30sin
2Lcos@cos 30 2 coscos 30
fsin 30cos0 cos30sin0
2Lcosecos 30 cos0 cos 30)
sin0
cos30 [tan 30- tan0) .(1)
Replacing by 30 and 98 successively on both sides of (1)
we get,
sin 3
cos 90 [ tan 99 tan 39) (2)
sin 90
and
cos270 - ~[tan270- tan 90] .(3)
Adding both sides of (1), (2) and (3) we get,
sino sin 30 sin 90
cos 30
+
cos90 cos270 -[tan279-
2 tan9] (Proved)
Example 26
Ir tan34k, show that s also
tanA sinA

show that the value of k cannot lle between and 3.

tan3A
Solution : k= tanA
tan3A sin 3A
2. 2
2k tanA 2 tan3A cos3A
k-1 tan3A tan 3A tanA sin3A sinA
tanA cos3A coSA
2sin3AcosA 2sin3AcosA 2sin3AcosA
sin(3A -A) sin2A 2sinAcosA
sin3A
(Proved)
sinA
3tanA -tanA = k
tan3A k or,
tanA(1-3tan²A)
Again, tanA
3- tan²A = k(1-3tan²A)
or, tan²A = k-3
(3k 1)tanA = k-3 3k- 1
 TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS OF MULTIPLE ANGLES 155

which of the following statements is not true? cot8- Jan : seco cosecA
4cosA =3cos3A + cosA 2sin20
The formula of cos3A can be deduced from the formula
A) sin'r +cos'r=1-sin²2x
sin3A =3sinA 4sinA replacing A by (90° - A).
(v) cosx +sin'x = (1 +2a²- a)
cos20 =2sin o)co+) where a= sinx +cosx
The fomula of sin 28 can be obtained replacing by (vii) tanA(1 + sec2A) = tan 2A
in the formula cos26 =2cos²0-1. stha + cOsa tan 2a +
(viil) cOSa - sina Secza
11f 2c0s@= x+,which of the following is the value of 6. Evaluate : 96sin 65°sin 35° sin 80°
sin 20° + 2sin 80° cos 30°
cos20?

Marks
1. Prove that,
)) tan& + 2 tan 20 + 4cot40 = cot
AIf sin@ = which of the following is the value of cos20? AH) cos(0 +*)- sin(0-) =cos28 cos20
8 1+ cos2a +sin2a
5 25 (H) 1- cos2a +sin2a cota

If tanA=3, which of the following is the value of tan2A ? (tv) cosA +sin®A =(1 +3cos²2A)
(v) l+ sinsin 28-cos20 = 2sin0
10. If sinA , which of the following is the value of sin 3A 3 + cos8
(vi) cotx cosx- tanx sinx= 2cot 2x
I19
125 125 o) sec8a-1_ tan 8a
sec4a -1 tan2a
11. If cosA =which of the following is the value of cos 3A ? (viil) cos 4x- cos4y = 8(cosx- cosy)(cosx + cosy)
(cosx- sin y) (cosx+ siny)
8 -3.3
8
1+ cosA +coSZA cotA
_inA + sin 2A
I2. If tanr=, which of the following is the value of tan 5A + tan3A
a
tan 5A - tan 3A Acos4Acos2A
(a+b2)sin 2x? cos30°- sin 20° cos 40° cos 80
ab 2ab (x) cOs40°+ cos20° W3
(xil) 4(ços³10° +sin³20°) = 3(cos 10° +sin20°)
C)y Short Answer Type luestions Marks
sin 20 cos20 4
. If<0<I and sin0=,find the value of sin 28. (xiv) 16cos 2 cos cos
1515
B

2If tan 2A= ind the value of tanA<A<. (r) Prove that (cos'asin3a +sinacos3a) =sin4a
3,lf cos20 =-find the value of cose. 2. YIf tan²a = 1+ 2tan²8, prove that,
cos28 = l+2 cos2a.
4I sin24 -, And the value of sina(0 <A <.
S. Prove that, (u) If sina + cosa=2cosa, show that, tan2a =l.
0) cot- tan = 2 cot28 (1) If 2cos(a +B)cos(a -B) =1, show that tana
(Y COSa + sina cOSa - Sind-2tan 2a 1-tan²g
COSe sina cOsa + sina 1+3tan²g
H sin30 cos30 :2
3. If tan = and tan¢=show that, cos28 =sln4¢.
sin 0 cOs
 156
Chhayo MATHEMATICS " XI
4. If Jan8 Sina - coso
(v) tan 70* tan 50°+ tan 10 =A
sina +cOso PrOVe that, 2cos²= 1+ sin 2a.
3. 1f tan0 = 1+ 2tan²o, show that, cOs 20 + (vi) tarnotan+) tan(- =tan 30
sin=0. 8cot8O:
b. If tanx= ". find the value of (vii) tar? +2tan 20 + 4 tan 40 + Cot
acosec2x + b'sec2x.
21 cos 1I coe 57
M. If 2tana = 3tanß, show
that,
(vli) cos cos cOs
[HS 'y
tanío -B)= Shp
5-cos2B + sec.
8. 1f <0<n and 5sin20 + 3cos20= 4, find the (ix) If 0=show that sec# + sec20 49=-4.
values of
sin 20 and cos 30 (x) If 150 =n, show that
9. If x2+y² = l, show that., (3x-4xy +(3y- 4yy=1. cOs0 cos20 cos30 cos40 cos50 cos60 cos70 =l
70 2
(0)
Express sin 59 in terms of sine
2. () If ntana= (n + 1) tanß then show that,
(D) Express cos68 in terms of cos0 sin 2B
(i) Express tan40 in
tan(a -B)=n+l-cos2B
terms
tane of
(iv) Express cos4A in terms of tanA (#)) If tanf = cos2etan, prove that
. Show that, secx = 2
tan(-0) = tana
sin2%
J2+ J2+2cos4 1+ tanacos2
12. If tanx tan y, tanz are in GP., show that 3. If tanØ = sec 2a, show that, sin20 =-tan"a
cos2y = COs(r + z) 1+ tan1a
cos(x-z) 4. Prove that,
13. Using the formula tanA sin 2A find the values of (1)) 8cos= 3 + 4cos20 + cos40
|+ cos2A
tan 75 and cot 22°30 (ii) 8sin0 =3-4cos 20 + cos 40
14. If 32 sinb9 = 10 - 15 cos20 + bcos 40+ (i) 64cossin0= cos70- cos58-3 cos
acos60, show that 30 +3cos8
tarn9tan 50 = +b-5
a-b+7 (iv) _sinAcos = cos24-cos 4A - cos6A
J5. If tan(a +B) = a+ b and tan(o-B) a-b, then show 5. If tan4 = tana -tanß
show that, sin 20 sin 2a - sin28
1- tana tanß 1- sin2a sin28
that atana - btanß = a2- b2.
16. Show that 6. If and B are
positive acute angles and
cos2a = cos28- 1,
2 sinB + 4 cos(a +B) sing sinß + cos2(a +B)= cos2 n- cos 28 (n> 1),
17. (1) If x= sin + cosesin 20 and cOse + sindsin20, show that, Jn -l tana= Jn+ ltanß.
prove that (x+ y)2/3 + (x-y)2/3 = 2 7. If inx 1+ cos'x
tany 1+ sin2y Slow nat, sin(3x + y) =7sin (x-y).
(11) If x= a(cos# + sin Øsin 20) and
8. If sin@ + sin 20 = a and cose
y= a( sin + cos #sin 20), then prove that + cos 20 =b, show that.
(a' + b2)a2 + b2- 3) = 2b
(x+y)2/3 + (x-y2/3 = 2a2/3 [HS '18) 9. If 0=
show that,
)Long Answer Type Questons Marks 2" cose cos20 cos20
1. Prove that,
10. Prove that, cos239...cos24-l=1.
() cot (0 +15°)- tan(- 13
4cos20
+2sin20
(2cos#-D(2 cos20- 1)(2cos22- l)-.(2cos 27-l9-1)
2 cos2"8+!
) tan+o) + tan-o) = 2sec20 . If
2cos#+l
x-I= 2isin0, show that,
(1) cos0cos 30 + sin0sin 30 = cos329 x-=2isin40.
(tu cos3a +cos(120° + a) + cos(240° +a) = cOs30 12. Show that,
(xtana+ ycota)(xcota+ ytana) = (x+ y)2+ 4xycot"20