OBSERVATION AND CALCULATION Expt. No.

1
Date:
Weight of weighing bottle + substance =

Weight of weighing bottle =

ESTIMATION OF STRENGTH OF GIVEN KMnO4 SOLUTION

Weight of substance transferred = USING M/20 MOHR’S SALT SOLUTION

Molar mass of Mohr’s salt = 392 g/mol AIM
𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 × 1000
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 = To find the strength of given KMnO4 solution by titrating it against M/20
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 × 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒
Mohr’s salt solution.
′
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑀𝑜ℎ𝑟 𝑠 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑡 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
REQUIREMENTS
=
Burette, pipette, funnel, 100mL standard flask, glass rod, electronic balance
for weighing, KMnO4 solution, Mohr’s salt solution, dilute H2SO4 and conical
20mL M/20 Mohr’s salt solution X KMnO4 solution flask.

THEORY
Sl.No. Volume of Mohr’s Burette reading (mL) Volume of KMnO4
In permanganometric titration, KMnO4 act as oxidising agent and Mohr’s
salt solution(mL) Initial Final solution used (mL)
salt act as reducing agent. Here the redox reaction takes place in acidic
1
medium.
2
3 2𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 + 3𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 → 𝐾2 𝑆𝑂4 + 2𝑀𝑛𝑆𝑂4 + 3𝐻2 𝑂 + 5[𝑂]

5[2𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 (𝑁𝐻4 )2𝑆𝑂4 . 6𝐻2𝑂 + 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 + [𝑂]] → 𝐹𝑒2 (𝑆𝑂4 )3 + (𝑁𝐻4)2 𝑆𝑂4 + 13𝐻2 𝑂
Volume of Mohr’s salt solution =
2𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 + 3𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 + 10𝐹𝑒𝑆𝑂4 (𝑁𝐻4 )2 𝑆𝑂4 . 6𝐻2 𝑂
Molarity of Mohr’s salt solution = → 𝐾2 𝑆𝑂4 + 2𝑀𝑛𝑆𝑂4 + 5𝐹𝑒2 (𝑆𝑂4 )3 + 5(𝑁𝐻4 )2 𝑆𝑂4 + 68 𝐻2 𝑂
Volume of KMnO4 solution =
Molarity of KMnO4 solution =? 𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 2 1
′
= =
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑀𝑜ℎ𝑟 𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑡 10 5
𝑀𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 × 𝑉𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 1
= 𝑀𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 × 𝑉𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 1
𝑀𝑀𝑜ℎ𝑟 ′𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑡 × 𝑉𝑀𝑜ℎ𝑟 ′𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑡 5 ∴ =
𝑀𝑀𝑜ℎ𝑟 ′𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑡 × 𝑉𝑀𝑜ℎ𝑟 ′𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑡 5
𝑀𝑀𝑜ℎ𝑟 ′𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑡 × 𝑉𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 PROCEDURE
𝑀𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 =
5 × 𝑉𝑀𝑜ℎ𝑟 ′𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑡 Preparation of M/20 Mohr’s salt solution
Take approximately 2g of Mohr’s salt in a clean and dried weighing
bottle. Find the weight of the weighing bottle containing the substance.
= Transfer the substance to a clean 100 mL standard flask through funnel and

= glass rod. Add approximately 20 mL of dil. H2SO4 through the funnel. Dissolve
the substance, by shaking and make up the solution to 100 mL. Take the
weight of empty weighing bottle. From the weight difference, we can calculate
Molarity of KMnO4 solution = the molarity of prepared Mohr’s salt solution.

Molar mass of KMnO4 = 158 g/mol Estimation of KMnO4 solution

⸫ Strength of KMnO4 solution = Molarity of KMnO4 solution X Pipette out 20 mL of prepared Mohr’s salt solution to a clean conical
Molar mass of KMnO4 flask. Add 20 mL dil. H2SO4. Burette is rinsed and filled with KMnO4 solution.
Titrate Mohr’s salt solution against KMnO4 solution. End point is the
appearance of light pink colour. Repeat the titration till to get concordant
values.
=
RESULT
Molarity of Mohr’s salt solution =
=
Molarity of KMnO4 solution =
Strength of given KMnO4 solution =
 Expt. No. 2
OBSERVATION AND CALCULATION
Date:
Weight of weighing bottle + substance =
ESTIMATION OF STRENGTH OF GIVEN KMnO4 SOLUTION
Weight of weighing bottle =
USING M/40 OXALIC ACID SOLUTION
Weight of substance transferred =
AIM
Molar mass of oxalic acid = 126 g/mol
To find the strength of given KMnO4 solution by titrating it against M/40
𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 × 1000 oxalic acid solution.
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 × 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒
REQUIREMENTS
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑥𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑐 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
Burette, pipette, funnel, 100mL standard flask, glass rod, electronic balance
=
for weighing, KMnO4 solution, oxalic acid solution, dilute H2SO4 and conical
20mL M/40 oxalic acid solution X KMnO4 solution flask.

THEORY
Sl.No. Volume of oxalic Burette reading (mL) Volume of KMnO4 In permanganometric titration, KMnO4 act as oxidising agent and oxalic acid
acid solution(mL) Initial Final solution used (mL) act as reducing agent. Here the redox reaction takes place.
1
2𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 + 3𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 → 𝐾2 𝑆𝑂4 + 2𝑀𝑛𝑆𝑂4 + 3𝐻2 𝑂 + 5[𝑂]
2
60−700 𝐶
5𝐻2 𝐶2 𝑂4 . 2𝐻2 𝑂 + 5[𝑂] → 10𝐶𝑂2 + 15𝐻2 𝑂
3
2𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 + 3𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 +5𝐻2 𝐶2 𝑂4 . 2𝐻2 𝑂 → 𝐾2 𝑆𝑂4 + 2𝑀𝑛𝑆𝑂4 + 18𝐻2 𝑂
Volume of oxalic acid solution =

Molarity of oxalic acid solution = 𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 2

=
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐻2 𝐶2 𝑂4 5
Volume of KMnO4 solution =
Molarity of KMnO4 solution = ?
𝑀𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 × 𝑉𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 2
𝑀𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 × 𝑉𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 2 ∴ =
= 𝑀𝐻2 𝐶2 𝑂4 × 𝑉𝐻2𝐶2 𝑂4 5
𝑀𝐻2𝐶2 𝑂4 × 𝑉𝐻2𝐶2 𝑂4 5
PROCEDURE
Preparation of M/40 oxalic acid solution

2 × 𝑀𝐻2𝐶2 𝑂4 × 𝑉𝐻2𝐶2 𝑂4 Take approximately 0.32g of oxalic acid in a clean and dry weighing
𝑀𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 =
5 × 𝑉𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 bottle. Find the weight of the weighing bottle containing the substance.
Transfer the substance to a clean 100 mL standard flask through funnel.
Dissolve the substance in minimum quantity of water by shaking and make
up to 100 mL. Shake for getting uniform concentration. Take the weight of
=
empty weighing bottle. From this, we can find the weight of substance
= transferred into the standard flask and then find the molarity of prepared
oxalic acid solution.

Estimation of KMnO4 solution

Molarity of KMnO4 solution =
Pipette out 20 mL of prepared oxalic acid solution to a clean conical
Molar mass of KMnO4 = 158 g/mol
flask. Add 20 mL dil. H2SO4. Heat the solution to 60-700c. Burette is rinsed and
⸫ Strength of KMnO4 solution = Molarity of KMnO4 solution X filled with KMnO4 solution. Titrate oxalic acid solution against KMnO4 solution.
Molar mass of KMnO4 End point is the appearance of light pink colour. Repeat the titration till to get
concordant values.

RESULT
= Molarity of oxalic acid solution =
Molarity of KMnO4 solution =
Strength of given KMnO4 solution =
=
OBSERVATION AND CALCULATION Expt. No. 3

Date:
20mL oxalic acid solution X M/100 KMnO4 solution
DETERMINATION OF NUMBER OF MOLECULES OF WATER
OF CRYSTALLISATION IN OXALIC ACID
Sl.No. Volume of oxalic Burette reading (mL) Volume of KMnO4
acid solution(mL) Initial Final solution used (mL) AIM
1
To determine the number of molecules of water of crystallisation in oxalic
2
acid by using M/100 KMnO4 solution. You are provided with oxalic acid of
3
strength 3.15 g/L.

REQUIREMENTS
𝑀𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 × 𝑉𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 2
=
𝑀𝐻2𝐶2 𝑂4 × 𝑉𝐻2𝐶2 𝑂4 5 Burette, pipette, funnel, 100mL standard flask, glass rod, KMnO4 solution,
oxalic acid solution, dilute H2SO4 and conical flask.
Volume of oxalic acid solution =

Volume of KMnO4 solution = In permanganometric titration, KMnO4 act as oxidising agent and oxalic acid
act as reducing agent.
Molarity of KMnO4 solution = 1/100 M

2𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 + 3𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 → 𝐾2 𝑆𝑂4 + 2𝑀𝑛𝑆𝑂4 + 3𝐻2 𝑂 + 5[𝑂]

Molarity of oxalic acid solution = ? 60−700 𝐶

5𝐻2 𝐶2 𝑂4 . 2𝐻2 𝑂 + 5[𝑂] → 10𝐶𝑂2 + 15𝐻2 𝑂
5 × 𝑀𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 × 𝑉𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4
𝑀𝐻2𝐶2 𝑂4 = 2𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 + 3𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 +5𝐻2 𝐶2 𝑂4 . 2𝐻2 𝑂 → 𝐾2 𝑆𝑂4 + 2𝑀𝑛𝑆𝑂4 + 18𝐻2 𝑂
2 × 𝑉𝐻2𝐶2 𝑂4
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 2 𝑀𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4 × 𝑉𝐾𝑀𝑛𝑂4
= = =
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐻2 𝐶2 𝑂4 5 𝑀𝐻2 𝐶2 𝑂4 × 𝑉𝐻2 𝐶2𝑂4

=
 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑥𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑐 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 PROCEDURE
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑥𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑐 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑥𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑐 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑 The given oxalic acid solution transferred to 100 mL standard flask using

3.15 funnel and glass rod, quantitatively make up solution up to 100 mL. Shake for
∴ 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑥𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑐 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = getting uniform concentration. Pipette out 20 mL of prepared oxalic acid
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
solution to a clean conical flask. Add 20 mL dil. H2SO4. Heat the solution to
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑥𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑐 𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑑 =
60-700c. Burette is rinsed and filled with KMnO4 solution. Titrate oxalic acid
= solution against KMnO4 solution. End point is the appearance of light pink
colour. Repeat the titration till to get concordant values. From this we can
calculate the number of molecules of water of crystallisation present in one
=
molecule of oxalic acid.

RESULT
= Number of molecules of water of crystallisation of oxalic acid ≈