RUMUS 16 TENSES BAHASA INGGRIS

RUMUS 16 TENSES
Kata Kerja
Kata Kerja adalah bagian inti dari Tenses Bahasa Inggris. Kata kerja atau Verb pada rumus-
rumus Tenses di blog ini, Kata kerja atau Verb ini sering saya singkat V saja. Jadi kalau Ving
artinya sama dengan Verbing, sering juga saya tulis sebagai 'Ving saja agar mudah.
Kata kerja dalam bahasa Inggris ada banyak bentuknya: V1, V2, V3, Ving.
Kata Kerja bentuk 1 atau saya singkat V1, yaitu kata kerja dasar, seperti: drink, go, write, read,
participate, learn, study, dan sebagainya. Ada kata kerja bentuk ke 2, sering saya singkat V2.
Kata kerja bentuk 3 ya V3. Serta Kata Kerja bentuk ING atau saya singkat Ving. Bagaimana cara
menggunakan bentuk-bentuk kata kerja tersebut? Ada di masing-masing pelajaran Tenses
Bahasa Inggris.
Perubahan Bentuk Kata Kerja
Perubahan bentuk Kata Kerja bentuk 1 (V1) ke bentuk kedua (V2) dan bentuk ke 3 (V2) ada
yang beraturan (ada rumusnya) dan ada juga yang tidak beraturan (tidak ada rumusnya). Wah
memamg inilah yang membuat bahasa Inggris ini menjadi rumit bagi kita orang Indonesia, haha.
Kata Kerja Beraturan (Regular Verb):
Artinya ya mempunyai keteraturan bentuknya, ada rumusnya misalnya ditambah 'D atau 'ED
seperti: live lived lived, play, played, played.
Walaupun ada aturannya tetapi aturan perubahan tersebut masih ada beberapa. DaItar kata kerja
beraturan ini pun panjang sekali. Saya sarankan Anda mempunyai buku Grammar Bahasa
Inggris walaupun yang kecil dan sederhana, biasanya ada di sana. Memang Anda mau
menulsinya disini satu per satu?.
Kata Kerja TIDAK Beraturan (Irregular Verb):
Misalnya kata kerja 'drink berturut-turut untuk bentuk ke 1 sampai 3: drink-drank-drunk. Satu
contoh lain lagi: break-broke-broken
Masih ingat V1, V2, V3 dan Ving? Jangan lupa apa itu artinya ya, karena akan sering
dipergunakan dalam setiap tenses bahasa inggris
1. Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang)
a. Simple Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang Sederhana)
Rumus :
} S V1 O/C
- } S Do/does not V1 O/C
? } Do/does S V1 O/C
Example :
} Sisca Reads book everyday
- } Sisca does not Read book everyday
? } does Sisca Read book everyday
Yes He does / No He does not (doesn`t)
For I, We, You, They do
He, She, It Does
Contoh kalimat :
() She is a new people here.
() He plays Iootball every morning
(-) She isn`t a new people here.
(-) He does not playing Iootball every morning.
(?) Is she a new people here?
(?) How playing Iootball every morning?
- Present Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sekarang)
Menerangkan suatu perbuatan yabg sedang berlangsungpada waktu sekarang.
Rumus :
} S Be V1 ing O/C ~~ } They are playing badmintoon now
- } S Be not V1 ing O/C ~~ } They are not playing badmintoon now
? } Be S V1 ing O/C ~~ ? } Are they palaying badmintoon now ?
Yes They are / no they are not
For I am
They, we, you are
He, She, It Is
Contoh dalam kalimat :
() He is playing badminton now
(-) He isn`t playing badminton now.
(?) Is he playing badminton now.
. Present Perfe.t Tense (Waktu Sempurna Sekarang)
Rumus :
subjectauxiliary verbmain verb
Contoh :
() you have eaten mine.
(-) she has not been to Rome
(?) have you Iinished?
d Present Perfe.t Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang)
Rumus :
(+): S + have/has + been + Ving
(-): S + have/has + not + been + Ving
(.): Have/has + S + been + Ving
Contoh :
() She has been going to Malang since evening.
() We have been riding a horse Ior three days
(-) She hasn`t been going to Malang since evening.
(-) We haven`t been riding a horse Ior three days.
(?) Has she been going to Malang ?
(?) Have He been riding a horse Ior three days ?
Past Tense (Waktu Lampau)
a Simple Past Tense (Waktu Lampau Sederhana)
Rumus :
} SBeWas/WereO/C
-} SBeWas/WerenotO/C
?} BeWas/Were SO/C
Example :
} We were at school yesterday
-} We were not at school yesterday
?} were we at school yesterday ?
For I, He, She, It Was
They, we, you were
Contoh :
() I saw a good Iilm last night
() He came here last month
(-) I saw not a good Iilm last night
(-) He came not last month
(?) Saw I a good Iilm last night
(?) Came He here last month
- Past Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Lampau)
Rumus :
(+): S + was/were + Ving
(-): S + was/were + NJT + Ving
(.): Was/Were + S + Ving
Contoh :
() He was watching television all aIternoon last week
() They were talking about sport when I met him
(-) He wasn`t watching television all aIternoon last week
(-) They weren`t talking about sport when I met him
(?) Was He watching television all aIternoon last week
(?) Were they talking about sport when I met him
. Past Perfe.t Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau)
Rumus :
subjectauxiliary verb HAVEmain verb
(+): S + had + V3
(-): S + had + not + V3
(.): Had + S + V3
Contoh :
() When my brother arrived , I had painted my motor cycle
() The ship had leIt beIore I arrived
(-) When my brother arrived , I hadn`t painted my motor cycle
(-) The ship hadn`t leIt beIore I arrived
(?) Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived ?
(?) Had the ship leIt beIore I arrived?
d Past Perfe.t Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Lampau)
Rumus :
subjectauxiliary verb HAVEauxiliary verb BEmain verb
Contoh :
() They had been living there Ior two month
() When they washed my drees , your Iather had been playing badminton
(-) They hadn`t been living there Ior two month
(-) When they washed my dress , your Iather hadn`t been playing badminton
(?) Had they been living there Ior two month?
(?) When they washed my dress , had your Iather been playing badminton ?
Future Tense (Akan Datang)
a Simple Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana)
Rumus :
subjectauxiliary verb WILLmain verb
Contoh :
() I will visit to yogyakarta tomorrow.
() he will met girl Iriend by seven o`clock
(?) Will he go to America next month?
() President shall at Nederland the day aIter tomorrow.
(-) President shall not at Nederland the day aIter tomorrow.
(?) Shall President at Nederland the day aIter tomorrow?
- Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Akan Datang)
Rumus :
subjectauxiliary verb WILLauxiliary verb BEmain verb
Contoh :
() I will be writing a comic.
() I will be studying tomorrow night.
(-) I will not writing a comic.
(-) I will not be studying tomorrow night.
(?) Will I be writing a comic ?
(?) Will I be studying tomorrow night ?
. Future Perfe.t Tense (Waktu Sempurna Akan Datang)
Rumus :
subjectauxiliary verb WILLauxiliary verb HAVEmain verb
Contoh :
() Iwill haveIinishedby 10am.
() Youwill haveIorgottenme by then.
(-) Shewillnothavegoneto school.
(-) WewillnothaveleIt.
(?) Willyou havearrived?
(?) Willthey havereceivedit?
d Future Perfe.t Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Akan Datang)
Rumus :
subjectauxiliary verb WILLauxiliary verb HAVEauxiliary verb BEmain verb
Contoh :
() I will have been reading a news paper.
() He will have been listening music.
(-) I will haven`t been reading a news paper.
(-) He will haven`t listening a music.
(?) Will I have been riding a news paper ?
(?) Will He have listening a music ?
Past Future Tense (Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)
a Past Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
PositiI: S would V1
NegatiI: S would not V1
Tanya: Would S V1
Contoh :
() He would come iI you invited him.
() They would buy a home the previous day.
(-) He wouldn`t come iI invited him.
(-) They wouldn`t buy a home the previous day.
(?) Would He come iI invited him ?
(?) Would they buy a home the previous day ?
- Past Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Akan Sedang Terjadi Diwaktu Lampau)
Rumus :
!ositif: S + would + be + Ving
Negatif: S + would + not + be + Ving
Tanya: Would + S + be + Ving
Contoh :
() I should be swimming at this time the Iollowing day.
() I shall be sliping at 10 o`clock tomorrow.
(-) I shouldn`t be swimming at this time the Iollowing day.
(-) I shalln`t be sleeping at 10 o`clock tomorrow.
(?) Shall I be swimming at this time the Iollowing day ?
(?) Shall I be sleeping at10 o`clock tomorrow ?
. Past Future Perfe.t Tense (Waktu Akan Sudah Selesai Di Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
!ositif: S + would + have + V3
Negatif: S + would + not + have + V3
Tanya: Would + S + have + V3
Contoh :
() He would have graduated iI he had studies hard.
() Nonok will have studied moth by the end oI this week.
(-) He wouldn`t have gone iI he had met his darling
(-) Nonok will have not studied month by the end oI this week
(?) Would He have gone iI he had met his darling ?
(?) Will Nonok have studied month by the end oI this week ?
d Past Future Perfe.t Continuous Tense
(Waktu Yang Sudah Sedang Berlangsung Pada Waktu Lampau)
Rumus :
!ositif: S + would + have + been + Ving
Negatif: S + would + not + have + been + Ving
Tanya: Would + S + have + been + Ving
Contoh :
Rianawati would have been speaking English Ior two years
() Mrs. Anisa MuniI would have been walking here Ior seventeen years
() Rianawati would have been speaking English Ior two years
(-) Mrs. Anisa MuniI wouldn`t have been walking here Ior seventeen year
(-) Rianawati wouldn`t have been speaking English Ior two years
(?) Would Mrs. Anisa MuniI have been walking here Ior seventeen years?
(?) Would Rianawati have been speaking English Ior two years?