Calculation:

#Capacitor in single.

t t RC
Ior R 68kO
tRC
68k x 470F
31.96
Transient period 5t 5(31.96)
159.8
Charging
O c() = | -
-
t
RC
]
121
-
0
31.96
]
12 11
0v
O c() = | -
-
240
31.96
]
12 1 (3479 x
-3
)
12 0999
1199v
ulscharglng
O c() =
-
0
31.96

12(1)
12v
O c() =
-
240
31.96

12(3479 x
-3
)
6373 x
-3
v

Ior R 100kO
tRC
100k x 470F
47
Transient period 5t 5(47)
235
Charging
O c() = | -
-
t
RC
]
121
-
0
4
]
12 11
0v
O c() = | -
-
240
4
]
12 1 (6038 x
-3
)
12 0994
1193v
ulscharglng
O c() =
-
0
4

12(1)
12v
O c() =
-
240
4

12(6038 x
-3
)
7270 x
-3
v


#Capacitors in parallel

t t RC
Ior R 100kO
C
t
C
1
C
2
C
t
470F 470F
9.4 x

-4

tRC
100k x 9.4 x

-4

94
Transient period 5t 5(94)
470
Charging
O c() = | -
-
t
RC
]
121
-
0
94
]
12 11
0v
O c() = | -
-
240
94
]
12 1 (00778)
12 0922
11066v
ulscharglng
O c() =
-
0
94

12(1)
12v
O c() =
-
240
94

12(00778)
09336v




#Capacitors in series

t t RC
Ior R 100kO
1 1 1
C
t
C
1
C
2

1 1 1
C
t
470 470


C
t
2.35 x

-4

tRC
100k x |2.35 x

-4
]

23.5
Transient period 5t 5(23.5)
117.5
Charging
O c() = | -
-
t
RC
]
121
-
0
23.S
]
12 11
0v
O c() = | -
-
240
23.S
]
12 1 (3670 x
-5
)
12 099996
119996v
ulscharglng
O c() =
-
0
23.S

12(1)
12v
O c() =
-
240
23.S

12(3670 x
-5
)
4404 x
-4
v














experiment Charging value Discharging value 5z
Single Capacitor
(R8kO)
1199v 6373 x
-3
v 159.8
Single
Capacitor(R1kO)
1193v 7270 x
-3
v 235
Capacitor in parallel 11066v 09336v 470
Capacitor in series 119996v 4404 x
-4
v

117.5








Discussion:

Capacitor has the ability to store an electrical charge and energy. The voltage across the
capacitor is related to the charge by the equation VQ/C Ior steady state value.
For the graph that we have plotted, we Iound that all the graph Ior charging will
approaching some value and become constant. The graph is likely approaching the value oI Vs.
That means the capacitor will Iully charged .From graph in single capacitor(R68kO), the
voltage become constant at t 180s and above .From graph that single capacitor in R 100kO
the graph become Iully charged at t 220s and above.
For the parallel arrangement capacitors, the voltage approaching at t340s and above. It a
diIIerent story Ior the capacitors that arrange in series, because it become Iully charged Iaster
than other .The capacitors become Iully charged at t100s and above.
Same Ior discharging case, the most Iaster get Iully charged will be the most Iaster to be
discharged . All oI the charging and discharging depends on the value oI t , which means that iI
the value oI the t small the capacitors will get Iully charged at a small time interval . and also
the arrangement oI the capacitors also inIluence the ability oI the capacitors to charged and
discharged .