REPUBLIC OF BOTSWANA

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT

BOTSWANA SOCIAL STUDIES ASSOCIATION

SOCIAL STUDIES NATIONAL MOCK EXAMINATION

SEPTEMBER 2018

FORM: 5 PAPER: 2

DURATION: 2 HOUR 30 MIN MARKS: 100

NAME: _______________________ SURNAME: _____________________________

CLASS: ___________
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Answer ALL questions.

2. Write your answers on the separate answer paper provided.

3. Write your name, surname and class on the space provided.

4. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question.

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1. a). Explain the importance of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). [6]

b). Explain three effects of population growth on the environment. [6]

c). Assess the role of Non-Governmental Organisation in conserving the environment
in Botswana. [8]

2. a). Explain three problems facing families in the world. [6]

b). Describe three gender disparities resulting from cultural practices in Botswana [6]
c). Examine the impact of changing family systems in Botswana [8]

3. a). Explain three significance of multi-ethnicity in nation building. [6]

b). Explain three problems that resulted because of the 1934 Native Administration
Proclamation in relation to the power of the Dikgosi. [6]

c). Discuss challenges encountered in Nation building. [6]

4. a). Explain three ways in which international citizens can be tolerated. [6]

b). Describe three roles of UN Charter of Human Rights in promoting citizenship. [6]
c). Evaluate the role of state to Batswana. [8]

5. a). Explain the importance of international Relations. [6]

b). Explain three ways in which corruption undermines economic development in

Botswana. [6]

c). Evaluate the role of state in promoting human resource development in Botswana. [8]

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 MARKING KEY PAPER 2

1. a). Explain the importance of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA).[6]

i. It promotes proper use of the environment; helps planners to identify problems that are
likely to result from proposed projects.
ii. It enhances the spirit of sustainable development; the environment will be used wisely,
only projects that are environmentally friendly will be implemented
iii. It ensures that the ecosystem is not interfered with negatively; measures will be put in
place to deal with or address the identified negative impact
iv. It promotes environmental awareness;
v. It enables planners to take the right measures to deal with expected environmental
problems
vi. It ensures that the views of the public are taken on board before implementing
development projects
vii. It protect other environmental users (animals and people)

1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion

b). Explain three effects of population growth on the environment. [6]

i. Shortage of farm land

ii. Over harvesting of veld products.
iii. Development of slams/squatter camps
iv. Pollution
v. Poaching

1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion

c). Assess the role of Non-Governmental Organisation in conserving the environment in

Botswana. [8]
i. They have educated people about the environmental care (how to use resources e.g.
Thusanyo Lefatsheng educating people on how to harvest natural resources)
ii. They have managed to guard against misguided projects especially those which are not
environmentally friendly e.g. dragging of the Boro river
iii. They have campaigned against over-use of natural resources
iv. Have advised government on projects relating to the environment

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 v. They have funded environmental projects
vi. They have done research on environmental conservation
vii. The have lobbied for conservation policies
viii. Did not give enough education to the communities
ix. Failed to reach rural population as they are located in urban areas
x. Some have abandoned projects due to misuse of allocated funds
1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion and conclusion
[2 negative + 2 position= 8 Marks]

2. a). Explain three problems facing families in the world.[6]

i. Divorce
ii. Poverty
iii. Natural disasters
iv. Wars
v. Diseases
vi. Property disputes
vii. Abuse e.g. spouse abuse
viii. Witchcraft
ix. Religious intolerance
1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion

b). Describe three gender disparities resulting from cultural practices in Botswana.
i. Inheritance: Only boys are allowed to inherit major property like land and cattle and the
surname. Girls are only given pots etc.
ii. Leadership: This was only reserved for males in most tribes in Botswana. They believe
that women cannot be good leaders
iii. Education: Only the boys were allowed to finish school, with girls there is a belief that
they would get married and be taken care of by their husbands. Separate schools for boys
and girls (Bogwera and Bojale)

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 iv. Provider in the family: Society strongly believes that it is the men who should provide
for the families. They should look for employment while the women stay at home to look
after children and cultivate the fields.
v. Division of labour: Boys and girls grow up knowing that they have different
responsibilities e.g. men do jobs that require muscles while girls do light jobs e.g.
cooking.
vi. Bereavement: e.g. mourning during death of a spouse it is only the women who are
required to put on a mourning dress for a certain period while men do not.
vii. Marriage: Payment of lobola by males only, change of surname by women, women also
had to change their residence after marriage. Polygamy; men could take in many wives.
viii. Setswana proverbs/sayings: e.g. Gadinke di etelelwakemanamagadipele, yamosimaneke
e nkgwe.
ix. Societal values; Sex preference (during child bearing) and child naming.

1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion

c). Examine the impact of changing family systems in Botswana. [8]

i. Nuclear family: changing from extended to nuclear family reduces family ties in that
these days’ people only associate only with their immediate family members.
ii. Extended family members no longer care for each other and this result in juvenile
delinquency, street children, destitute etc.
iii. Nuclear families are easily manageable since they are small and therefore lead to reduced
conflicts.
iv. Death of the spouses/decision not to marry/lack of marriage: gives rise to single parent
families and this compromises socialisation at family level. Socialisation is best done by
two parents.
v. Decision not to have children/lack of children: lack of children result in lack of care
during old age.
vi. Divorce: since one of the parents may abdicate his/her responsibilities and this may put
emotional stress, financial stress on the children and the available parent.
vii. Family headed by children: due to loss of parents this leads to juvenile delinquency,
leaves children to fend for themselves.
viii. Cohabitation: creates a feeling of anxiety and this may result in passion killings, may
bring legal battles due to breach of promise or inheritance.
ix. Gender inequality: this has helped to bring equality between men and women in the
running of the family, family roles are gender neutral.
x. Street kids: death of parents, negligence, abuse etc
xi. Destitution

1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion and conclusion

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 [2 negative + 2 position= 8 Marks]

3. a). Explain three significance of multi-ethnicity in nation building.[6]

i. Social harmony/unity
ii. Maintenance of law and order
iii. National conversion
iv. Instills a sense of peaceful co-existence
1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion

b). Explain three problems that resulted because of the 1934 Native Administration
Proclamation in relation to the power of the Dikgosi.[6]

i. Resident Commissioner had legal authority over Dikgosi: that is Dikgosi had to obey
his instructions
ii. Kgosi could not collect tax or tribute without permission of Resident Commissioner
iii. Kgosi would rule with the consent of Tribal Councils; no longer with the consent of his
morafe.
iv. Kgosi could be banished, suspended and appointed by Resident commissioner

1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion

c). Discuss challenges encountered in Nation building. [6]

i. Nepotism and favouritism

ii. Low levels of literacy
iii. Recognition of all groups
iv. Common language policy
v. Promotion and recognition of all languages
vi. Historical mistrust arising from past squabbles
vii. Poverty
viii. HIV/Aids
ix. Crime
x. Gender Inequality
xi. Illegal immigrants
xii. Corruption.
1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion and end result.

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4. a). Explain three ways in which international citizens can be tolerated.[6]

i. Batswana allow foreigners to eat their own types of food.

ii. Batswana allow foreigners to speak their languages.
iii. Batswana allow them to sing, dance songs of their own
v. They intermingle and intermarry Batswana
vi. Batswana allow them to work/ attend their events, etc.
1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion
b). Describe three roles of United Nations Charter of Human Rights in promoting
citizenship.[6]
i. By ensuring that people’s rights are not violated by reporting countries
ii. Campaigns against capital punishment
iii. Campaigns for the rights of minorities
iv. Advocates for political freedom/campaigns for transparency in elections
v. Campaigns against dictatorship
1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion
c). Evaluate the role of state to Batswana.[8]
i. Has improved the lives of citizens by providing health services like clinics and hospitals
ii. Have provided primary, secondary and tertiary education to develop manpower
iii. Has managed to provide transport and telecommunication networks e.g. in rural areas
iv. Has protected citizens from internal and external enemies e.g. through BDF and Police
v. Has managed to protect basic human rights of citizens e.g. right to life, right to health
vi. Has failed to create employment for all citizens
vii. Limited/not balanced distribution of resources to the people
viii. Limited tertiary education/ sponsorship for human resource development.
1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion and conclusion

[2 negative + 2 position= 8 Marks]

5. a). Explain the importance of international Relations.[6]

i. Helps in sustaining peace in the world/Unity; Mutual understanding on issues to

avoid war.
ii. Helps in opening routes for trade; Exchange of goods
iii. Assistance e.g. monetary and material aid (loans/grants and food)

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 iv. Promotes economic development
v. Cooperation; Common approach to world issues/goals e.g; Millennium Devt. Goals,
World peace, environmental conservation etc.
vi. Promotes exchange of skills/technology (cultural exchange)
vii. Gives room for conflict resolution through dialogue
viii. Human resource exchange; skill, knowledge and experiences.
1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion

b). Explain three ways in which corruption undermines economic development in

Botswana.[6]
i. Diverts investment e.g. when profit is not invested back but used for wrong purposes
ii. Collapse of sectors i.e. due to inappropriate use of funds
iii. Delays economic growth e.g. if profits are not invested back: money that is ear marked
for projects is going to be diverted and used for personal purposes by corrupt officials so
money will not be used for its intended purposes.
iv. Demoralises work force/frustrated work force: leads to low productivity
v. Investors are scared away because no investor wants to put their money where he/she is
going to loose it because of corruption.
vi. It inflates/prolongs the actual time which is spent on projects thus loosing both capital
and time.
vii. Increases the gap between the rich and the poor in that the rich powerful people will
continue to be rich at the expense of the less powerful poor people.
viii. Low quality projects: quality assurance measures not adhered to.
1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion

c). Evaluate the role of state in promoting human resource development in Botswana.[8]
i. Has provided 10 year basic education for Batswana e.g. Primary, and Junior Secondary
Education
ii. Has managed to establish more schools to train Batswana for jobs e.g. GIPS, NUT
iii. Has provided health facilities to ensure good health e.g. Clinics, hospitals/Has increased
Family planning education
iv. Has sent Batswana officers for further education e.g. to local schools and abroad
v. Failed to cater for most Batswana students at tertiary level/ limited sponsorship
vi. Poor education system provided/Low education standard
vii. Failed to balance the job demand with human resource
1 mark for identification of a point and 1 mark for expansion and conclusion
[2 negative + 2 position= 8 Marks]