HISTORY
CONTENTS
INDIAN HISTORY
ANCIENT INDIA : 1. Historical Sources 2. Pre-Historic Period 3. Harappan/Indus
Civilization 4. Vedic Period 5.II. Religious Movements 6. Maurya Period 7.I. Post
Maurya/Pre-Gupta Period 7.II. Period 9. Post-Gupta Period / Vardhana Dynasty.
MEDIEVAL INDIA : 10. Early-Medieval Period I. North India (Rajputa Period) II.
South India (Cholas & OTHERS) Period I. The Delhi Sultanate II. Vijayanagar &
Other Kingdoms 12. Religious Movements Sufi Movement 13. Mughal Period 14.
Maratha State & Maratha Confederacy 15. The advent of the eropeans.
MODERN INDIA : 16. Expansion of British Power (In the context of Bengal, Mysore,
Punjab etc.) 17. Rule 18. Socio-Religious Movements in 19th-20th Centuries 19.
Freedom Struggle I. The III. Extremist Phase IV. The Gandhian Era.
MISCELLANEOUS: Important Dates, Important Places, Important Foreign
Travellers/Envoys, Important Sayings, Important Battles, Reforms/ Acts, Educational
Session and Governor-Generals & Viceroys.
WORLD HISTORY
ANCIENT WORLD: Mesopotamian Civilization, Egyptian Civilization, Harappan
Civilization, Chinese Greek Civilization, Roman Civilization, Seven Wonders of Ancient
World.
MEDIEVAL WORLD : Medieval Europe (Feudalism, Crusades), Arab Civilization,
Medieval China, of Medieval World.
MODERN WORLD : Renaissance, Reformation,Geographical Discoveries, Glorious
Revolution, Revolution, French Revolution, Unification of Italy, Unification of
Germany, First Chinese Revolution, Turkish Revolution, Economic Depression of the
world : 1929-34, Germany, Militarism in Japan, Second World War.
MISCELLANEOUS: Important Dates, Association of places, Abbreviated or
Alternative Names,
INTRODUCTION
The study of past is called ‘HISTORY’
The english word bitistory , is derived from the Greek word ‘Historia’ meaning
research, inquiry or investigation. Thus knowledge acquired by investigation is
known as historia.
Fist historian of the world - Herodotus (484BC-425 BC ) He wrote a book name
“Histories” (Describe the background and events i of Greek-Persian / Greek-
Iranian war. First of all the Roman philosopher Cicero called him “The father
of History”.
CLASSIFICATION OF HISTORIC PERIOD
Pre-Historic Proto-Historic Historic
Pre-Historic: No written evidence is available.Eg. Lithic (stone) age
Proto-Historic: Written evidence is available but either their script has not been
deciphered.Eg. Indus civilization, Vedic culture.
Historic: The period for which written evidence is available.Eg. Mahajanapada period to
till Date.
1.Lithic Age/Stone Age
Classification:
NAME OF PERIOD LIFE STYLE IPLEMENTS( TOOLS &WEAPONS)
i) Paeolithic/old Hunters & food gathers Chopper, Hand Axe, cleavers,
stone age Blade tools
ii) Mesolithic age/ Hunters & herders Microlith implements
Middle stone age
iii) Neolithic/ New Food producer, pottery, Polished instruments
stone age Houses, clothes
iv) Chalco lithic age - Copper Instruments
IMPORTANT NOTES:
Discover of fire( first discover by human)- Paleolithic Age
Burial of the dead- Mesolithic age
First discovered etal by human-Copper
First discovered metal- Copper
Invention of wheel-Neolithic age
First temed animal by human-Dog
MEHERGARH CIVILIZATION (NEOLITHIC AGE)
Time Period: 7000 BC to 3000 BC
Year of Invention: 1974
Inventors: French archaeologist Jean Francois Jarrige & Richard Mido.
Place: Bank of bolan river, Bolan district, Baluchistan, Paistan.
Note: Mehergarh civilization first started cotton cultivation. First cultivated crops
by human- Wheat and barley was found from Mehergarh
