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ENGR 220 PRACTICE FINAL EXAMINATION M. Marcolongo Fall,2009 Name____________________________ Section_____________ You have two hours to complete the final exam. Feel free to use your calculator, periodic table and ruler. You must show all work for full credit. 1. (15%, 1% each) Please respond True or False to the statements listed below. Kindly write out complete word. RECORD YOUR ANSWERS ON THE SPACES GIVEN AT THE BOTTOM OF PAGES ONE AND TWO. (a) Fiberglass and window glass of the same composition have different mechanical properties because they are processed differently. (b) Interatomic separation distance is at an equilibrium level when the potential energy is equal to zero. (c) For a face centered cubic crystal structure, the relationship between lattice parameter, a, and atomic radius, R, is a=4R/ (3)1/2. (d) A solid solution can be formed when impurity atoms are added to a host material. (e) The delivery of insulin through an implanted hydrogel polymer catheter is an example of steady state diffusion. (f) An electron can exist as a particle and a wave. (g) Cross-linking of polymers gives them higher resistance to degradation by swelling.

Answers (True of False, write out complete word, please): a. ___________ b. ___________ c. ___________ d. ___________ e. ___________ f. ___________ g. ___________

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(h) Conductivity for metals increases with rising temperature. (i) The oxidation reaction for Fe(+2) is Fe Fe(+2) + 2 electrons and occurs at the anode. (j) Absorption of visible light can occur by two mechanisms: electric polarization and electron transitions. (k) A hard magnet has a greater degree of hysteresis than a soft magnet. (l) The melt temperature is the temperature where a material shows a change in stiffness from a brittle (glassy) modulus to a more compliant (rubbery) modulus. (m) If two metals are to be used adjacent to each other in an underwater application, a wise materials engineer would choose two metals that are far apart on the Galvanic series to limit the amount of corrosion. (n) Resistance is a material property, while resistivity is a design property. (o) Im ready to celebrate the holidays!

Answers to Problem 1, continued. h. ___________ i. ___________ j. ___________ k. ___________ l. ___________ m. ___________ n. ___________ o. ___________

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2. (20%) (a) (5%) Why is snow white even though ice is transparent?

(b) (15%) Zinc selenide has a band gap of 2.58 eV. Over what range of wavelengths of visible light is it transparent?

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3.

(15%) (a) (10%) Briefly describe magnetic hysteresis and explain why it occurs for ferromagnetic materials.

(b) (5%) Cite differences between hard and soft magnetic materials in terms of both hysteresis behavior and typical applications.

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4. (25 pts) (a) (10pts)Using band theory, explain why the conductivity of metals is higher than semiconductors and why the conductivity of semi-conductors is higher than ceramics.

(b) (15pts) At room temperature the electrical conductivity and the electron mobility for aluminum are 3.8 x 107 (ohm-m)-1 and 0.0012 m2/V-s, respectively. Compute the number of free electrons per cubic meter for aluminum at room temperature. What is the number of free electrons per aluminum atom? Assume a density of 2.7 g/cm3.