Engro Fertilizers
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Open loop Close loop
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Engro Fertilizers
Open Loop Control System
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Engro Fertilizers
Open Loop Control System
Definition
An open loop system is a control system where the output has no effect on the controlling action of the input system.
Example – Automatic Room Heating System
A simple example of an open loop system is a central heating system based on a timer. It is generally colder at night, so the central
heating system is programmed to turn on at 6pm and turn off a 6am.
Advantages
This system has a number of advantages:
o It requires very few components and is quick to program so, it will be cheaper than other systems to build.
o Due to its simplicity, it will likely have few, if any bugs.
o It is very predictable as it does the same thing over and over.
Disadvantages
This simple system has a problem though, when the conditions of the environment are unpredictable then it doesn’t perform as well:
o If it is a very cold day outside, then the system won’t adapt to the temperature change.
o If the central heating system turns on an heats up the room beyond the desired temperature then the system won’t turn off.
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Engro Fertilizers
Open Loop Control System
Definition
An open loop system is a control system where the output has no effect on the controlling action of the input
system.
Example – Batch system PM&S
Example – Car washing
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Engro Fertilizers
Closed Loop Control System
Definition
A closed loop control system is a mechanical or electronic device that automatically regulates a system to
maintain a desired state or set point without human interaction.
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Engro Fertilizers
Closed Loop Control System
Definition
A closed loop control system is a mechanical or electronic device that automatically regulates a system to
maintain a desired state or set point without human interaction.
A simple improvement to this system would be the use of a temperature sensor into the system that has a trigger
event – such as the temperature exceeding/dropping below a certain value. When the temperature drops below a
threshold set value the system power is turn on to full power and the room is heated up. When the room reaches
the desired temperature the heating system turns off. The output of the system is fed back as a input to the
system, creating a feedback loop. This simple type of closed loop system is known as a discrete closed loop
system.
