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The load chart should be consulted for every lift made by the crane. The only exception to this is lifts that duplicate exactly the conditions of the previous lift for which the load chart was checked. Too often when the crane collapses or tips over, the accident investigation reveals that the operator was attempting a lift that was completely off the load chart!
Overview
This section starts with a look at the various parts of the load charts and a description of how they are used to solve lift problems. Following this introduction to load charts are examples of solutions to typical lift problems where both net capacity and working radius are calculated. The section ends with additional lift problems on which to practice your skills.
Learning Objectives
2.1 At the end of this Load Charts section, you will be able to: 2.2 Identify the parts of the load chart and the function of each. 2.3 Understand the terms: working radius, gross capacity, and net capacity. 2.4 Identify the two main types of lift calculations. 2.5 Calculate net capacity for several types of cranes using a variety of configurations. 2.6 Calculate maximum working radius for several types of cranes using a variety of configurations.
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Notes - The notes which accompany the capacity chart are extremely important. They add exceptions and qualifications which are critical to understanding crane capacity and should never be ignored. The notes also describe crane attachments and configuration.
NOTES FOR LIFTING CAPACITIES
1. Do not exceed any rated lifting capacity. Rated lifting capacities are based on freely suspended loads with the machine leveled and standing on a firm supporting surface. Ratings with outriggers are based on outriggers being extended to their maximum position and tires raised free of crane weight before extending the boom or lifting loads. Practical working loads for each particular job shall be established by the user depending on operating condition to include: the supporting surface, wind and other factors affecting stability, hazardous surroundings, experience of personnel, handling of load, etc. No attempt must be made to move a load horizontally on the ground in any direction. 3. Operating radius is the horizontal distance from the axis of rotation before loading to the centerline of the vertical hoist line or tackle with loads applied. On Rubber lifting (if permitted) depends on proper tire inflation, capacity and condition. On Rubber loads may be transported at a maximum vehicle speed of .5 mi/hr (4 Km/hr) on a firm and level surface under conditions specified. Jibs may be used for lifting crane service only. Jib capacities are based on structural strength of jib or main boom and on main boom angle.
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Capacity Charts - give the maximum and minimum gross crane capacities across the full range of boom angles and crane configurations. Several capacity charts may be used for different working areas and for different jib and boom configurations.
ON OTRIGGERS FULLY EXTENDED - OVER SIDE Main Boom Length in Feet (Power Pinned Fly Retracted) 44 50 56 62 68 74 81
64,000 (74.5) 57,500 (71.5) 50,000 (67.5) 39,500 (60) 29,450 (52) 20,560 (43) 15,450 (31.5) 11,410 (13.5) 60,000 (76.5) 54,000 (74) 46,500 (70.5) 36,50 (64) 29,450 (57.5) 20,560 (50) 15,450 (42) 11,410 (32) 8,450 (18)
Radius in Feet
Pow Pin. 32 ft. Ext & 32 ft. Ext & er Fly & 81 ft. 81 ft. 104 ft.
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70,000 (69) 65,000 (65) 57,000 (59.5) 46,890 (48.5) 29,450 (35.5) 20,560 (14)
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68,000 (71.5) 62,500 (68) 55,000 (63) 43,000 (54) 29,450 (44) 20,560 (31)
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S ee Warning Note 4
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S ee Warning Note 5
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S ee Warning Note 6
51,000 (76) 43,900 (73) 34,500 (67.5) 28,100 (61.5) 20,560 (55.5) 15,450 (49) 11,410 (41.5) 8,450 (32.5) 6,630 (20.5)
49,000 (77.5) 41,900 (74.5) 32,700 (70) 26,500 (65) 20,560 (59.5) 15,450 (54) 11,410 (47.5) 8,450 (41) 6,630 (33)
40,000 (76.5) 31,400 (72) 25,300 (67.5) 20,560 (62.5) 15,450 (57.5) 11,410 (52.5) 8,450 (47) 6,630 (40.5)
38,600 (77.5) 30,000 (73.5) 24,200 (69.5) 20,000 (65.5) 15,450 (61) 11,410 (56.5) 8,450 (51.5) 6,630 (46)
28,700 (76) 23,100 (72) 19,000 (68) 15,450 (64.5) 11,410 (60) 8,450 (56) 6,630 (51.5)
20,000 (77) 17,750 (74.5) 15,600 (71.5) 13,100 (68.5) 10,990 (65.5) 8,750 (62)
17,500 (77.5) 15,400 (75.5) 13,700 (73) 12,200 (70.5) 10,800 (67.5) 8,970 (64.5)
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Range Diagram - indicate the range of boom lengths, boom angles, and crane configurations.
Miscellaneous Technical Data - Other charts included with the Load Chart give weights for hook blocks and related equipment.
JIB CAPACITIES IN POUNDS 24 ft. JIB and 32 ft, EXT Combination Min. Max. Main 0 0 Boom 5 17 300 Angle Offset Offset Offset 6,000 5,200 4,600 76 0 0 4,300 3,940 3,650 70 0 3,430 3,200 3,010 65 0 2,760 2,600 2,470 60 0 2,220 2,110 2,020 55
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The grid on a range diagram is marked off in feet from the origin; the vertical axis indicates distance above the boom heel, while the horizontal axis indicates distance from the cranes axis of rotation to the load line.
Math at Work 2 - Granite Construction
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Vectors
A vector is a line of a specific length extending from the origin at a specific angle. In the case of the range diagram the vector angle is the boom angle and the vector length is the boom length. The origin of the vector in a range diagram is the axis of rotation at the root of the boom (the center of the slewing gear). We often use vectors to give directions. For example, on open rangeland we might tell someone to drive southeast for five miles when they ask for the town of Deadwood.
A navigator in an airplane would interpret southeast as 1350 from due north. He would give the same directions as fly five miles on a heading of 1350.
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The diagram below shows the range of boom angles and boom lengths that are possible for the Grove TMS 300. Each combination of boom angle and boom length places the boom tip sheave at a unique location in space. Note that the for any particular boom length, the boom tip describes an arc from the lowest permissible boom angle to the highest permissible angle.
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