EI223WaterResourcesandTransportationEngineering2011/12byJosephOchiengDavidMtamba Date:13thDecember,2011 TUTORIALNO.1.WATERDEMANDESTIMATIONANDTANKSIZING ANewdistricthasbeencreatedbythePresident.ThedistrictTowninadryareainTanzaniaisfacingan acuteshortageofwaterforbothwatersupplyandlivestock.Theexistingboreholesaredryingupand arenotreliableforcingthesomeofthefamilymemberstomigratetootherlocationsduringsummer period.

To stabilize social economic status of these communities, Ministry of water and livestock developmenthasdecidedtowithdrawwaterfromanearbyriver34kmfromtheTownship.Youhave beenconsultedasanEnvironmentalEngineertodesignthewatersupplyinfrastructureofthescheme. Preliminarysurveyshowsthattheschemewillrequireastoragetankatacentralizedpositionontopof ahillwithamainwatersupplypipestoeachvillageandtotownship(i.e.4mainoutletpipes) ThePopulationoftheTownshipandnearbyruralvillageswascollectedfromrecordsWardofficersand villageofficersandareasbelow.Theregionalgrowthratewas3.8%perannum.SinceTownshipplans have not been prepared i.e. Other water demands cannot be established exactly. Design period=20 years,thedateofcommissioningofproject2014. Table1:Populationdata: Areaofsupply TOWNNSHIP TOWNSHIPWARDS(MTAA) WardA WardB WardC DATA2008 5350 3148 4252 12750 853 878 776 2507 15257

TOTAL RURALAREA VILLAGEAREA VillageA VillageB VillageC TOTAL Otherinformationavailable: Table2a:Typesofotherconsumption TypesofConsumption NormalRange(lit/capita/day) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 DomesticConsumption IndustrialandCommercialDemand PublicUsesincludingFireDemand LossesandWaste Livestockinruralareas Ruralpopulation Firefighting

Average %

65300 160 35 45450 135 30 2090 45 10 45150 62 25 500%ofNetwaterdemandforpopulation 25l/capita/day Assume4hoursofAveragehourlydemandfor3hours

Table2a:TypesofdomesticDemandcategory ULTIMATELONGTERMPLAN Demandcategory PublicTapPT %gedistribution Consumption (l/c/d) 25 LowclassLC 35 MCMediumclass HCHighclass 25 15

25

70

130

200

Table3.Peakfactors(MOW.2007)

Table4.0.DiurnalvariationinDemand Time Hr. factor Time Hr. factor

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

10

11

12

0.40

0.43

0.44

0.45

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.50

1.70

1.65

1.25 1.15

1.10

1.10

1.38

1.45

1.50

1.40

1.19

1.10

0.80

0.70

0.50

0.43

0.40

Questions(UseExcelspreadsheettofacilitateyourquickcalculationsandsavetimeifpossible) i. ii. iii. Estimatethewaterdemandforthedesignperiodof20years Estimatetheamountofwaterrequiredtobewithdrawnfromthewaterintake. Approximatethevolumeofcentralwaterstoragetankforthedistributionsystems