Redox Titration

Oxidation: a) addition of O b) Removal of H Reduction: a) addition of H b) Removal of O

1) determinations involving KMnO4 End point : colorless pink, persist for 30 sec Eg: KBr, H2O2,sodium perborate, benzoyl peroxide 2) direct titration with Iodine Indicator: starch Endpoint: blue colour Eg: arsenic trioxide,antimony sodium tartarate,acetarsol,sodium stibogluconate Ascorbic acid 3) Iodine sod thiosulphate titrations End point : color-colorless Eg: Iodine, sod.thiosulphate Back titration of excess iodine with sod.thiosulphate Eg: sod.sulphite, cloaxacillin, sod metasulphite

Release of iodine and titration with sod thiosulphate Eg: chloramines, cl.lime, cuso4, phenol, methyl hydrobenzoate 4) KI titrations KI is an strong o agent. its performed in alc, sat org acids Indicator: a) amaranth : red-yellow b) chloroform: colour-colourless Eg: sod diatrizoate

5) ammonium cerium sulphate titration Indicator: ferroin sulphate End point: orange green Eg: ferrous gluconate Reference: pharmaceutical analysis- berkett