tiu chun vit nam

tcvn 6282 : 2003

qui phm kim tra v ch to cc tu lm bng cht do ct si thy tinh

Rules for the Survey and Construction of Ships of Fibreglass Reinforced Plastics

chng 1 1.1 1.1.1 1 2 3 4 Qui nh chung Phm vi p dng

qui nh chung

Vic gim st v ch to cc tu cht do ct si thy tinh (sau y gi l "Tu FRP") phi theo qui nh ca Qui phm ny. Nhng qui nh ca Qui phm ny c p dng cho tu FRP c vng hot ng khng hn ch, tr tu du, c chiu di nh hn 35 mt, c hnh dng v t l kch thc thng dng. Kt cu thn tu, trang thit b v cc tr s tnh ton ca cc c cu thn tu FRP c vng hot ng hn ch c th c thay i thch hp ty theo iu kin khai thc. Nhng yu cu ca Qui phm ny c p dng cho tu FRP to hnh theo phng php th cng hoc phng php phun, dng nha polyeste khng bo ha v ct bng si thy tinh. Nhng tu g ch c bc bng FRP hoc nhng tu c kt cu tng t s khng c coi l tu FRP. Vi nhng tu FRP c hnh dng hoc t l kch thc khng thng dng, tu FRP dng chuyn ch nhng hng ha c bit, hoc tu FRP c to hnh theo phng php hoc bng vt liu khc vi qui nh -4 trn, th kt cu thn tu, trang thit b, vic b tr v kch thc phi c ng kim xem xt ring trong tng trng hp. Khng ph thuc vo nhng qui nh t -1 n -5 trn y, nhng tu FRP mang c Vit Nam phi tha mn qui nh tng ng ca cc Qui phm khc ca ng kim Vit Nam (sau y gi l ng kim). Thay th tng ng

1.1.2

Kt cu thn tu, trang thit b, vic b tr v kch thc khc vi qui nh trong Qui phm ny c th c ng kim chp nhn nu xt thy chng tng ng vi cc yu cu ca Qui phm ny. 1.1.3 K hiu cp tu

Tu FRP c phn cp v ghi vo s ng k vi k hiu ng k "Thn FRP" km theo k hiu phn cp qui nh 2.1.3 Phn 1A ca "Qui phm phn cp v ng tu bin v thp"- TCVN 6259 : 2003 (sau y gi l "Qui phm ng tu v thp"). 1.2 1.2.1 nh ngha Phm vi p dng

Nu khng c qui nh no khc, cc thut ng theo nh ngha di y c dng trong Qui phm ny. 1.2.2 Chiu di ca tu 7

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 1

Chiu di tu (L) l khong cch tnh bng mt, o trn ng nc ch hng thit k ln nht qui nh 1.2.7 (2), t cnh trc ca sng mi n cnh sau ca tr li nu tu FRP c tr li hoc n ng tm ca trc bnh li nu tu FRP khng c tr li. Tuy nhin, nu tu FRP c ui tun dng th L c nh ngha nh trn hoc bng 96% chiu di ton b o theo ng nc ch hng thit k ln nht, ly tr s no ln hn. 1.2.3 Chiu rng ca tu

Chiu rng ca tu (B) l khong cch nm ngang tnh bng mt, gia cc mt ngoi ca lp v o mt trn ca lp boong trn mn, ti phn rng nht ca thn tu. 1.2.4 Chiu cao mn ca tu

Chiu cao mn ca tu (D) l khong cch thng ng tnh bng mt, t mt di ca lp y hoc t giao tuyn ca mt di ca lp y vi mt phng dc tm ca tu (sau y gi l im chn ca D) n mt trn ca lp boong trn, o mn, ti trung im ca L. 1.2.5 Phn gia tu

Phn gia tu l phn thuc 0,4L gia tu, nu khng c qui nh no khc. 1.2.6 Cc phn mt tu

Cc phn mt tu tng ng l cc phn thuc 0,1L tnh t mi mt tu. 1.2.7 ng nc ch hng v ng nc ch hng thit k ln nht

(1) ng nc ch hng l ng nc ng vi mi tr s mn kh qui nh Chng 20. (2) ng nc ch hng thit k ln nht l ng nc ng vi trng thi ton ti. 1.2.8 Chiu chm ch hng v chiu chm ch hng thit k cao nht

(1) Chiu chm ch hng l khong cch thng ng tnh bng mt, o t mt trn ca ky y n ng nc ch hng. (2) Chiu chm ch hng thit k cao nht (d) l khong cch thng ng tnh bng mt, o t mt trn ca ky y n ng nc ch hng thit k ln nht ti im gia ca L. 1.2.9 1 Boong mn kh

Boong mn kh thng l boong lin tc trn cng. Tuy nhin, nu c nhng l khot khng c phng tin ng thng xuyn phn l ca boong lin tc trn cng hoc nu c nhng l khot khng c phng tin ng kn nc thng xuyn mn tu di boong th boong mn kh l boong lin tc di boong . nhng tu c boong l thin gin on th ng thp nht ca boong y v phn ko di ca ng thp nht ny song song vi phn boong bn trn s c coi l boong mn kh. Boong tnh ton

1.2.10

Boong tnh ton mt phn ca chiu di tu l boong trn cng phn m lp v c a ln ti. Tuy nhin, vng thng tng, tr thng tng h khng tham gia vo bn dc, th boong tnh ton l boong ngay di boong thng tng. 1.2.11 Ct si thy tinh

Ct si thy tinh l nhng tm si thy tinh bm (sau y gi l tm si bm), nhng tm vi si thy tinh th (sau y gi l vi si th) v si thy tinh th (sau y gi l si th) dng lm ct cho FRP c ch to t cc si di. 8

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 1

1.2.12 Nha

Nha l nha polyeste lng khng bo ha dng dt v to v. 1.2.13 T l pha trn

T l pha trn l t s trng lng cht lm cng v cht xc tc trn trng lng ca nha. 1.2.14 Dt

Dt l cng ngh t lin tip cc ct si thy tinh tm nha trc khi x l hoc trc khi dt lp bo dng. 1.2.15 Lin kt

Lin kt l cng ngh ni FRP c bo dng s b vi cc c cu khc bng FRP, g, bt nha cng, v.v... bng cch tm ct si thy tinh vi nha. 1.2.16 To hnh

To hnh l cng ngh ch to sn phm FRP c hnh dng, bn, v.v... xc nh bng cch dt hoc lin kt. 1.2.17 Kt cu mt lp

Kt cu mt lp l kt cu gm mt tm FRP c to hnh bng ct si thy tinh v nha. 1.2.18 Kt cu nhiu lp

Kt cu nhiu lp l kt cu gm nhng lp FRP ghp vo c hai mt ca vt liu li nh bt nha cng, nha, g (k c g dn), v.v... 1.2.19 To hnh bng phng php th cng

To hnh bng phng php th cng l phng php tm nha vo ct si thy tinh bng th cng. 1.2.20 To hnh bng phng php phun

To hnh bng phng php phun l phng php to hnh bng cch dng cc thit b phun, phun lin tip nha vo ct si thy tinh. 1.3 1.3.1 Nhng qui nh chung v kt cu thn tu v trang thit b p dng Qui phm ng tu v thp

Sng ui, bnh li, my li, ct v trang thit b phi ph hp vi qui nh cc Phn tng ng ca Qui phm ng tu v thp. 1.3.2 n nh

n nh ca tu FRP phi tha mn yu cu Phn 10 ca Qui phm ng tu v thp -TCVN 6259 -10 : 2003. 1.3.3 Tu khch

Ngoi nhng yu cu ca Qui phm ny, kt cu thn tu, trang thit b, vic b tr v kch thc cc c cu ca tu khch phi c xem xt ring theo c im thit k, ng thi phi quan tm n s tha mn cc Cng c Quc t v cc Qui nh ca Quc gia ni tu c ng k. 9

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 1

1.3.4 1 Kch thc

Kch thc cc c cu thn tu qui nh trong Qui phm ny c p dng cho cc tu FRP to hnh bng ct si thy tinh bao gm tm si bm v vi si th v to hnh bng FRP c bn qui nh t (1) n (4) sau y, nhng khng k lp nha ph: (1) (2) (3) (4) bn ko: M un n hi ko: bn un: M un n hi un: 10 700 15 700 kg/mm2 kg/mm2 kg/mm2 kg/mm2

Vi kt cu v mt lp, kch thc cc c cu qui nh trong Qui phm ny c th c thay i bng cch nhn vi h s cho (1) v (2) sau y nu c to hnh bng FRP c bn ln hn qui nh -1 trn. (1) i vi chiu dy, h s c tnh theo cng thc sau y:

15
Trong : B : bn un ca FRP, xc nh bng cch th vt liu qui nh 4.4.4 (kg/mm2). (2) i vi m un chng un (k c m dun chng un ca tit din ngang thn tu) h s c tnh theo cng thc sau y:

10
Trong : T : bn ko ca FRP, xc nh bng cch th vt liu qui nh 4.4.4 (kg/mm2). 3 4 Khi tnh ton kch thc c cu cc lp ca kt cu nhiu lp, m un n hi un ca kt cu lp trong hoc lp ngoi c th c xc nh bng cch th vt liu qui nh 4.4.4 (kg/mm2). Trong tnh ton m un chng un ca c cu phi k n cc lp FRP (mp km) rng 150 mi-li-mt hai bn tm thnh ca c cu. Kt cu kiu m

1.3.5 1

Chiu dy ti thiu ca tm thnh v tm mt ca sng, x boong, sn, ngang y, v.v... kiu m rng hoc kiu m c li to hnh phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cc cng thc sau y: Chiu dy tm thnh: 0,034d0K (mm) (mm) Chiu dy tm mt: 0,05bK Trong : d0 : Chiu cao tit din tm thnh (mm). b : Chiu rng tm mp (mm). K = 1,0. Tuy nhin, nu m un chng un tit din ca c cu ln hn tr s qui nh th K c tnh theo cng thc sau y:

ZR ZA
Trong : ZR : M un chng un tit din c cu theo qui nh. ZA : M un chng un tit din thc ca c cu. 2 3 10 Li to hnh c th c tnh vo bn ca c cu theo s tha thun vi ng kim. Kch thc ca cc c cu khc phi theo yu cu ca cc Chng c lin quan.

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 1

1.3.6 1 2 3 4 Kt cu nhiu lp

Li ca kt cu nhiu lp to thnh mt tm phi l loi li mt lp. Chiu dy ca li phi khng ln hn 25 mi-li-mt. Tuy nhin, cu to ca cc loi li khc phi theo nhng qui nh ring ca ng kim. T s ca chiu dy lp ngoi v lp trong ca FRP phi khng nh hn 0,8. Nu t s chiu dy ca lp ngoi v lp trong nh hn 0,8 th kt cu phi c ng kim xem xt c bit. Li c th c tnh vo bn theo s tha thun vi ng kim. Kch thc ca cc c cu khc phi theo yu cu ca cc Chng c lin quan. Trng lng ca ct si thy tinh v chiu dy ca lp v

1.3.7 1

Chiu dy ca cc lp gia cc tm si bm hoc vi si th c th c tnh theo cng thc sau y:

WG WG WG + 10 R G 1000 G 1000 R
Trong : WG : Trng lng thit k ca mt n v din tch tm si bm hoc vi si th (g/m2). G : Dung lng thy tinh ca lp (t s trng lng) (%). R : T trng ca nha c x l. G : T trng ca tm si bm hoc vi si th. 2 3 4 5 Dung lng thy tinh (G) qui nh -1 trn l tr s tnh theo tng phn lp ca mt lp. Tuy nhin, dung lng ny c th c ly bng dung lng trung bnh ca thy tinh trong ton lp. Nu khng c qui nh no khc, t trng ca tm si bm hoc vi si th (G) nu -1 trn c th c ly bng 2,5 khi tnh ton chiu dy lp v. T trng ca nha c x l (R) nu -1 trn khi tnh ton chiu dy c th ly bng 1,2, tr khi c nhng cht n lm cho nha nng hn. Vic tnh ton chiu dy ca lp c ct si thy tinh khng phi l tm si bm hoc vi si th phi theo nhng qui nh ring ca ng kim.

11

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 2

Chng 2 2.1 1 2 3 Qui nh chung

kim tra phn cp

Ngoi nhng qui nh trong Chng ny, vic kim tra phn cp i vi tu FRP phi theo nhng qui nh Phn 1B ca Qui phm ng tu v thp. Khi gim st tu FRP c chiu di di 20 mt, danh mc, phm vi v mc kim tra c th c thay i thch hp nu c ng kim chp nhn. Trong t kim tra hng nm ln th hai sau khi ch to, phi tin hnh kim tra bn trong cc kt nhin liu ch to bng FRP. Kim tra phn cp trong qu trnh ch to Qui nh chung

2.2 2.2.1 1

Khi kim tra phn cp trong qu trnh ch to, thn tu, trang thit b, my mc, trang b phng v pht hin chy, phng tin thot nn, trang b cha chy, thit b in, n nh v mn kh phi c kim tra chi tit khng nh rng chng tha mn yu cu trong cc Chng c lin quan. V nguyn tc, cm vic lp t mi vt liu c cha a mi ng. Cc bn v v h s phi trnh duyt

2.2.2 1

i vi tu FRP, kim tra phn cp trong qu trnh ch to, trc khi bt u gia cng, cc bn v v h s lit k t (1) n (3) sau y phi c trnh ng kim xt duyt: (1) Thn tu : (a) Danh mc v c tnh ca cc nguyn liu; (b) Bn v b tr chung; (c) Bn v kt cu mt ct ngang vng gia tu (th hin cc tit din ngang ti khoang hng, bung my v vng kt mn, nu c, ghi r cc thng s lin quan n phn cp v chiu chm ch hng); (d) Bn v kt cu mi tu v ui tu, sng mi v sng ui; (e) Bn v tr li v bnh li (k c cc vt liu v vn tc ca tu); (f) Bn v kt cu mt ct ngang (th hin kt cu ca vch kn nc, chiu chm ch hng, kch thc m, cc tit din ngang ca tu 0,1L v 0,2L tnh t mi v ui tu); (g) Bn v kt cu boong (th hin b tr v kt cu ca ming khoang, x ngang u ming khoang, v.v...); (h) Bn v kt cu y (y n, y i); (i) Bn v kt cu vch kn nc v vch kn du (ghi r v tr cao nht ca kt v v tr nh ca ng trn); (j) Bn v kt cu vch mt thng tng (gm c kt cu ca ca); (k) Bn v kt cu b ni hi, b my chnh, b chn, b gi trc trung gian, b my pht v b ca cc my ph quan trng khc (ghi r cng sut, chiu cao v trng lng ca my chnh, v tr ca cc bu lng b my); (l) Bn v thit b li (th hin cc chi tit kt cu v vt liu); (m) Qui trnh dt lp v v cc chi tit lin kt. (2) My tu: Cc bn v v h s lin quan n my mc qui nh 2.1.2-1 (2), Chng 2 Phn 1B ca Qui phm ng tu v thp. (3) Cc bn v v h s khc nu ng kim xt thy cn thit.

2.2.3 12

Cc bn v v h s phi trnh tham kho

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 2

1 thc hin gim st trong qu trnh ch to, cng vi nhng bn v v h s phi trnh duyt yu cu 2.2.2, phi trnh cc bn v v h s sau y tham kho: Bng k cc hng mc; Cc giy chng nhn th vt liu FRP qui nh Chng 4; Qui trnh to hnh; Cc bn tnh v s liu v bn v kt cu; Nu cc ng nc ch hng c k theo yu cu ca Chng 20 th phi trnh cc bn v v h s qui nh 2.1.3-1 (4) Chng 2 Phn 1B ca Qui phm ng tu v thp. (6) Nu s dng vt liu c cha a mi ng, th phi trnh h s v v tr v cc thng tin chi tit khc. 2 Cc bn v v h s khng qui nh -1, c th s phi trnh nu ng kim xt thy cn thit. Kim tra trong qu trnh ch to (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

2.2.4 1 2

kim tra phn cp trong qu trnh ch to, vic kim tra phi c thc hin tt c cc bc ca cng vic to hnh t khi bt u n khi kt thc. ng kim vin s c mt kim tra cc bc cng vic lin quan n thn tu sau y : (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) Khi th nghim vt liu FRP qui nh Chng 4; Trong qu trnh to hnh nu c ng kim ch nh; Khi th nghim bn ca FRP qui nh Chng 4; Khi to hnh lin kt (v d v bao vi boong); Khi vt liu hoc phn vt liu khng c ch to ti hin trng c lp ln tu FRP; Khi th thy lc v th kn nc; Khi th ng di; Khi ng kim xt thy cn thit.

3 4

i vi cc cng vic lin quan n my mc v thit b, ng kim vin s phi c mt theo yu cu 2.1.5, Chng 2 Phn 1B ca Qui phm ng tu v thp. Tr trng hp khi th ng di, cc bc cng vic m ng kim vin phi c mt theo yu cu -2 c th c thay i theo thc trng ca cc thit b ch to, kh nng k thut v h thng kim tra cht lng ca xng ng tu. Kim tra phn cp nhng tu khng c ng kim gim st trong qu trnh ch to Qui nh chung

2.3 2.3.1 1

Khi kim tra phn cp nhng tu FRP ch to khng c s gim st ca ng kim, phi o cc kch thc thc ca cc b phn chnh ca tu, kim tra thn tu, trang thit b, my mc, trang b phng v pht hin chy, phng tin thot nn, trang b cha chy, thit b in, tnh n nh v mn kh theo yu cu nh i vi t kim tra nh k tng xng vi tui ca tu. Vi nhng tu FRP nh kim tra phn cp nh qui nh -1 trn, phi trnh duyt nhng bn v v h s nh yu cu i vi kim tra phn cp trong qu trnh ch to.

13

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 3

Chng 3

xng ch to

3.1 3.1.1

Qui nh chung Phm vi p dng

Nhng yu cu Chng ny p dng cho xng ch to tu FRP v cc thit b ca xng. 3.1.2 Xng ch to

Cc xng ch to tu FRP mang cp ca ng kim phi trnh cc s liu chi tit v cc thit b ca phn xng to hnh v kho cha nguyn liu ng kim vin kim tra. 3.2 3.2.1 1 2 3 Phn xng dt B tr v trang b ca phn xng dt

Phn xng dt phi c b tr thnh cc phn khu sao cho chng tch bit nhau trong qu trnh thc hin cng ngh dt. Phn xng dt phi c b tr sao cho trnh c s xm nhp ca gi, bi v m t, v.v... Thit b v cch b tr chng trong phn xng dt phi hp l v mt vn chuyn nguyn liu v qu trnh dt, v.v... Phng tin thng gi

3.2.2

Khi lp t cc phng tin thng gi cho phn xng dt phi xem xt k lng sao cho khng gy nh hng xu n vic bo dng cc lp. 3.2.3 iu ha nhit

Phn xng dt phi c thit b iu ha nhit gi nhit trong phng thch hp vi vic s dng nha trong cng ngh dt. 3.2.4 1 2 m tng i

Trong phn xng dt m tng i phi c duy tr thch hp trong qu trnh cng ngh dt. Nu cn, phi c thit b ht m. Che chn

3.2.5

Ca ly nh sng v ca s ca phn xng dt phi c phng tin che chn thch hp cho lp dt khng b nh sng mt tri di trc tip. 3.2.6 Thit b ht bi

Phn xng dt phi c thit b ht bi thch hp lm sch bi trong qu trnh cng ngh dt. 3.3 3.3.1 Kho nguyn liu Thit b v b tr kho

Thit b v b tr ca kho nguyn liu phi hp l vi vic bo qun v vn chuyn nguyn liu. 14

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 3

3.3.2 Kho nha, v.v...

Nha, cht lm cng v cht xc tc phi c bo qun ni mt m v ti. 3.3.3 Kho ct si thy tinh

Ct si thy tinh phi c ct gi ni kh v khng c bi.

15

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Chng 4

vt liu ch to thn tu

4.1 4.1.1

Qui nh chung Phm vi p dng

Nhng yu cu trong Chng ny p dng cho FRP v cc nguyn liu ch to chng. Cc vt liu kim loi phi theo yu cu Phn 7A ca Qui phm ng tu v thp. 4.1.2 Nguyn liu ch to cc kt cu c bn

Ct si thy tinh, nha ch to cc lp, vt liu li ch to kt cu nhiu lp ca tu FRP phi c kim tra vi s c mt ca ng kim vin v phi c c ng kim chp nhn, tr nhng nguyn liu c ng kim cng nhn theo cc yu cu 4.2. 4.2 4.2.1 Cng nhn Cng nhn cc nguyn liu

Theo yu cu ca x nghip ch to nguyn liu, ng kim s kim tra cc vt liu c s dng, phng php ch to, cc tiu chun kim tra trong xng, h thng kim tra cht lng, v.v... i vi cc nguyn liu c lit k t (1) n (3) sau y v thc hin nhng th nghim v kim tra theo qui nh trong Chng ny trn nhng mu th c ng kim ch nh. Nu cc mu th t yu cu ca cuc th v kim tra th chng c coi l nhng vt liu c cng nhn: (1) Ct si thy tinh; (2) Nha ch to lp v; (3) Vt liu li ch to kt cu nhiu lp. 4.2.2 Tip tc cng nhn

Mun c tip tc cng nhn, x nghip ch to nguyn liu phi c kim tra nh k vi khong thi gian khng di qu mt nm theo cc yu cu (1) v (2) sau y: (1) Kim tra cc vt liu c s dng, phng php ch to, cc tiu chun kim tra trong phn xng, h thng kim tra cht lng, v.v... (2) Th nghim v kim tra theo ch nh ca ng kim. 4.2.3 Hy quyt nh cng nhn

Nu vt liu c cng nhn ri vo mt trong cc trng hp t (1) n (3) sau y th quyt nh cng nhn do ng kim cp s b hy b: (1) Nu cc vt liu c s dng, phng php ch to, tiu chun kim tra trong xng, cht lng ca h thng kim tra, v.v... tnh trng xu hn so vi tnh trng lc c cng nhn v t ra khng t yu cu. (2) Nu vt liu c cng nhn khng t yu cu ca t kim tra nh k theo qui nh. (3) Nu khng thc hin kim tra nh k theo qui nh. 4.3 4.3.1 Nguyn liu, v.v... Th nghim v kim tra ct si thy tinh

16

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

1 Cc th nghim v kim tra qui nh 4.1.2 i vi ct si thy tinh dng ch to kt cu thn tu FRP phi theo cc yu cu t -2 n -4 sau y. Trong trng hp ny, qui trnh th v kim tra phi c ng kim chp nhn. Cc tm si bm phi c th nghim v kim tra theo danh mc lit k t (1) n (5) sau y: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 4 Hnh dng bn ngoi; Trng lng mt n v din tch v s sai lch ti a ca trng lng ; T s trng lng cc cht kt dnh cn d (k c cc cht b); bn un v m dun n hi un ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun); bn ko v m un n hi ko ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun). Hnh dng b ngoi; Trng lng mt n v din tch v s sai lch ti a ca trng lng ; T s trng lng ca cht b cn d; bn ko ca si thy tinh; bn un v m un n hi un ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun); bn ko v m un n hi ko ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun).

Vi si th phi c th nghim v kim tra theo danh mc lit k t (1) n (6) sau y:

Si th to hnh bng phng php phun phi c th nghim v kim tra theo cc danh mc lit k t (1) n (5) sau y: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Hnh dng b ngoi; Trng lng mt n v din tch v s sai lch ti a ca trng lng ; T s trng lng ca cht b cn d; bn un v m un n hi un ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun); bn ko v m un n hi ko ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun). Th v kim tra nha dt

4.3.2

Nhng th nghim v kim tra qui nh 4.1.2 i vi nha to lp dng ch to kt cu thn tu FRP phi c thc hin theo cc danh mc lit k t (1) n (9) sau y. Qui trnh th nghim v kim tra phi c ng kim chp nhn. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) 4.3.3 nht v tnh ng cht; Thi gian ng cng, thi gian x l ti thiu v nhit pht nhit cc tr; Tr s A xit; ht nc ca mu th c; dn di v bn ko ca mu th c; Nhit chu ti ca mu c; cng Barcol ghi nhn t mu th lp; bn un v m un n hi un ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun); bn ko v m un n hi ko ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun). Cc cht n

V cc cht n trn vi FRP tng cc c tnh nh tnh chng mn, tnh chu la, v.v..., cc s liu lin quan n mc ch s dng, chng loi cht n, liu lng s dng, v.v... phi c trnh ng kim xem xt. 4.3.4 Cht lm cng v cht xc tc

Loi v liu lng s dng cc cht lm cng v cht xc tc phi c la chn thn trng sao cho thch hp vi nha to lp v to v cng, phi c pha trn ng lc khng gy nhit cc b qu mc.

17

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

4.3.5 1 Th nghim v kim tra vt liu li ch to kt cu nhiu lp

Nhng cng vic th nghim v kim tra qui nh 4.1.2 i vi vt liu li ch to kt cu nhiu lp ca thn tu FRP phi theo cc qui nh t -2 v -3 sau y. Trong trng hp ny, qui trnh th v kim tra phi c ng kim chp nhn. Bt nha cng phi c th v kim tra theo danh mc lit k t (1) n (7) sau y: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) T trng; bn nn v m un n hi nn; mm; ht nc; bn ko v m un n hi ko (ch khi li c tnh vo bn ko); bn un v m un n hi un (ch khi li c tnh vo bn un); bn ct ghi nhn t mu th nhiu lp.

Li phi c th v kim tra theo danh mc lit k t (1) n (3) sau y: (1) T trng v dung lng m; (2) bn nn v m un n hi nn dc th; (3) bn ct ghi nhn t mu th kt cu nhiu lp.

G v g dn phi c th v kim tra theo danh mc t (1) n (4) sau y : (1) (2) (3) (4) bn nn v m un n hi nn; bn ko v m un n hi ko (ch khi g ca g dn c tnh vo bn ko); bn un v m un n hi un (ch khi g hoc g dn c tnh vo bn un); bn ct ghi nhn t mu th kt cu nhiu lp. G v g dn dng ch to kt cu c bn

4.3.6 1 2 3

G v g dn dng ch to kt cu c bn phi khng c mu, nt, mc v khuyt tt khc v phi c nhng c tnh thch hp vi mc ch s dng. G v g dn dng ch to kt cu c bn phi kh. G dn ch to kt cu c bn phi l g dn kt cu c ng kim cng nhn. Li to hnh

4.3.7 1 2

Li to hnh cc sn, dm dc, v.v... phi c tnh chu du, chu Styren v chu nc v phi kt dnh cht c vi nha Polyeste. Nu li to hnh c tnh vo bn th n phi c th nghim bn ko v m un n hi ko hoc bn un v m un n hi un. Tuy nhin, nu c s liu trnh ng kim th c th khng cn cc th nghim ni trn. FRP Qui nh chung

4.4 4.4.1

Cc th nghim vt liu v th bn ca FRP dng ch to kt cu thn tu FRP (k c cc lp FRP v tm nhiu lp FRP) phi theo cc yu cu ca Chng ny. 4.4.2 Th v kim tra FRP

FRP phi c th theo cc yu cu 4.4.4 v 4.4.5 vi s c mt ca ng kim vin. 4.4.3 18 Min th vt liu v th bn ca FRP

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

1 Vi chic tu cng loi c ch to ti cng mt xng, mc d nhng yu cu 4.4.2, c th min th vt liu v th bn ca FRP nu nguyn liu c s dng, phng php ch to, tiu chun kim tra xng, cht lng ca h thng kim tra, v.v... c ng kim cng nhn. Tuy nhin, vi nhng tu c chiu di trn 20 mt, vic th nghim bn ca FRP s khng c min tr. FRP c min th theo qui nh -1 trn l FRP c ng kim cng nhn l c to hnh bng cng mt phng php dt v to hnh vi FRP c giy chng nhn th vt liu FRP theo cc yu cu 4.4.4. Th vt liu FRP

4.4.4 1 2

Th vt liu FRP l nhng th nghim v kim tra FRP c tin hnh trc khi bt u to hnh FRP. Mu th vt liu FRP phi c ct t FRP c cng cu to lp (tr lp v), c to hnh bng cng mt phng php ti cng mt xng nh ca cc lp thn tu thc. Mu th phi c th v kim tra theo cc danh mc lit k (1) v (2) sau y. Qui trnh th v kim tra phi c ng kim chp nhn: (1) Lp FRP (k c lp FRP ngoi cng ca kt cu nhiu lp); (a) Chiu dy to hnh; (b) cng Barcol; (c) Dung lng thy tinh (t s trng lng); (d) bn un; (e) M un n hi un; (f) bn ko; (g) M un n hi ko. (2) Kt cu nhiu lp (a) Chiu dy to hnh ca kt cu nhiu lp; (b) bn ko ca kt cu nhiu lp khi li c tnh vo bn ko. Trong trng hp ny, phi ly cc mu th c cc lin kt vi li; (c) bn ct ca kt cu nhiu lp nu li c tnh vo bn un, phi ly mu th c cc lin kt vi li.

Th nghim vt liu FRP phi c thc hin t nht l vi cc c cu lit k t (1) n (4) sau y. Vi cc c cu khc ch cn th vt liu FRP khi cc kch thc b thay i theo yu cu 1.3.4-2. (1) (2) (3) (4) Lp bao y; Lp bao mn; Lp boong trn; Vch (ch khi l kt cu nhiu lp).

Cc kt qu th nghim vt liu FRP lit k t (1) n (10) sau y phi c trnh cho ng kim: (1) Tn gi ca ct si thy tinh, nha dt, li ca kt cu nhiu lp; (2) Tn gi v lng cht n c dng; (3) Tn gi v lng cht lm cng v cht xc tc c dng; (4) Qui trnh v iu kin to hnh; (5) Hng dn ly cc mu th; (6) Ngy to hnh v th mu; (7) Ni th v iu kin mi trng ni th; (8) Loi my th; (9) Hnh dng v kch thc mu th; (10) Cc kt qu th nghim.

5 6

Nu khng c qui nh no khc, s lng mu th nghim vt liu FRP phi bng 5. Tr s trung bnh ca 3 tr s nh hn ly t 5 mu th ny c coi l kt qu th. Kt qu th vt liu FRP phi khng nh hn bn qui nh 1.3.4 cho cc lp FRP v phi khng nh hn cc tr s nhn c t cc th nghim qui nh 4.2.1 v 4.3.5 cho cc kt cu nhiu lp. 19

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

4.4.5 1 2 Th bn ca FRP

Th bn ca FRP gm nhng th nghim v kim tra thc hin sau khi hon thnh tu FRP. Cc mu th c ct t cc lp v cc kt cu nhiu lp ly t cc lp thn tu thc hoc cc lp v cc kt cu nhiu lp tng ng phi qua cc th nghim v kim tra theo danh mc qui nh 4.4.4-2 v -3. Ngoi ra, qui trnh th, v tr chn mu th phi c ng kim chp nhn. Cc kt qu th bn ca FRP phi trnh cho ng kim l cc kt qu th bn ca FRP theo danh mc qui nh 4.4.4-3 v cc v tr chn mu th. S lng mu th bn ca FRP v cch xc nh kt qu th phi theo qui nh 4.4.4-5. Nu kt qu th bn ca FRP nh hn cc kt qu th vt liu FRP qui nh 4.4.4 th kt cu phi c gia cng thch ng.

3 4 5

20

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 5

Chng 5 5.1 5.1.1 Qui nh chung Phm vi p dng

to hnh

Nhng yu cu ca Chng ny c p dng cho trng hp m FRP c to thnh bng phng php th cng hoc phng php phun. Cc phng php to hnh khc vi hai phng php ni trn phi c ng kim xem xt v chp nhn trong tng trng hp. 5.1.2 Gim st phng php to hnh

Cng vic to hnh FRP phi c thc hin di s gim st ca chuyn gia c nhiu kinh nghim. 5.1.3 X l sau khi to hnh

Hnh to c cha c x l y phi trnh iu kin mi trng gy tr ngi cho vic x l hu hiu. Vic x l nhit cao sau khi to hnh, nu c d nh, phi c ng kim chp nhn. 5.1.4 Mang hnh to

Sau khi tho khi khun, hnh to phi c mang bng phng tin thch hp. 5.1.5 T l pha trn

T l pha trn gia cht lm cng v cht xc tc phi c xc nh thch hp c c FRP c cht lng tt c xt n cc iu kin mi trng ca phn xng dt nh nhit , m tng i... v thi hn s dng ca nha. 5.1.6 Cng ngh th cng

Trc khi to hnh phi xem xt chi tit theo danh mc lit k t (1) n (4) sau y v vic to hnh phi c tin hnh trn c s ca nhng kim tra : (1) (2) (3) (4) 5.1.7 1 2 3 iu kin mi trng ca phn xng dt, h thng iu khin v thi gian x l nha, Qui trnh cng ngh v qu trnh cng ngh c lp trnh, Chng loi, phng php ct, phn ph ln cc mi ni, chun b mp, s lng lp ct si thy tinh, Chng loi, s lng, lng pha trn trong mt ln v qui trnh pha trn nha c dng. iu kin mi trng ca phn xng dt

Trong qu trnh dt, nhit phi c gi thch hp vi nha c s dng. Tuy nhin, nhit phi khng thp hn 150C. Trong qu trnh dt nn gi m khng thp hn 60% nhng khng cao hn 80%. Phn xng dt phi c gng sch bi, vt v dng v khi c hi. Lp nha ph

5.1.8 1 2

Nha ph phi c bc hoc phun u. Chiu dy tiu chun ca lp nha ph phi bng khong 0,5 mi-li-mt. To hnh c cu

5.1.9

21

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 5

C cu nn c to hnh theo mt khi vi lp thn tu trc khi x l. Tuy nhin, c cu c to hnh ring r c th c gn vi lp thn tu. 5.1.10 Lm sch bng ct

Nu mt ngoi ca lp FRP c nh bng ct th phi lu sao cho ct si thy tinh mt c nh bng ct khng b h hi nng. 5.1.11 Mp ct ca lp

Mp ct ca lp, ca l t bu lng, v.v... phi c ph kn bng nha khng l ct si thy tinh. 5.1.12 1 2 Tho khun

Cng vic tho khun phi c tin hnh cn thn khng gy bin dng d v lm h hi cc lp thn tu. Sau khi tho khun, cc lp thn tu phi c trn mt din tch rng sao cho chng ch chu ti trng phn b u. To hnh bng phng php th cng Mi ni cc ct si thy tinh

5.2 5.2.1

Cc ct si thy tinh phi c t sao cho c t mi ni nht. Phn ct si thy tinh ph ln mi ni phi khng nh hn 50 mi-li-mt. Cc ng tm ca chng hai lp ct si thy tinh k tip phi cch nhau t nht l 100 mi-li-mt. 5.2.2 Kh kh

Khi dt, sau khi ct si thy tinh c tm nha, cc bt khng kh trong nha phi c kh bng nhng trc ln kh kh hoc nhng bn xoa cao su. Tuy nhin, nha khng nn b p qu ng v hm lng thy tinh phi c gi thch hp. 5.2.3 Hm lng thy tinh

Khi dt, hm lng tiu chun ca thy tinh (t s trng lng) phi xp x bng 30% i vi tm si bm v 50% i vi vi si th. Phi dt ng u trnh tha hoc thiu nha tng ch. Trng lng cht n ca vi si th phi bng t 25% n 65% ca tng trng lng thy tinh. Tuy nhin, nu dng ct si thy tinh c bit th trng lng phi c ng kim chp nhn. 5.2.4 Dt

Nu qu trnh dt b gin on, nh trng hp dt nhng tm v dy, v.v... th nha khng c parafin phi c dng cho lp th nht ca cc lp tip theo c t ti din tch v phi thn trng khng li lp nha qu tha. 5.2.5 Dt lp sau cng

Khi dt lp sau cng phi c bin php hu hiu x l mt ngoi. 5.3 5.3.1 1 2 22 To hnh bng phng php phun Thit b phun

Thit b phun phi c ng kim cng nhn. Thit b phun phi l loi to c FRP c hm lng thy tinh, c tnh, v.v... ng u.

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 5

3 Vic to hnh bng thit b phun phi do nhng ngi th to hnh c tay ngh thc hin. To hnh cc c cu c bn

5.3.2

Nu phn tm si bm ca c cu c bn ca thn tu c to hnh bng phng php phun th phng php phi c ng kim xt duyt. 5.4 5.4.1 1 2 To hnh kt cu nhiu lp Li

Nu li gm bt nha cng c ng tm bng inh th phi thn trng sao cho li khng b dp, b lch v khng c nhng khuyt tt khc do ng inh. Gia cc li, khe h phi khng ln hn 1mi-li-mt. Nu g Balsa c dng lm li th phi thn trng Balsa c tm u vi nha. Khong cch gia cc lp Balsa phi khng ln hn 4 mi-li-mt. X l mt li

5.4.2

Trong to hnh kt cu nhiu lp, mt li phi c x l thch ng cho lp FRP c gn cht vi li. 5.5 5.5.1 1 2 3 4 5 Gn v ghp Gn

Vic gn phi c thc hin sau khi chun b tt, nh mt gn phi c nh bng ct, c kh sch du v bi ct. Phi thn trng ct si thy tinh khng b ny ngc. Phi thn trng khng c bin dng do pht nhit qu mc. Phi thn trng bn khng b gin on cc lin kt. Lin kt T v lin kt L phi c to hnh ti hin trng. Ghp

5.5.2 1

Nu cc lp c lin kt vi nhau hoc nu cc chi tit kim loi c gn vi cc lp th c th dng cc cch ghp c kh. Trong trng hp ny, cc chi tit ghp nh bulng, inh tn, inh c, v.v... phi bng kim loi khng b nc bin n mn hoc phi c bo v chng han g tt. Chi tit ghp c kh phi c gng t vung gc vi cc lp v l ghp phi c ph kn bng nha. Bulng

5.5.3 1 2

Khong cch t tm l t bulng n mp ca lp phi khng nh hn ba ln ng knh l ca bulng. Khong cch gia cc l t bulng phi khng nh hn ba ln ng knh ca l. Nu dng bulng th phi t vnh m ln mt lp. Lin kt cc lp ca kt cu nhiu lp

5.5.4

Nu dng bulng, inh vt, inh tn, v.v... xuyn qua kt cu nhiu lp c li bng bt nha cng th g hoc g dn kh phi c t xen vo cc phn li t trc. 5.5.5 Kt cu kn nc

Nu dng cc chi tit ghp c kh nh lin kt bulng, v.v... nhng ch cn phi kn nc th phi c bin php thch hp m bo tnh kn nc. 23

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 5

5.6 5.6.1 1 2 3 4 5 Lin kt ghp Lin kt ch T

Chiu rng cc phn chng ln ca lin kt ch T ca c cu phi theo qui nh Hnh 5.1. Trong lin kt ch T ca kt cu nhiu lp, chiu dy tng cng ca lp trong v lp ngoi ca FRP c th c dng l chiu dy (t) m t Hnh 5.1. Hnh dng dt ca lin kt ch T c m t Hnh 5.2 (a) v (b). Vi cc c cu nh b my, vch, v.v... chu ti trng ln hoc b chn ng mnh, lin kt ca chng phi c xem xt thn trng c cu c t ln nhng lp c chiu dy tng cng nh m t Hnh 5.3 (a). Vi nhng c cu khng phi l c cu nu -4, ngha l vi nhng c cu khng chu ti trng c bit ln hoc chn ng mnh, khi lin kt chng vi cc c cu khc phi t xen bt nha hoc nhng vt liu tng t khc vo gia cc c cu v lp nh m t Hnh 5.3 (b) hoc cc gc phi c dt bng cch bt nha mm hoc nhng vt liu tng t khc nh m t Hnh 5.3 (c). Lin kt L

5.6.2

Lin kt L thng khng c dng trong cc c cu c bn. Tuy nhin, nu bt buc phi dng lin kt L v kh thc hin lin kt ch T th phi c bit quan tm n kt cu ca lin kt ny. 5.6.3 1 2 Lin kt gip mp

lp v khng c dng lin kt gip mp. Tuy nhin, trong sa cha, v.v..., nu phi dng lin kt cc b th lin kt phi c vt mp. Trong lin kt gip mp cc lp boong, khng c dng cc lin kt khc ngoi cc lin kt vt mp kiu ch V hoc kiu ch X.

24

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 5

Tt

t'

Khng nh hn 8t

Khng nh hn 6t hoc 40 mm ly tr s no ln hn

t l chiu dy ca lp chng mi ni nhng khng nh hn t/2

Hnh 5.1

Kch thc phn chng ca lin kt ch T

Bt nha dt theo gc ln

Khng Khng Khng nh nh nh hn hn hn 25mm 25mm 25mm

(a) ng nt lin l cc lp tm si bm, ng nt t l lp vi si th. (b) Cc lp vi si th khng trm ln nhau. (c) Lp th nht v lp sau cng phi l lp tm si bm.

Hnh 5.2 (a)

Trng hp tm si bm v vi si th c dng lin kt 25

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 5

Bt nha dt theo gc ln

Khng nh hn 25 mm

Khng nh hn 25 mm

Hnh 5.2 (b)

Trng hp dng tm si bm

ch lin kt vi c cu lp v c tng chiu dy

Hnh 5.3 (a)Trng hp c cu chu ti trng hoc chn ng 26

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 5

Bt nha, v.v... c t xen gia c cu v cc lp

Tm ph

Tm trong

Hnh 5.3 (b)

Dng chun ca lin kt ch T

Dt bng bt nha, v.v...

Hnh 5.3 (c)

Dng chun ca lin kt ch T 27

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 6

Chng 6

bn dc

6.1 6.1.1

bn dc M un chng un ca tit din ngang thn tu

M un chng un tit din on gia ca thn tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

CL2Bw(Cb + 0,7)
Trong :

(cm3)

C : H s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, trong mi trng hp phi khng nh hn 44. 0,4L + 36 Bw: Khong cch nm ngang t mt ngoi bn ny n mt ngoi bn kia ca lp v mn o ng
nc ch hng thit k ln nht (m). Cb: Th tch chim nc ng ch hng thit k ln nht chia cho LBwd. 6.1.2 M men qun tnh ca tit din ngang 4,2ZL (cm4)

M men qun tnh ca tit din ngang on gia tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y: Trong : Z : M un chng un ca tit din ngang qui nh 6.1.1 (cm3). Tuy nhin, vi tu FRP c y n, nu L/D nh hn 12,0 th khng cn phi tnh m men qun tnh. 6.1.3 Tnh ton m un chng un ca tit din ngang

Vic tnh ton m un chng un ca tit din ngang thn tu phi theo cc yu cu t (1) n (4) sau y : (1) Cc c cu dc di boong tnh ton, lin tc trn on di 0,5L gia tu phi c a vo tnh ton. Cc c cu dc pha trn boong tnh ton c coi l hu hiu i vi bn dc c th c a vo tnh ton. (2) M un chng un ly i vi boong tnh ton bng m men qun tnh quanh trc trung ha nm ngang ca tit din ngang chia cho khong cch thng ng t trc trung ha n mt trn ca x ngang boong tnh ton mn hoc n mt trn ca cc c cu dc pha trn boong tnh ton nu cc c cu c a vo tnh ton theo qui nh (1). M un chng un ly i vi y l m men qun tnh ni trn chia cho khong cch thng ng t trc trung ha n im chn ca D, hoc n y ca ky nu ky c kt cu kiu m. (3) G hoc g dn kt cu phi c a vo tnh ton bng cch nhn din tch tit din vi t s ca m un n hi ko ca vt liu tng ng trn m un n hi ko ca FRP. (4) Nu li ca kt cu nhiu lp hoc li ca hnh to c a vo tnh ton bn dc th din tch tit din ca li nhn vi t s ca m un n hi ko ca li chia cho m un n hi ko ca FRP s c a vo tnh ton. Nu c mi ni ca li 0,5L gia tu th nhng s liu v bn dc v v cc mi ni phi c trnh cho ng kim xt duyt. 6.1.4 S lin tc ca bn dc

Cc c cu tham gia vo bn dc phi sao cho kt cu thn tu gi c tnh lin tc ca bn dc.

28

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 7

Chng 7

lp v

7.1 7.1.1

Qui nh chung Phm vi p dng

Cc kch thc ca lp v qui nh trong Chng ny c p dng cho lp v l kt cu mt lp hoc kt cu nhiu lp. 7.2 7.2.1 1 2 Lp v gia y Kt cu v kch thc

Lp v gia y phi c gng lin tc t mi tu n ui tu. Chiu rng hoc chiu rng o theo mt y v chiu dy ca lp v gia y trn sut chiu di tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cc cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, trong mi trng hp chiu dy phi khng nh hn chiu dy ca lp v y k cn. Chiu rng hoc chiu rng o theo mt y khng cn phi ln hn 0,2B. Chiu rng hoc chiu rng o theo mt y : Chiu dy : 530 + 14,6L 9 + 0,4L (mm) (mm)

7.3 7.3.1

Lp v bao on gia tu Lp mn l kt cu mt lp

Chiu dy ca lp mn l kt cu mt lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

15S d + 0,026 L
Trong : S : Khong cch sn (m). 7.3.2 Lp y l kt cu mt lp

(mm)

Chiu dy ca lp y l kt cu mt lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

15,8S d + 0,026 L
Trong : S : Khong cch sn (m). 7.3.3 1 Lp v l kt cu nhiu lp

(mm)

Tng chiu dy ca lp trong, lp ngoi v li ca kt cu nhiu lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cc cng thc sau y ly tr s no ln hn :

C1S (d + 0,026 L) C2 t f

(mm) (mm)

Trong : tf : Chiu dy trong trng hp l kt cu mt lp qui nh 7.3.1 hoc 7.3.2 (mm). S : Khong sn (m).

C1: H s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

C3
29

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 7

a : bn ct ca kt cu nhiu lp xc nh bng th nghim qui nh 4.2.1 hoc 4.3.5-2 (7), -3

(3) hoc -4 (4) (kg/mm2). C2 v C3 : c cho Bng 7.1, vi cc tr s trung gian ca a v b th C2 v C3 c xc nh theo php ni suy tuyn tnh. Bng 7.1 Cc tr s ca C2 v C3
0,5 1,24 1,19 2,40 0,6 1,20 1,15 2,46 0,7 1,16 1,12 2,52 0,8 1,14 1,10 2,57 0,9 1,12 1,08 2,62 1,0 1,10 1,07 2,67

C2

= 0,8 = 1,0
C3

0,2 1,62 1,54 2,18

0,3 1,42 1,36 2,26

0,4 1,31 1,25 2,33

Trong : : Chiu dy ca lp ngoi hoc lp trong chia cho chiu dy no ln hn. : Tng chiu dy ca lp ngoi v lp trong chia cho chiu dy ca li.

2 Mc d nhng yu cu -1, chiu dy tng ng ca lp trong v ca lp ngoi ca kt cu v nhiu lp phi

khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, trong mi trng hp chiu dy ny phi khng nh hn 2,4 mi-li-mt:

3,63 C4 S 4 ( d + 0,026 L) 4
Trong :

(mm)

S : Khong cch sn (m). C4: H s tnh theo cng thc sau y : 4 1 Ec 1 C4 = tc E f c Ef : M un n hi un ca lp trong hoc lp ngoi qui nh 1.3.4 (kg/mm2). Ec : M un n hi nn ca li xc nh bng th nghim qui nh 4.2.1, 4.3.5-2 (2), -3 (2) hoc 4(1) (kg/mm2). c : bn nn ca li xc nh bng th nghim qui nh 4.2.1, 4.3.5-2 (2), -3 (2) hoc -4(1) (kg/mm2). tc : Chiu dy ca li (mm). 7.4 7.4.1 1 2 3 Lp v bao cc on mt Chiu dy ca lp v bao cc on mt

Ra ngoi on gia tu, chiu dy ca lp v bao c kt cu mt lp c th gim dn. cc on mt, chiu dy ny c th bng 0,85 chiu dy lp v bao on gia tu. ngoi on gia tu, lp v bao c kt cu nhiu lp phi c cng kt cu nh on gia tu. nhng vng chu ti trng cc b nh p sut chn vt, v.v... lp v bao phi c gia cng thch ng. on y gia cng mi tu

7.4.2

on y gia cng mi tu l phn y phng pha trc ca v tr qui nh (1) hoc (2) sau y. y phng l y m dc o tit din ngang tng ng (xem Hnh 7.1) khng ln hn 15o. (1) Nu V /

L khng ln hn (2) Nu V / L ln hn

1,5 : 1,5 :

0,25L tnh t mi tu 0,3L tnh t mi tu

30

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 7

Trong V l tc thit k tnh bng hi l/gi m tu c y trn c th t c vi cng sut lin tc ln nht trn nc tnh iu kin ti tng ng vi ng nc ch hng thit k ln nht (sau y trong Qui phm ny gi l "iu kin ton ti").

ng tm tu

dc ca y

ng thng nm ngang i qua y ca lp v y hoc giao im ca ng tm tu vi phn ko di ca y ca lp v y

Hnh 7.1

dc ca y

7.4.3 1

Lp v bao on y gia cng mi tu

Chiu dy lp v bao on y gia cng mi tu c kt cu mt lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

CS L

(mm)

Trong : C : H s c cho Bng 7.2. Vi cc tr s trung gian ca th C c tnh theo php ni suy tuyn tnh. Bng 7.2 Tr s ca C 1,4 6,37 1,6 6,62 1,8 6,75 2,0 6,81

1,0 5,36

1,2 5,98

S : Khong cch sn, khong cch cc sng hoc khong cch cc np dc ca v ly tr s no nh

hn (m). : Khong cch sn, khong cch cc sng hoc khong cch cc np dc ca v bao (m), ly tr s no ln hn chia cho S. 2 Chiu dy ca lp v bao on y gia cng mi tu kt cu nhiu lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc 7.3.3-1. Tuy nhin, khi p dng cng thc ny, C3 c ly bng 1,8 ln tr s cho trong Bng 7.1 v tf l chiu dy ca lp v qui nh 7.3.3-1. nhng tu FRP c chiu di nh hn 20 mt v V nh hn 14 hi l/gi hoc nhng tu FRP c ng kim coi l chiu chm mi, chiu dy qui nh -1 v -2 c th c gim thch ng. 7.5 7.5.1 Lp v bao mn ca thng tng Chiu dy ca lp v

Lp v bao mn ca thng tng phi theo cc yu cu (1) v (2) sau y: 31

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 7

(1) Chiu dy ca lp v bao mn ca thng tng 0,25L tnh t mi tu, chiu dy ca lp v bao mn ca thng tng mi l hoc thng tng ui l phi khng nh hn chiu dy ca v bao mn ti vng . (2) Chiu dy ca v bao mn ca nhng thng tng khng qui nh (1) c th bng 0,8 chiu dy ca lp v bao mn ti vng . 7.6 7.6.1 Gia cng cc b lp v bao Gia cng lp v bao c l lun neo v lp v bao k cn

Lp v bao mn v cc lp v khc c nguy c tip xc vi neo v xch neo, v.v... phi c gia cng thch ng.

32

tcvn 6259 : 2003, Chng 8

Chng 8

boong

8.1 8.1.1 1 2

Qui nh chung p dng

Cc yu cu ca Chng ny c p dng cho kt cu v kch thc ca boong to hnh bng FRP. Nhng boong nh boong g, boong lm bng vt liu khng phi l FRP phi theo qui nh ca ng kim. Kt cu v kch thc ca boong qui nh Chng ny c p dng cho boong c kt cu mt lp hoc nhiu lp. Tnh kn nc ca boong

8.1.2

Tr trng hp c ng kim chp nhn c bit, boong phi l kt cu kn nc. 8.1.3 Tnh lin tc ca boong

Nu boong trn thay i cao th s thay i phi c thc hin bng boong dc dn dn hoc cc c cu to thnh boong phi c ko di v c lin kt hu hiu vi nhau bng nhng bin php thch hp. 8.2 8.2.1 1 Chiu dy ti thiu ca boong Chiu dy ca boong kt cu mt lp

Trong h thng kt cu dc, chiu dy ca lp boong trn on gia tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:
15S h

(mm)

Trong : S : Khong cch cc x dc (m); h : c qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2). 2 Trong h thng kt cu ngang, chiu dy ca lp boong trn on gia tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :
18,2 S h Trong : S : Khong cch cc x ngang (m); h : c qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2).

(mm)

Chiu dy ca lp boong trn ngoi on gia tu v chiu dy ca cc lp boong khc phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :
13S h

(mm)

Trong : S : Khong cch cc x dc hoc x ngang (m); h : c qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2). 8.2.2 1 Chiu dy ca lp boong kt cu nhiu lp

Chiu dy tng cng ca lp trong, lp ngoi v li ca kt cu nhiu lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cc cng thc sau y ly tr s no ln hn:

C1Sh

(mm) 33

tcvn 6259 : 2003, Chng 8 C2 t f

(mm) Trong : S : Khong cch cc x dc hoc cc x ngang (m); h : c qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2); tf : Chiu dy ca lp boong kt cu mt lp qui nh 8.2.1 (mm); C1 v C2 : Nh qui nh 7.3.3-1. 2 Cc chiu dy tng ng ca lp trong v lp ngoi ca boong kt cu nhiu lp, mc d cc yu cu -1, phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, trong mi trng hp, chiu dy phi khng nh hn 2,4 mi-li-mt.

3,63 C4 ( Sh) 4

(mm)

Trong : S : Khong cch cc x dc hoc x ngang (m). h : Nh qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2). C4 : Nh qui nh 7.3.3-2. 8.2.3 1 Ti trng boong h

Ti trng boong cha hng, v.v... c qui nh t (1) n (3) sau y: (1) i vi boong cha hng ha v d tr, h phi bng 0,7 chiu cao ni boong o mn, tnh bng mt, t boong n boong trc tip pha trn (t/m2) hoc bng trng lng hng trn mt n v din tch boong (t/m2), ly tr s no ln hn. (2) Nu hng ha c cha boong thi tit th h phi bng trng lng hng ha trn mt n v din tch boong (t/m2) hoc tr s qui nh -3, ly tr s no ln hn. (3) i vi boong cha loi hng ha rt nh, h c th c thay i thch hp.

2 3

Vi nhng boong ch dng cho sinh hot hoc boong ca khu vc hng hi v vi boong lu di, h c ly bng 0,46 (t/m2). Vi boong thi tit, h c qui nh (1) v (2) sau y: (1) Vi boong thi tit, vng pha trc ca 0,3L tnh t mi tu: 0,051L + 0,46 (2) Vi boong thi tit, vng pha sau ca 0,3L tnh t mi tu: 0,027L + 0,46

8.3 8.3.1 1 2

Gia cng cc b boong Gia cng cc b v c l khot ln

Chiu dy lp boong vng gc l khot ln phi c tng thch ng. Gc l khot phi c ln trn thch hp. V tr cc l khot

8.3.2

Khong cch t mn tu hoc t mp ming khoang n l khot phi khng nh hn 1,5 ng knh l khot. Tuy nhin, nu khong cch ny cn phi c ly nh hn tr s th phi gia cng bi thng thch ng. 8.3.3 Nhng boong c nguy c b mn

34

tcvn 6259 : 2003, Chng 8

Nhng lp boong c nguy c b mn do ti trng nng, v.v... phi c bo v thch ng chng mn bng bin php tng chiu dy hoc c lp ph. 8.3.4 Boong chu ti trng nng

Nhng phn boong chu ti trng nng nh my mc trn boong, v.v... phi c tng chiu dy hoc phi c gia cng thch ng.

35

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 9

Chng 9

sn

9.1 9.1.1 1 2

Qui nh chung p dng

Nhng yu cu ca Chng ny c p dng cho kt cu v kch thc ca sn c to hnh bng FRP. Vi nhng tu FRP c nhng khoang qu di hoc c ming khoang qu rng, cng ngang ca thn tu phi c tng thch ng bng cch tng kch thc ca sn hoc t nhng sn khe b sung. Sn vng kt su

9.1.2

bn ca sn vng kt su phi khng km bn ca np vch kt su. 9.2 9.2.1 1 2 Kt cu Kt cu ca sn

Sn phi c kt cu sao cho khng b mt n nh ngang. Vi nhng tu c chiu di nh c th dng lp v bao mn c kt cu dng sng thay th cho kt cu sn thng thng. Li ca sn

9.2.2 1 2 9.3 9.3.1 1 2

G dng lm li ca sn phi rt kh, khng c mt. phi thn trng sao cho g bc trong FRP khng b mc. Bt nha dng lm li phi l loi khng ht m. Khong cch sn Khong cch sn

Khong cch chun ca sn bng 500 mi-li-mt. pha trc ca 0,2L tnh t mi tu v ngn ui khong cch sn phi khng ln hn 500 mi-li-mt. Trng hp khong cch sn qu ln

9.3.2

Nu khong cch sn bng hoc ln hn 750 mi-li-mt th phi c bit quan tm n kt cu v kch thc ca cc kt cu c bn ca thn tu. 9.4 9.4.1 1 Sn Kch thc ca sn ngang

M un chng un tit din ca sn ngang pha sau ca 0,15L tnh t mi tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y: 32Shl2 Trong : S : Khong cch sn (m). (cm3)

36

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 9 l : Khong cch thng ng t mt trn lp y trn hoc t mt ngang ca y n mn n mt trn ca x ngang boong, ti mn (m). Vi nhng sn pha sau ca 0,25L tnh t mi tu, l c o gia tu.Vi nhng sn t 0,25L n 0,15L tnh t mi tu, l c o 0,25L tnh t mi
tu. h : Khong cch thng ng t mt di ca l ch c o n im d + 0,026L (m) cao hn im chn ca D. Tuy nhin, nu khong cch nh hn 0,5D (m) th h c ly bng 0,5D (m). 2 M un chng un ca sn ngang pha trc ca 0,15L tnh t mi tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y : 37,5Shl2 (cm3) Trong : S, h v l : Nh c qui nh -1. Tuy nhin, l phi c o 0,15L tnh t mi tu. 9.4.2 1 Dm dc mn

M un chng un tit din ca dm dc mn di boong trn ti on gia tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y : 49Shl2 (cm3) Trong : S : Khong cch cc dm dc (m). h : Khong cch thng ng t dm dc n im d + 0,026L (m) cao hn im chn ca D (m). Tuy nhin, nu khong cch nh hn 0,5D th h phi c ly bng 0,5D (m). l : Khong cch gia cc vch ngang hoc khong cch gia cc sn khe, nu c, hoc khong cch t vch ngang n sn khe, k c chiu di ca cc lin kt mt (m).

Ra ngoi on gia tu, m un chng un tit din ca dm dc mn c th c gim dn v pha cc mt tu v ti mt c th c ly bng 0,85 tr s tnh theo cng thc -1 trn. Tuy nhin, m un chng un tit din ca dm dc mn pha trc ca 0,15L tnh t mi tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc 1 trn. Sn khe dm dc mn

9.4.3

Nu mn tu c kt cu theo h thng dc th sn khe dm dc mn phi c t cch nhau khng qu 2,4 mt. Tuy nhin, kt cu v kch thc ca sn khe phi c ng kim xem xt. 9.4.4 Kt cu kiu m

Ngoi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, kch thc ca sn khe kt cu theo kiu m phi tha mn cc yu cu 1.3.5.

37

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 10

Chng 10

kt cu y

10.1 10.1.1 1 2

Qui nh chung p dng

Nhng yu cu trong Chng ny c p dng ch yu cho y n. Nu y c kt cu tng phn hoc ton phn theo kt cu y i th y i phi theo cc yu cu 10.6, v thm vo , cc c cu y i phi c kt cu c bit thn trng. Sng chnh Kt cu v kch thc

10.2 10.2.1 1 2

Sng chnh phi c gng i sut t vch mi n vch ui. Chiu dy ca tm thnh sng chnh phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, ra ngoi on gia tu, chiu dy ny c th gim dn v pha cc mt ca tu v on mt ca tu chiu dy ny c th bng 0,85 tr s yu cu on gia tu: 0,4L + 4,7 (mm)

Chiu rng v chiu dy ca tm mp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc tng ng sau y. Tuy nhin, ra ngoi on gia tu, din tch tit din tm mp c th c gim dn v pha cc mt ca tu v cc on mt tu c th c ly bng 0,85 tr s on gia tu. Chiu dy: Chiu rng: 0,4L + 4,7 4L + 30 (mm) (mm)

4 5 6

Tm thnh ca sng phi i ln n nh ca ngang y hoc sng ngang y. Trong bung my chiu dy ca tm thnh v tm mp ca sng chnh phi khng nh hn 1,25 ln cc tr s tng ng qui nh -2 v -3. nhng tu m ky y kt cu theo kiu m c chiu cao, c th khng cn phi t sng chnh. Sng ph V tr cc sng ph

10.3 10.3.1

Nu chiu rng ca tu nh ngang y ln hn 4 mt th cc sng ph phi c b tr theo khong cch thch hp. 10.3.2 1 Kt cu v kch thc

Chiu dy tm thnh ca sng ph on gia tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, ra ngoi on gia tu, chiu dy ny c th gim dn v pha cc mt tu v on mt tu chiu dy ny c th bng 0,85 tr s on gia tu. 0,3L + 3,5 (mm)

Chiu dy tm mp ca sng ph phi khng nh hn chiu dy tm thnh v chiu rng ca tm mp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, ra ngoi on gia tu, din tch tit din tm mp c th c gim dn v pha cc mt ca tu v cc on mt tu c th bng 0,8 din tch on gia tu.

38

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 10

3,2L + 24 3 (mm)

Chiu cao tit din ca sng ph ti cc mt ca sng phi i ln n nh ca ngang y hoc sng ngang y. Sng ph trong bung my

10.3.3

Chiu dy ca tm thnh v tm mp ca sng ph trong bung my phi khng nh hn chiu dy tm thnh v tm mp sng chnh tng ng qui nh 10.2.1-2 v -3. 10.4 10.4.1 1 ngang y V tr v kch thc

Nu y c kt cu theo h thng ngang th ngang y phi c t mi mt sn v kch thc ca ngang y phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, trong mi trng hp chiu dy ca tm ngang y phi khng nh hn 4 mi-li-mt. Chiu cao tit din ngang y ng tm tu : 62,5b (mm) Trong : b : Khong cch nm ngang gia cc mt ngoi ca lp v bao mn o mt trn ca ngang y (m). (mm) Chiu dy ca tm ngang y: 0,4L

Ra ngoi on 0,5L gia tu chiu dy ca tm ngang y c th c gim dn v pha cc mt tu v on mt ca tu c th cn bng 0,9 chiu dy qui nh -1 trn. Tuy nhin, ngang y on y gia cng mi tu phi theo cc yu cu 10.7.2. Cc ngang y di my chnh v chn phi c chiu cao v phi c kt cu c bit vng chc. Chiu dy phi khng nh hn chiu dy tm thnh sng chnh tnh theo cng thc 10.2.1-2. M un chng un tit din ca ngang y

10.4.2 1 2

Chiu dy ca tm mp cnh trn ca ngang y phi khng nh hn chiu dy tm thnh ti ch ca ngang y. M un chng un tit din ca ngang y phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y: 15,4SDb2 Trong : S : Khong cch cc ngang y (m). b : Nh qui nh 10.4.1-1. (cm3)

M un chng un tit din ca ngang y di b my chnh phi khng nh hn 1,5 tr s qui nh -2 trn. ngang to thnh mt phn ca vch

10.4.3

Tm ngang to thnh mt phn ca vch, cng vi nhng qui nh Chng ny, phi theo cc yu cu i vi vch kn nc qui nh Chng 13 v i vi kt su qui nh Chng 14. 10.5 10.5.1 Dm dc y Kt cu

Dm dc y phi i lin tc qua ngang y hoc phi lin kt vi ngang y sao cho c bn chng un v chng ko. 39

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 10

10.5.2 Khong cch gia cc dm dc y

Khong cch chun gia cc dm dc y bng 500 mi-li-mt. 10.5.3 M un chng un tit din ca dm dc y 55,6Shl2 (cm3)

M un chng un tit din ca dm dc y phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y: Trong : l : Khong cch gia cc sng ngang y (m). S : Khong cch gia cc dm dc y (m). h : Khong cch t dm dc y dn im d + 0,026L (m) cao hn im chn ca D (m). Tuy nhin, nu khong cch nh hn 0,5D (m) th h c ly bng 0,5D (m). 10.5.4 Sng ngang y dm dc y

Nu y c kt cu theo h thng dc th sng ngang y dm dc y phi c t theo khong cch khng ln hn 2,4 mt. Sng ngang y phi c t theo mi sn khe v phi c kch thc khng nh hn qui nh 10.4.1 v 10.4.2. 10.6 10.6.1 1 2 3 y i Qui nh chung

Nu y c kt cu tng phn hoc kt cu ton phn theo kt cu y i th kch thc ca cc c cu phi theo yu cu t 10.6.2 n 10.6.6. Lp y di ng o phi c tng chiu dy hoc phi c bo v bng cc bin php thch hp chng h hi do thanh o gy ra. Chiu dy ca cc ngang y v sng y kn nc, kch thc ca cc np gia cng ngoi phi theo cc yu cu tng ng i vi ngang y v sng y, ngoi ra cn phi theo cc yu cu i vi kt su qui nh Chng 14. Cc ngn cch ly kn du phi c t y i, gia cc kt cha du v kt nc ngt dng cho sinh hot, ni hi, v.v... c th gy tc hi khi b ln du. Sng chnh

10.6.2 1 2

Tm thnh ca sng chnh phi c gng i sut chiu di ca y. Chiu dy tm thnh ca sng chnh phi theo cc yu cu 10.2.1. Sng ph

10.6.3 1 2

Nu chiu rng ca tu nh ca ngang y ln hn 4 mt th sng ph phi c t theo cc khong cch thch hp. Chiu dy ca tm thnh sng ph phi theo cc yu cu 10.3.2. ngang y

10.6.4 1 2

ngang y phi c t mi mt sn. Kch thc ca ngang y phi theo cc yu cu 10.4.1.

40

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 10

3 4 Nu ngang y c kt cu mt lp th np gia cng ngang y phi c t theo cc khong cch thch hp. Vi ngang to thnh phn di ca vch, cng vi cc yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theo cc yu cu i vch kn nc qui nh Chng 13. Lp y trn

10.6.5 1

Chiu dy ca lp y trn phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y: 11,5S d Trong : S : Khong cch gia cc ngang y (m). (mm)

Lp y trn phi c lin kt cng vi lp v bao mn v lp vch, v.v... Dm dc y

10.6.6 1 2

Kt cu, kch thc v khong cch ca cc dm dc y phi theo cc yu cu 10.5.1, 10.5.2, 10.5.3 v 10.8. Kt cu v kch thc dm dc y trn phi theo qui nh ca ng kim. Kt cu ca on y gia cng mi tu Phm vi gia cng

10.7 10.7.1

on y gia cng mi tu l on qui nh 7.4.2. 10.7.2 Kch thc v kt cu

Kch thc ca ngang y, dm dc y, sng ph v sng chnh on y gia cng mi tu phi c tng cng thch ng. 10.8 10.8.1 1 2 3 4 Kt cu kiu m Kt cu v kch thc

Chiu dy mt bn ca tm thnh ca sng chnh, sng ph v ngang y kt cu kiu m phi khng nh hn 0,7 tr s tng ng qui nh 10.2.1-2, 10.3.2-1 v 10.4.1. Din tch tit din tm mp trn ca sng chnh v sng ph kt cu kiu m phi khng nh hn tch ca chiu rng vi chiu dy ca tm mp qui nh tng ng 10.2.1-3 v 10.3.2-2. M un chng un tit din ca ngang y v dm dc y kt cu kiu m phi khng nh hn cc tr s tng ng qui nh 10.4.2 v 10.5.3. Kch thc ca cc c cu ca kt cu kiu m, cng vi cc yu cu t -1 n -3 trn y, phi theo cc yu cu 1.3.5.

41

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 11

Chng 11

x boong

11.1 11.1.1

X boong V tr ca x ngang boong

X ngang boong phi c t mi mt sn. 11.1.2 cong ngang ca boong thi tit

cong ngang ca boong thi tit nn bng B/50. 11.1.3 M un chng un tit din ca x ngang boong CShl2 Trong : l : Khong cch nm ngang t nh trong ca m x n ta gn nht ca boong hoc gia cc ta ln cn nhau ca x boong (m). Tr cc x on mt tu, nu x boong trn l nh hn 0,25B th l c ly bng 0,25B. Nu cc x boong ca cc on mt ca boong trn hoc cc x boong thng tng, l nh hn 0,2B th l c ly bng 0,2B. S : Khong cch gia cc x boong (m). C : H s c cho di y: X dc boong (a) on gia tu: 33 (b) cc ch khc: 28 X ngang boong: 28 h : Nh qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2). Tuy nhin, nu tr s ly theo qui nh 8.2.3-3 th h c qui nh nh sau: (a) pha trc ca 0,3L tnh t mi tu: 0,033L + 0,46 (t/m2) (b) pha sau ca 0,3L tnh t mi tu: 0,016L + 0,46 (t/m2) 11.1.4 Lin kt mt (cm3)

M un chng un tit din ca x ngang boong phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

X boong v sn phi c lin kt vi nhau bng m. Chiu di cnh m phi khng nh hn 1/8 ca l qui nh 9.4.1. 11.1.5 X ca boong to thnh nc kt su

Cng vi cc yu cu ca Chng ny, kch thc ca x t boong to thnh nc kt su phi theo cc yu cu i vi kt su, coi boong nh l vch ca kt su. 11.1.6 X ca boong chu ti trng c bit nng

X ca boong chu ti trng c bit nng nh my mc trn boong, v.v... phi c gia cng thch ng. 11.1.7 X ngang boong khe x dc boong

Nu boong c kt cu theo h thng dc th x ngang khe x dc boong phi c t cch nhau khong 2,4 mt. Trong trng hp ny kch thc v kt cu ca x ngang boong khe phi theo qui nh ca ng kim. 42

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 11

11.1.8 Kt cu kiu m

Cng vi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, kch thc ca x boong kt cu kiu m phi theo cc yu cu 1.3.5.

43

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 12

Chng 12

sng dc di boong v ct

12.1 12.1.1 1 2

Sng dc di boong V tr

nhng ch m x boong cn c phi t nhng sng dc di boong hoc nhng kt cu tng ng theo yu cu ca Chng ny. Nu cn th sng dc di boong, v.v... phi c t di cc ct c, ct cu, my mc trn boong v cc ti trng nng tp trung khc. Kt cu ca sng

12.1.2

Sng dc di boong phi c chiu cao tit din khng i trn sut on gia cc vch v phi c cng chng un. 12.1.3 M un chng un tit din ca sng

M un chng un tit din ca sng dc di boong phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

Cbhl2

(cm3)

Trong : b : Khong cch gia cc trung im ca cc khong cch t sng n cc sng ln cn hoc n nh trong ca m (m). (xem Hnh 12.1)
b Boong mn kh

Trung im gia sng di boong v nh trong ca m

l tnh sng di boong

l tnh sng di boong Boong mn kh

Vch

S tnh ct chng

l0 tnh ct chng Mt y i

Hnh 12.1

o b, l, S v l0

44

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 12 l : Khong cch gia cc ta ca sng (m). (xem Hnh 12.1) h : Nh qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2). Tuy nhin, nu h phi theo cc yu cu 8.2.3-3 th h c tnh theo
(a) v (b) sau y: (a) pha trc ca 0,3L tnh t mi tu: 0,13L + 0,46 (b) pha sau ca 0,3L tnh t mi tu: 0,11L + 0,46 C : H s c cho di y: (a) on gia tu: 42 (b) nhng ch khc: 33 12.1.4 1 2 v lin kt mt

Cc mt ca sng di boong phi c bi cc np vch. Cc np phi c gia cng thch ng. Nu hai sng dc di boong k tip nhau hoc mt sng dc di boong v mt vch dc khng theo mt ng thng vng ca vch ngang, v.v... th cc kt cu phi c ko di ra khi vch ngang, v.v... mt on di t nht l bng mt khong sn. Kt cu kiu m

12.1.5

Kch thc ca sng dc di boong kt cu kiu m, cng vi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theo cc yu cu 1.3.5. 12.2 12.2.1 Ct p dng

Ct x boong phi theo nhng yu cu ca Chng ny. 12.2.2 Ct di ti trng tp trung, v.v...

Nhng c bit to bi ct hoc cc c cu thch hp khc phi c b tr cc mt v gc lu, trong bung my, ti cc mt ca thng tng v di cc ti trng tp trung nng. 12.2.3 1 Din tch tit din ct

Din tch tit din ct thp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:
2,19 Sbh l 2,72 0 k0

(cm2)

Trong : S : Khong cch gia cc trung im ca cc vng t ct n cc ct ln cn hoc n vch (m). (xem Hnh 12.1) b : Khong cch gia cc trung im ca cc vng t ct n cc ct ln cn hoc n nh trong ca m (m). (xem Hnh 12.1) h : Nh qui nh 12.1.3. l0 : Khong cch t chn ct n mt di ca sng hoc x boong bi ct (m). (xem Hnh 12.1) k0 : Tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

I A I : M men qun tnh ti thiu ca tit din ct (cm4). A : Din tch tit din ct (cm2).
45

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 12

2 Din tch tit din ct g phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

12,94Sbh l 1,51 0 k0
Trong : S, b, h, l0 v k0 : Nh qui nh -1 trn y.

(cm2)

46

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 13

Chng 13

vch kn nc

13.1 13.1.1

V tr vch kn nc Vch chng va

Tu FRP phi c vch chng va t trong on t 0,05L (m) n 0,13L (m) tnh t cnh trc ca sng mi trn ng trng ti. 13.1.2 1 2 Vch ui

Cc tu FRP phi c vch ui t v tr thch hp. ng trc ui phi c t trong ngn kn nc to bi vch ui hoc nhng kt cu thch hp khc. Vch bung my

13.1.3

Vch kn nc phi c t hai u ca bung my. 13.1.4 Chiu cao ca vch kn nc

Cc vch kn nc qui nh t 13.1.1 n 13.1.3 phi i ln t nht l n boong trn tr cc vch qui nh t (1) n (3) sau y: (1) Vch kn nc vng thng tng ui l hoc thng tng mi l phi i ln n boong thng tng ui l hoc thng tng mi l. (2) Nu thng tng mi c l khot khng c thit b ng, dn vo khng gian di boong mn kh hoc nu thng tng mi di c chiu di khng nh hn 0,25L th vch mi phi i ln n boong thng tng. Trong trng hp ny, phn ko di c th c bc trong phm vi khong cch qui nh 13.1.1 v c th l kn nc. (3) Nu boong di boong trn nhng trn ng trng ti c ko di t vch ui n ui tu v c kt cu kn nc th vch ui c th c kt thc boong . Tuy nhin, trong trng hp ny bn ngang v cng ngang ca thn tu phi c m bo bng nhng sn khe hoc phn vch i ln n boong trn t ngay trn hoc ln cn vi vch ui. 13.1.5 1 2 Hm xch

Nu hm xch c t pha sau vch mi hoc khoang mi th hm xch phi kn nc v phi c bm tiu nc. Hm xch phi c vch ngn mt phng dc tm. Kt cu ca vch kn nc Chiu dy ca lp vch kt cu mt lp

13.2 13.2.1

Chiu dy ca lp vch kt cu mt lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y: (mm) 12S h Trong : S : Khong cch np (m). h : Khong cch thng ng t cnh di ca lp vch n mt trn ca lp boong trn o ng tm tu (m). Tuy nhin, vi vch mi tr s ni trn phi c nhn vi 1,25. 47

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 13

13.2.2 1 Chiu dy ca vch kt cu nhiu lp

Tng chiu dy ca cc lp trong, lp ngoi v li ca vch kt cu nhiu lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cc cng thc sau y, ly tr s no ln hn :

C1Sh C2 t f

(mm) (mm)

Trong : tf : Chiu dy qui nh 13.2.1 cho trng hp kt cu mt lp (mm). h : Nh qui nh 13.2.1 (m). S : Khong cch np (mm). C1 v C2 : Nh qui nh 7.3.3-1. 2 Mc d nhng qui nh -1, cc chiu dy tng ng ca lp trong lp ngoi ca vch kt cu nhiu lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, trong mi trng hp, chiu dy ny phi khng nh hn 2,4 mi-li-mt.

3,6 3 C 4 ( Sh) 4
Trong : S : Khong cch np (m). h : Nh qui nh 13.2.1 (mm). C4: Nh qui nh 7.3.3-2. 13.2.3 Lp vch bng g dn kt cu

(mm)

Nu g dn kt cu c dng lm tm vch th chiu dy g dn phi khng nh hn tr s yu cu 13.2.1 nhn vi h s cho 1.3.4-2 (1). Tuy nhin, B c ly bng gii hn bn un (kg/mm2) ca g dn. 13.2.4 Np vch

M un chng un tit din ca np vch phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

CShl2

(cm3)

Trong : l : Tng chiu di gia cc ln cn ca np (m) k c chiu di ca lin kt mt. Tuy nhin, nu c t sng th l l khong cch t chn ca lin kt mt n chic sng gn nht hoc khong cch gia cc sng. h : 0,8 khong cch thng ng t trung im ca l n mt trn ca lp boong trn ng tm tu cng 1,2 (m). Tuy nhin, vi vch chng va th tr s ni trn phi c nhn vi 1,25. S : Khong cch np (m). C : H s c cho di y: (a) Nu c hai mt ca np c gn m: 20 (b) Nu cc mt np c xn vt: 30 13.2.5 Sng np vch

Tm thnh ca sng np vch phi c lin kt vi lp vch v m un chng un tit din ca sng phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y: 34Shl2 (cm3) Trong : l : Tng chiu di ca sng k c chiu di ca cc lin kt mt (m). S : Chiu rng ca din tch c bi sng (m).

48

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 13 h : 0,8 khong cch thng ng t trung im ca S n mt trn ca lp boong trn ng tm tu
cng 1,2 (m). Tuy nhin, vi vch mi th tr s ni trn phi c nhn vi 1,25. 13.2.6 Kt cu kiu m

Kch thc ca np vch v sng vch kt cu kiu m, cng vi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theo yu cu 1.3.5.

49

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 14

Chng 14

kt su

14.1 14.1.1

Qui nh chung nh ngha

Kt su (deep tank) l kt dng cha nc, du t hoc cc cht lng khc to thnh mt phn ca thn tu trong khoang hoc trong ni boong. Nu cn th kt su dng cha du c gi l "kt su cha du". 14.1.2 Ni t

Cc b phn bng kim loi, ng ng, v.v... trong kt phi c ni t. 14.1.3 1 Phm vi p dng

Kt cu ca cc vch ngn kn nc, kt trong khoang ui, kt su trong khoang v gia cc boong, tr cc kt su cha du c im bc chy thp hn 600C phi theo cc yu cu ca Chng ny. Nhng phn ng thi dng lm vch kn nc phi theo cc yu cu i vi vch kn nc. Kt cu ca kt su cha du c im bc chy thp hn 60oC phi theo qui nh ring ca ng kim. Vch ngn trong kt

14.1.4 1 2 3

Kt su phi c kch thc va phi v phi c vch ngn dc tha mn yu cu v n nh trong iu kin khai thc v trong qu trnh nhn v tr hng. Kt nc ngt, kt du t v cc kt khc khng cha y trong iu kin khai thc phi c vch ngn b sung hoc vch lng cn thit gim lc ng tc ng vo kt cu. Nu khng th tha mn cc yu cu -2 th kch thc kt cu qui nh Chng ny phi c tng thch ng. Tnh kn nc ca kt

14.1.5

Sn v x boong khng c xuyn qua nc v vch ca kt su. 14.2 14.2.1 Cc lp ca tm vch kt su Chiu dy ca vch kt cu mt lp

Chiu dy ca vch kt cu mt lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y : 13S h (mm) Trong : S : Khong cch np (m). h : Khong cch thng ng t cnh di ca lp vch n trung im ca chiu cao t nh ng trn n nc kt (m). 14.2.2 1 Chiu dy ca vch kt cu nhiu lp

Tng chiu dy ca lp trong, lp ngoi v li ca vch kt cu nhiu lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y, ly tr s no ln hn :

C1Sh C2 t f
50

(mm) (mm)

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 14

Trong : tf : Chiu dy qui nh 14.2.1 cho trng hp mt lp (mm). S : Khong cch np (m). h : Nh qui nh 14.2.1 (m). C1 v C2 : Nh qui nh 7.3.3-1. 2 Cc chiu dy tng ng ca lp trong v lp ngoi ca vch kt cu nhiu lp, mc d nhng yu cu -1, phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Trong mi trng hp chiu dy ny phi khng nh hn 2,4 mi-li-mt.

3,6 3 C 4 ( Sh) 4
Trong : S : Khong cch np (m). h : Nh qui nh 14.2.1 (m). C4:Nh qui nh 7.3.3-2. 14.2.3 Vch bng g dn kt cu

(mm)

Nu g dn kt cu c dng lm vch th chiu dy ca g dn phi khng nh hn tr s qui nh theo yu cu 14.2.1 nhn vi h s c cho 1.3.4-2 (1). Tuy nhin, B c ly bng gii hn bn un (kg/mm2) ca g dn. 14.2.4 Np vch

M un chng un tit din ca np vch phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

CShl2

(cm3)

Trong : S v l : Nh qui nh 13.2.4. h : Khong cch thng ng t trung im ca l n trung im ca chiu cao t nh ng trn n nc kt (m). C : H s dc cho nh sau : (a) Nu c hai mt np c gn m : 28 (b) Nu cc mt np c xn vt : 42 14.2.5 Sng np vch

M un chng un tit din ca sng sn v np vch phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y : (cm3) 42Shl2 Trong : l : Tng chiu di ca sng k c chiu di ca lin kt mt (m). S : Chiu rng ca din tch m sng phi (m). h : Khong cch thng ng t trung im ca S n trung im ca chiu cao t nh ng trn n nc kt (m). 14.2.6 Kt cu kiu m

Kch thc ca np vch v sng vch kt cu kiu m, cng vi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theo yu cu 1.3.5. 14.2.7 Kt cu to thnh nc v y ca kt su

51

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 14

Kch thc ca kt cu to thnh nc v y ca kt su phi theo cc yu cu ca Chng ny, coi kt cu nh l vch ca kt su ti v tr . Trong mi trng hp, cc kt cu phi khng nh hn yu cu i vi lp boong, v.v... ti v tr . 14.3 14.3.1 Nhng qui nh i vi kt su L thot nc v l thng kh

Trong kt su, cc l thot nc v l thng kh phi c khot cc c cu m bo cho nc v khng kh khng b t bt c ch no trong kt. 14.3.2 1 2 Ngn cch ly, v.v...

Ngn cch ly kn du phi c t gia cc kt cha du v kt cha nc ngt nh nc sinh hot, nc ni hi, v.v..., c th gy tc hi khi b ln du. Khu vc thuyn vin v khu vc hnh khch khng c k trc tip vi kt du t. Cc khu vc phi c cch bit vi cc kt du t bng cc ngn cch ly c thng gi tt v c th tip cn c. Nu nc ca kt du t khng c l khot v c ph bng cht ph khng chy c chiu dy bng v ln hn 38 mili-mt th c th khng cn t ngn cch ly gia cc khu vc v nc kt du t. Lp lt phi c t bn pha khoang hng ca vch ngn chia kt su cha du vi khoang hng, li mt khe h thch ng gia vch v lp lt. Phi c rnh i dc theo vch. Nu bin ca kt du c gn thm nhng phn cn phi kn du th khng cn phi t lp lt qui nh 3, tr trng hp c yu cu c bit.

3 4

52

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 15

Chng 15

bung my

15.1 15.1.1

Qui nh chung p dng

Kt cu ca bung my, cng vi cc yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theo yu cu ca cc chng c lin quan. 15.1.2 Gia cng

Bung my phi c sn khe, x boong khe, ct t tha, v.v... hoc phi c gia cng bng cc bin php thch hp khc. 15.1.3 Kt cu my v h trc

My v h trc phi c hu hiu v cc kt cu ln cn phi c gia cng thch ng. 15.1.4 Phng tin thot nn

Trong bung my chnh phi c t nht l mt li thot nn gm mt ca t vch quy ming bung my v cu thang bng thp dn ln ca. 15.2 15.2.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Kt cu di my chnh Kt cu di my chnh

Sng t my chnh phi c chiu di nh b my, c hnh dng khng thay i t ngt, khng b gin on. Sng phi c chc chn bng sn v m m bo bn v cng ngang. Nu my chnh c lc qun tnh khng cn bng hoc m men qun tnh khng cn bng ln th bn v cng ca cc sng phi ln. Bulng c nh my phi c thn di v phi c bin php hu hiu trnh tho lng. Nu my chu lc kch thch ln do lc y ngang ca pt tng th lin kt ca sng vi sn v m phi cng, trnh cng hng dao ng theo phng nm ngang. Tm thnh ca sng c th c kt cu bng g t xen vi FRP tng cng chng nn hoc un. Trong trng hp ny, FRP vi g v g vi lp v y phi c lin kt chc chn. Lin kt ca sng vi lp bao y, sn v m, cng nh lin kt tng h ca chng phi l lin kt ch T dng vi si th rng, lin kt phi c chiu rng. Trong trng hp ny, phng ca vi si th phi khng xin so vi ng lin kt.

53

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 16

Chng 16

thng tng v lu

16.1 16.1.1 1 2

Qui nh chung Phm vi p dng

Kt cu v kch thc c cu ca thng tng v lu, cng vi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theo yu cu ca cc chng c lin quan. Vi nhng tu FRP c mn kh ln, cc yu cu ca Chng ny c th c thay i thch ng v phi c ng kim xt duyt. Kt cu, v.v... Kch thc c cu ca vch mt v cc vch bn

16.2 16.2.1

Chiu dy ca tm v kch thc np ca vch mt thng tng v vch bn ca lu phi khng nh hn tr s cho Bng 16.1. Nu khong cch np S sai khc vi 500 mi-li-mt th chiu dy ca tm v m un chng un tit din ca np phi khng nh hn tr s cho trong Bng 16.1 nhn vi S/500. Bng 16.1 Chiu dy tm v kch thc np ca vch mt thng tng v vch bin ca lu

L (m)
Ln hn Khng ln hn 15 20 24 27 30 33 35

15 20 24 27 30 33

Vch trc Chiu dy ca M un chng un vch (mm) tit din ca np (cm3) 5,0 35 5,5 40 5,5 47 6,5 56 6,5 67 6,5 82 7,0 97

Vch bn v vch sau Chiu dy ca M un chng un tit vch (mm) din ca np (cm3) 4,0 20 4,0 20 4,0 24 5,0 28 5,0 33 5,0 37 5,5 42

16.2.2 1

Cc phng tin ng ca v chiu cao ca ngng ca

Cnh ca ca cc l khot vch mt ca thng tng kn v ca lu bo v hnh lang dn xung cc khng gian di boong mn kh hoc khng gian trong thng tng kn phi theo cc yu cu t (1) n (5) sau y : (1) Cnh ca phi c gn thng xuyn v chc chn vo vch. (2) Cnh ca phi l kt cu cng, c bn tng ng vi bn ca vch nguyn vn v phi kn nc khi ng. (3) Cc phng tin m bo kn nc phi gm vnh m, then ci hoc cc chi tit tng ng gn c nh vo vch hoc cnh ca. (4) C th thao tc cnh ca t c hai bn ca vch. (5) Cnh ca bn l phi c m ra pha ngoi.

Chiu cao ngng ca cc ca qui nh -1 t nht phi bng 380 mi-li-mt tnh t mt trn ca boong.

54

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 17

Chng 17

ming khoang, ming bung my v cc ming khot khc boong

17.1 17.1.1 1 2

Qui nh chung Phm p dng

Nhng yu cu ca Chng ny c p dng cho cc tu FRP khng phi l tu qui nh 20.1.1-1. Tu FRP nu 20.1.1-1 phi theo cc yu cu Chng 18 Phn 2A ca Qui phm ng tu v thp. Ming khoang Chiu cao ca thnh ming khoang

17.2 17.2.1 1

Chiu cao ca thnh ming khoang tnh t mt trn ca lp boong phi khng nh hn tr s cho Bng 17.1. Bng 17.1
V tr ca ming khoang Ming khoang l Ming khoang khng l boong trn boong thng tng trong on 0,25 L tnh t mi tu boong thng tng ngoi on ni trn boong trong thng tng khng kn, tr trng hp di y boong trong thng tng khng c vch trc

Chiu cao ca thnh ming khoang L 20 m

380 mm 380 mm 300 mm 380 mm 380 mm 20 m < L 30 m 450 mm 450 mm 300 mm 380 mm 450 mm 30 m < L 35 m 600 mm 600 mm 450 mm 450 mm 600 mm

Vi cc ming khoang c gi kn nc bng np kn nc c vng m v then ci, chiu cao ca thnh ming khoang c th c gim so vi qui nh -1 nu c ng kim chp nhn. Np g

17.2.2

Np g phi theo cc yu cu t (1) n (3) sau y : (1) Chiu dy hon thin ca np g phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Np g c hng ha t ln phi c tng chiu dy theo t l thun khi chiu cao ni boong ln hn 2,6 mt hoc khi trng lng trn mt n v din tch ln hn 1,8 t/m2. Trong mi trng hp, chiu dy hon thin phi khng nh hn 48 mi-li-mt. 30S (mm) Trong : S : Khong cch gia cc x ming khoang (m). (2) Vt liu dng lm np g phi c cht lng tt, th thng, khng c mu, mc v nt. (3) Cc mt ca np g phi c ng ai thp. 17.3 17.3.1 Ming bung my Bo v ming bung my 55

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 17

Ming bung my phi c gng nh v phi c vch quy. 17.3.2 1 Vch quy ming bung my phn l

Ming bung my l boong trn v boong thng tng phi theo cc yu cu (1) v (2) sau y : (1) Chiu dy ca vch quy v m un chng un tit din ca np vch quy phi tng ng vi chiu dy v m un chng un tit din ca np ca vch bn ca lu qui nh 16.2.1. (2) Chiu dy lp trn cng ca vch quy v m un chng un tit din ca np phi tng ng khng nh hn 4,0 mi-li-mt v 24 cm3.

2 3

Tr trng hp c bit, chiu cao ca vch quy phi khng nh hn chiu cao ca mn chn sng. Nu ca c t phn l ca vch quy ming bung my th ca phi c gng c t vng c bo v v phi theo cc yu cu 16.2.2-1, v chiu cao ngng ca tnh t mt trn ca lp boong t nht phi bng 380 mi-li-mt. Vch quy ming bung my t vng kn

17.3.3

Nu ca c t vch quy ming bung my th ca phi bn. 17.3.4 V tr thit b

Ca ly nh sng t lp trn cng ca vch quy ming bung my phi c kt cu vng chc. Thnh quy ng khi v ng thng gi phi c gng cao hn lp boong thi tit n mc c th. 17.4 17.4.1 L khot chi boong v cc boong khc L chui v l khot boong phng

L chui v l khot boong phng phn l ca boong mn kh v boong thng tng hoc trong thng tng khng phi l thng tng kn phi c ng bng np vng chc c kh nng gi kn nc. 17.4.2 1 2 3 Ca boong

Ca boong boong mn kh phi c bo v bng thng tng kn, lu trn boong hay chi boong c bn v tnh kn thi tit nh ca thng tng kn. Ca boong boong thng tng l v boong lu trn boong mn kh dn vo khng gian di boong mn kh hoc khng gian trong thng tng kn phi c bo v hu hiu bng lu hoc chi boong. Ca vo lu hoc chi boong nu -1 v -2 trn y phi c cnh ca theo yu cu 16.2.2-1. Chiu cao ca ngng ca tnh t mt trn ca lp boong t nht phi bng 380 mi-li-mt. L khot khng gian hng ha

17.4.3

Cc ca vo v cc l khot khc i vo khu vc hng ha phi c cc phng tin ng c th thao tc t pha ngoi ca khu vc trong trng hp c ha hon.

56

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 18

Chng 18

Mn chn sng, lan can, h thng thot nc, l khot mn, ca s mn, l thng gi v cu boong

18.1 18.1.1

Qui nh chung Qui nh chung

1 Cc tu FRP nu 20.1.1-1 phi theo cc yu cu Chng 21 Phn 2A, Qui phm ng tu v thp. 2 nhng tu FRP khng phi l tu nu -1 trn y, vic b tr v kt cu phi tho mn yu cu ca ng kim.

57

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 19

Chng 19

h thng my tu

19.1 19.1.1

Qui nh chung Phm vi p dng

H truyn ng chnh, h truyn cng sut, h trc, bnh chu p lc, cc my ph, h thng ng ng v trang b in, ngoi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theo yu cu trong cc Chng c lin quan ca Qui phm ng tu v thp. 19.2 19.2.1 1 2 Lp t my chnh, kt du t v ni t Lp t my chnh

My chnh, tr nhng my c cng sut nh, phi c t trn sng y thng qua b my bng thp c bn v cng. Nu my c lc qun tnh khng cn bng hoc m men qun tnh khng cn bng ln hoc phi chu nhng lc kch thch ln do pt tng th b my bng thp phi c chiu di cho my, cc b my hai bn phi c lin kt vi nhau hoc b my phi c kt cu vng chc. Nu nhit b my chnh hoc nhit tip xc vi sng FRP t ti tr s c th gy nh hng xu n tnh ro ca FRP trong iu kin hot ng bnh thng th gia b my v sng FRP phi c cch ly hu hiu. Khi t my chnh hoc b my chnh ln sng FRP phi quan tm sao cho khng pht sinh bin dng ro do trng lng my v lc xit bu lng gy ra. Kt du t

19.2.2

B mt ca cc kt du t lm bng FRP l ra cc khng gian nh bung my chnh, v.v... c th hay b nung nng do la phi c bin php thch ng lm chm lan truyn la hoc chu la. Nu l my dng xng th kt nhin liu phi bng kim loi. 19.2.3 1 2 Bin php ni t

Cht ph nhng kt cu bng kim loi, my mc v thit b c nguy c nhim in do tnh in hoc cm ng in t phi c ni t hu hiu, tr trng hp khng gy tc hi cho ngi khi tip xc trc tip. Kt du t v ng ng bng kim loi phi c ni t hu hiu. Nu dng kt du t bng FRP th cc b phn kim loi ca van, np l chui, v.v... t kt v ng ng du t phi c tip in tt v phi c ni t.

58

tcvn 6282 : 2003, Chng 20

Chng 20

mn kh

20.1 20.1.1 1 2

Qui nh chung Phm vi p dng

Mn kh ca tu FRP c chiu di Lf bng v ln hn 24 mt phi theo yu cu ca Phn 11 Mn kh ca Qui phm ng tu v thp. Mc d nhng qui nh -1 trn y, mn kh ca cc tu FRP qui nh t (1) n (3) sau y phi tha mn yu cu ca ng kim: (1) Tu FRP khng chy tuyn quc t; (2) Tu gii tr khng tham gia thng mi; (3) Tu nh c.

59

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003

hng dn p dng tcvn 6282 : 2003

qui phm kim tra v ch to cc tu lm bng cht do ct si thy tinh
chng 1 1.1 1.1.1 Qui nh chung Phm vi p dng qui nh chung

Cc tr s tnh ton ca cc c cu thn tu FRP hot ng vng bin hn ch III c th c gim nh sau: (1) Cc tr s tnh ton ca cc c cu thn tu c th gim theo t l cho Bng 1.1.1-1. (2) Vic gim cc tr s tnh ton khc khng nu Bng 1.1.1-1 phi c ng kim xem xt ring. Bng 1.1.1-1 Lng gim ca tr s tnh ton c cu thn tu Tr s M un chng un tit din ngang thn tu Chiu dy lp v bao (bao gm c lp v gia y) Chiu dy ti thiu ca boong M un chng un tit din ca sn ngang M un chng un tit din ca x boong M un chng un tit din ca sng boong Chiu dy ca cc c cu y n hoc y i Lng gim 10% 10% 10% 15% 15% 15% 10%

(3) Khng ph thuc vo cc qui nh (1) v (2), cc tr s tnh ton ca x boong tu ch hng trn boong, lp y trong v dm dc y trong ca tu ch hng nng, cc c cu ca kt su, v.v... khng c gim qu tr s qui nh cc Chng lin quan. (4) Chiu cao ca thnh ming khoang, ming khot qua li, v.v... c th c gim n bng tr s cho Bng 1.1.1-2. Bng 1.1.1-2 Chiu cao thnh ming khoang, ming khot qua li (mm) Loi ming khoang, v.v... Ming khoang nh (c din Li i li, ming khot Ca vch mt chi boong thng tng tch khng ln hn 1,5 m2) 380 230 300 100 300 100

V tr ca ming khoang Trn boong trn cng v boong thng tng phm vi vng 0,25 Lf mi tu Trn boong thng tng pha sau ca vng 0,25 Lf mi tu 1.2 nh ngha

1.2.15 Lin kt

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 1

Lin kt l cng ngh ni FRP c bo dng s b vi cc c cu khc bng FRP, g, bt nha cng, v.v... bng qui trnh lin kt khoa hc bao gm (1) v (2) di y: (1) Lin kt th cp (cng ngh dt cc lp FRP c bo dng sau khi phun ct). (2) Lin kt tm (cng ngh chn cc tm si thy tinh bm c tm nha do gia hai lp FRP c bo dng). 1.2.19 To hnh bng phng php th cng

To hnh bng phng php th cng phi bao gm c phng php phun nha c s dng trong vic tm nha vo ct si thy tinh. 1.3 1.3.4 Nhng qui nh chung v kt cu thn tu v trang thit b Kch thc

Chiu rng hiu dng ca cc lp FRP ca kt cu kiu m c minh ha nh Hnh 1.3.4-1.

n v: mm

Hnh 1.3.4-1 Chiu rng hiu dng 1.3.5 Kt cu kiu m

Nu m un chng un tit din ca kt cu kiu m tnh c li to hnh th chiu rng ca li phi c tnh theo (EC / Ef) b nh Hnh 1.3.5-1, trong EC v Ef l m un n hi un ca li v lp FRP tng ng. G thng v g Phi lp pin: 1,0 G dn: 0,8 Vt liu li khc: xc nh bng th nghim qui nh 4.3.7-2 ca Qui phm.

Hnh 1.3.5-1 Chiu rng li 1.3.6 Kt cu nhiu lp

Nu li ca kt cu nhiu lp c tnh vo bn un, h s C2 nu Bng 7.3.3-1 ca Qui phm phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau y:

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng1

1 1 1 EC / E f (1 + ) 3

Trong : EC: M un n hi un ca li ca kt cu nhiu lp (N/mm2) Ef: M un n hi un ca lp ngoi hoc lp trong FRP ca kt cu nhiu lp (N/mm2). EC/Ef: C th s dng tr s sau y: G thng v g Phi lp pin: 1,0 G dn: 0,8 Vt liu li khc: xc nh bng th nghim qui nh 4.3.5-2 ca Qui phm. : Nh qui nh 7.3.3-1 ca Qui phm.

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 2

Chng 2 2.1 2.1.1 Qui nh chung Qui nh chung

kim tra phn cp

p lc th thy tnh i vi kt su ca tu FRP c chiu di nh hn 20 m c th ly bng chiu cao n nh ng trn. 2.2 2.2.1 Kim tra phn cp trong qu trnh ch to Qui nh chung

V vic p dng yu cu 2.2.1-2 ca Qui phm, nu cn thit ng kim c th cho php vic lp t mi vt liu c cha a mi ng ti nhng v tr di y: (1) Cnh qut ca my nn kh cnh qut kiu r to v bm chn khng cnh qut kiu r to. (2) Ch ni kn nc v lp bc cho vic tun hon ca cht lng khi nhit vt qu 3500C hoc p sut trn 7 MPa, c nguy c chy, n mn hoc tnh c. (3) Lp bc cch nhit mm v d un c s dng nhit trn 10000 C.

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Chng 4 4.1 4.1.2 1 2 Qui nh chung

vt liu ch to thn tu

Nguyn liu ch to cc kt cu c bn

Vic th nu 4.1.2 v 4.2 ca Qui phm phi c thc hin ph hp vi cc yu cu -2 n -6 di y: Qui nh chung i vi vic th v kim tra nguyn liu ch to cc kt cu c bn. (1) My th nguyn liu My th th c tnh ca nguyn liu theo Hng dn ny phi l nhng my c kim tra v c giy chng nhn kim tra do ng kim cp. (2) iu kin mi trng ca ch th. Tr trng hp c bit c qui nh ring, iu kin mi trng ca ch th phi l iu kin tiu tiu chun (nhit 20 50C , m tng i 65 20%). (3) Tnh xc thc ca nguyn liu X nghip ch to phi tin hnh cc bc cn thit m bo mi quan h cht ch gia sn phm v mu th hoc vt th. (4) Th li Nu mt phn ca kt qu th khng t yu cu trong khi cc hng mc th cn li t yu cu th c th tin hnh th li i vi cc hng mc khng t bng cch dng mu th vi hai ln s lng yu cu ca mu th. Trong trng hp ny, vic th c coi l t nu tt c kt qu th li t yu cu. Tuy nhin, trong trng hp nu cc cuc th c thc hin i vi cc lp v cc lp c thay mi, tt c cc cuc th c yu cu i vi cc lp phi c thc hin. (5) Kt qu th Nu vic th qui nh Chng ny c thc hin, cc kt qu th nu (a) n (i) di y phi trnh ng kim. (a) Loi v mc ca nguyn liu c th. (b) Cc nguyn liu di y c s dng cho vic chun b mu th (tr (a) nu trn): i) Loi v mc ct si thy tinh v nha dt. ii) Loi v t l pha trn ca cht n. iii) Loi v t l pha trn ca cht bo dng v cht xc tc. (c) Phng php to hnh v iu kin to hnh. (d) Phng php chn mu th. (e) Ngy to hnh mu th v ngy th. (f) Ni th v iu kin mi trng ni th. (g) Loi my th (h) Hnh dng v kch thc mu th. (i) Kt qu th.

Th v kim tra nguyn liu ch to cc kt cu c bn. Cc hng mc th ca mi cuc th nguyn liu c nu Bng 4.1.2-1 n Bng 4.1.2-3. Qui trnh th phi ph hp vi cc yu cu -4, -5 v -6.

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Bng 4.1.2-1 Cc hng mc th ct si thy tinh Vic th i vi mi tu Hng mc th c qui nh 4.1.2 ca Qui phm M v SR R Hnh dng b ngoi O O Trng lng thit k trn 1 n v hoc chiu di O O n v v sai s ti a. T l trng lng ca cht b (bao gm c h dn) O O bn ko ca ct si thy tinh O bn un v m un n hi un c ghi nhn O O t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun) bn un v m un n hi un c ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin cha kh) bn ko v m un n hi ko c ghi nhn O O t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun) Kiu th Th cng nhn c qui nh 4.2 ca Qui phm Vo thi im cng Th hng nm nhn v 4 nm mt M v SR O O O O O O R O O O O O O O M v SR O O O R O O O O

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)

Ch thch: 1) K hiu O c ngha l phi thc hin vic th v kim tra. 2) M c ngha l tm si thy tinh bm, R ngha l tm vi si thy tinh th v SR l si thy tinh th i vi phng php phun.

Bng 4.1.2-2 Cc hng mc th i vi cc thng s cho vic dt Kiu th Vic th i vi Th cng nhn c qui nh Hng mc th mi tu c qui 4.2 ca Qui phm nh 4.1.2 ca Vo thi im cng Th hng Qui phm nm nhn v 4 nm mt (1) nht v tnh ng cht O O O (2) Thi gian ng cng, thi gian x l ti thiu v O O O nhit pht nhit cc tr (3) Tr s Axit O O O (4) ht nc ca mu th c O O O (5) cng Barcol ca mu th c O O (6) dn di v bn ko ca mu th c O O O (7) Nhit chu ti ca mu th c O O O (8) cng Barcol ghi nhn t mu th lp O O (9) bn un v m un n hi un ghi nhn t O O mu th lp (10) bn ko v m un n hi koghi nhn t O O mu th lp (11) c trng nhit cao ghi nhn t mu th lp O
Ch thch: 1) K hiu O c ngha l phi thc hin vic th v kim tra.

10

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Bng 4.1.2-3 Cc hng mc th i vi kt cu nhiu lp Kiu th Th cng nhn c qui nh 4.2 Vic th i vi mi ca Qui phm tu c qui nh Vo thi im cng Hng mc th 4.1.2 ca Qui phm Th hng nm nhn v 4 nm mt Cht do Bulsa Cht do Bulsa Cht do Bulsa dng mng dng mng dng mng cng cng cng T trng O O O O O O ht nc O O O Dung lng m O O O bn nn v m un n hi nn O O O O O O Nhit lm mm O O O bn ko v m un n hi ko* O O bn un v m un n hi un* O O bn ct c ghi nhn t mu O O O O th lp ca kt cu nhiu lp

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

Ch thch: 1) K hiu O c ngha l phi thc hin vic th v kim tra. 2) Hng mc th c du (*) ch yu cu khi li c tnh vo bn.

Qui trnh th ct si thy tinh. (1) Hnh dng v vic chn mu th (a) Hnh dng v vic chn mu th ct si thy tinh phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-4. (b) Phng php ch to tm dt th (tr si thy tinh th t cch dt phun) phi ph hp vi i) n v) di y: i) Tm dt th phi c kch thc b tr tt c mu th trn sao cho mp ca chng cch nhau mt khong rng 30 mm. ii) Vic lin kt lp v hm lng thy tinh phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-5. iii) Nhit mi trng trong khi dt phi nm trong phm vi c nu c tnh k thut. iv) Cng vic dt phi c hon thnh trong khong 50% thi gian nh hnh ca nha nhit mi trng. v) Sau khi hon thnh cng vic dt, tm dt phi c lt ngc li trong vng 24 gi nhit 20 50C v c bo dng 16 gi trong bung kh nhit 400C. Tm dt c th c ct ta theo kch thc ph hp sau khi bo dng. c) Phng php ch to tm dt th si thy tinh th bng phng php phun phi ph hp vi i) n iv) di y: i) Kch thc ca mu th phi theo qui nh (b)i) trn. Tuy nhin, mp ca chng phi cch nhaumt khong rng 250 mm. ii) Chiu dy ca mu th phi khng nh hn 3 mm. iii) Hm lng thy tinh phi bng 30 3%. iv) Vic bo dng sau phi ph hp vi (b)v) trn. (2) Qui trnh th Qui trnh th nu Bng 4.1.2-1 phi ph hp vi (a) n (f) di y: (a) Khi lng thit k ca mt din tch n v hoc mt chiu di n v v sai s ti a. i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-4. ii) Khi lng ca mu th phi c o vi chnh xc 0,1 g. iii) Sai s phi l tr s c xc nh theo cng thc sau: 1) Tm si thy tinh bm v tm vi si thy tinh th: 11

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

i vi mu th 1 m2

(%) .100 W i vi mu th 300 X 300 mm2

M 2 / 0,09 W W .100

M1 W

(%)

Trong : M1 : Khi lng ca mu th 1 m2 (g). M2 : Khi lng ca mu th 300 X 300 mm2 (g). W : Khi lng ca mu th trn 1 m2 c qui nh c tnh k thut (sau y gi tt l khi lng thng thng (g). 2) Si thy tinh th:
1000 M / l W W .100

(%)

Trong : l : Chiu di ca mu th (m). W : Khi lng 1000 m qui nh c tnh k thut (sau y gi tt l khi lng thng thng (g). M : Khi lng mu th (g). (b) T l khi lng ca cht lin kt (gm c cht b). i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-4. ii) Mi mu th phi c nung nng trong l nung (625 250C) trong khong 10 pht t cht lin kt hoc cht b, sau ly ra khi l nung v lm ngui ti nhit trong bung. iii) Mu th ii) nu trn phi c cn vi chnh xc 0,1 g. iv) T l khi lng ca cht lin kt (gm c cht b) phi l tr s c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

W0 W1 .100 (%) W0
Trong : W0 : Khi lng trc khi nung (g). W1 : Khi lng sau khi lm ngui (g). (c) bn ko ca si thy tinh tm vi si thy tinh. i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-4. ii) Tc ko theo tiu chun phi bng 200 mm/pht. iii) Nu mu th b hng hoc trt khi b phn kp ca my th, tr s o c ca ca mu th s khng c chp nhn. Trong trng hp ny, phi ly mu th mi th b sung. jv) Ti trng ko t phi ly bng bn ko ca ca si thy tinh. (d) bn un v m un n hi un c xc nh t cc lp (trong iu kin tiu chun). i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-4. ii) Vic th phi c thc hin sau khi bo qun mu th trong iu kin tiu chun t 20 gi tr ln. iii) My th phi ph hp vi Hnh 4.1.2-5. iv) Tc cht ti trong qu trnh th theo tiu chun phi bng t/2 mm/pht (t l chiu dy ca mu th, mm). v) bn un phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

3 Pl . 2 bt 2
12

(N/mm2)

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Trong : P : Ti trng ko t (N). l : Chiu di o c (mm). b : Chiu rng ca mu th (mm). t : Chiu dy ca mu th (mm). vi) M un n hi un phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

l3 4bt 3

P y

(N/mm2)

Trong : (P/y) : nghing ca phn thng ca ng cong ti trng vng (N/mm). y : vng ti im gia ca chiu di o (mm). l, b v t : Nh qui nh v) nu trn. (e) bn un v m un n hi un c xc nh t cc lp. i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-4. ii) Nhng mu th vo nc si trong 2 gi sau ngui n nhit trong phng, ly n ra khi nc v lm sch nc. iii) Thc hin cc cuc th qui nh (d)iii) nu trn v sau y. (f) bn ko v m un n hi un c xc nh t cc lp (trong cc cuc th phi c thc hin sau khi bo qun iu kin tiu chun). i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-4. ii) Vic th phi c thc hin sau khi bo qun mu th iu kin tiu chun trn 20 gi. iii) Tc ko phi bng 5 mm/pht theo tiu chun. iv) Nu mu th nm ngoi chiu di o, tr s o c s khng c chp nhn. Trong trng hp ny, phi th b sung mu th mi. v) bn ko phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

P A

(N/mm2)

Trong : P : Ti trng ko t (N). A : Din tch tit din mu th ti im gia ca n (mm2). vi) M un n hi ko phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

l P A l

(N/mm2)

Trong : l : Chiu di ban u (mm). A : Din tch tit din ti im gia ca mu th (mm2). (P/l) : nghing ca phn thng ca ng cong ti trng vng (N/mm). l : dn di ca khong cch gia 2 im o. (3) Tiu chun Tiu chun chp nhn i vi kt qu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-6.

13

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Bng 4.1.2-4 Ct si thy tinh Hng mc th (a) Sai s * 1) Hnh dng v kch thc mu th S lng * 1).............5 Qui trnh ly mu Loi b 30 mm t pha mt theo chiu dc v 30 mm t c hai pha mt theo chiu ngang, ly mu th 1 m2 ln lt theo chiu dc (xem Hnh 4.1.2-2).

* 2)

* 2)...........10

Si thy tinh th dng phng php phun phi c chiu di tng ng vi khong 15g (b) (c) T l khi lng cht Tng t nh * 2) b bn ko ca si thy tinh trong vi si thy tinh th

Sau khi o khi lng mu th * 1), ly ra 1 gc mu th (300x300) t (xem Hnh 4.1.2-2)

5 Hng si dc.......5 Hng si ngang...5 Mu th phi c ly tng ng theo hng si ngang v hng si dc (xem Hnh 4.1.2-3). Sau cng n c hnh dng nh Hnh 4.1.2-4 i vi tm vi si thy tinh, phi ly 5 b mu th tng ng theo hng si dc v hng si ngang. Sau cng phi ct nhn. i vi tm vi si thy tinh, phi ly 5 b mu th tng ng theo hng si dc v hng si ngang. Sau cng phi ct nhn.

(d) (e)

bn un ghi nhn t mu th lp t = Chiu dy ban u

iu kin tiu chun........5 Cha kh...5 iu kin tiu chun..........5

(f)

bn ko ghi nhn t mu th lp

t = Chiu dy ban u F = 60 0,5 (mm) G = 50 0,5 (mm) W= 25 (mm) tr ln R = 60 (mm) tr ln Bng 4.1.2-5 Lin kt lp 3 lp 4 lp

Tm si thy tinh bm Tm vi si thy tinh th

Dung lng thy tinh 30 3 (%) 50 35 (%)

14

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Bng 4.1.2-6 Tiu chun chp nhn i vi ct si thy tinh Hng mc th Tm si thy tinh bm Tm vi si thy tinh th Si thy tinh th T l khi Tm si thy lng cht b tinh bm cn d Tm vi si thy tinh th Si thy tinh th Sai s Tiu chun chp nhn 1 m2...........................Khng ln hn 10% i vi mi mu 300 mm x 300 mm.....Khng ln hn 20% i vi mi mu 1 m2...........................Khng ln hn 30% i vi mi mu 300 mm x 300 mm.... Khng ln hn 5% i vi mi mu 15g.............................Khng ln hn 10% i vi mi mu Tr s trung bnh........Khng ln hn 10% Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c ln hn 10% Tr s trung bnh........Khng ln hn 1% Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c ln hn 1% Tr s trung bnh........Khng ln hn 3% Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c ln hn 3% bn ko ca si thy tinh ca Tr s trung bnh.......Khng nh hn 0,35W (kg), trong W l khi tm vi si thy tinh th lng qui nh. Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 trong 5 mu th theo hng si dc v hng si ngang tng ng khng c nh hn 0,35W (kg) Tm si thy bn un Tr s trung bnh........Khng nh hn 150 N/mm2 tinh bm Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c nh hn 150 N/mm2 Si thy tinh M un n hi Tr s trung bnh........Khng nh hn 6,37.103 N/mm2 th (iu kin un Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c nh hn 6,37.103 N/mm2 tiu chun) Tm si thy bn un Tr s trung bnh........Khng nh hn 132 N/mm2 tinh bm Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c nh hn 132 N/mm2 Si thy tinh M un n hi Tr s trung bnh........Khng nh hn 5,79.103 N/mm2 th (cha kh) un Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c nh hn 5,79 N/mm2 Tm vi si bn un Tr s trung bnh........Khng nh hn 260 N/mm2 thy tinh th Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c nh hn 260 N/mm2 (iu kin tiu M un n hi Tr s trung bnh........Khng nh hn 11,78.103 N/mm2 chun) un Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c nh hn 11,78.103 N/mm2 Tm vi si bn un Tr s trung bnh........Khng nh hn 212 N/mm2 thy tinh th Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c nh hn 212 N/mm2 (cha kh) M un n hi Tr s trung bnh........Khng nh hn 9,41.103 N/mm2 un Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c nh hn 9,41.103 N/mm2 Tm si thy bn ko Tr s trung bnh........Khng nh hn 80 N/mm2 tinh bm Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c nh hn 80 N/mm2 Si thy tinh M un n hi Tr s trung bnh........Khng nh hn 6,86.103 N/mm2 th (iu kin ko Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c nh hn 6,86.103 N/mm2 tiu chun) Tm vi si bn ko Tr s trung bnh........Khng nh hn 180N/mm2 thy tinh th Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c nh hn 180 N/mm2 (iu kin tiu M un n hi Tr s trung bnh........Khng nh hn 14,71.103 N/mm2 chun) ko Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng c nh hn 14,71.103 N/mm2 5 Qui trnh th i vi nha dt. (1) Hnh dng v vic chn mu th. (a) Hnh dng v vic chn mu th nha dt phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-7. 15

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Bng 4.1.2-7 Nha dt Hng mc th Hnh dng v kch thc mu th (a) nht v tnh Nha ng cht (b) Thi gian ng Nha cng, thi gian x l ti thiu v nhit pht nhit cc tr (c) Tri s Axit Nha (d) ht nc S lng Theo yu cu 50 1g (Ch thch 1) 1g 5 mu th c (n v: mm) Chn mu th, v.v... Nu nha c ly mu, cc cht trong bnh phi c khuy k chng tr ln ng nht, ly nha th cho vo bnh kh v sch ph hp c th tch bng 2 ln th tch cn thit th v .........

(e) cng Barcol (h) (g) Nhit chu ti

Mu th c Mu th lp 3 mu th c Khng nh hn 110

(f) (j)

bn ko

Mu th c t = 3 0,2 (mm) F = 60 0,5 (mm) G = 50 0,5 (mm) W= 12,5 (mm) tr ln R = 60 (mm) tr ln Mu th lp t = Chiu dy ban u F = 60 0,5 (mm) G = 50 0,5 (mm) W= 25 (mm) tr ln R = 60 (mm) tr ln (i) bn un c ghi nhn t mu th lp

5 mu th c

5 mu th dt 5

Khng nh hn 180 (k) c tnh nhit Tng t nh (h) v (i) cao c ghi nhn t mu th lp
Ch thch: Trong trng hp nha khng c cht xc tc, lng cht xc tc qui nh phi c b sung v c trn theo trng lng nha.

16

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

(b) Phng php ch to mu th c phi ph hp vi i) n iii) di y: i) Cht lm cng v cht xc tc phi do xng sn xut nha qui nh. ii) Kch thc tm c phi sao cho tt c cc mu th yu cu Bng 4.1.2-7 i vi mu th c c th c ct ra t tm . (c) Qui trnh ch to cc lp dng th phi ph hp vi i) v ii) di y: i) Thit b dt phi l tm si thy tinh bm (EM 450) gm 3 lp v hm lng thy tinh phi bng 30 5% khi lng. ii) i vi cc qui trnh khc, phi p dng cc yu cu tng ng 4(1)(b).

Hnh 4.1.2-2

Chn mu th t ct si thy tinh

Hnh 4.1.2-1 Chn mu th t ct si thy tinh (2) Qui trnh th Qui trnh th nu Bng 4.1.2-2 phi ph hp vi (a) n (k) di y: (a) nht v tnh ng cht. i) Nha th c cho nh Bng 4.1.2-7. ii) Thit b o nht kiu t trng phi c s dng. iii) Phi trang b cho thit b o nht r to v thit b bo v (hoc thit b bc) c chn theo nht cho trc ca mu cht lng. 17

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Hnh 4.1.2-5 18

Dng c th un ba im

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Hnh 4.1.2-6 Thit b th tnh ng cng nhit trong phng n v: mm iv) Nha th dng lng (25 0,50C) sau khi c khuy k phi c rt vo dng c cha n mc du trn r to. v) Sau khi nh vy trong khong 5 pht, cho r t quay vi tc 60 vng/pht trong 3 pht, ghi kt qu o. nht c xc nh bng cch nhn kt qu o vi h s c xc nh bi kiu r to c s dng v tc quay. vi) Tip nh vy trong khong 5 pht, sau cho r to quay vi tc 6 vng/pht trong 3 pht, ghi kt qu xc nh nht. vii) Tnh ng cht c xc nh bng cch chia nht c xc nh khi r to quay vi tc 6 vng/pht cho nht tc 60 vng/pht. 19

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

viii) Cc bc nu v) v vi) trn phi c lp li 2 ln hoc hn v tr s trung bnh tng ng c coi l nht v tnh ng cht. ix) Tr s c ly gm 2 ch s, tn ca thit b o nht v s r t phi c ghi li. (b) Thi gian ng cng, thi gian x l ti thiu v nhit pht nhit cc tr. i) Nha th c nu nh Bng 4.1.2-7. ii) Thit b th cng nhit trong phng phi c c nh bn nc iu nhit (25 0,50C) (xem Hnh 4.1.2-6). iii) Nha th phi c nhng vo bn nc iu nhit, sau lng cht lm cng c qui nh phi c b sung khi nhit nha th t ti 25 0,50C v hn hp phi c khuy u. iv) Nha th c b sung cht lm cng phi c rt vo ng th c ng knh 18 mm n mc 100 mm. v) ng th c ng knh 18 mm phi c c nh trong ng th khc c ng knh 30 mm sao cho b mt trn ca ca nha th thp hn b mt cht lng trong bn nc iu nhit khong 10 mm. vi) Mi ni hn ca cp nhit phi v tr mt na chiu cao ca mc nha th v phi c c nh gia ca ng th . Tuy nhin, cp nhit c bc trong ng bo v hoc nhit in tr c th c s dng ti ch cao hn cp nhit. vii) Thi gian cn nha th t ti 300C, tnh t khi cht lm cng c trn vo, phi c coi l thi gian ng cng (pht), v thi gian cn t ti nhit cao nht sau khi b sung cht lm cng phi c coi thi gian x l ti thiu (pht), v nhit cao nht ca nha th t ti phi c coi l nhit pht nhit cc tr (0C). viii) Phi thc hin t 2 ln o tr ln v tr s trung bnh tng ng c gi l thi gian ng cng, thi gian x l ti thiu v nhit pht nhit cc tr. ix) Loi v lng cht lm cng v cht xc tc phi c ghi li. c) Tr s Axit i) Ly 1g nha th cho vo khong 10 ml dung mi hn hp (hn hp gm 7 phn khi lng toluen hydrocacbon (cht th) v 3 phn khi lng methyl alcohol (cht th) ri khuy u ln. ii) B sung cht ch th hn hp v xc nh nng dung dch bng dung dch ethyl alcoholic kali hydroxide 0,1 mol/l (0,1N). iii) Khi mu dung dch chuyn t xanh l cy sang tm nht th ly lm im kt thc. iv) Tr s Axit phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau: 5,61vf / S Trong : v : Lng dung dch ethyl alcoholic kali hydroxide 0,1 mol/l (0,1N) dng ht (ml). f : H s ca dung dch ethyl alcoholic kali hydroxide 0,1 mol/l (0,1N). S : Khi lng ca nha th (g). Ghi ch: Cht ch th hn hp l cht th c to ra bng cch cho 20 ml nc ct vo 0,1g bt bromothymol mn mu xanh da tri v 0,1g fenol , khuy u v b sung dung dch ethyl alcoholic kali hydroxide 0,1 mol/l (0,1N) cho ti khi n i mu, sau pha long n bng nc ct to ra th tch 200 ml. d) ht nc ca mu th c. i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-7. ii) t giy lc ln tm a mi ng c dy khong 10 mm, t mu th ln v nung nng mu th trong l kh iu nhit (50 20C) trong vng 24 1 gi. iii) Lm ngui mu th c nung nng nh ii) nu trn trong t sy v o khi lng. iv) Nhng mu th trong bnh c np cha mt lng nc ct ph hp, bnh vo bn nc iu nhit (25 10C) trong vng 24 gi, v sau ly mu th ra, lm sch nc b mt v o khi lng. Trong khi nhng mu th vo nc ct, khng c chng tip xc vi nhau. v) ht nc phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

20

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

W1 W0 . 100 W0

(%)

Trong : W0 : Khi lng ca mu th sau khi nung (g). W1 : Khi lng ca mu th sau khi nhng vo nc (g). (e) cng Barcol ca mu th c. i) S dng my th cng Barcol kiu 934-1. ii) Gi my th sao cho phn tip xc vung gc vi b mt th ca mu th c t trn cng. iii) Tc ng mt p lc va p t 4,5 n 6,8 kg v ghi kt qu ch bo trn my th cng. iv) Phi m bo rng im o cch mp ngoi ca mu th v cc im o khc t 3 mm tr ln v nhng im o cch ch nhng mu th khc c ly. v) o ti 10 im tr ln. (f) dn di v bn ko ca mu th c. i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-7. ii) Tc ko phi bng 5 mm/pht theo tiu chun. iii) Nu mu th t pha ngoi phm vi cc im o, tr s o ca mu th s khng c chp nhn, cn phi th b sung mu th mi. iv) dn di phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau: dn di ca chiu di o ti ch t x 100 Chiu di ban u v) bn ko phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau: P/A (kg/mm2) (%)

(g)

(h) (i)

(j)

Trong : P : Ti trng t (kg) A : Din tch tit din ca mu th ti im gia (mm2) Nhit chu ti ca mu th c. i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-7. ii) Thit b th phi nh ch ra Hnh 4.1.2 -7. iii) Khi lng ca i trng phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau: th 2 0,123 (kg) Q l Trong : t : Chiu dy ca mu th (mm). h: Chiu cao ca mu th (mm). l : Khong cch gia cc (mm). Q : Khi lng (kg) c xc nh bng cch cng ti trng c c trn ng h o vi khi lng thc ti trng bao gm ... khi lng. iv) C nh mu th vi thit b th trong bn du, tc ng ln n mt ti trng v n nhit ban u 25 10C trong 5 pht. v) Tng nhit ca bn du vi tc 2,0 0,20C/ pht. vi) Nhit khi vng t ti 0,26 mm c ly l nhit chu ti. cng Barcol ca mu th lp. p dng cc yu cu tng ng (e) nu trn. bn un v m un n hi un c xc nh t mu th lp. i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-7. ii) Qui trnh th phi ph hp vi -4(2)(d). bn ko v m un n hi ko c xc nh t mu th lp. i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-7. ii) Qui trnh th phi ph hp vi -4(2)(f). 21

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Hnh 4.1.2-7 Thit b o nhit chu ti trng 22

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

(k) c tnh nhit cao c xc nh t mu th lp. i) cng Barcol. mu th nhit 60 10C trong 24 gi v tin hnh th nh qui nh (e) nu trn trong 1 pht. ii) bn un v m un n hi un. mu th nhit 60 10C trong 24 gi v tin hnh th nh qui nh (i) nu trn nhit 60 20C. (3) Tiu chun. Tiu chun chp nhn i vi kt qu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-8. Bng 4.1.2-8 Tiu chun chp nhn i vi nha dt Hng mc th (a) (b) nht Tnh ng cht Thi gian ng cng Thi gian x l ti thiu Nhit pht nhit cc tr Tr s Axit ht nc Mu th c cng Barcol Mu th c Mu th dt dn di bn ko Nhit chu ti bn un M un n hi un bn ko M un n hi ko cng Barcol bn un M un n hi un Tiu chun chp nhn 1,58 (cn bng) 1,24 Tham kho Tham kho Khng ln hn 1900C Tham kho Tr s trung bnh khng ln hn 0,25% Tr s trung bnh khng nh hn 35 Tr s trung bnh khng nh hn 40 Tr s trung bnh khng nh hn 1,3% Kt qu th ca ti thiu 4 mu th khng nh hn 1,3% Tham kho Tr s trung bnh khng nh hn 600C Kt qu th ca ti thiu 2 mu th khng nh hn 600C Tr s trung bnh khng nh hn 150 N/mm2 Tr s trung bnh khng nh hn 6,37.103 N/mm2 Tr s trung bnh khng nh hn 80 N/mm2 Tr s trung bnh khng nh hn 6,86.103 N/mm2 Tr s trung bnh khng nh hn 60% ca tr s trung bnh ca cuc th (h) Tr s trung bnh khng nh hn 70% ca tr s trung bnh ca cuc th (i) Tr s trung bnh khng nh hn 50% ca tr s trung bnh ca cuc th (i)

(c) (d) (e) (h) (f) Mu th c (g) (i) (j) Mu th dt (k) i) (k) ii)

Qui trnh th vt liu li ca kt cu nhiu lp. (1) Hnh dng v vic chn mu th. (a) Hnh dng v vic chn mu th dng th vt liu li ca kt cu nhiu lp phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-9. (b) Phng php ch to kt cu nhiu lp th phi ph hp vi i) n v) di y: i) Vt liu li phi c chiu dy ln dng lm cc c cu c bn ca kt cu thn tu. ii) c 2 pha ca li, phi dng cc lp M-R-R-M trong M l k hiu tm si thy tinh bm (khi lng qui nh l 5,88 N/mm2) v R l k hiu tm vi si thy tinh th (khi lng qui nh l 7,94 N/mm2). iii) Hm lng thy tinh phi xp x bng 30% i vi cc tm si thy tinh bm v 50% i vi cc tm vi si thy tinh th. 23

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

iv) Hng cun ca tm vi si thy tinh th phi thng hng vi hng dc ca mu th. v) Trong trng hp cht do ct si c bt, phi ch to mu th ca n c hng dc thng hng tng ng vi hng ca bn ti a v hng ca bn ti thiu ca vt liu li. (3) Qui trnh th. (a) Qui trnh th i vi bt nha cng qui nh Bng 4.1.2-3 phi ph hp vi i) n vii) di y: i) T trng 1) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-9. 2) mu th trong l kh iu nhit (25 0,50C) trong khong 30 pht, sau o kch thc v khi lng. 3) Kch thc ca mu th (chiu dy, chiu di v chiu rng) phi c o n 0,1 mm. 4) Khi lng ca mu th phi c o n 0,1 g. 5) T trng phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau: W/V Trong : W : Khi lng ca mu th (g). V : Khi lng ca nc tinh khit ng vi th tch mu th (g). ii) ht nc 1) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-9. 2) Lp bc ca mu th, nu c, phi c tho ra v kch thc phi c o n 0,1 mm. 3) Mu th phi c nhng vo nc ngt (23 30C, ti chiu su 60 mm so vi b mt nc) trong 10 giy. 4) Mu th phi c t ln thit b o dy loi li 3 mm, nghing 300 so vi chiu thng ng trong 30 giy, sau khi lng ban u (W0) phi c o n 0,01g. 5) Mu th c khi lng ban u s c o phi c ngm vo nc ngt (23 30C) trong 24 gi di p lc 100 kPa. 6) Khi lng ca mu th (W1) phi c o bng qui trnh tng t nh qui nh 4) nu trn. 7) ht nc phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

W1 W0 . 100 A
Trong :

(g/100 cm2)

W1 : Khi lng sau khi ht nc (g). W0 : Khi lng ban u (g). A : Din tch b mt mu th (cm2). iii) bn nn v m un n hi nn. 1) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-9. 2) Kch thc mu th phi c o n 0,1 mm. 3) Lc nn phi c tc ng theo hng chiu dy ca sn phm. 4) Tc nn phi bng 5 mm/pht theo tiu chun. 5) bn nn phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau: Pc/A (N/mm2) Trong : Pc : Ti trng m ti cng 0,2% c gy ra do gii hn n hi (N). A : Din tch p lc ca mu th (mm2). 6) M un n hi nn phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

t P A t
24

(N/mm2)

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Trong : P/t : nghing ca phn thng ca ng cong ti trng - co (N/mm) (xem Hnh 4.1.2-9). t : Chiu dy mu th (mm). A : Din tch p lc ca mu th (mm2). iv) Tc lm mm. M un n hi nn nhit 600C phi c o bng bin php thch hp. C th p dng phng php tng ng qui nh 5(2)(g) nu trn. v) bn ko v m un n hi ko. 1) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-9. 2) Qui trnh th phi ph hp vi -4(2)(f). vi) bn un v m un n hi un. 1) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-9. 2) Thit b th phi ph hp vi Hnh 4.1.2-10. 3) Tc cht ti phi bng t/2 mm/pht theo tiu chun, trong t l chiu dy ca mu th (mm). 4) bn un phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau: 3PL1/bt2 (N/mm2) Trong : L1 : Nhp pha ngoi (mm) b : Chiu rng ca mu th (mm). t : Chiu dy ca mu th (mm). P : Ti trng gy (N). 5) Mun n hi un phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

3 L1 L2 P 2 4 bt 3

(N/mm2)

Trong : L1 : Nhp pha ngoi (mm). L2 : Nhp gia (mm). (P/) : nghing ca phn thng ca ng cong ti trng vng (N/mm). : vng ti im gia ca chiu di o (mm). vii) bn ct ca kt cu nhiu lp. 1) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.1.2-9. 2) Thit b th phi ph hp vi Hnh 4.1.2-10. 3) Tc cht ti phi bng t/2 mm/pht theo tiu chun, trong t l chiu dy mu th (mm). 4) bn ct phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

PB 2 t f + tc b

(N/mm2)

Trong : PB : Ti trng t ca vt liu li (N). Tf : Chiu dy trung bnh ca lp trong v lp ngoi ca cc lp FRP (mm). tc : Chiu dy ca vt liu li (mm). b : Chiu rng ca mu th (mm).

25

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Bng 4.1.2-9 Vt liu li ca kt cu nhiu lp Hng mc th i) T trng Hnh dng v kch thc mu th Bt nha cng S lng 5 Chn mu th, v.v...

t : Chiu dy ban u Bulsa Bulsa thnh phm c chiu dy 10 ban u Phi s dng mu th nn iv) 5 ii) iii) ht nc Tng t nh i vi bt nha cng Dung lng m 5 10

Cc tm Bulsa thnh phm (cc tm Bulsa nhn to kh c lin kt cng hng c ct vung gc vi hng si) phi c ly t cc l khc nhau n mc c th. Mi mt mu th phi c ly t mi Bulsa thnh phm c t trng c o

t : Chiu dy ban u iv) Th nn 5 Vt liu th phi c chn c t trng khc nhau n mc c th trong s vt liu to thnh tm Bulsa thnh phm, v mu th phi c chn t nhng vt liu tng ng .

Bt nha cng a = 50 (mm) Bulsa a = 20 50 (mm) t = 50 (mm) v) Th ko 5

t = Chiu dy ban u hoc 20 (mm) F = 60 0,5 (mm) G = 50 0,5 (mm) W = 25 (mm) tr ln R = 60 (mm) tr ln vi) Th un 5

t = Chiu dy ban u hoc 20 (mm) vii) Th ct 5

t : Theo -5)(1)(b)i) 26

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Hnh 4.1.2-8 Biu ti trng rt gn

Hnh 4.1.2-9 Thit b th un 4 im 5) Nhp pha ngoi (L1) phi tha mn biu thc sau y: L1 <

(t

Z . f
f

, + t c b a

(mm)

Trong : Z : M un chng un tit din ca mu th (mm3). tf : Chiu dy trung bnh ca cc lp FRP (mm). b : Chiu rng ca mu th (mm). 27

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

f : bn ko ca cc lp FRP (N/mm2).
, a : bn ct gi nh ca vt liu li (N/mm2).

Hnh 4.1.2-10

Thit b th un 4 im ca kt cu kt cu nhiu lp

(b) Qui trnh th i g Balsa c nu Bng 4.1.2-3 phi ph hp vi i) n iv) di y: i) T trng Qui trnh th phi ph hp vi -6(2)(a)i). Tuy nhin, kch thc v khi lng phi c o nhit trong phng. ii) Dung lng m 1) Sau khi mu th c lm kh nh i) nu trn trong l kh iu nhit ti mt khi lng c nh, khi lng phi c o n 0,1 g. 2) Dung lng m l tr s c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

W1 W2 . 100 W2

(%)

Trong : W1: Khi lng iu kin tiu chun (g). W2 : Khi lng sau khi lm kh (g). iii) bn nn theo hng th g v m un n hi nn. Qui trnh th phi ph hp vi -6(2)(a)iii). Tuy nhin, Pc nu 5) l ti trng ti a (kg). Trong trng hp ny t trng ca mu th phi c xc nh theo i) nu trn. iv) bn ct ca kt cu nhiu lp Qui trnh th phi ph hp vi -6(2)(a)vii). 4.3 4.3.6 Nguyn liu, v.v... G v g dn dng ch to kt cu c bn

G dn ch to cc kt cu c bn phi l g dn kt cu qui nh Tiu chun Nng nghip Nht Bn (JAS) (s 1371, 1969 ca B Nng nghip, Lm nghip v Ngh c) hoc tng ng vi cc c tnh c ch r sau y: Tn ca nha dn. Thnh phn ca lp. Cp khng thm nc. 4.3.7 Li to hnh

Phi p dng tng ng 4.4.4-4(1)(d) v (e) i vi qui trnh th nu li to hnh c tnh vo bn. 28

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

4.4 4.4.4 1 FRP Th vt liu FRP

Phng php ch to lp th i vi cc lp FRP v kt cu nhiu lp. (1) Mi lp th FRP ca cc lp th ca kt cu nhiu lp c cng thnh phn v qui trnh to hnh nh cc lp y, lp v mn v lp boong trn cng phi c ch to. Tuy nhin, nu lp y, lp v mn hoc lp boong trn cng c cng thnh phn vi cc lp khc, mt lp th c th c ch to cho cc thnh phn lp tng t. (2) Kch thc ca mu th phi ct tt c cc mu th qui nh -2 (xem Hnh 4.4.4-1) v -3 di y.

Vic chn mu th phi ph hp vi (1) v (2) di y. (1) Cc lp FRP (bao gm cc lp FRP ca lp trong v lp ngoi ca kt cu nhiu lp). (a) Mu th bn ko v mu th bn un phi c ct ln lt t lp th cch mp ngoi 60 mm (xem Hnh 4.4.4-1).

T c ngha l mu th ko (5 mu) B c ngha l mu th un (5 mu) biu th din tch o cng Barcol hoc hm lng thy tinh. Hnh 4.4.4-1 V tr chn mu th (b) Cc lp th cng Barcol v o dung lng thy tinh phi l mt ct ca mu. (d) Cc lp th ca lp trong v lp ngoi ca kt cu nhiu lp phi c ly bng cch ct li ca kt cu nhiu lp dc to hnh v b mt c lm nhn ca chng. (2) Kt cu nhiu lp. Khi chn mu th un, mu th ko v mu th ct, phi p dng cc yu cu tng ng (1)(a) nu trn. Nu li c tnh vo bn, mi ni phi c thc hin hai v tr. 3 Hnh dng v kch thc ca mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.4.4-1.

29

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Bng 4.4.4-1 Hnh dng v kch thc, v.v... ca mu th Hng mc Chiu dy to hnh cng Barcol Dung lng thy tinh Mu th un v mu th ct Mu th Lp FRP Kt cu nhiu lp Phi s dng mu th un v mu Phi s dng mu th un, mu th ct v mu th ko th ko 2g tr ln cho mt mu Mp ngoi phi c lm nhn Mu th un S lng

3 Mu th ct 5

t (mm) t 20 20 < t 35 35 < t 50 Mu th ko

b (mm) 30 0,5 50 0,5 80 0,5

t = Chiu dy ban u (mm) L1 = 100 200 (mm) L2 = 100 (mm) l = 2L1 + L2 + 60 (mm) C = Xp x 10 (mm) (Nu li c tnh vo bn, phi c mi ni v tr nh ch ra hnh v) t (mm) b (mm) 30 0,5 t 20 50 0,5 20 < t 35 80 0,5 35 < t 50 5

t F G W R

= Chiu dy ban u = 60 0,5 (mm) = 50 0,5 (mm) = 25 (mm) tr ln = 60 (mm) tr ln

t F G W R

= Chiu dy ban u = 60 0,5 (mm) = 50 0,5 (mm) = 25 (mm) tr ln = 60 (mm) tr ln Nu li c tnh vo bn, phi c mi ni tm ca phn song song. Phn c kp hm phi c gia cng.

Qui trnh th phi ph hp vi (1) v (2) di y: (1) Lp th FRP. (a) Chiu dy mu. Phi o chiu dy ca 5 mu th un v mu th ko.

30

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

(b) cng Barcol. Phi p dng cc yu cu tng ng 4.1.2-5(2)(e). (c) Dung lng thy tinh (t l khi lng). i) Sau khi nung ni nu kim loi trong l in Muffle (650 200) cho n khi khi lng ca n tr ln khng i, lm ngui trong t sy v o khi lng ca ca ni (W1). ii) t mu th (2g tr ln) qui nh -2 nu trn vo ni v o khi lng (W2). iii) Lm nng bng l Bunsen hoc l in Muffle sao cho mu th lin tc nng mt cch thch hp. iv) Sau khi nung nng, vo l in Muffle nhit 6250C cho n khi hm lng cc bon hon ton bin mt. v) Lm ngui mu th trong l sy trong 30 pht v o khi lng (W3). vi) Dung lng thy tinh phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

W3 W1 .100 W2 W1

(%)

(d) bn un v m un n hi un. i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.4.4-1. ii) i vi qui trnh th, phi p dng tng ng cc yu cu 4.1.2-4(2)(d). (e) bn ko v m un n hi ko. i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.4.4-1. ii) i vi qui trnh th, phi p dng tng ng cc yu cu 4.1.2-4(2)(f). (2) Kt cu nhiu lp. (a) Chiu dy mu. Chiu dy ca mu th ct v mu th ko phi c o. (b) bn ko. i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.4.4-1. ii) Tc ko phi bng 5 mm/pht theo tiu chun. iii) Nu mu th t pha ngoi ca chiu di o, tr s o c ca mu th s khng c chp nhn v phi th b sung mu th mi. iv) bn ko phi c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

P A f + Ac Ec Ef

(N/mm2)

Trong : P : Ti trng t (N). Ac : Din tch tit din li (mm). Af : Din tch tit din ca lp FRP (mm2). Ec : M un n hi ko ca li c xc nh bng vic th qui nh 4.3.5 ca Qui phm (N/mm2). Ef : M un n hi ko ca lp FRP c xc nh theo (1)(e) nu trn (N/mm2). (c) bn ct i) Mu th phi ph hp vi Bng 4.4.4-1. ii) Qui trnh th phi ph hp vi 4.1.2-6(2)(a)vii). Mt ca FRP c lp dy hn phi c coi l mt chu nn. 5 Kt qu th phi c tng hp li theo qui trnh (1) v (2) di y: (1) Kt qu th lp FRP (xem Bng 4.4.4-2). (2) Kt qu th ca kt cu nhiu lp. (a) Th ko (xem Bng 4.4.4-3). (b) Th ct (xem Bng 4.4.4-4). 31

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

4.4.5 Th bn ca FRP

i vi qui trnh th, p dng tng ng yu cu 4.4.4. Bng 4.4.4-2 Kt qu th ca lp FRP V tr chn cng Barcol Dung lng thy tinh (%) Chiu dy (mm) Hng mc th Th ko M un bn 2 n hi (N/mm ) (N/mm2)

Chiu dy (mm)

Th un bn (N/mm2)

M un n hi (N/mm2)

Tr s trung bnh
Ch thch: 1) Tr s trung bnh ca chiu dy lp FRP phi l tr s trung bnh ca tt c cc mu th ko v mu th un. 2) Kt qu th, tr chiu dy, phi c ly t tr s trung bnh ca 3 mu th trong nhm 5 mu th.

Bng 4.4.4-3 Kt qu th ko lp ca kt cu nhiu lp V tr chn Chiu rng mu th (mm) Tr s trung bnh Chiu dy mu th (mm) Chiu dy li (mm) Hng mc Chiu dy lp (mm) 1)

Ti trng t (N)

bn ko (N/mm2)

Ghi ch
3)

2)

Ch thch: 1) Chiu dy lp phi c xc nh bng cch ly tng chiu dy ca kt cu nhiu lp tr i chiu dy ca li. 2) Tr s trung bnh ca bn ko phi c ly bng gi tr trung bnh ca 3 tr s nh hn. 3) Trong ct Ghi ch phi in v tr ch t v tnh trng mi ni.

Bng 4.4.4-4 Kt qu th ct ca lp ca kt cu nhiu lp V tr chn Chiu rng mu th (mm) Chiu dy mu th (mm) Chiu dy li (mm) Chiu dy lp (mm) 1) Hng mc P/ Ze (cm3) (N)
2) 3)

Zc (cm3)
4)

Ti trng t (N) -

bn ko (N/mm2)
5)

Ghi ch
7)

Tr s trung bnh L1 = __________(mm)

6)

Ghi ch: 1) Chiu dy lp phi c xc nh bng cch tr i chiu dy ca kt cu nhiu lp.................. 2) P/ l nghing ca phn thng ca ng cong ti trng sc cng v tr s sc cng ca lp ngoi hoc lp trong, ly tr s no ln hn. 3) Ze =

L1 P -3 . 10 2E f

(cm3)

32

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 4

Trong : L1 : Nhp ngoi (mm) Ef : M un n hi ca lp FRP c tr s c xc nh t cuc th qui nh 4.4.4-4(1)(e). 4) Zc : M un tit din ca mu th ca kt cu nhiu lp c xc nh bng cch tnh nh sau: Zc =

1 3 3 2 2 12 t1 + t 2 + t1 y1 + t 2 y 2 b 1 t2 + y2 2

Trong : t1, t2 (t1 > t2), tc, b : nh qui nh Hnh 4.4.4-2. y1 =

(t1 + t 2 + 2t c )t 2 2(t1 + t 2 )

y2 =

(t1 + t 2 + 2t c )t1 2(t1 + t 2 )

5) bn ct phi c xc nh theo cuc th qui nh 4.4.4-4(2)(e). 6) Tr s trung bnh ca lc ct phi c xc nh t gi tr trung bnh ca 3 tr s trong nhm nh. 7) Trong ct Ghi ch phi in v tr ch t v tnh trng mi ni.

Hnh 4.4.4-2

33

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 5

Chng 5 5.5 5.5.1 1 2 Gn v ghp Gn

to hnh

Trong trng hp b mt gn l lp nha ph hoc nha c x l bng khng kh (kiu cha paraphin), vic lm sch b mt bng ct phi c thc hin bng cch b i ti thiu 0,4 mm chiu dy lp. Lp th nht ca ct si thy tinh trn b mt c gn khng c l tm vi si thy tinh th m phi l tm si thy tinh bm. Mp ngoi ca din tch gn phi c dt cc b sao cho c chiu dy ln hn, hoc vic gn s cp phi thc hin sao cho mp thon u ln nh minh ha Hnh 5.1 v Hnh 5.2 ca Qui phm. Trong trng hp lin kt tm, s lng lp lin kt tm phi c xc nh tng ng vi khong trng gia cc lp FRP, tm si thy tinh bm c tm mt lng nha ln hn mt cht (dung lng thy tinh: 25% hoc trn mt cht) phi c chn vo gia v phi c p vi p lc t 3 n 3,5 kPa. Lin kt ghp Lin kt L

5.6 5.6.2

Nu s dng lin kt L, chiu dy ca lp chng mi mi t phi khng nh hn t nhng phn quan trng v khng nh hn 2/3t nhng phn khc.

34

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 6

Chng 6 6.1 6.1.3 1 bn dc

bn dc

Tnh ton m un chng un ca tit din ngang

T s gia g, g dn kt cu v li ca kt cu nhiu lp c tnh vo bn dc phi nh sau y: (1) G thng v g Phi lp pin: 1,0 (2) G dn kt cu: 0,8 (3) Vt liu li khc: xc nh bng th nghim qui nh 4.3.5-2 hoc 4.3.7-2 ca Qui phm. Trong trng hp, nu g dn kt cu c tnh vo bn dc c lin kt vt mp, chiu di lin kt phi khng nh hn 6 ln chiu dy theo tiu chun.

35

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6259 : 2003, Chng 8

Chng 8 8.2 8.2.3 Chiu dy ti thiu ca boong Ti trng boong h

boong

Trong trng hp c nh c c ch trn boong nh tu c, ti trng boong h phi l tr s c qui nh 8.2.3-3(1) v (2) ca Qui phm hoc tr s c xc nh theo cng thc sau, ly gi tr no ln hn. 0,22 L + 10 (kN/m2)

36

Hng dn p dng TCVCN 6282 : 2003, Chng 11

Chng 11 11.1 11.1.3 X boong M un chng un tit din ca x ngang boong

x boong

Trong trng hp c nh c c ch trn boong nh tu c, ti trng boong h phi l tr s qui nh 11.1.3(3) v (b) ca Qui phm hoc tr s c xc nh theo cng thc sau, ly gi tr ln hn. 0,15 L + 6,9 (kN/m2)

37

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 13

Chng 13 13.2 13.2.3 Kt cu ca vch kn nc Lp vch bng g dn kt cu

vch kn nc

bn un ca g dn c th ly bng tr s c xc nh bng vic th un qui nh JAS (iu 1371, 1969 ca B Nng nghip, Lm nghip v Ngh c Nht Bn).

38

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 14

Chng 14 14.2 14.2.3 Cc lp ca tm vch kt su Vch bng g dn kt cu

kt su

bn un ca g dn phi ph hp vi 13.2.3.

39

Hng dn p dng TCVN 6282 : 2003, Chng 19

Chng 19 19.2 19.2.2 Lp t my chnh, kt du t v ni t Kt du t

h thng my tu

Cm t bin php thch hp lm chm lan truyn la v chu la 19.2.2 ca Qui phm ngha l phi bc vt liu khng chy hoc c 3 lp c tm nha lm chm lan truyn la. Nha lm chm lan truyn la nu trn phi c kt cu nh nu trong tiu chun Tnh khng chy cp 1 n cp 3 ca JIS (Tiu chun cng nghip Nht Bn) A 1321, hoc nh nu trong Tnh khng chy, T lm tt hoc Tnh chu nung cp V-1 hoc V-1 i vi vic th chu nung trong JIS K 6911.

40