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4 Types Of Data – Nominal, Ordinal, Discrete and

Continuous
By Great Learning Team / Updated on Mar 8, 2024 / 90617

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Introduction – Importance of Data
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“Data is the new oil.” TodayDon’t
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structured data.
This This data is so important for us that it
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becomes important to handle and store it properly, without any error. While working on these
data, it is important to know the types
Expert of data to process them and get the right results. There
Insights
are two types of data: Qualitative and Quantitative data, which are further classified into:
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The data is classified into four categories:
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Nominal data.
Ordinal data.
Discrete data.
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Continuous data.
So there are 4 Types of Data: Nominal, Ordinal, Discrete, and Continuous.

Now business runs on data, and most companies use data for their insights to create and
launch campaigns, design strategies, launch products and services or try out different things.
According to a report, today, at least 2.5 quintillion bytes of data are produced per day.

Also read: 22 Top Data Science Books – Learn Data Science Like an Expert

Types of Data

Qualitative or Categorical Data

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Qualitative or Categorical Data data complete StudyorAbroad
that can’t be measured counted in Guide to
the form of
numbers. These types of data are sorted by category, not by number. That’s why it is also
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known as Categorical Data. These data consist of audio, images, symbols, or text. The gender
of a person, i.e., male, female, or others,
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Qualitative data tells aboutWhy
the perception of people.
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understand the customers’ tastes and then design their ideas and strategies accordingly.
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The other examples of qualitative
Tailored Pathwaysdata are :
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What language do you speak
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Favorite holiday destination
Opinion on something (agree, disagree, or neutral)
Colors

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The Qualitative data are further classified into two parts :
Nominal Data

Nominal Data is used to label variables without any order or quantitative value. The color of
hair can be considered nominal data, as one color can’t be compared with another color.

The name “nominal” comes from the Latin name “nomen,” which means “name.” With the
help of nominal data, we can’t do any numerical tasks or can’t give any order to sort the data.
These data don’t have any meaningful order; their values are distributed into distinct
categories.

Examples of Nominal Data :

Colour of hair (Blonde, red, Brown, Black, etc.)

Marital status (Single, Widowed, Married)
Nationality (Indian, German, American)
Gender (Male, Female, Others)
Eye Color (Black, Brown, etc.)

Ordinal Data

Ordinal data have natural ordering where a number is present in some kind of order by their
position on the scale. These data are used for observation like customer satisfaction,
happiness, etc., but we can’t do any arithmetical tasks on them.

Ordinal data is qualitative data for which their values have some kind of relative position.
These kinds of data can be considered “in-between” qualitative and quantitative data. The
ordinal data only shows the sequences and cannot use for statistical analysis. Compared to
nominal data, ordinal data have some kind of order that is not present in nominal data.
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Examples of Ordinal Data : your dream
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Ranking of people in a competition
Why Download(First,This
Second, Third, etc.)
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Economic Status (High, Medium, and Low)
Education Level (Higher, Secondary, Primary)
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Difference between Nominal and Ordinal Data
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Nominal Data Ordinal Data

Nominal data can’t be quantified, neither Ordinal data gives some kind of sequential order by
they have any intrinsic ordering their position on the scale
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 Nominal data is qualitative data or Ordinal data is said to be “in-between” qualitative
categorical data data and quantitative data

They don’t provide any quantitative value, They provide sequence and can assign numbers to
neither can we perform any arithmetical ordinal data but cannot perform the arithmetical
operation operation

Nominal data cannot be used to compare Ordinal data can help to compare one item with
with one another another by ranking or ordering

Examples: Eye color, housing style, gender,

Examples: Economic status, customer satisfaction,
hair color, religion, marital status, ethnicity,
education level, letter grades, etc
etc

Quick Check – Introduction to Data Science

Quantitative Data

Quantitative data can be expressed in numerical values, making it countable and including
statistical data analysis. These kinds of data are also known as Numerical data. It answers the
questions like “how much,” “how many,” and “how often.” For example, the price of a phone,
the computer’s ram, the height or weight of a person, etc., falls under quantitative data.

Quantitative data can be used for statistical manipulation. These data can be represented on
a wide variety of graphs and charts, such as bar graphs, histograms, scatter plots, boxplots,
pie charts, line graphs, etc.

Examples of Quantitative Data :

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Height or weight of a person or object
Room Temperature kickstart your dream
Scores and Marks (Ex: 59, 80, 60, etc.)
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The Quantitative data are further classified into two parts :

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Discrete Data
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The term discrete means distinct or separate.
Financial The discrete data contain the values that fall
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under integers or whole numbers. The total
Seamless number of students in a class is an example of
Preparation
discrete data. These data can’t be broken into decimal or fraction values.

The discrete data are countable and have finite values; their subdivision is not possible. These
Get
data are represented mainly by a Free Guide number
bar graph, Book line, or frequency table.
Examples of Discrete Data :

Total numbers of students present in a class

Cost of a cell phone
Numbers of employees in a company
The total number of players who participated in a competition
Days in a week

Continuous Data

Continuous data are in the form of fractional numbers. It can be the version of an android
phone, the height of a person, the length of an object, etc. Continuous data represents
information that can be divided into smaller levels. The continuous variable can take any
value within a range.

The key difference between discrete and continuous data is that discrete data contains the
integer or whole number. Still, continuous data stores the fractional numbers to record
different types of data such as temperature, height, width, time, speed, etc.

Examples of Continuous Data :

Height of a person
Speed of a vehicle
“Time-taken” to finish the work
Wi-Fi Frequency
Market share price

Difference between Discrete and Continuous Data

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Discrete Data Continuous Data

Discrete data are countable and finite; they are Continuous data are measurable; they are in the
Don’t let your dream of studying abroad stay just a dream. With
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Discrete data are represented mainly by bar Continuous data are represented in the form of
graphs a histogram
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The values cannot be divided into subdivisions
Tailored Pathways The values can be divided into subdivisions into
into smaller pieces smaller pieces
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Continuous data are in the form of a continuous
Discrete data have spaces between the values
sequence

Examples: Total students in a class, number of Example: Temperature of room, the weight of a
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days in a week, size of a shoe, etc person, length of an object, etc
Conclusion
In this article, we have discussed the data types and their differences. Working on data is
crucial because we need to figure out what kind of data it is and how to use it to get valuable
output out of it. It is also important to know what kind of plot is suitable for which data
category; it helps in data analysis and visualization. Working with data requires good data
science skills and a deep understanding of different types of data and how to work with them.

Different types of data are used in research, analysis, statistical analysis, data visualization,
and data science. This data helps a company analyze its business, design its strategies, and
help build a successful data-driven decision-making process.

If these data-driven topics got you interested in pursuing professional courses or a career in
the field of Data Science. Log on to our website and explore courses delivered by industry
experts.

Types of data FAQs

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