Kha h c LTH mn Ti ng Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng M nh quan h v cch k t h p cu c cng ch ng

M NH QUAN H V CCH K T H P CU C CNG CH NG

(TI LI U BI GI NG)

Gio vin: V TH MAI PHNG

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A. VAI TR C A I T QUAN H

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Ex: a. The man/who is standing at the door / is my teacher. b. My son is the boy/ whom you see at the desk. + Cu (a) c hai m nh : - The man is my teacher. - who is standing at the door. Theo nguyn t c chung, m i t trong cu ch c th gi m t ch c nng. The man lm ch ng cho ng t is m nh chnh th khng th lm ch ng cho ng t is m nh chnh th khng th lm ch ng cho ng t is standing m nh ph n a. Ph i dng i t quan h who thay th cho the man lm ch ng cho is standing. B. M NH TNH NG (ADJECTIVE CLAUSE)

Xt t hai th d trn, ta th y nh ng m nh ph b t u b ng i t quan h c tnh ch t nh nh ng tnh ng b ngha (xc nh, lm r) cho danh t (ho c i t ) ng tr c n. l lo i m nh tnh ng . 1. I T QUAN H XC NH (Defining Relative Pronouns) Ch ng (subject) Who That Which Tn ng (Object) Whom That Which S h u (possessive) Whose of which, whose

Thay cho ng i Thay cho v y

a. Thay cho ng i + Lm ch ng : (who, that) Ex: That boy who sits next to me is very clever. (that) I dont like the men who dont speak the truth. (that) Ch : Ng i ta th ng dng who hn that (xem thm that) + Lm tn ng : (whom, that) Ex: The doctor whom she visited is my brother. (that)
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Kha h c LTH mn Ti ng Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng M nh quan h v cch k t h p cu c cng ch ng

The man whom you are speaking to is my teacher. (that) Ch : Ng i ta c th dng Whom hay that. Nhng trong vn ni, ng i ta cng dng Who. Ex: The man who you are speaking to is my teacher. Ng i ta cng c th n i t quan h . Ex: The doctor she visited is my brother. The man you are speaking to is my teacher. (xem m c Khi no c th n c i t quan h xc nh) + Ch s h u: (whose) Ex: Mr. X is the barber whose shop is opposite my house.

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b. Thay cho v t: + Lm ch ng (which, that) WWW.EDUCATIONPVA.TK Ex: The pencil which is lying on the desk is mine (that) You can see the plane which is flying over our head. (that) Ch : Ng i ta th ng dng which hn that. (xem thm m c Nh ng tr ng h p ch dng that) + Lm tn ng (which, that) The flowers which I cut this morning are still fresh. (that) The picture which you are talking about is very beautiful. (that) Ch : Ng i ta th ng dng which hn that. (xem thm m c Nh ng tr ng h p ch dng that) ho c ng i ta c th n c: Ex: The flowers I cut this morning are still fresh. The picture you are talking about is very beautiful. i t quan h xc nh ch ng khng th n c. Ch c th n tr ng h p n lm tn ng . Tr ng h p tn ng tr c ti p (direct object) Ex: The man (whom) you see at the door is my friend. (that) The flowers (which) I cut this morning are still fresh. (that) 2. NH NG TR NG H P TH NG CH DNG THAT Nh trn ch thch ng i ta th ng dng who, whom, which hn that, tuy nhin trong m t s tr ng h p ng i ta th ng dng that nhi u hn nh: - Sau m t tnh t d ng so snh tuy t i (superlative). - Sau all, any, only, it is - Khi t ng tr c bao g m c ng i l n v t.
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Kha h c LTH mn Ti ng Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng M nh quan h v cch k t h p cu c cng ch ng

Ex: He is the most courageous man that ever lived. All the people (that) I have met disliked him. Any paper (that) you read will give you the same story. It is the teacher that decides what you read. He is the only boy that can answer all the questions in the test. i n vo ch tr ng b ng i t quan h xc nh thch h p. 1. A child lives at school is a boarder. 2. The magazine you lent me yesterday is very interesting. 3. The letter I received yesterday had no stamp on it. 4. Whats the name of the boy came here yesterday? 5. The butcher shop is opposite my house always sells good meat. 6. Do you know the man lives opposite my house? 7. I gave him all the stamps I had. 8. Show me the picture of you are talking about. 9. Is the street leads to your school very wide? 10. The boy is sitting next to me is not very clever. 11. Any man listens to you is a fool. 12. He is the most intelligent boy I have ever met. 13. He is a man word you can rely on. 14. He is the boy father came to see you yesterday. n i t quan h xc nh trong tr ng h p c th c (n u c n c th chuy n v tr c a gi i t ) 1. The concert to which we listened came from England. 2. The old man who lives next door is a famous doctor. 3. He is the only man that can solve this problem. 4. The people whom you lived with in Hai Phong are coming to see you. 5. I know the boy whom you are talking about. 6. The pen which I lost was a good one. 7. The boy who threw that stone will be punished. 8. Where is the shop which sells picture-postcards? 9. Did you give him all the books that you had? 10. The knife which we use to cut the bread is very sharp. 11. The glass out of which you are drinking hasnt been washed. 3. I T QUAN H KHNG XC NH (Non-defining Relative Pronouns)

i t quan h khng xc nh gi i thi u m t m nh tnh ng khng c nhi m v xc nh r danh t (ho c i t ) m n h p v i. Danh t t n xc nh r i. M nh tnh ng ny ch c gi tr thm , v c g i l m nh tnh ng khng xc nh. Nh ng i t quan h khng xc nh l: Ch ng Tn ng S h u Thay cho Who Whom Whose ng i Thay cho v t Which Which of which, whose
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Kha h c LTH mn Ti ng Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng M nh quan h v cch k t h p cu c cng ch ng

Ghi nh : 1. Khng dng that. 2. Trong b t c tr ng h p no cng khng n c. 3. M nh tnh ng khng xc nh bao gi cng t gi a hai d u ph y (,) Ex: a) Thay cho ng i. + Lm ch ng : Who Marie Curie, who discovered radium, is one of the greatest women of our age. + Lm tn ng : Whom My brother Nam, whom you saw yesterday, wants to speak to you. Beethoven, whom you are speaking about, was one of the worlds finest composers. (or: Beethoven, about whom you are speaking, was one of the worlds finest composer). Ch : V tr c a gi i t about cu th d th 2. + Ch s h u: Whose Chopin, whose works are world-famous, was born in Poland. b. Thay cho v t: + Lm ch ng : Which Budapest, which is on the Danube, is a beautiful city. Swimming, which is a good sport, make us strong. + Lm tn ng : Which Air, which we breathe, is made up of many gases. Geometry, which he knows nothing about, seems a very dull subject for him. or: Geometry, about which he knows nothing, seems a very dull subject for him. i n i t quan h vo cc cu sau: 1. Oxford University is one of the oldest in the world has many different colleges. 2. Smoking is a bad habit is nevertheless popular. 3. Hamlet you are going to see tomorrow was written by Shakespeare. 4. The man you spoke to in the street is my eldest brother. 5. His book is the best has ever been written on that subject. 6. He is one of the men I feel I can trust. 7. Can you remember the man you took it from? 8. The knife we use to cut the pencil is very dull. 9. Fear is an evil may lead to sin. 10. The science of medicine inprogress has been very rapid lately is perhaps the most important of all science. 11. Mozart music you have just been listening to was one of the worlds finest composers. 12. My uncle Nam in I have great confidence says I will pass my examination if I work hard. 13. What is the name of the girl came here last night? 14. His stepmother he is living with is not very kind to him.
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Kha h c LTH mn Ti ng Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng M nh quan h v cch k t h p cu c cng ch ng

4. M T S

I M C N LU

a. M nh tnh ng c th b t u b ng: Where, when, why (g i l ph t quan h ) + When: in/on which. Dng thay cho danh t ch th i gian. Ex: I remember the day when we first met (m nh xc nh). We will put off the picnic until the next week, when the weather may be better (m nh khng xc nh). + Where: in/at which. Dng thay cho danh t ch ni ch n. Ex: This is the house where he lived with his parents in his childhood (m nh xc nh). They went to Ba Dinh square, where they would attend a big meeting (m nh khng xc nh). + Why: for which. Dng thay cho dnh t ch nguyn nhn, l do. Ex: I know the reason why he was so angry. The reason why he came is not very convincing. b.What cng c tr ng h p dng lm i t quan h . N c c i m l khng thay cho m t danh t hay i t no ng tr c n, v do tng ng v i: - the thing that (ci m i u m) - the things that (nh ng ci m nh ng i u m) Ex: Tell me what you want to know. When she sees what you have done, she will be furious Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng Ngu n Hocmai.vn : WWW.EDUCATIONPVA.TK

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Kha h c LTH mn Ti ng Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng M nh quan h v cch k t h p cu c cng ch ng

M NH QUAN H V CCH K T H P CU C CNG CH NG

(BI T P T LUY N)

Gio vin: V TH MAI PHNG

I. Choose the most suitable word to complete sentence. 1. My friend, Jack, (that, who, whose) parents live in Glasgow, invited me to spend Christmas in Scotland. 2. Heres the computer program (that, whom, whose) I told you about. 3. I dont believe the story (that, who, whom) she told us. 4. Peter comes from Whitney, (that, who, which) is near Oxford. 5. This is the gun with (that, whom, which) the murder was committed. 6. Is this the person (whom, which, whose) you asked me about. 7. Have you received the parcel (whom, whose, which) we sent you? 8. Thats the girl (that, who, whose) brother sits next to me. 9. The meal,(that, which, whose) wasnt very tasty, was expensive. 10. We didnt enjoy the play (that, who, whose) we went to see. 11. She gives her children everything (that, what, who) they want. 12. Tell me (what, that, which) you want and Ill give it to you. 13. The reason (why, that, what) I phoned him was to invite him to party. 14. I dont like people (who, whom, whose) never stops talking. 15. The day (which, that, when) they arrived was Sunday. 16. Ann, (whose, who, whom) children are at school all day is trying to get a job. II. Rewrite these sentences, using relative pronouns 1. Brenda is a friend. I went on holiday with her. .. 2. This is Mr. Smith. His son Bill plays in our team. 3. Her book was published last year. It became a best seller. 4. This is the bank. We borrowed the money from it. . 5. I told you about a person. She is at the door. . 6. Jacks car had broken down. He had to take a bus. .. 7. I lent you a book. The book was written by one my friends. ... 8. Some boys were arrested. They have been released. .
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Kha h c LTH mn Ti ng Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng M nh quan h v cch k t h p cu c cng ch ng

9. Do you know a restaurant? We can have a good meal there. . 10. I dont remember the day. I left school on that day. ..

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Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng

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Kha h c LTH mn Ti ng Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng M nh quan h v cch k t h p cu c cng ch ng

M NH QUAN H V CCH K T H P CU C CNG CH NG

(P N BI T P T LUY N)

Gio vin: V TH MAI PHNG

I. Choose the most suitable word to complete sentence. 1. My friend, Jack, (that, who, whose) parents live in Glasgow, invited me to spend Christmas in Scotland. 2. Heres the computer program (that, whom, whose) I told you about. 3. I dont believe the story (that, who, whom) she told us. 4. Peter comes from Whitney, (that, who, which) is near Oxford. 5. This is the gun with (that, whom, which) the murder was committed. 6. Is this the person (whom, which, whose) you asked me about. 7. Have you received the parcel (whom, whose, which) we sent you? 8. Thats the girl (that, who, whose) brother sits next to me. 9. The meal, (that, which, whose) wasnt very tasty, was expensive. 10. We didnt enjoy the play (that, who, whose) we went to see. 11. She gives her children everything (that, what, who) they want. 12. Tell me (what, that, which) you want and Ill give it to you. 13. The reason (why, that, what) I phoned him was to invite him to party. 14. I dont like people (who, whom, whose) never stops talking. 15. The day (which, that, when) they arrived was Sunday. 16. Ann, (whose, who, whom) children are at school all day is trying to get a job. II. Rewrite these sentences, using relative pronouns 1. Brenda is a friend. I went on holiday with her. Brenda, whom I went on holiday with, is a friend. 2. This is Mr. Smith. His son - Bill plays in our team. This is Mr. Smith, whose son plays in our team. 3. Her book was published last year. It became a best seller. Her book, which was published last year, became a best seller 4. This is the bank. We borrowed the money from it. This is the bank we borrowed the money from. 5. I told you about a person. She is at the door. I told you about the person who is at the door 6. Jacks car had broken down. He had to take a bus. Jack whose car had broken down had to take a bus 7. I lent you a book. The book was written by one my friends. I lent you the book which was written by one of my friends 8. Some boys were arrested. They have been released. Some boys who were arrested have been released.
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Kha h c LTH mn Ti ng Anh Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng M nh quan h v cch k t h p cu c cng ch ng

9. Do you know a restaurant? We can have a good meal there. Do you know a restaurant where we can have a good meal? 10. I dont remember the day. I left school on that day. I dont remember the day when I left school. Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng Hocmai.vn Ngu n : WWW.EDUCATIONPVA.TK

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