Class 11 Maths Integrated Project
Topic: Permutations and Combinations
Objective:
To understand the concepts of permutations and combinations, their applications, and how they
differ.
This project will include real-life applications, formulas, problem-solving, and an interdisciplinary
approach.
Introduction:
- Define Permutations and Combinations:
- Permutations: The arrangement of objects in a specific order. E.g., arranging books on a shelf.
- Combinations: The selection of objects without considering the order. E.g., choosing a team from
a group of people.
- Difference: Briefly explain how permutations focus on order, while combinations do not.
Theory & Formulas:
1. Permutations:
- Formula: P(n, r) = n! / (n-r)!
- Explanation of factorial notation, with examples like arranging people in a line.
2. Combinations:
- Formula: C(n, r) = n! / (r!(n-r)!)
- Describe choosing items without considering order, with examples like selecting team members.
Real-Life Applications:
1. Permutations:
- Arranging books, seating arrangements, phone number generation, password creation, etc.
- Example: A restaurant has 5 tables, and guests want to sit at 3 tables in a specific order. Find
the number of arrangements.
2. Combinations:
- Selecting teams, lottery games, committee formations, card games.
- Example: A school wants to form a committee of 4 students out of 10. Calculate the number of
ways to choose the committee.
Activities & Interdisciplinary Integration:
1. Mathematics:
- Include problem sets with solutions, exploring different scenarios for permutations and
combinations.
2. Statistics and Probability:
- Connect permutations and combinations with probability. E.g., probability of drawing a specific
card from a deck.
3. Computer Science:
- Write a simple code to calculate permutations and combinations.
Practical Examples:
1. Playing Cards: Find the number of ways to select a hand of 5 cards from a deck.
2. License Plates: Discuss the arrangements of numbers and letters in creating unique license
plates.
3. Sports Team Selection: Example of forming teams from a pool of players, explaining selection vs.
arrangement.
Conclusion:
Summarize the project by reflecting on:
- The difference between permutations and combinations.
- Practical importance in daily life and other subjects like computer science and probability.
- Challenges faced and how understanding these concepts can be applied in other mathematical
areas.
References:
- Textbook references, online educational platforms, and tools like Wolfram Alpha for problem
verification.
