ΚΕΕ-ΓΕΩΜΕΤΡΙΑ B ΛΥΚΕΙΟΥ

2000
, /
, /
- , , .d.
,
, ..
, ..
, ..
, .., .d.
, .., .d.
, ..
Copyright (C) 2000:

91, 105 56

, ,
,
.
...............................................................................................5
...............................................................7
9

-...................................................... 9
............................................................. 13
......................................................................... 18
........................................................................ 22
.............................................................................. 24
.................................................... 37
- - ........................... 45
10

-.................................................... 82
............................................................. 84
......................................................................... 89
........................................................................ 95
.............................................................................. 98
.................................................. 113
- - ......................... 119
11
-.................................................. 146
........................................................... 148
...................................................................... 153
....................................................................... 157
............................................................................ 160
.................................................. 169
- - ......................... 173
12
-.................................................. 197
........................................................... 201
....................................................................... 205
...................................................................... 206
............................................................................ 214
.................................................. 221
- - ......................... 227
13
-.................................................. 251
........................................................... 256
...................................................................... 264
............................................................................ 269
.................................................. 281
- - ......................... 287
- :
: -

,

.
,
.
,
,
.

,

.

, .
,
,
.

.

,

.

,

..., .
,

.
..., ,
,
. , ,

(
, ,
.)
, .

,
,
.
,
, ,

.
.
..,
, .
1997
.
, 2000
.. ...

(...),
,

, .
, (
...)
.
.

(*)
.

(**)

.

,
,
, .
, 2000
9:
-
() () .
1. * 2 = 2 + 2,
:
i.
ii.
ii.
iv. 2 =
v. 2 =
2. *
B
i. 2 =
2
ii. =
2
iii. =
vi. =
3. *
,
, :
i. 2 =
2
2
2
iii. = + 2
ii. 2 = 22 +
- 2
iv. = -
v. = +
vi. 2 =
2
+ 2
4
4. * . 2 > 2 + 2.
5. * , ,
2 > 2 + 2, .
2
6. * . < + .
7. * , , < + ,
.
2
8. * , = .
9. * A < 90 2 < 2 + 2.
10. * , ,
: 2 < 2 + 2, 2 < 2 + 2, 2 < 2 + 2,

.
11. * , ,
: 2 > 2 + 2, 2 < 2 + 2, 2 > 2 + 2.

12. * , , ,

,
, .
13. * 5, 7, 9 .
14. *

: A 2 - 2 = 2.
15. * ,
,
2 = 2 + 2 - 2.
16. *
, , :
2 = 2 + 2 - 2 2 = 2 + 2 + 2,
.
10
17. * = 6 cm,
= 8 cm = 7 cm.
.
2 cm.
18. * .
2 + 2 = 2 2 +
2
.
2
19. *
.
:
2 + 2 = 22 +
2
.
2
20. * ,
.
21. * ,
22. * G
B
=
BG
.
G
11
23.

. =
=
x
5 +1

2
.
24. *
= ,
= R. = 2 - R2.
25. *
(, R) = < R.

, ,
. = R2 - 2.
26. *
.
27. *
.
.

.
28. * = 4
cm, = 3 cm =
OA
= x.
3
x 2 cm.
12
29. *

= 3 cm, = 6 cm,
= 2 cm = 8 cm.
13

1. *
:
i. 2 =
2
iii. =
v.
ii. 2 =
2
iv. + =
2
=
2
B
2. * cm :
ii. 4
iii. 5
iv. 6
v. 7
i. 3
cm
ii. 3
iii. 2,2
iv. 3,2
v. 3,5
iv. 5
cm
4 cm
B
4. * cm :
iii. 4
6 cm
3 cm
i. 5,5 ii. 8
cm
3. * cm :
i. 2
v. 4,5
10 cm
x
m
5. *
5 ,
:
i. 3,
ii. ,
iii. , 2
13
iv. ,
v.
cm
6c
3 , 2
6. *
2 ,
:
i.
1
1
,
2
2
ii. ,
iii.
1
,
3
iv.
1
1
,
4
4
v. ,
7. * 4 cm. cm
:
ii. 5
i. 2 2
iii. 5 2 ,
v. 2
iv. 3 2
8. *
2 cm 4 cm cm:
i. 8
iii. 6,
ii. 3 2
v. 3
iv. 2 2
9. *
= 2.
:
i. 3
ii. 4
iii. 2
iv. 1
v. 5
10. * = 4 cm,
= 5 cm
= 30.
cm :
i. 3
iv.
21
ii.
41
v.
20
iii.
10
11. * :
i. 2 = 2 + 2 +
ii. 2 = 2 - 2 - 2
iii. 2 = 2 + 2 +
iv. 2 = 2 + 2 -
v. 2 = 2 + 2
14
12. * A < 90
:
i. 2 = 2 + 2 - 2
ii. 2 = 2 + 2 - 2
iii. 2 = 2 + 2
iv. 2 = 2 + 2 + 2
v. 2 = 2 + 2
13. * , , 2 = 2 + 2 + .
= :
i. 45
ii. 30
iii. 60
iv. 75
v. 15
14. * A = 90, > ,
= .
:
i. 2 + 2 = 42
ii. 2 - 2 = 2
iii. 2 = 2 + 2 +
iv. 2 + 2 = 2 2 +
2
2
v. 2 + 2 = 22 +
BM 2
2
15. * ( A = 90) :
i. 2 + 2 = 2
ii. 2 + 2 = 2 2
iv. 2 + 2 = 4 2
v. 2 + 2 = 5 2
15
iii. 2 + 2 = 3 2
16. * < ,
. :
i. 2 - 2 = 2.
ii. 2 - 2 = 2.
iii. 2 + 2 = 2.
iv. 2 + 2 = 2.
v.
17. * , , : 2 = 2 + 2 - 2,
. < , :
i. < 90
ii. > 90
iii. = 90
iv. A > 90
v. > 90
18. * = 10 cm, = 9 cm = 7 cm
cm :
i.
5
3
ii. 8
iii. 9
iv.
17
2
v.
19
2
19. * = 5 cm, = 7 cm
= 6 cm.
. :
i. 1
ii. 2
iv. 3
v. 4
iii. 2,5
20. * = 2 cm, = 9 cm,
= 6 cm.
, , , :
i.
6
9
ii.
6.9
2
iii.
2.6
2
16
iv.
15
2
v. 3
21. * :
i. =
ii. =
iii. =
iv. =
v. =
22. * :
i. =
ii. =
iii. =
iv. =
v. =
23. * (, R) .
. :
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
24. * :
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
17

1. *
.
.

. 10
1. 4
. 6
2.
72
. 8
3. 4 2
. 4 2
4.
. 12
.
1
18
2. *
.
.

. 2 = 2 - 2
1. = 90
. 2 < 2 + 2
. 2 > 2 + 2
2. < 90
. 2 + 2 = 2
3. = 90
. 2 - 2 > 2
. 2 < 2 + 2
4. < 90
. 2 = 2 + 2
1
19
3. * .
. 2 = . + .
1.
. 2 + 2 = 2 + 2
. 2 = 2 + 2 + .
. 2 - 2 = 2 - 2
2.
. 2 = 2 + 2 + 2.
. 2 + 2 = 2 + 2
3.
20
4. * (, R)
.
.

.

. 2 - R2
1.
. R2 - 2
2.
. 0
. 2
3.
. R2
4.
. R2 + 2
21
1. * ,

, :
i. 2 = 2 + 2 + 2 ....
ii. 2 = 2 +
iii. 2 - 2 =
iv. 22 = 2 + 2 ........
2. *
22
3. *
:
B
4. *
:
i. 2 =
ii. 2 =
iii. =
iv. =
v. 2 = ()2 + ()2
5. *
:
2
i. + = 2 +
ii. 2 = 2 +
iii. =
iv. 2 =
v. 2 = 2 -
vi. 2 = 2 +
vii. 22 = 2 + 2 -
23

1. ** , = 4 cm
= 7 cm. :
i.
ii.
2. ** + = 2 +
2 . :
i.
ii.
3. ** ( A = 90) (, r).
= 16 cm r = 4 cm, :
i.
ii.
4. ** . - = 12 cm,
:
i.
ii.
5. ** 2 = 2 + 2,
5, 5, 5 .
6. **
24
7. **
.
B
8. ** . :
()2 + ()2 + ()2 = ()2 + 2 ()2 + 3 ()2.

9. ** 4
, .

:
i.
.
ii.
.
10. ** .
:
i. T
ii. T ,
.
11. ** 84 m. ,
3
.
5
25
12. **

.
:
E
i. =
2
2
ii. - 2 = 42.
13. **
:
i. =
ii. 2 - 2 =
14. ** ( A = 90) =
, =
15. **

.

.

3
.
4
9
.
16
K = 90, :
B
i. =
ii. 2 =
26
16. **
8 cm.
R
.
17. ** = 2 ,
A 2
= 3.
2
18. **
= . . = 4,
2 = 2 +
3
2.
2
19. **

,
40 cm
30 cm.
20. ** ( )
24 .
24
:
.
27
21. ** ( )
, , , 4, 5 6 .
,
=
+ +
.
30
22. ** 2, 1 +
3,
6 .
6 60.
23. ** 5 cm, 3 cm 7 cm.
i. .
ii.
.
24. ** = = 11
, = 3 = 7. .
25. ** 3, 4, 5.
26. ** > :
2 - 2 = 2 - 2.
27. ** , ,
2 + 2 - ,
2 + 2 - .
28. ** < , > .
28
29. ** A = 120. ,
2
2
2
ii. = + 2 +
i. =
30. ** : = 3 cm, = 5 cm, = 7 cm.
i. .
ii. .
iii. .
31. ** = 2.
2 + 2 = 2 + 2 + 2.
32. ** (, R) .
2 + = R2.
33.
( A = 90) : =
.
2
34. **
3
.
2
35. ** .
. = , = , = , =
= , : 2 + 2 = 2 + 2 +
29
3 2
.
8
36. **

.
37. **
= = . : 2 + 22 = 32 + 62.
38. ** ( A = 90) :
i. 2 + 2 + 2 = 8 2
ii. 2 + 2 = 5 2
39. ** ,
: 2 + 2 = 52.
40. ** A = 90 G
. :
i. 2 + 2 + 2 =
3 2
ii. GA2 + GB2 + G2 =
2 2
41. ** 2 + 2 = 5 2 , , ,
.
42. ** , , , > ,
> , (2 + 2) - (2 + 2)
.
30
43. ** :
16 ( 2 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 ) = 9 (22 + 22 + 22)
44. ** = .
= . : 2 = 2 + 22.
45. ** = .
: 2 = 2, .
46. ** ( A = 90).
.
: 2 + 2 = 22.
47. ** .
, =
. : 2 = 32 + 2 - 3 2 .
2
48. ** (, R),
= = . (, R) ,
, :
i. =
ii.
R2 - 2
R2 - 2
=
( < R)
+
= .
49. ** ( A = 90).
= . : 2 = 2.
31
50. ** (, R) ( = ).

. :
i. 2 =
ii. , , .
51. ** R = 15 cm
10 cm. = 3.
.
52. **
. :
i. .
ii.
PB
B 2
=
2
P
53. ** , .
i. .
ii. 2 = + .
54. ** = (, R)
.
= 2, R.
55. ** .
= 9 cm, = 10 cm, = 15 cm,

.
32
56. ** ,
.
:
i.

.
ii. (1, R1)
(2, R2) : 1
2 1, :
(12 , R 2 ) = R 12 .
57. ** (, R),
.
, : = .
58. ** (, R),
.
. :
2 = 2 + .
59. ** ,
.
60. ** (, R) .
E = 45.
: + 22 = R2, .
61. ** (, R) (, R) .
,
.
33
62. ** .
.
i. .
ii. , .
63. ** R.

.
,
:
i. 2 + 2 = R2
ii. =
64. ** , , .

. ,
, , , .
65. **
. , :
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = .
34
-
( )
1. **
2 + 2 = 502, , = 6,
.
2. ** ,
2 - 2 = 22 = 2 (, ).
3. ** :
= .
P
4. ** x x2 = 22 + 2, ,
.
5. ** :
x + y = 6
.
xy = 8
6. ** ,
MA
. ,
= .
MB
7. ** .
, 2 + 2
.
35
36

( 9: )
.

, ,

.
38
1
:
1
.
,
, :
i. 2 =
2
- 2
2
iii. 2 = 2 + 2
ii. 2 = 22 +
iv. = -
v. = +
vi. 2 =
+ 2
. .
= .
, 2 = 2.
39
2
:
1
.
:
2
i. + = 2 +
ii. 2 = 2 +
iii. =
iv. 2 =
v. 2 = 2 -
vi. 2 = 2 +
vii. 22 = 2 + 2 -
. .
.
= 9 cm, PB = 10 cm, = 15 cm, :
i.
ii. .
40
3
:
1
. = 6 cm,
= 8 cm
.
:
i. x = 6 y =
32
3
ii. x = 2 y = 32
iii. x = 4 y = 16
iv. x = 5 y = 12,8
v. x = 7 y =
64
7
B. ( A = 90) :
i. 2 + 2 = 2
ii. 2 + 2 = 2 2
iii. 2 + 2 = 3 2
iv. 2 + 2 = 4 2
v. 2 + 2 = 5 2
41
4
, , , 2, 9, 3 6 km/h.
(1 h) 1, 1, 1, 1 .
i. 4
.
ii. .
iii. ( h) , , ,
.
iv.
( h) R , 2 = R2 - 182.
(: = . )
42
4
:
1
. :
,

.
. : = , = 2 ,
= 3 . :
i.
ii.
2

.
.

2, 3, 4
2, 3, 5
6, 8, 10
3, 6, 10
16, 10, 14
43
44
9:

46
-
i. 3.
i.
4.
13.
22.
ii.
ii.
5.
14.
23.
iii.
iii.
6.
15.
24.
i.
iv.
7.
16.
25.
ii.
v.
8.
17.
26.
iii.
vi.
9.
18.
27.
iv.
10.
19.
28.
v.
11.
20.
29.
vi.
12.
21.
1.
2.

1. iii
7. i
13. ii
19. ii
2. iii
8. iv
14. v
20. v
3. iv
9. ii
15. iv
21. ii
4. v
10. iv
16. v
22. ii
5. iii
11. iii
17. ii
23. ii
6. v
12. iv
18. i
24. i

47
1.
3.
2.
4.

1. i. 2 = 2 + 2 + 2
ii. 2 = 2 + 2
iii. 2 - 2 = 2
iv. 22 = 2 + 2 -
2
2
2.
3,2
1,8
2,4
3.
48
16
8 3
12
4 3
4. i. 2 =
ii. 2 =
iii. 2 =
iv. =
v. 2 = 2 + 2
5. i. 2 + 2 = 22 +
2
2
ii. 2 = 2 + 2
iii. 2 =
iv. 2 =
v. 2 = 2 - 2
vi. 2 = 2 + 2
vii.22 = 2 + 2 -
2
2
49
1. i. ,
, :
2 = 2 - 2 = 72 - 22 = 49 - 4 = 45.
=
45 = 3 5 cm.
ii. :
() =
2. i.

K
=
,
2
2
43 5
12 5
=
cm
7
7
:
: + = 2 +
+
(1 +
=
=
=
2 =2+
2)=2+
(2 + 2 )
1+ 2
(2 + 2 ) ( 2 - 1)
(1 + 2 ) ( 2 - 1)
(2 + 2 ) ( 2 - 1)
2 -1
= (2 + 2 ) ( 2 - 1) =
ii. :
: + = 2 +
= 2 + 2 - 2
= 2
50
2 = 2 + 2 -
3. ,
= = 4 cm, = 4 cm
= 12 cm, = 12 cm
= x, = x

= 16, = 4 + x, =
x
+
12,
:
2 + 2 = 2
162 + (4 + x)2 = (x + 12)2
256 + 16 + 8x + x2 = x2 + 24x + 144
24x - 8x = 256 + 16 - 144
16x = 128
128
, x = 8
x=
16
i. = 8 + 12 = 20 cm
ii. = 4 + 8 = 12 cm
4. i.
:
3
.
2
- = 12 cm
3
= 12. :
2
12
3
24
=
) = 12 =
2
2- 3
2- 3
2
= 24 (2 + 3 ) cm
(1 -
ii. =
24 (2 + 3 ) 3
3
. =
= 12 (2 +
2
2
51
3 ) 3 cm =
12 (2 3 + 3) cm.
5. (5)2 + (5)2 = 252 + 252 = 25 (2 + 2) = 252 = (5)2
5, 5, 5 .
6. > .
:
2 - 2 = (2 + 2) - (2 + 2) =
2 - 2
:
, 2 = 2 + 2
, 2 = 2 + 2
7. 2 = .
. .
, : 2 =
(
B
Z

).
A
8. ,
2 = 2 + 2
,
2 = 2 + 2
,
2 = 2 = 2 + 2
B
2
+ + = + + + + + = + 2 + 32
52
9. i.
AB
, // ,

ii. // , =
(
).
.
:
2 = 2 - 2 2 = (5)2 - (3)2 = 252 - 92 = 162
= 4, = = 4
10. .
i. =
3
( )
2
3
3
3
3
= 2
=
ii. =
2
4
2
11. = 1, = 2 =
84
= 21 cm
4
3
(1)
1
5
:
: 2 =
2

+ 1 = 212
2
2
(2)
(1) (2) :
53
3
2
1
5 + 1 = 212 9 12 + 12 = 4414 34 12 = 1764
2
25
25
2
34 12 = 254414
12 =
25 441 4
34
1 =
5 2 21
25 441 4
=
34
34
2 =
34 cm
3
3 5 2 21
1 =
5
5
34
34 =
34 126
63 34
=
cm
34
17
12. i. .
, =
2
2
= - ,
-
-
=
=
(1)
2
2
2
ii. :
2 = 2 + 2 = 2 + 2 2 - 2 = 2 (2)
A (1) : = 2 2 = 42
2
A (2) (3) : - = 4
54
(3)
13. i.
, =
.
ii.
, :
2 = 2 + 2
2
(1)
= +
(2)
(1) (2) :
2 - 2 = 2 - 2 = ( + ) ( - ) = =
14. =
3
AB
3
,
=
4
A
4
(AB) 2
B
=
,
2
(A)
2
B 3
9
= =
4
16
15. i.
.
2 =
ii.
=
B
Z
=
E
B = Z
( ).
. =
55
16. = = 8 cm.
T
.
.
.
B
2 = . = - = 2R - 8.
42 = 8 (2R - 8). R = 5 cm.
17.
B = 2 ,
B = 60,
= 30
A 2
=
2
B
AB
(1)
B
=
2
(2)
( B = 60).
B
=
(3)
. =
2
2
(1), (3)
+
+ 2
3
A 2
=
=
=
=3
2
B
B
B
AB
56
18. , :
2
5AB
2
2 = 2 + 2 =
+ =
4
3AB
2
+
+
4
2
(1)
, :
2 = 2 + 2
(2)
(1) (2) :
2 = 2 +
9
8
AB
2 + 2 = 2 +
2 + 2 =
+
16
16
4
2 + 2 + 2 +
2 +
8
1
2 = 2 + 2 + 2 =
16
2
3
3
2 = 2 + 2
2
2
19.
:
2
= 30 + 40
= 900 + 1600
= 50 cm
= 1350 cm
= 650 cm
57
20.
:
2
x
2
2x = 24 x = 288
24
288 x 17
x=
21. , ,
= =
= . :
4
5
6
= 4, = 5, = 6
(1)
: 362 < 252 + 162

2
36 < 41 ,
.
,
:
2 = 2 + 2 - 2 362 = 252 + 162 - 25 - 52 = - 10
=
++
15
=
=
( (1)).
2
30
30
58
22. =
6 , = 1 +
3 , = 2
3 )2 + 22 - 2 (1 +
6 = 1 + 3 + 2 3 + 4 - 2 (1 +
6 - 8 - 2 3 = - 2 (1 +
- 2 (1 +
3 )
B
3 )
3 )
3 ) = - 2 (1 +
( 6 )2 = (1 +
1+
3 ) , = 1
1
= . = 60.
23. i. : 72 > 52 + 32,
49 > 34,
A
5
A .
ii. :
72 = 52 + 32 + 25
49 = 25 + 9 + 10
15 = 10 = 1,5 cm
A 1 =
1,5
1
= 0,5 = , A 1 = 60, A = 120
3
2
59
24. ,
:
2 = 2 + 2 + 2
11
11
x
112 = x2 + 32 + 232
121 = x2 + 9 + 12
121 = x2 + 21, x2 = 100, x = 10
= 10
2 2 + 2 2 - 2
2
2
2
2 + 2 -
2 =
. = 5, = 3, = 4. :
4
2
2
2
2
2
2 =
4
2 =
25.
2 = 2 + 2 22 + 22 - 2 = 22 + 22 - 2 + 22 + 22 - 2
2 + 2 = 52 > 2, A < 90. B < 90 < 90
26. .

2
:
2
H
2
- = 2
(1)
:
2 - 2 = 2
(2)
(1) (2) : 2 - 2 = 2 - 2
60
27. : 2 + 2 - < 2 + 2.
+ - .
2
: 2 + 2 - =
2 + 2 - 2
2
+ 2 -
+ - = + - 2 - = - 2
1
= 2 = . =
= 2 = , A = 60
2
B
2
1
28. < , 2 < 2 .
2 2 + 2 2 - 2
2 2 + 2 2 - 2
<
32 < 32 2 < 2. > .
4
4
29. i. :
2 = 2 + 2 + 2 (1)
120
:
A1 =
60 =
1
A
=
, =
(2)
2
ii. (1) (2) :

2 = 2 + 2 + 2
2 = 2 + 2 +
61
30. i. 72 > 32 + 52 2 > 2 + 2,
B
ii. 2 = 2 + 2 + 2
72 = 52 + 32 + 25
49 - 25 - 9 = 10 = 1,5
iii. B1 =
B
1,5
=
= 0,5.
AB
3
1 = 60, B = 120
31.
:
2 = 2 + 2 - 2 (1)
:
2
= + - 2 (2)
(1), (2):
2 + 2 = 2 + 2 - 2 + 2 + 2 - 2 =
2 + 2 + 22 - 2 ( + ).
+ = =
.
2
: 2 + 2 = 2 + 2 + 22 -
2
=
2
2 + 2 + 22 - 2 = 2 + 2 + 2
62
32.
:
2 = 2 + 2 - 2
R2 = 2 + ( - 2)
- 2 =
R2 = 2 +
33. :
2 + 2 = 2 2 +
2 2
2
2
2
= + 2
2
2 2 = 2 2 =
2
2
=
2
2
, =
4
2
34. = =
2 + 2 = 2 2 +
2 2 = 2 + 2 -
2
2
2
2
3 2
= 22 =
2
2
2
3
=
: =
2
63
35.
B :
2
(1)
2

2 + 2 = 22 +
2 + 2 = 22 +
2
.
2
: 22 = 2 + 2 -
2
2
(2)
(1) (2) : 2 + 2 = 2 + 2 +
2
= 2 + 2 +
-
2
2
2
2
=
2
2
= 2 + 2 +
2
2
3 2
, 2 + 2 = 2 + 2 +
2
8
8
36.
B :
2 + 2 = 22 +
2
2
(1)
:
2 + 2 = 22 +
2
2
(2)
A
(1) (2) :
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 2 (2 + 2) + 2 =
2 (22 +
2
) + 2 = 42 + 2 + 2 2 + 2
2
64
37. 1
B , :
2 + 2 = 22 +
2
2
(1)
2
22 + 22 = 42 + 2 (2)
2 + 2 = 22 +
(1) (2):
2 + 2 + 22 + 22 = 22 + 42 + 2 +
2 + 22 = 32 + 2 +
2
2
(3)
: = 2, = 2
(3) : 2 + 22 = 32 + 42 + 22 = 32 + 62
38. i. :
2 + 2 + 2 = 22
: 2 = 4 2
=
2 = .
2
4 2 = 2
ii. 2 + 2 =
(1)
2 2 + 2 2 - 2
2 2 + 2 2 - 2
+
4
4
=
4 2 + 2 + 2
5 2
2
= 2 +
= 5 2 ( (1)).
=
4
4
4
65
39. . :
2 + 2 = 2
(
2
2
)2 + ( )2 = 2
3
3
4
( 2 + 2 ) = 2
9
4
9
4 2 + 2 + 2
= 2 42 + 2 + 2 = 92 2 + 2 = 52
40. i. 2 + 2 + 2 =
2 2 + 2 2 - 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 - 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 - 2
4
2
2
2
3 + 3 + 3
3 ( 2 + 2 ) + 3 2
=
=
=
4
4
2
3 + 3
4
6
4
ii. GA2 + GB2 + G2 = (
3 2
2
2
2
)2 + ( )2 + ( )2 =
3
3
3
4 3 2 2 2
=
9 2
3
66
41. 2 + 2 =
5 2 = 5
4 2 + 2 + 2
4
2 2 + 2 2 - 2
4
2 + 2 = 5 2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(3) (1) (2) :

4 2 + 2 + 2
10 2 + 10 2 - 5 2
=
42 + 2 + 2 = 102 + 102 - 52
4
4
92 = 92 + 92
2 = 2 + 2. B
42. :
(2 + 2) - (2 + 2) = 2
2
( - ) + ( - ) = 2
,
2 :
B : 2 - 2 = 2
: 2 - 2 = 2
(1)
(2)
>
>
(1), (2) :
(2 - 2) + (2 - 2) = 2 ( + )
(2 - 2) + (2 - 2) = 2
43. 16 ( 2 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 ) = ( ) =
9 (22 + 22 + 22)
67
44. 1
B :
2 + 2 = 22 +
2
2
2 = 22 - 2 +
2
=
2
2 +
(2) 2
4 2
= 2 +
= 2 + 22
2
2
45.
B :
2 = 2 + 2 + 2 =
22 + 2 =
2 ( + ) = 2
46. 1
2
2 + 2 = 22 +
=
2
(2 ) 2
= 22 + 22 =
2
2
2 ( + 2) = 22
22 +
( M )
68
47. 1
M ,
:
2 + 2 = 22 +
ME 2
2
2
2
(1)
2 = 22 - 2 +
1 B :
2
2 2
2 + 2 = 2 2 +
= 2 + 2 - 2 2 (2)
2
2
2
(1) (2) :
2 + 2 = 22 +
2 = 22 - 2 + 2 + 2 - 2 2 2 = 32 + 2 - 3 2
48. i. : P = A = (R - ) (R + )
2
=R -
= R2 - 2 =
R 2 - 2
(1)
= = (R - ) (R + )
2
=R -
= R2 - 2 =
R 2 - 2
(2)
ii. (1), (2) :
2
2
+
= 2 2 + 2 2 = 2 2 + 2 2 =
R -
R -
R -
R -
2 + 2
=
R 2 - 2
2
2
2
2 = 2R + 2 = .
R 2 - 2
R 2 - 2
20 2 +
69
49.
:
2 = 2 + 2 + 2 =
22 + 2 = 2 ( + ) =
2 ( + ) = 2
50. i.
B :
2 = 2 + 2 - 2
2 = 2 + ( - 2)
(1)
:
- 2 = - - =
B
B
- =
2
(2)
(1) (2) : 2 = 2 +
(3)
(4)
2
(3) (4) : = + = ( + ) = A
ii. , ,
. 2 =
, , .
70
51. = (1)
= 3
= - = 15 - 10 = 5 cm
= + = 10 + 15 = 25 cm
H (1) :
3 = 525 32 = 125
125
3
= + . = 4 = 4
52. i.
(1)
= B (
125
cm
3
= ()
(1)
ii. :
=
=
2 =

=
:
=
=
=
2

71
53. i.
(1).

, .
(1).
,
.
ii.
= +
, :
= , =
:
+ = ( + ) + = 2
54. 2 =
(2)2 = = 4
A
= - = 4 - = 3
O
B :
(2R)2 = 2 +2
2
4R = (3) + 4R = 9 +
R=
5
R=
2
72
10
55. = 9 cm, = 10 cm, = 15 cm
: =
910 = 15 = 6 cm
=
2 = 615
9 10 = 3 10 cm
56. i. (1, R1), (2, R2)
x y = 90,
O1 O2
(O1O2)2 = (O1)2 + (O2)2
(O1O2)2 = R 12 + R 22 (1)
ii.
O1
(O 2 , R 2 )
(1)
= (O1O2)2 - R 22 = R 12
57.
( = = 1L)
, = .

(,
) ,
2
:
= = .
73
58. : 2 = 2 + (1)
2 =
(, R)
(1) :
2 - 2 = 2 - =
( - ) =
(2)
= ,
.
(2) : 2 - 2 = 2 = 2 +
59.
2
2
M
= (O,
R) = = - R =
2 - R2 = , > R.
O
60. : + 22 = R2
AEEB = R2 - OE2
2
AEEB + OE = R
(1)
45
45
( Z = 90) , = .
:
2
= + = 2 . (1) : + 2 = R2
74
61. (O, R), (O, R)
2 =
2 =
= .
62. i. : = =
( = =
2
,
4
)
2
ii. B :
2
(1)
2 + 2 = 2 2 +
2
2 (2 + 2) = 4 2 + 2 2 = 2 (2 + 2) - 4 2
(i) : =
2 ( 2 + 2 ) - 4 2
2 + 2
2
=
- 2
=
4
4
2
75
63. i. : 2 + 2 = R2
= M, = , KM B
B
2
A .
M :
2 + 2 = R2

2
2
2
2
+
= R + = R
2
2
(1)
ii. M :
2 + 2 = 22 +
AK 2
( ) (2)
2
(1) (2) : R2 -
AK 2
= 22 =
2
R 2 AK 2
=
2
4
64.
. ,
,
, ,
,
.
, , ,
:
) =
) =
) =
76
65. 1
B ,
A :
2 + 2 = 22 +
B 2
2
(1)
2 + 2 = 22 +
2
2
(2)
(1), (2): 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 =
2 + 2
2 + 2
= 4R2 +
= ,
2
2
, .
42 +
77
1. = 6
.
1
: 2 + 2 = 22 +
502 = 22 +
2
,
2
36 2
2 = 162 = 4 =
,
(, 4)
: (, 4).
2
36 2
= 2 (4)2 +
= 322 + 182 = 502
2
2
2
2
2
: + = 50
: 2 + 2 = 22 +
(, 4).
2. = 2, .
:
2 - 2 = 2 22 = 2
22 = 4 = =
2
( > )
= .
2
()
,
.
78
: () :
2 - 2 = 2 = 22 = 22.
2
.
().
3. AB
, :
=
(1)
=
=
=
(1)
, , P = 90.
.
: (, R)
AB () .
AB
.
4. x2 = ( 2 )2 + 2. :
2 ,
, .
ii. x
,
2 .
79
x = ( 2 2
)+
i.
5.
x+y=6
xy = 8 = (2 2 )2

= 6.
(,
AB
).
2

= 2 2 .
, .
,
, . x, y.
+ = 6. , ,
:
2 = (2 2 )2 = xy
= x, = y.
: ,
2 2 < 3
.
6.
=
,
=
=
=
(1).
, ,
A
M = 90.
80
: , ,
(1). .
.
:
E
(
2
).
7. 2 + 2 = 22 +
2
(
2
M , ).
2
+
,
() (
), ().
81
10:
-
1. * ,
.
8. * .
9. * .
2. *
, .
3. *
, .
4. *
.
5. * .
6. * = ( - ) ( - ) ( - )
.
7. * =
1 . 2
2
1, 2
10. *
.
11. *
( )
.
.
=
.
( )
12. * ,
, .
13. * 4 cm ,
16 cm2.
82
14. * ,
9-.
15. *
.
16. * ,

.
17. * 1, 2
1, 2 .
18. * 1, 2
1, 2.
19. * 2
.
20. *
60.
21. *
( )
.
=
.
( )
.
22. *
( )
( )
=
= 2,
2
.
23. *
1 2
,
2
.
24. *
83

1. * ,
,
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
2. *

.

. = .
. = .
. = .
. =
. = 2.
B
.
2
3. *
1
,
3
1
.
3
1
.
9
1
.
6
84
1
.
27
1
3
4. * =
1 . 2
(1, 2 )
2
. .
. .
. .
. 1 = 22.
. .
5. *
. 2
3
.
4
.
4
2
.
2
. 2
3
.
16
. 2
3
4
6. * ,
//
. () = ().
. = .
. = .
. = 90 - .
. .
7. *
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
85
8. * 111
( )
.
=
( 1 1 1 )
1 1 . 1 1
. = 1.
. = 1 .
. = 180 - 1 - 1.
. = 90 + 1.
. = 1 ( + 1) = 180.
9. *
. = 90.
. = .
. = .
. = .
. = 60 = .
10. * 1, 2

. 1 + 2 .
.
1 + 2
2.
4
11. * =
1 + 2
.
2
2
. 2
. 1 +
2
.
2
1 + 2
.
2
( - ) ( - ) ( - )
, ,
. = + + .
. =
+ + .
2
2
2
. 2 = 2 ( - ).
. = .
86
. =
+
.
2
12. * 1, 2
,
. 2 = 1.2 .
. = 1
2
. 2 =
1
.
2
. 1 = 22 .
. 1.2 = .
13. *
,
. () = ().
. () = ().
. () = () + ().
. () = ().
. () = 2 ().
14. * 4 3 cm2.
. 4 3 cm.
. 8 3 cm.
. 4 cm.
12
3
. 4 4 3 cm.
cm.
15. *
.
.
1
.
2
1
.
2
( + ) ( + ) ( + ) . .
1
.
2
87
1
(90 - ).
2
16. *
.
1 2
.
2
2
.
4
. 22.
. 2 .
2
.
2
17. * ( = 90)
.
1
.
2
1
.
2
1
.
2
1
.
2
1
.
2
18. * 1, 2,
1 + 2
.
2
1 . 2
.
2
1 . 2
.
4
88
. 12 . 22 .
. 1.2.

1. *
.

1.
)
32 3
80
60
96
92 3
2.
3.
89
2. *
1.
)
12,5
25
3 108
108
12
2.
3.
90
12
3. *

.
.

.
2
1.
() =
2.
() =
3.
4.
.
2
. = ()
() =
.
2
91
4. *
1.
2.
2
2
= .
= .
= .
2
2
.
2
3.
4.
92
5. *
1.
1
.
4
.
2
1
3
.
2
2
2
1
.
2
2
30
3
4
2.
3.
4.
93
2 3
4
6. * .
.
.

1.
2.
82
72
62
42
32
22
3.
4.
5.
)
94
3 2
2

1. *
.
2. *
, .
3. * () =
( - ) ( - ) ( - )
= .
4. *
( , ),
2
.
5. * 1, 2 , .
6. * 1, 2
,
.
7. * 30.
, .
95
8. *
96
9. *
= 2, = 3, = 60
= 3, = 3, = 4
= = , = 5 3
===4
97

1. ** , ,
. :
) () = ()
1
().
4
) () =
2. **

,
.
3. **
= 30, :
) () =
1
.
4
) () =
1
..
4
4. **
.

.
98
5. **
6. ** ,
, 60.
7. ** ,
1
.,
2
, .
8. ** ,
1
.,
2
, .
9. **
9 2
.
16
99
10. **

.
() = ().
11. ** .

, ,
= , = , =
. :
) () = ()
) () = 3().
12. **
,
4
.

30.
30
13. ** 256 cm2.
10 cm, cm2 ;
14. **
.
.
100
15. **
2
.
3

, =
2
.
3
16. **
K = 120.
( )
.
.
=
( )
2
17. **
3 = 2 ,
.
) .
) :
() = () = () = ().
18. ** 4 m,
136 m2. .
19. ** 48 cm
5 cm. .
20. ** = 60, = 12 cm, = 3 cm
.
.
101
21. **
,
.
() =
1
().
2
22. **
= = . ,

.
) , .
) .
) , .
23. ** , ,
(, R)

. :
R ( + ) = 2.
24. **

,
,
//,
.
.
102
25. **

= = 120
= 2 cm, = 6 cm, = 10 cm.

:
) ) .
26. ** 14 cm
20 cm, :
)
) .
27. ** 5-
12- .
40 cm2, :
)
) .
28. ** , ,
= , = = .
:
) () = 2 ()
) () = 7 ().
103
29. **

.
: ()2 = () . ().
30. ** ( A = 90).
, ,
= , = , =
, :
) (), (), ()
) ,
31. ** = , =
= 30.

30
) .
) .
32. ** = ,
= 60 = 45.
:
)
)
) .
104
33. ** .
, ,
, , : =
1
,
2
1
1
, =
.
3
4
() = , :
) , , .
) .
34. ** (
= ) = 6 cm =
120.
) .
1

2
, .
) , =
35. ** = 2,
.
:
)
36. **
( BM )
1
=
( )
2
( M)
1
= .
( )
3
.
:
() + () = () + ().
105
37. **

.

. :
) () = ()
) () = () + ().
38. ** ,
.

,
, . :
) () = .
//
) () = ().
//
39. ** = ,
= .

.
:
( - )
4
) () - () = ().
) () =
40. ** = 17 cm, = 8 cm, = 15 cm.
) .
) ,
106
( B )
.
( )
41. ** 90 cm2.
,
,
2
,
1

.

.
42. **

=
, = , = , = .
)
) ,
.
43. **
.

.
44. **
.

.
107
45. ** ,
60 m, 160 m2
8 m.
46. ** ,
= 70 cm, = 20 cm
= 40 cm
= 30 cm.
) .
) .
47. ** :
2 + 2 + 2 = 3 3
(, , ).
48. **
,
.
49. ** = 6 cm
108
50. ** 4 ,
1, 2, 3 .
.
51. **

(.
).
30 m 40 m

. :
) , 40 m 30 m
;
) + = 70 m;
: .
109
52. **
= = = .
)
, .
) ;
) ,
, ,
, .
) (), (),
;
53. **
60 m.

,
30 m,
.
4
.
)
.
) 4
.
)
.
) ,

;
: () ,
.
110
54. ** 600 m,
300 m.
8 .
)
.
)
.
) 8
. ;
) 8 :
i)
ii) .
:
:
:
600 m,
300 m. 8
.
55. ** .
56. ** .
57. **
58. **
= 3, = 7.
111

( 10: )
.

, ,

.
114
1
:
1
A.

.
B. :
) .
) .
) .
2
, ,
. :
) () = ()
) () = 4 ()
115
2
:
1
.
1 + 2
. 1, 2
2
.
. :
) .
) .
2
300 m
,
.
:
A. ) .
) .
. ,
. x.
116
3
:
1
.
.
.
:
) .
) .
) .
:
A. .
B. .
.

,
.
117
4
:
1
.

.
. :
() = 20 cm2, () = 30 cm2
= 10 cm.
i)
) 4 cm.
) 2 cm.
10
cm.
2
) 3 cm.
) 1,5 cm.
) 2 cm.
) 3 cm.
) 6 cm.
ii)
)
30
cm.
2
) 12 cm.
,
,
5
. = 10 m
1
60,
:
) .
) .
) .
118
) 3.000.000 .,
;
119
10:

120

1. , 2. , 3. , 4. , 5. , 6. , 7. , 8. , 9. , 10. , 11. , 12. ,
13. , 14. , 15. , 16. , 17. , 18. .
-
1. , 2. , 3. , 4. , 5. , 6. , 7. , 8. , 9. , 10. , 11. ,
12. , 13. , 14. , 15. , 16. , 17. , 18. , 19. , 20. , 21. ,
22. , 23. , 24. .

1.
3.
5.
2.
4.
6.
121
1. .
2. .
3. =
++
2
4. H 90.
5. .
6. 1,
7.
2
2
1
2
, 2.
8. ) 24
9. )
3 3
2
16 3
3
) 2 5
9
2
) 25 3
122
) 4 3

1. ) , ,
// // .
.

. () = ().
) () = () , () = ()
() = ()
. () = () = () = ().
() = 4 () () =
1
().
4
2. () =
+
.
2
:
() =
() =
() + () =
() =
2
2
+ ( + )
=
2
2
() =
+
2
123
3. ) () =
1
1
1
1
.30 = . = .
2
2
2
4
) : () =
: () =
() =
() =
: () + () + () + () =
1
4
1
4
1
4
( + + + ) =
[ ( + ) + ( + )] =
( + ) =
1
4
[( ( + )] =
() = () + () + () + () =
4.
() = ()
4
1
4
(1)

() = ()
(2)

() = ()
(3)

(2) (3) (1) :
() - () - () = () - () - ()
() = ()
.
124
5. () = 2 ().
,
, ,
() = (), () = (), () = ()
() = (). :
() = () + () + () + () +
() + () + () + () =
2 () + 2 () + 2 () + 2 () =
2 [() + () + () + ()] = 2 ()
6. =
1
.
2
1 2
2
1
2
1 2
= 2.

,
.
60.
7. =
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
= .

, .
125
8. =
, =
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
. ,
= .

, .
9. 4 2.
3.
4 = 3 =
3
4
9 2
3
.
= 2 = =
4
16
4
10.
1 = 2
, 1 = B 1
= .
= .
= - = - = .
,
.
:
A +
+
=
() = ().
2
2
126
11. ) () =
1
O =
2
1
= ()
2
O =
, I = H = 90.
) () = () () = ().
() + () + () = 3 ().
12. () =
() =
() =
2
4
1
2
1
2
30 1
O 1 + O 2 = 180.
() = 4 ()
4 () =
2
4
1
2
1 =
2
2 2
4
2
1
2
1 =
1 =
O 1 = 30
2
4
2
13. = 2. 2 = 256 cm2 =
16 cm. 10 cm, 6 cm
= 36 cm2.
= - = 256 - 36 = 220 cm2.
127
14. : () =
AB
AB
, () =
.
2
2
() = ()
() = () + ()
() = () + ()
() = ().
2
15. () =
().
3
: () =
1
1 2
= =
2
2 3
2 1
2
( ) = ()
3 2
3
16. = 120
()
()
=
=
AB A
17. ) :
AB -
3 -
=
=
2
2
() =
=
=
2
2
2
= , ,
=
2
=
2
128
)
= . () = (). ,
() = (),
= = .
18. . 2.
4 m, :
= ( + 4)2 + 136 = ( + 4)2 2 + 136 = 2 + 8 + 16 8 =
136 - 16 8 = 120 = 15 m
19. 48 cm 48 = 4,
. = 12 cm.
5 cm,
12 cm 5 cm = 60 cm2.
20. .
3
1
1
1
= 9 3 cm2.
= 12360 = 36
2
2
2
2
:
2 3
= 9 3 2 = 36 = 6 cm.
4
129
21. :
() =
1
1
() () =
() =
2
2
1 1
1
() = ().
2 2
4
() =
1
1
() () = () =
2
2
1 1
1
() = ()
2 2
4
() = () + () =
1
1
1
() + () = ()
4
4
2
22. ) = = .
=
=
B
=
2
2 + 2
2
:
2 = 2 + 2 2 = 2 +
=
1
2
2
4 2 + 2
=
4
4
4 2 + 2

2
2 =
=
) () =
2
2
8
(1)
= 2 2 =
. () = ().
() =
2
2
8
) (1).
130
23. .
: () = () + ()
=
R
R
+
( = , = )
2
2
2 = ( + ) R
24. : 1 = 2, 1 = B 1 , B 1 = 1 .
: B
4
2 1
3
B :
(1)
, 3 = 4.
()
()
A
= 1
A
(1)
() = ().
25. = 360 - ( + ) =
360 - 240 = 120

) () =
1
=
2
3
1
= 15 3 cm2
610
2
2
) (K) =
(K) =
1
1
3
AKA K = 26
= 3 3 cm2
2
2
2
3
1
1
1
AKA K = 210120 = 210
= 5 3 cm
2
2
2
2
() = (K) + (K) + (K) = 3 3 + 5 3 + 15 3 = 23 3 cm2
131
1

+ 2 = 52
2
2
26. ) = 5 cm . :
( ) 12 + 22 = 100. (1 + 2)2 - 212 = 100,

1 + 2 = 14 cm, 12 = 48 cm2. =
1 2
= 24 cm2
2
) = 24 = 5. = 4,8 cm.
= 30, A = 150.
(1)
= 40
2
(2)
= =
(1)
= =
2 ( + ) = 12
27. ) = x, A = 5x.
30
(3)
(2), (3) = 20 cm, = 4 cm (4)

) (1), (4) = 2 cm. = 1 = 40 14 = 40.
1 = 10 cm.
28. )
.

1
=

2
()
()
1
=
(1)
)
() = 2 (), () = 2 ()
(2)
() = () + () + () + ()
132
(1), (2) () = 7 ().
133
29.
, :
()
()
A E
E
=
AB A
A
(1)
, :
()
()
A E
=
AB A
A
(2)
:
(1), (2), (3)
()
()
=
A
A
()
()
(3)
( // )
()2 = () ().
30. ) + = 180.
()
=
=1
()
( = = , = = ).
() = () =
( = ).
2
() =
, () =
2
2
) () = () + () + () + () + () + () +
() =
+ 2 + 2 + 2 +
+
= 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 =
+
2
2
2
2
2 + ( + )2 () = 22 + 2 = 2 (2 + ).
133
(EAH)
=
= 1.
()
30
) () = () + () +
() + () =
31. ) A + A = 180.
30
+
2
150
+ 2 + 2
+ 2 + 2 =
2
2
32. ) H ,
= =
2 .
(1) =
, A = 30,
=
=
2
3
2 3
3
3
AB
=
2
3
(2)
3+ 3
(1), (2) : = + =
3
3+ 3
) = 2
6
) =
1
, , 1 =
2
3+3 3
134
2
, , 2 =
2
3 2 + 6
33. )
.
()
()
E
1
, =
AB
3
1
.
2
1
()
= 2 3 = , () =
= .
6
6
()
6
()
()
3 ()
3
=
() =
=
.
6
6
8
8
3
7
) () = () - () - () - () = =
6
8
6
24
() =
34. ) () = 120 = 18 3 cm2
)
.
2
()
E
2
=
= 2 3 =
A

6
()
() =
2 ()
2 18 3
= 6 3 cm2
=
6
6
35. )
, , . :
(BM)

=
=
.

()
= =
2
(1)
( , )
(BM)
1
=
2
()
135
(M)

=
()

(2)
(1) :
+
1+ 2
2
=
, , =
2
3
(3)
A 2B
(M)
1
= 2 3 ==
, (2), (3) :

()
3
36. () =
AB
(
2
)
() =

A
, () =
,
2
2
() =
B
2
AB +
A +
() + () =
(1)
2
2
+ = + (2)
() + () =
, (1) (2) () + () = () + ()
: (2)
.
37. ) () = () - () (1)
() = () - () (2)
() = (),

. ,
(1), (2) () = ()
136
) () = () + () (3)
()
() = ()
() = () (5)
(3) (4), (5) :
() = () + ()
38. ) (). :
Z + E
() =
(4)
Z + E
= (1)
) ()
() =
(2)
(3)
//
//
(1), (2), (3) : () = ()

39. ) () = () + ().
-
2
- 1
, () =
+

2
2 2 2
- 1
( - )
=
2 2 2
4
EZ +
) () =
=
2
2
() =
+
3 +
+
2
2 = 3 +
=
2
2
2
2
4
2
3 +
3 +
. () =
.
8
8
() - () =
-
= ()
4
137
40. ) 172 = 82 + 152, 2 = 2 + 2
.
) (), ()
.
2
(AB)
15
= =
:
()
8
12
41. .
()
()
2 2 4
= = .
9
3
() = 90 cm2,
() =
4 90
= 40 cm2
9
42. )
2
1
i) BB = ii) =
iii) =
= .
= , .
) 2 = 1,
()
2
=
=
=2
()

=
2
: () = . :
: () = 2 () = 2
() = () + 2 () + 2 () = + 2 + 2 = 5
138
43. ,
),
.
44. = .
= = (
).
= + = + (1)
= + = + =
+ = (2)
() =
=
(1)
+
+ +
+
=
=
+
=
2
2
2
2
( 2)
+
=
+
= 2 ()
2
2
2
2
45. 2 + v + V = 60
(1)
v+V
8 = 160
(2)
2
(1) (2)
2 = 20, = 10 m.
V
2 = 2 + 2, , = 6 m
= , 2v + 2 = 60 - 2 = 40, , v = 14 m
V = 14 + 26 = 26 m.
139
46. A
)
=
=
=
=
-
-
-
20
=
=
, = 12 cm, = 16 cm.
50
122 + 162 = 202, O .

) () = () - () =
42 56 12 16
= 1080 cm2.
2
2
47. : = , =
3
2
, =
3
2
3
2
.
2
2 3
4
2
3
=3 3 3
=3
2
4
(1)
(2)
(1) (2) : 2 + 2 + 2 = 3 3 .
48. (EB) =
EB
2
(A) =
A
2
(EB) + (A) = (EB + A)

=
=
2
()

=
2
2
140
49. () =
()
62
A A
=
2
3
A 6
= 12 = 4
2
= 4.
50.
E1 =
2 3
2 3
2 3
, E2 =
, E3 =
2
2
2
: 2 + 2 = 2, E1 + E2 = E3.
141
1
.
2

.
= 90, = 1 ()
51. ) () =

= 600 m2.
2

= 90.
1
1
) () = =
35351 = 612,5 m2
2
2
+ = 70 m = = 35 m.
() =
:
.
52. ) () = ( + )2
) , , ,

(. ).
= = = = .
: 1 + 1 = 90
1= 2
2 + 1 = 90
1= 1
3
2
1 + 2 = 90, 3 = 90.
.
) = = = = (. () ).
() = () = () = () =
() = 2 = 2 + 2.
() = ( + )2
2
2
2
( + ) = + 2 2 + 2 + 2 = 2 + 2 2 + 2 = 2
.
) () = 2 + 4
142
53. ) () = 900 m2
60
) () = 3600 m2
()
3600 - 900
=
4
4
=
60
2700
= 675 m2
4
30
30
II
, (), (),
(),
(V)
x, y + , z, z
IV
III
30
60
.
= = = V,
:
: z =
x=
675
= 11,25 (1)
60
675
= 22, 5
30
y + 2 =
x30 = y30 + 60 = z60 = 675
(2)
675
= 22,5
30
(3)
2z + + y + x = 60, (1), (2) :

211,25 + + y + 22,5 = 60 + y = 15
(4)
(3) (4) : y = 7,5 = 7,5

, , , V 105 m, 150 m, 135 m,
135 m.
143
54. ) 2 = 2 + 2 = 720.000 m2
848,5 m
) E = 90.000 m2
) ,
// Z = 90.
, , .
, , , ,
+ IK
2
= - = 300 - 150 = 150 m.
) i) () =
() =
ii) =
300 + 150
150 = 33750 m2
2
212,1.
4
+ + + = 300 + 150 + 150 + 212,1

= 812,1 m.
55.
, x.
x =
.
2
, .
144
56. :
,
.

// .
57. .
= .
.
58.
x2
37.
x
3 7. xy

145
3, 7. 10
.
.
146
11:
-
1. * .
2. *
.
3. *
.
4. *
.
5. * -
.
6. * -
.
7. *
, .
8. *
.
9. *
.
10. *
.
11. *
-, = 360 o
180 o
.
12. * -
360 o
.
13. *
146
14. *
.
15. * ,
.
16. *
.
17. *

.
18. *

.
19. *
.
20. * .
21. * ,
.
22. *
.
23. * .
24. * 4 2 = 4R 2 - 2 ,
R
-.
25. *
.
26. * 1 .
147

1. * ,
R 2
,
2
R,
. R 2 2
. R 2
. 2R2
. 2R
. R
2. * , R,
R 3,
. R
R
3
R
2
R 3
2
.3R
3. *
R 3

2
R,
.
R 2
2
. 2R
. R 2
. R
R
2
4. * , ( )
- R
.
2
+ 2 = R 2
2
. 2 +
2
= R2
4
. 2 + 2 =
. 2 +
2 R 2
=
2
2
. 2 + 2 = R 2
R2
4
5. * , ,
.
148
6. * , ,
.
7. *
R, 60, ( R)
.
R
2
. R 3
. 2R
. R 2
. R
8. * -

. 180+
360
. 180
. 360+
180
360
. 360
180
360
9. * -,
.
1

2
1
P
2
1
P 2
2
1
P
2
1
P
2
10. * 6 R
.
R 3
2
. R 2
. R
R
2
R
3
11. * 4 R
.
1
R 2
2
. R
. R 2
. R 2 2
1
R 2
3
12. * 3 R
149
R 3
2
. R
. R 3
1
R
2
R 3
3
13. * R
14. *
:
.
15. * S R
.
2 R
180
R 2
180
R
360
R
180
R 2
360
16. * (0, R)
. 2R
B. R2
. 2R
. 22R
E. 2
17. *
. 30
. 45
. 60
. 90
. 120
18. *
. 30
. 45
. 60
. 90
. 120
. 108
. 120
. 144
. 150
19. *
. 30
. 45
. 60
20. *
. 30
. 45
. 120
150
21. * 108
.
22. * R
24
.
. 15
23. * 3 , R
1
R 3
2
R 3
3
1
R
2
. R 3
R 3
4
24. * 4 R
. R 2
1
R 2
2
1
R 2
3
1
R 2
4
. R 3
25. *
A.
R
360
R 2
360
R 2
180
151
R
180
R 2
360
26. *
27. * R
. R
B. R2
. 2R
R 2
2
. 2R2
28. *
.
.
.
.
.
29. *
. .
B. .
. .
. .
. .
30. * (0, R)
R
,
2
152
31. * -

. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
32. * (2)

360
+2
360
2 + 2
3 6 0
2
180
. .
33. *
153

1. * ,
R
, ...............
2
.
R
2. * ,
R 3
, .............
2
.
R
3. *
R 2
, ..............
2
.
4. * R
R ................
.
5. * :

()
()
6. * :
153
()
()
6
10
15
72
7. * :
:
3
4
6
8. * :
()

60
108
135
150
154
9. * :
:
=3
5cm
144cm2
=4
=6
10cm
10. * :
R
30
20
2 3
152
7
3
11. * :
R
16
3
9
5
9
5
60
150
2 5
E E
2
12
300
155
12. * :

10
R
4
3R
4
180
156

1. * ()
().

4R2
3R 2 3
4
3 2
R 3
2
2R2
3R 2 3
2. * ()
, ().

R
R
R 3
2
R 3
R
2
R 2
R 2
2
R
3
157
3. * ()
().

( R)
R 2
2R
60o
R
R 3
90o
R 3
2
120o
4. * ()
().

2
4
42
3 2
2
32
2
2
158
5. * ()
, R. () S.
() ().

S=
= 60
= 30
S=
R=1
2 3
3
S =2 3
R=
= 90
R=2
= 120
R=
159
S=
S=
2
6
S=
2
2

1. ** R = 3 cm .
:
) .
) .
2. ** R
16; .
3. **
(0, R) 80 cm.
:
) R .
)
4. ** (0, R).
( 3), - = 12 cm,
:
) .
) .
5. ** 4 +3 = 96 cm 4 3
(0, R) , :
) R .
) 4 3 .
6. **
160
7. **
3
.
4
:
) .
) .
8. ** , R 8 cm
4 3 cm. :
) .
) .
) .
9. **
.
:
) , = 6 cm.
)
(AB)
.
(A)
10. ** (0, R)
= . :
) =
) (0, R)
.
) ( R).
161
11. ** R
AB =60 o , B =90 o , =120 o .
)
.
) .
) .
12. ** R

.
) 4 4

R.
)
E
.
E
13. ** (
).
.
14. ** R = 3 cm
.
:
)
.
)
.
162
15. ** R ,
4
.
3
) ;
) ( R).
16. ** R . :
) ( R).
) .
17. ** . :
) ( ).
) , .
18. ** R = 6 cm

. :
) .
) .
19. ** R
. :
) .
) .
20. ** (, R) (, R)
R 2 . :
) .
) .
163
21. ** R 4
.
:
) .
) .
22. ** R -
.

. :
)
R.
)
.
23. ** 2 .
:
) .
) .
24. ** ,

,
.
164
25. ** (0, R)
.
.
:
) .
) .
26. **
27. **
.
28. ** 3cm.
:
)
) .
29. ** 3 = 9 cm
, R. :
) .
)
.
165
30. ** = 6.

= = . ,
.
:
) .
) .
)
(,).
)
.
31. ** =

.
)
.
)
.
)
.
32. ** -
(, R)
166
1
.
4
33. ** :
) 3 6

R
(. )
) .
34. **

R ( R > ),
4 (OA) 2
2
35. ** , .
R
.
36. **
12 3cm 2 . , :
) 4
) 4
) 4
37. **
40 m.
) ;
)
10.000 ./m2;
) ;
167
38. ** 0.50 m.
1 Km;
39. ** 6 m

.
) 0.09 m2,
;
)
3.000 . m2.
;
168

( 11:
)
.

, ,

.
170
1
: -
1
. (O, R) .
R
)
) .
. (O,R) .
(4 , 4
4 )
225
4
4
6
3
2
=

.
)
.
) N
.
)
.
171
2
: -
1
. (O, R) .
R.
)
)
. (O,R) .
.
(3 , 3 3 ).
100 3
2
. :
) ( )
) , .
172
11:
174
-
1.
10.
19.
2.
11.
20.
3.
12.
21.
4.
13.
22.
5.
14.
23.
6.
15.
24.
7.
16.
25.
8.
17.
26.
9.
18.

1.
10.
18.
26.
2.
11.
19.
27.
3.
12.
20.
28.
4.
13.
21.
29.
5.
14.
22.
30.
6.
15.
23.
31.
7.
16.
24.
32.
8.
17.
25.
33.
9.
175

1. = R 3
=3
2. = R
=6
3. = R 2
=4
R 3
2
=6
4. =
5.
6.
()
()
120
60
90
90
45
135
36
144
18
162
()
()
60
10
36
15
24
72
176
7.
8.
R 3
R
2
3 2
R 3
4
R 2
R 2
2
2R2
R 3
2
3 2
R 3
2
()
60
108
135
150
9.
5cm
10 3cm
75 3cm 2
6cm
12cm
144cm2
5 3cm
10cm
150 3cm 2
177
10.
15
30
225
10
20
1002
2 3
4 3
122
15
2 15
152
2 7
2
3
3
1 2
11.
30
16
3
36
9
5
8,1
60
25 2
5
5
150
2
12
2 5
300
10
5
3
50 2
178
12.
10
R
18
45
R
4
135
3R
4
180

1.
3.
()
()
2.
()
()
3R 2 3
4
R 3
2
2R2
R 3
R
2
3 2
R 3
2
R 2
R 2
2
()
()
()
()
60o
42
90o
R 2
32
120o
R 3
2
2
4.
179
5.
()
= 60
R=1
= 30
R=
= 90
R=2
= 120
R=
()
S=
S=
2
6
S=
3
S=
180
2 3
3
1. ) , :
2 = 2 - 2
(1)
= R, = 2R,
= 30.
(1) :
2 = (2R)2 - R2 = 4R2 - R2 = 3R2
= R 3 = 3 3 cm
H = 6 3cm .
) = 3 = 3
1
3
= 6 3 3 = 27 3cm 2 .
2
2
2. - :
360
360
360
, - {1, 2}. = 16 : 16 =
=
= 22,5.
16
.
3. ) + = 80 cm
(1)
x ,
:
R
2 = 2 + 2 (2R)2 = x2 + x2
4R2 = 2x2 x2 = 2R2. x = R 2
(2)
(1) (2) : 2 R 2 = 80 R =
40
2
R = 20 2 cm
) x : x = 20 2 2 = 40 cm
=
1600 cm 2
40 2 cm 2
2
(20 2 ) cm
181
800 cm
, =
4. ) - = 12 cm
(1)
x , :
2R = x 2 x = R 2
(2)
(1) (2) :
2R - R
R=
2 = 12 R (2 -
12
2- 2
2 ) = 12
12 (2 + 2 )
(2 - 2 ) (2 + 2 )
) E = R2 = [6 (2 +
12 (2 + 2 )
R = 6 (2 +
22 - 2
2 ) cm
2 )]2 = 72 (3 + 2 2 ) cm2
5. ) 4 + 3 = 96 cm
(1)
4 = R 2 , 3 = R 3 , (1) :
R 2 + R 3 = 96 R ( 3 +
R=
96
3+ 2
R = 96 ( 3 ) 4 =
3 =
2 ) = 96
96 ( 3 - 2 )
( 3 + 2) ( 3 - 2)
2 ) cm
96 ( 3 - 2 ) 2
R 2
=
4 = 48 ( 6 - 2) cm
2
2
96 ( 3 - 2 )
R
=
3 = 48 ( 3 - 2 ) cm
2
2
6.
.
, ,
= = =
B = = 120.
182
= . , = 120.
= = = = = = = = 120.
.
7.
, =
8 3
= .
8 4
) ,
3
= .
' 4
)
,
9
= .
' 16
8. )
2 = 2 - 2
2 = 82 - (4 3 )2 = 64 - 163 = 16.
= 4 cm = = 8 cm
) , = = 8 cm, R = .
, = 60.
) :
=
360
360
=
= 6, .
60
183
9. ) = 6 cm

(, R).
= 6 = R = 6 cm.
= 3 = R 3 = 6 3 cm.
) = 6 = 6 cm
= 6 =
R 3
6 3
=
= 3 3 cm
2
2
= 3 = R 3 = 6 3 cm
= 3 =
R
6
= = 3 cm.
2
2
1

(AB)
6 ()
2
=
= 2
=
,
: =
1
(A)
3 (O)

3
2
6
263 3
6 3 3
=2
10. )
( = )
( = 90

).
= .
) A = E = 45. = 90.
.
) () =
A
2R 2R
=
= 2R2
2
2
184
11. ) A = 360 - ( AB + B + ) =
360 - 60 - 90 - 120 = 90
A = B = 90.
// (B = 105, = 75) .
) AB = 60, AB = 6 = R
B = 90, = 4 = R 2
= 120, = 3 = R 3
A = 90, = 4 = R 2
) =
1
( + )
2
= 6 =
(1)
R 3
R
, = 3 =
2
2
R ( 3 + 1)
R
R 3
=
+
2
2
2
(1) (2) () :
= + =
R ( 3 + 1)
R 2 ( 3 + 1) 2
1
(R + R 3 )
=
2
2
4
185
(2)
12. ) = 4, = 4 , = = 2 R
( )
= 2R = AB 2 AB =
2 2R
2 2
= 4 =
2R
4 = R
= 4 = 2R.
) =
2
(R 2 ) 2
1
2R 2
= 42 =
=
=
2
2
2
(2R)
4R
4
13. H
= + =
2R 3
=R 3.
2
6 = R = .
6 + 6 = 26 =
= 3 .
14. ) R = 3 cm:
= 6 = 3 cm, = 6 =
= 3 =
3 3
cm
2
3
cm, = 3 = 3 3 cm
2
= 6
1
=
2
27 3
1 3 3
cm 2
=
6 3
2
2
2
) = - E ZB =
1
27 3
- 3 =
2
2
27 3
27 3
1
3 27 3 27 3
-3 3 3
=
. =
cm2.
2
2
2
2
4
4
186
15. ) H :
4
360
=
L = 120. =

3
360
. =
,=3
120
) 3 3 = R 3
3 =
=3
R
. :
2
3R 2 3
1
R
R 3
E=
cm2
2
2
4
16. ) = 6 = R
= 6
OH = 6 =
1
AB =
2
R 3
2
R 3
3R 3
1
R
=
2
2
2
) E = R2 - = R2 -
3R 2 3
=
2
2R 2 - 3R 2 3
R2
=
(2 - 3 3 )
2
2
17. )
.
2
:
2
(1)
= =
4
2
) :
E = 2
(2)
(1) (2) :
= 2 -
2
4 2 - 2
2
=
=
(4 - )
4
4
4
187
18. ) 4 ,
4 = R 2 4 = 6 2 cm .
= (6 2 )2 cm2 = 72 cm2.
) H R = 6 cm

= 3 2 cm. :
=
62
(3 2 )
36
=2
18
19. )
. = 120.
:
R 120
2
= R
AB
180
3
)
S =
:
E .. =
R 2 120 o R 2
=
3
360 o
20. )
R 2
= R =
2
1
2
188
2
2
2
R 2
= R2 - 2R = 2R = R
= - = R -
2
4
4
2
R 2

2
=
.
1 = 45, = 1 + 2 = 90. :
E
AOB
R 2 90
R 2
=
360
4
) = 2 [ E
AOB
(1)
- ]
(2)
R2
2
(3)
(1) (3) (2) : = 2 [
R 2
R2
R2
]=
( - 2)
4
2
2
21. )

.
AOB
R 2 90
R 2
=
360
4
2
R2
=
2
2
(1)
(2)
(1), (2) :
R 2
R2
R2
=
( - 2) (3)
4
2
4
)
=
(3) :
= R2 -
R2
( - 2)
4
189
R2
(3 + 2)
4
22. ) = , , // .
= //
= 2 = 2R.
E AB = 2 = (2R)2 = 4R2
) 2R
. :
2 = 2 + 2 2 = (2R)2 +
(2R)2 2 = 8R2
(, ), (, R) :
E (A, A)
E (, R)
A 2 8R 2
=
=8
R 2
R 2
23.
( = ). .
= = = .
, 1 = 45, = 90.
:
2 = 2 + 2,
2
= + = 2
(1)
) (, ) = 2 = 2
(1)
) (, ) = 2 = 22 , :
E (O, O)
E (, )
190
2 2
=2
2
24. :
2 = 2 + 2
2
2
2
2
=
+
4
4
4
2
= +
2
2
2
= +

.
R2
1
RR =
2
2
25. ) = = R, =
) E =
(, ) - [ - ]
()

( = = R, O = 90) :
2 = 2 + 2 (2)2 = R2 + R2 42 = 2R2 2 =
(, ) =
KB
2
(1)
- =
R2
2
2 = R
2
4
(2)
R 2 90 R 2
R 2
R2
=
360
2
4
2
(3)
():
(2), (3)
E = (, ) - [ - ] =
R 2
R 2
R2
R2
-(
)=
4
4
2
2
191
R2
(1)
2
26.
360
= 72
5
+ = 180 = 180 - 72 = 108

= A (), :
ABE = AEB , 2 ABE + A = 180 2 ABE = 180 - 108
2 ABE = 72 ABE = 36
EB = AB - ABE EB = 108 - 36 EB = 72.
B = B + EB =
ABE
2
+ EB =
36
+ 72 = 18 + 72 = 90
2
27. (26), : EB = 72 B = 108,
EB + B = 72 + 108 = 180. // ,
, .
192
28. : = 3 cm, = x, =
x
.
2
OHB : 2 = 2 + 2
x4
x = 3 +
4
2
3x 2
= 9 x2 = 12
4
x = 2 3 cm. :
6 = = 3 cm, = 2 = x = 2 3 .
) 6 = 2 3 cm
) 6 = 3 cm
) = 6 = 6
2 3 3
6 6
=6
= 18 3 cm2
2
2
29. 3 = 9 cm. 3 = R 3 , R 3 = 9 R = 3 3 cm
) L = 2R = 23 3 = 6 3 cm
) E = R2 - E. = (3 3 )2 27 -
92 3
4
2
AB
30. )
=
2
= (27 -
81 3
9 3
) cm2 = 9 (3 ) cm2.
4
4
6
2
2
= (3) = 9 , = 6
2

) = = =
2
AB 6
=
= 2.
3
3
2
A
2
2

= =
2
2
) () () :
3 2
1
=
2
3
9
) = (, ) - 3 = 92 - 32 = 6 2
193
32 3
=
4
31. ) ( = )
B = 60 o , .
.
) : =
(OB) 2 60
=
360

2
2
= =
6
24
) :
2
= 2
-
24
32. :
2
12
E /
E /
2
=2
24
2
-
=2
4
2
3 2
- 3
=
8
4 3 2
2

1
R /2
= 3 =
=
R
4
33. ) = 90
3 , 6 , 3 6
R
R 3
3 AB
R2 3
) =
=
= 2
2
2
4
6 B
=
=
2
: =
R 3
R
R2 3
2
=
,
2
4
194
2 2 3
=
24
16
34. E . = R 2 - 2 = (R 2 - 2 ) = 2
2
A
= , :
2
E .
4 2
= A = =
2

2
35.
= 2R. :
(2R) 2 3
=
= R2 3
4
36. . = 12 3 cm2, . = 3
3 3
=
2
) 4 =
2 R 4 =
2 4 4 = 4 2 cm
) 4 =
2
R 4 =
2
2
4 4 = 2 2 cm
2
R
2
2 = 3R 3
2
4
3R 3
3R 2 3
= 12 3 R2 = 16 R = 4 cm
4
) 4 = 24 4 = (4 2 )2 4 = 32 cm2
37. ) = 240 = 80 m
) = 80210.000 = 64.000.000 .
) = 802 - 402 = 6400 - 1600 = 1600 (4 - ) m2
195
38. = 0,5 m, L = 2
= 0,5 m
2
, L = 1.000 m =
=
1000
2000
1000
.
=
0,5
39. ) R = 6 m 4 = R 2
4 = 6 2 , 4 = (6 2 )2 = 72 m2. 72:0,09
= 800 .
) , :
= R2 - 24 = 62 - (6 2 )2 3,1436 - 72 41,04 m2
41,04 3.000 = 123.120 .
196
12:
-
1. *
.
4. * .
5. * .
6. * .
2. * .
3. *
.
7. *
.
8. *
.
9. *
.
10. *
.
11. *
,
.
12. *
3 cm 5 cm
.
197
13. * p // q // r ,
ii)
iii)
i)
=
14. * .
15. *
.
16. * = 4 cm
4 cm.
17. * 5 cm
3 cm.
18. *
198
19. *
i)
.
ii)
.
iii)
.
iv)
.
v) =
BAB = 30
20. * p
p .
21. *
.
22. * .
199
23. *
i) q , q p1 = 1,
q p2 = 2,
1 2
.
ii)

.
24. *
,
.
25. *

.
26. * ,
.
27. * .
28. *
200

1. *
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
2. *
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
3. *
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
4. *
i)
. 2.
. 3.
. 5.
. 6.
. 4.
3
ii)
.
5.
. 10 . . 15 .
10
. 100 . . 125 .
201
5. * p // q // r = 5 cm,
= 3 cm, = 10 cm. cm
. 3.
. 4.
. 5.
. 6.
E
. 7.
q
6. * = 6 cm = 15 cm,
= 4, cm
. 2.
. 4.
. 6.
. 8.
. 10.
B
7. *

p cm
. 2.
. 4.
. 5.
5.
cm
3 cm
. 3.
A
202
8. *
BB =
AB

2

. 30.
. 45.
. 75.
. 90.
. 60.
9. *

. 30.
. 45.
. 60.
. 75.
. 90.
10. *
. .
. 30 .
. 45 .
. 60 .
. 90 .
11. *

. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
12. *
. = .
. < .
. >
203
13. *
. 90 < 180.
. 180 270.
. 270 360.
. 0 90.
. .
14. * p

.
.
.
. p
. p
204

1. *
.

1.
) =
AB
2
) =
AB
2
30
) =
2.
45
) =
B
BB
2
) =
3.
60
205
1. * :
i) ....................................... .
ii) .......................................
.
iii) .......................................,
.
iv) .......................................
.
v) , .................................
.
2. * :
i) ....................................... .
ii) ....................................... .
iii) .......................................
.
iv) ....................................... .
v) ....................................... .
3. * .......................... .
206
4. *
.

p.
.
p
p.
p.
.
p
207
5. *
.

p .......................,

p ,
.......................
......................., ...............
208
6. * p // q // r
.

AB
=
B
A
=
B
A
=
209
7. *
15
10
=
E
A
=
4
r
210
8. * .

= 30
30
211
9. *
p q
.......................
p q,
p AB q,
.......................
212
q p w p
q, p ,
.......................
p
q p w p
q, w
,
q
.......................
213

1. ** p ,
, .
, p.
2. **
p
.
3. ** 1 2 1.
:
) 2 .
) 1 .
4. ** (1, R1) (2, R2) .
12 ( 1, 2).
.
5. ** 1 2 ,
1 2.
) (, 2) (, 1) p q.
) p q .
6. ** p 1 2. q, t
p 1 2 . q, t
3 3:
) 1 2.
) p.
214
7. ** ( // ) ,
p . (, , )
(, , ) p,
.
8. **
,
.
9. ** p p
. p
( > ).
10. ** (, R)
= R 2 .
= R 6 . :
) .
) .
11. ** p p
. , , ,

=
=
:
) .
) .
) (, , )
12. ** ( A = 90)
.
= = .
215
13. ** p
p. p = 8 cm
= 10 cm.
()
3
= .
5
()
14. ** xAy = 60
p y
= 6 cm

p.
y
= 10 cm
x:
) .
) .
15. *** ,
2 - 2 = 2, ,
.
16. ** 1 2.
.
17. ** ,
1 2 .
18. ** , q
1 2 1 2.
216
19. *** (1) (2)
.
:
) .
) (, , ).
) (, , ).
(1) , , ,
.
(2) .
20. ** p, 1 p
. (1) 2 p
1.
(1) ,
,
, .
21. ** ,
, . :
) (, , ).
) (, , )
.
22. ** .
,
. :
) .
) .
217
23. ** p // q // r = 6,5 cm,
= 4 cm, = 10 cm.
:
)
) .
24. ** p . ,
P ,
, p

) , .
) , .
25. **
= 5 cm, BB = 8 cm, = 9 cm, = 6 cm

// BB // // , :
) (, ) // (, ).
) (, ) // (, ).
218
26. ** x O y, x O y
p q
. :
) p // q.
) x O y = x O y.
27. ** p q.
Kx, Ky, Kz p q
, , , , .
.
28. ** 1 2 p
) .
) ();
29. ** p q.
p q .
30. **
p .
31. ** p.
p
p.
32. ** p, 26 cm
38 cm . p
= 16 cm, .
219
33. **
34. **
.
35. ** 1, 2 ,
.
36. ** p
q p q.
220

( 12:
)
.

, ,

.
222
1
:
1
.
.

p .......................,

p ,
.......................
......................., ...............
. (, R)
= R 2 .
= R 6 . :
) .
) .
223
xAy = 60 p
y
= 6 cm (
)
p.
y
= 10
cm x
) .
) .
224
2
:
1
.
i) .................................. .
ii)

. = .
. < .
. .
. > .
. .

. 90 < 180.
. 180 270.
. 270 360.
. 0 90.
. .
p

. .
. .
. .
. p.
. p.
.
225

. .
. 30 .
. 45 .
. 60 .
. 90 .
B

p
cm
. 2.
. 4.
. 5.
5.
cm
3 cm
. 3.
A
p
B
AB
BB =

2

. 30.
. 45.
. 60.
. 75.
. 90.

. 30.
. 45.
. 60.
. 75.
. 90.
2
p
p. p = 8 cm
()
3
= 10 cm.
= .
5
()
226
12:

228
-
1. , 2. , 3. , 4. , 5. , 6. , 7. , 8. , 9. , 10. , 11. ,
12. , 13. i) - ii) - iii) , 14. , 15. , 16. , 17. , 18. ,
19. i) - ii) - iii) - iv) - v) , 20. , 21. , 22. , 23. i) - ii) , 24. ,
25. , 26. , 27. , 28. .

1. , 2. , 3. , 4. i) - ii) , 5. , 6. , 7. , 8. , 9. , 10. , 11. ,
12. , 13. , 14. .

1. i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
2. i)
ii)
229
iii)
iv)
v)
3.
4.

p.
p
.
p.
p
.
p.
230
5.

p .
p , .
, , p.
6.

AB
B
A Z
=
A E
=
231
7.

= 6
= 21
A
15
=
21
8.

= 45
= 30
= 60
232
9.

p q , q p.
p q, p AB q, p.
q p w p p q 0, q // w.
q p w p q w = , p.
233

1.
p,
p.
p,
p.
2.

p
p.
p
.

p
.
1
3. ) 1 2

2 .
(, 1) p.
) p 1 = {}

, 1
2
p
p.
, 1, 2 .
234
4.
12
p.
(1, R1) p,

, , 1.
(2, R2) p
2, ,
. (1, R1)
(2, R2)
p.
5. ) 2
(, 2) p.
(, 1) q.
) ,
1 2 .
p q,
, .
q
6. ) 3 1
,
2.
1 2
q
. ,
3 // 1. 3 // 2.
) 3 p ,
1. , 3 // 2 (. () ).
235
7. (, , )
(, , )
(, , ) (, ,
) p
.
, .
p.
(, , ) (, , ).
(, , ) (, , ) .
8. ,

= = .
, , ( )
= =
, , .
236
9. = .
2 - 2 .
(,
2 - 2 ).
:
p
(,
- ).
2 - 2
= .
.
(,
2 - 2 ) p.
10. )
2 = 2 + 2
2 = R2 + 6R2 = 7R2
A = R 7
) p

.
p

2 = 2 + 2 2 = 2R2 + 7R2 = 9R2 = 3R
237
11. )

// .
E
=
,
) ,
B
// .
) p
.
, //
// ,
(, , ).
12. ,
(, , )
= = .

(, , )
, , = =

, , .
238
13. p .
. ,
= -
2 = 100 - 64 = 36 cm2
= 6 cm.
1

6 cm 3
() 2
=
=
=
10 cm 5
() 1

2
14. ) x. p,
, x
y
) = 60 = 30
60
6
=
=3
2
2
cm 2 = 2 - 2 = 36 -9 = 27.
2 = 2 + 2 = 27 + 100 = 127
= 127 cm 11,26 cm.
239
15. .
2 - 2 = 2 .
2 - 2 = 2 = 2
M
2
. , =
2
, p
.
: p =
2

2
2 - 2 = 2 2 - 2 =2
.
p.
16. 1 2
1. (, 2)
x // 2. (1, Ax)
1 2,
2 // x. q,
1
2 x, q x // 2.
q (1, Ax)
1 2. 2
1.
240
17.
1, 2.
1
2 1 // 1 2 //
2.
1 ,
( 1 ,
2 )
2, 1 // 1 2 // 2 .
( 1 , 2 )
1, 2, 1 , 2
( 1 , 2 ).
18.
(,
1 )
Ax // 1
(, 2) y // 2.
p
p x, Ay
1, 2
1 // x 2 // y.
1 2. p
x, y.
.. x p x p
1 1
x, Ax.
241
, x, Ay p
p p
1 2.
19. )
=2
= 2.

// .
=

) // (, , ) (, , )
(, , ).
// (, , ).
) (), // (, , ).
1
20. 1
p. To (1, )
p
p x.

(1, ) 2 // x
1 ,
x
1.
2
1 p 2 // Bx. 2 // x
,
x.
242
21. )

(, , )
( )
(, , ).
)
. //
( ,
) // (, , ),

(, , ).
,
(, , ) .
22. ) ,
// = ,
// = // = .
.
)
( ,
()).
243
23.
= 6,5 - 4 = 2,5 cm.
10
=
=
=
=4
2,5
=4
=4
= 6,5 cm = 4 cm.
= 4 = 26 cm.
6,5
= 4 = 16 cm.
4
244
24.

// . // .
)
, ,
p. ,
p.
)
,
,

p. ,
p.
25. ) (, ) // (, )
, (,
) ,
(, ).
) (, ) // (, ).
245
26. ) xOy , xOy
p, q
y
A
p // q (p

q ).
) ,
xOy // // .
,
x

B
y
O
q
(
// = ),
( // = ) ( // = ).
O = O = xOy.
27. Kx, Ky
(x, K, y). //
p q
(x, K, y).
// // .

, .
246
28. )
(n1)
n1 n2 p.
q r ,
n2
n1, 1 n2, 2.
p
1 2

1 2 p.
n1 // n2 1 // 2
q // r. p
1 // 2 .
) 1 // 2 q p,
. 1, 2
p, .
247
29.
p.
q.
1 2
p q. 1 2
= (
, (, , 2)).
30. , ,
, ,
p.

p. //
//
.
p
248
31.
,
p.

p.
:
AM
M
=
.

= . = , .
32. = 26 cm
BB = 36 cm
// = ,
= = - =
38 - 26 = 12 cm.

2 = 2 + 2 =
162 + 122 = 256 + 144 = 400
AB = 20 cm.
p
249
33. .
( , )
()
.
.
34.
. Ax
.
. (, x)

x.
x p

.
p

p.

p ( ).
250
x
p
35. AB
1, 2.
(, 2) 1, 1
1 2.
(, 1) 2.
.. 2

1, 1

2.
36. q
x // , x q
// q. p
x // x p. q p
q x
p.
251
13:
-
1. * p,
p
p
.

() ().
)
, .
5. * .
6. * .
)
.
) p .
2. *

.
3. *
, .
4. * ,
.
7. *

.
251
8. * .
11. * .
12. * .
9. *
.
10. *

.
13. *
.
14. *
.
15. * .
16. *
.
17. *
1/2.
18. *
.
19. *
.
20. *
.
21. *
.
22. *
.
23. *
.
24. * V .
252
25. * .
26. * 1/2.
27. *
.
28. *
.
29. * .
30. *
.
31. * .
32. *
.
33. *
.
34. *
.
35. * .
36. *
.
37. * V
.
38. *
,
.
39. * ,
.
40. * .
41. *
.
42. * ,
253

(
).
43. *
R R.
44. * V R
R2.
45. * R
,
.
46. * ,
.
47. *
V .
48. * R
.
49. * R
.
50. *
.
51. * V
R .
52. *
R
.
53. * R ,
.
54. * R ,
V .
254
55. * V
R .
56. * ( A = B = 90)

,
,
.
57. *
.
58. *
.
59. * (, R)
.
, () ()
.
.

<R
=R
>R
60. * To
R.
61. * R ,
.
62. * ,
.
63. * .
255
256

1. *
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
2. *
. 4.
. 6.
. 8.
. 10.
. 12.
. 10.
. 12.
3. *
. 4.
. 6.
. 8.
4. *
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
5. *
2 cm, 3 cm 6 cm,
cm
. 3.
. 5.
. 7.
. 7,5.
6 cm
. 6.
2c
3 cm
6. *
. 2 .
2
.
2
. 2 2 .
256
. 3 .
. 3 3 .
7. * 96 cm2
cm
. 4.
. 6.
. 8.
. 10.
. 12.
8. * 16 m2
4 m m3
. 4.
. 20.
. 40.
. 48.
. 64.
9. * 4 m
3 m 10 m,
m3
. 30.
. 40.
. 50.
. 60.
. 70.
10. * ( =
, = = )
. + . . .
. + 2.
. +
E
.
2
. 2 + .
11. *
. 2.
. 6.
. 42.
. 4.
. 62.
12. *
. 6.
. 4.
. 62.
. 42.
. 2.
13. *
,
. + + .
. 2 ( + ).
. 2 + 2 + .
. + 2 + 2.
257
. 2 ( + + ).
14. *
R.
. 6R.
. 6R.
. 2R.
. 6R2 + .
. 6R2 + 2.
15. * R
R.

.
R2 3
3R 2 3
. .
.
4
2
. 3 R 2 3 .
. R 2 3 .
3R 2
.
4
16. *
. .
. .
. .
. .
17. *

. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
18. * h

. + h.
+h
.
2
. 2h.
h
.
2
h
.
3
19. *
12 cm2 3 cm, cm
. 4.
. 6.
. 8.
. 10.
258
. 12.
20. *
24 cm2 4 cm cm
. 3.
. 4.
. 5.
. 6.
. 8.
21. * V

. 2.
2
.
3
2
.
3
2 2
.
3
2
.
2
22. V
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
23. * V ,
.
.
( B + + )
3
( + + ) 2
3
.
.
( + + )
.
3
( + + )
3
( + + )
3
24. *
= 6 cm 10 cm2.

5 cm .
() cm
. 3 2 .
. 5.
. 6.
2.
. 3.
259
25. * R

. R.
R
.
2
R
.
4
. 2R.
2R
.
3
26. * V R
.
R 2
R 2
. .
.
2
3
. R 2 .
. 2R 2 .
. R 2 .
27. * R

. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
28. * R
V
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
29. * 2 cm
24 cm2, cm
.
2
.
4
.
6
.
. 6.
24
.
30. * 4 cm V 64 cm3
R cm
. 4.
4
.
4
.
260
4 .
4
.
2
31. * R ,
V
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
32. * R
V
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
33. * R

. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
34. * R

. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
35. * R
h
. 4Rh.
Rh
.
2
. Rh.
. 2Rh.
Rh
.
4
36. * R
h
. R (h + 2R).
.
R (h + R)
.
2
. R (h + R).
.
R (h + R)
.
4
261
. 2R (h + R).
37. * V R
. R2.
1
R2.
2
R 2
.
3
. 2R2.
. R2.
38. * R V
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
39. * R
h,
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
40. *
R, h
. (R + ) h.
.
. 2 (R + ) h.
(R + ) h
.
2
. 3 (R + ) h.
. 2 (R + ) h.
41. * R
. 2R2.
. 4R2.
. 42R.
. R2.
R 2
.
4
42. * 16 m2. H R m
.
2 .
2
.
2
.
2
.
. 2.
43. * V R
.
1 3
R .
3
2 3
R .
3
. R3.
262
4R 3
.
3
3 3
R .
4
44. * R ,
. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
45. * ;
.
.
46. * , K ,
,
. - = + 2.
. + = - 2.
. - = 2 - .
. - = - 2.
. + = + 2.
47. * 7 11
. 4.
. 6.
. 8.
. 10.
263
. 12.

1. * ,
....................................... .
2. * ...............................
.......................................................... .
3. * ,
............................ .
4. * ,
, , .
, , .

264
5. * R
. .

R 3
4R 2
6. *
4 cm.
, .

30
2 2
60
265
7. * , , ,
,
.

266
8. * ,
2R
2R
267
9. * , , ,
0,2
0,8
6,28
0,6
R
6,2
30
1500
10. * R ,
, , ,
.

3
5
25
268
1. ** ( A = 90)
= 3 cm, = 5 cm, 7 cm.

:
) .
) .
) V.
2. **
= 6 cm = 8 cm. 7 cm,
:
) .
) .
) .
) V .
3. **

22 ( ). :
) .
) .
4. **
2 3 cm
. :
) .
) .
) .
269
5. **

45 . :
)
) .
45
6. **

. V 3200 cm3, :
) .
)
7. **
V .
2,5 m
4,5 m
6,5 m
3m
8. ** 72 m3 .

2/3 , ,
.
270
9. ** .
2 m.
0,5 3 m
0,01 m. :
) .
) .
10. ** 108 m2,
5 m 13 m.
, .
11. **
3, 4, 5 21.150 cm2.
:
) , .
) V.
12. **
27 cm
454 cm2. N .
13. **
2,5 3 cm
13 cm. :
) .
13 cm
) .
) .
271
14. ** 10 m.
1 m2 150 .
15. ** 108.000 .
500 . m2. :
) .
) .
16. ** 5 6.
:
) .
) .
) .
K
17. **
5/6
.
384 cm2, :
) .
) .
18. **
2 = 122.
.
19. ** 0,4 m
0,7 m. :
) .
) .
272
20. ** 8 cm
50 cm. :
) .
) .
) .
21. ** 0,8 m
1,5 m. :
) .
) .
22. ** 2 m
10 m. :
) .
) .
) V.
23. ** 6 cm
80 cm3. .
24. ** ,
60.
.
25. ** 4
cm.
273
26. ** 80 cm
60 cm 1 m.
:
) .
) .
27. **
1,2 m 0,95 m
1,5 m.
:
) .
) .
28. **
70 cm 60 cm
cm.
65
29. ** ( )
3,2 m 0,2 m 2 m.
V =
;
274
1
(B + ) .
2
30. ** 233 m
146 m.
) .
)
.

.
) m3 2 t,
;
31. **
m2.
32. ** R
275
1
1
1
+
= .
R
33. ** = 20 cm
10 cm. :
)
.
) .
34. ** ,
2 cm 5 cm,
R2
R1
, 5 cm 1,5 cm.
7,4 gr/cm3
:
) .
)
.
35. **
30 mm
28 mm
7,86 gr/cm3 :
) .
) .
276
60 mm
36. ** ,

25 m
12 cm (
).

.

,
5%
.
37. ** 1 m
9,42 m2. :
) .
) .
) .
) .
38. ** 9 3 m2.
V ,
.
39. ** 6 m
60. :
) .
) V
40. ** 8 m2
2 m. N .
277
41. ** 565 dm2
18 dm. :
) .
) .
) .
42. ** R
.

RR
= 2R
43. **
=
.
V
= 2, =
, ,
.

44. ** ,
(, R)
.
12 cm 100 cm3,
R .
278
45. ** 20 cm, = 5 cm = 9 cm.
:
)
.
)
.
46. ** 10 cm
8 cm
12 cm.
) .
)
.
47. **
3:1.
48. ** .
.
49. ** 7,85 m2.
.
50. ** 2 m.
.
51.
279
52. ** = 4 cm,
= 6 cm
= 60

. :
)
.
) .
280
281

( 13: )
.

, ,

.
282
1
:
1
. R .
) .
) .
) .
.
) R

. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
) 2 cm
24 cm2 cm
.
2
.
4
.
6
.
. 6.
24
.
) R

. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
) R

. .
. .
. .
. .
. .
283
cm,
6 cm 5 cm.

.
x

;
284
6 cm
4 cm
2
:
1
. )
, , .
)
.
)
= = .
.
)
. 2.
. 6.
. 4.
. 42.
. 62.
)
. 6.
. 4.
. 62.
. 42.
. 2.
)
,
. + + .
. 2 ( + ).
. 2 ( + + ).
. 2 + 2 + .
. + 2 + 2.
) 2 cm, 3 cm
6 cm, cm
. 3.
. 5.
. 6.
. 7.
. 7,5.
)
2
.
. 2 2 .
. 3 .
. 3 3 .
2
) 96 cm2
cm
. 4.
. 6.
. 8.
. 10.
. 12.
. 2 .
285
:
)
2 mm
6 mm
) V.
286
3 mm
13:

288
-
1. ) - ) - ) , 2. , 3. , 4. , 5. , 6. , 7. , 8. , 9. ,
10. , 11. , 12. , 13. , 14. , 15. , 16. , 17. , 18. , 19. ,
20. , 21. , 22. , 23. , 24. , 25. , 26. , 27. , 28. , 29. ,
30. , 31. , 32. , 33. , 34. , 35. , 36. , 37. , 38. , 39. ,
40. , 41. , 42. , 43. , 44. , 45. , 46. , 47. , 48. , 49. ,
50. , 51. , 52. , 53. , 54. , 55. , 56. , 57. , 58.
59.
>R
<R
60. , 61. , 62. , 63. .

1. , 2.
, 3.
, 4. , 5.
, 6.
, 7.
, 8.
, 9.
, 10.
11. , 12. , 13. , 14. , 15. , 16. , 17. , 18. , 19. , 20. ,
21. , 22. , 23. , 24. , 25. , 26. , 27. , 28. , 29. , 30. ,
31. , 32. , 33. , 34. , 35. , 36. , 37. , 38. , 39. , 40. ,
41. , 42. , 43. , 44. , 45. , 46. , 47. .
289
1.
2.
3.
4.

42
62
2 + 2 + 2
2 ( + )
2 ( + + )
5.
3 R 3
R 3
3 R 3
R 2
4R 2
6R
3R
4R 2
2
+ 4R
6R +
3R2 3
3R 2 3
2R2
3R 2 3
6.

290
30
45
2 2
60
2 3
291
7.

1
3
9 2 - 3 2
1
2
4 2 - 2
3
4 2 - 2
4
1
2
4 2 - 2 2
1
2
4 2 - 2 2
4 2 - 2 2
2 - 2
1
2
3
2
4 2 - 2 2
292
4 2 - 2 2
3
4 2 - 2 +
4
2 3
4
4 2 - 2 2 + 2
3
2
+
4 2 - 2
3 2 3
2
8.

2R
2R (R + )
R2
4R
2R (R + 2)
2R2
4R
4R (2R + )
4R2
8R
8R (R + )
8R2
2R
2R
293
9.

0,2
0,2
0,8
3,9
6,28
12,2
5,16
0,6
6,2
1,857
30
5 2
300
10.

36
2,5
25
1,25
2,5
25
294
1500

1. ) 2 = 52 - 32 = 25 - 9 = 16 cm2
= 4 cm
. = 3 + 4 + 5 = 12 cm
E = 12 cm 7 cm = 84 cm2
) E =
3 cm 4 cm
= 6 cm2
2
= 2 + = 96 cm2
) V = 6 7 = 42 cm3
2. ) = 4 cm
AO = 3 cm

= 5 cm
) . = 4 5 = 20 cm
E = 20 7 = 140 cm2
) E =
8 cm 6 cm
= 24 cm2
2
E = 2 + = 188 cm2
) V = 24 cm2 7 cm = 168 cm3

3. ) x . x2.
2x. 4x.
2x. = 4x 2x = 8x2 8x2 = 22 x =
2
=
) V = E = 2
2
4
2
295
4. ) =
= 2 3 cm O =
2 3 =
3
2
3
= 4 cm
2
) E = 6
E =
6 16 3
= 24 3 cm2
4
) = 3 = 12 cm, = 6 = 6412 = 288 cm2

E = + 2 = 48 (6 +
3 ) cm2
5. ) To . = 45
, . = =
V = E =
6
2
3
.
2
2 3 3
3 3
=
.
4
2
8
) = 2 =
45
() =
6
1
=
4
2
6. ) , , .
= 2
= 3
(1)
= 3200
2 =2 + 2 + 2
(1)
= 10 cm, = 12,6 cm, = 25,2 cm
) E = 2 ( + + ) = 2 (25,2 12,6 + 12,6 10 + 10 25,2) =
2 (317,52 + 126 + 252) = 2 695,52 = 1391 cm2
296
7.

3 m 2,5 m
2,5 m
3 m
4,5 - 2,5 = 2 m
4,5 m
1
32=
2
7,5 + 3 = 10,5 m2.
= 3 2,5 +
6,5 m
3m
V V = E = 10,5 6,5 = 68,25 m3.

8. , .
2
2
4
.
3
8 3
8 3
4
=
.
= 72 83 = 216 3 = 27 = 3 m.
3
3
3
= 6 m = 4 m.
9. ) . . =
3 2 3
.
2
0,5 3 m V = (0,5)3 ( 3 )3m3. O

3 2 3
0,01 m.
2
3 2 3
0,01 = (0,5)3 ( 3 )3 2 = 25 = 5 m.
2
10. + + = 13,
2 ( + + ) = 108,
3 25 3
2 = 75 3 m3
2
2 + 2 =25
= 3 cm, = 4 cm, = 6 cm
297
11.
= = , 2 + 2 + 2 = 21.150
4
5
= 3,
= 4,
= 5
2 3 4 + 2 4 5 + 2 5 3 = 21.150
= 15. = - 15 .
= 15 = 45 cm, = 60 cm, = 75 cm.
) V = V = 45 60 75 = 202.500 cm3.
12.
: = x -
=x
=x
+
+ + = 27 cm x - + x + x + = 27 3x = 27 x = 9
= 9 - , = 9, = 9 +
454 cm2
= 2 ( + + ) = 2 [9 (9 - ) + (9 - ) (9 + ) +9 (9 + )] = 454
92 - 9 +92 -2 +92 +9 =227 2 = 16 = 4 cm
i) = 4 = 5 cm, = 9 cm, = 13 cm
ii) = - 4 = 13 cm, = 9 cm, = 5 cm

V = =5 9 13 =585 cm3
13. )
3
2
= 5 cm
=
2,5 3 =
3
= 5 cm,
2
2 - 2 = 13 2 - 5 2 = 144
= 12 cm
) = 3 =3 5 12 =180 cm2
) = + 2 = 180 + 2
13 cm
52 3
= 201,4 cm2
4
298
14. 5 = 52. = 3 2
= 32 102 =32 2 =
100
=33,33 m2
3
E = 5 33,33 = 166,65 m2. 166,65 150 = 24.998 .
15. =
108.000
= 216 m2
500
) = 62 216 = 62 2 = 36 = 6 m
) V = 3 = 63 m3 = 216 m3
K
16. )
.
5 3
2
:
5 =
5 3 2 219 2
= + = (6) + (
) =
2
4
2
219
2
3(5) 2 3
75 2 3
=
2
2
) =
15 2 219
5 6 219
=
2
2
2
) =
75 2 3
15 2 219
15 2
+
=
(5 3 +
2
2
2
299
219 )
17. ) =
5
6
.
= + =
4 5
8 2
+ 2 =
2 6
3
8 2
, 2 = 144,
3
= 12 cm
384 =
) OE =
5
= 6 cm KE =
= 10 cm
2
6
2 = 2 - 2 = 102 - 62 = 64 = 8 cm
18. =
, =
2
2
+
12
4
2 =
=
3
.
=
=
6
12
2 3
2
3
3
KO
1
= 2.
= .
3
KO
1
= . = 30.
300
h
2
19. ) =
. = 4 0,4 = 1,6 m

2 = 2 - 2 = 0,72 - 0,22
2 = 0,49 - 0,04 = 0,45
= 0,67 m
1,072 m
1,6 m 0,67 m
=
= 0,536 m2
2
2
) = + = 0,16 + 0,536 = 0,696 m2
=
h
20. ) =
2
3
8 3
=
= 4 3 cm
2
2

=
:
2
h
2
h = O + OM = 50 + 48 =
= 2500 + 48 = 2548 cm2
h = 50,47 cm
=
8 6 50,47
= 1211,28 cm2
2
) = + =
) V =
38 2 3
+ 1211,28 = 166,27 + 1211,28 = 1377,55 cm2
2
166,27 50
= 2771,2 cm3
3
301
21. ) OB =
0,8
2
:
O2 = B2 - OB2 = 1,52 -
0,8 2
=
2
0,64
= 2,25 - 0,32 = 1,93 m2,
2
KO = 1,38 m
= 2,25 -
) V =
E
3
0,8 1,38
0,64 1,38
0,8832
=
=
= 0,294 m3
3
3
3
K
22. ) :
2 = 2 + OB2 = 102 + 22 =
= 100 + 4 = 104 m2,
KB = 10,19 m
) :
2 = 2 - B2 = 104 - 12 = 103 m2
K = 10,148 m
=

3 2 3
) =
V =
2
3
V =
23. V =
3 2 2 3 10
= 34,64 m3
23
.
3
. =
80 =
h
6 2 10,148
=
= 60,88 m2
2
2
62 3
36 3
= 9 3 cm2
=
4
4
9 3
240 3 80 3
240
=
= 15,4 cm
240 = 9 3 =
=
3
27
9
9 3
302
24. , , ,
A M = 60. ,
(, , )
= 30, =
2
2 -
3
3
2
3 3
=
=
=
4
4
2
2
2
= 60 =
3
3 3
3
=
=
.
2
2
2
4
25. 4
4 cm
= 4
26. ) =
42 3
.
4
42 3
= 16 3 cm2 = 27,71 cm2
4
( + ) h
(4 80 + 4 60) 100
=
= 28.000 cm2
2
2
) = + + = 28.000 + 6.400 + 3.600 = 38.000 cm2
27. ) =
( + )
2
= 1,2 3 = 3,6 m
= 0,95 3 = 2,85 m

303

= = 0,95 m = .
2 = - = 1,2 - 0,95 = 0,25, = 0,125 m.
:
2 = 2 - 2 = 1,52 - 0,1252 = 2,25 - 0,015625 = 2,234 m2
=1,49 m
=
) =
(3,6 + 2,85) 1,49

2
6,45 1,49
9,6105
= 4,8 m2
=
2
2
1,2 2 3
0,95 2 3
+
+ 4,8 = 0,62 + 0,39 + 4,8 = 5,81 m2
4
4
304
28. ) V =
1
( + +
3
= 702 = 4.900 cm2
= 602 = 3.600 cm2
70 2 60 2 = 70 60 = 4.200 cm2

.
= -
70 2 60 2
= 5 2 cm
2
2
:
2 = 2 - 2 = 4225 - (5 2 )2 = 4225 - 50 = 4175 cm2

= = 64,61 cm
V=
1
1
64,61 (4900 + 3600 + 4200) =
64,6112.700 = 273.515,6 cm3
3
3
305
29.
1
1
( + ) ( +
2
3
+ ) =
( - 2 + ) = ( 6
6
[3 ( + ) - 2 ( +
6
+ )] =
)2 > 0. > 0.
( 6
)2 =
2
( 3,2 2 6
0,2 2 )2 =
2
2
(3,2 - 0,2)2 = 32 = 3 m3.
6
6
3 m3 .
1
1
E = 2332 146 2.642.065 m3
3
3
30. ) V =
) 1000 - 1 = 999
, 0,999 2.642.065 2.639.423 m3
) 2 2.639.423 = 5.278.846 t
31. R
= 3 = 33 = 3R 3 .
1
.
3
3 = 3R 3 , R =

= 2R =
32.
2
.
3
1
1
1
+R
1
=
=
+
2
R
2
R = 2 ( + R)
V = R2, .
= 2R ( + R), .
R 2
2R ( + R)
V
=
=1
=
E
2R ( + R)
2R ( + R)
306
33. ) = + 2
= 2R
10
=
= 5 cm
2
2
= 2 3,14 5 20 = 628 cm2
R=
= R2 = 3,14 52 = 78,5 cm2

= 628 + 2 78,5 = 628 + 157 = 785 cm2
) V = R2 = 3,14 52 20 = 3,14 25 20 = 1570 cm3
34. ) R1 = 2 cm 1 = 5 cm
R2 = 1,5 cm 2 = 5 cm.
R2
R1

V = V1 - V2 = R12 - R22
V = (R12 - R22)
V = (22 - 1,52) 5 = 8,75 27,475 cm3

= 27,475 7,4 = 203,3 gr

) E = E 1 + E 2 + 2 ( E 1 - E 2 )
E = 2 (R1 + R2) + 2 (R12 - R22) = 2 (R1 + R2) ( + R1 - R2)

= 2 (2 + 1,5) (5 + 2 - 1,5) = 38,5 cm2 =120,89 cm2
35. ) V1, V2
.

V1 = (
60 2
) 28 = 25.200 mm3 = 25,2
2
cm3

V2 = (
30 2
) 28 = 6,3 cm3
2
.
V = 25,2 - 6,3 = 18,9 59,346 cm3
307
30 mm
60 mm
= 7,86 59,346 466,46 gr

)

.
= 2
60
30
60 2
30
28 + 2
28 + 2 (
) - 2 ( )2 =
2
2
2
2
1680 + 840 + 1800 -450 = 3870 mm2 = 38,7 cm2 121,518 cm2
36.
25 100 = 2500 cm
12
= 6 cm. O
2
1 = 2 = 23,1462500 =
94.200 cm2
(100 - 5)% = 95%
94200 cm2 x cm2

0,95x = 94200,
95
x = 94200
100
x=
94200
,
0,95
x = 99.158 cm2,
37. ) = R (h + R) 9,42 = 1 (h + 1)
x = 9,9158 10 m2
h = 2 ()
) 2 = h2 - R2 2 = 3 =
) = Rh = 3,14 1 2 = 6,28 m ()
) V =
1
1
R2 = 3,14 12
3
3
3 = 1,81 m3
()
308
38.
2 3
2 3
.
= 9 3
4
4
= 6 m.
R =
3
6 3
R =
=
6
6
3 .
= ( 3 )2 = 3 m2. 6 m,
V V =
1
3 6 = 6 = 18,84 m3.
3
39. ) R ,
30
2R. 2R = 6
R=3m
OA = R =
h
h = 2R = 6 m
2
2 = h2 - R2 = 62 - 32 = 27 m2
= 5,19 m
= Rh = 56,52 m2
) V =
1 2
R = 48,88 m3
3
60
40. = R (h + R) 8 = R (2 + R) R2 + 2R - 8 = 0 3,14R2 + 6,28 R - 8 =
0
R = 0,88 cm
V=
1
1
R2 = 3,14 (0,88)2 2 = 1,621 m3.
3
3
309
41. ) = Rh 56,5 = 3,14 R18 R =
) =
) V =
h 2 - R 2 = 18 2 - 10 2 =
56,5
10 dm
5,652
224 15 dm
1 2
1
R = 3,14 102 15 = 1570 dm3
3
3
42. V = R2 = 2R
V = R2 2R = 2R3
4 3
R
3

V =
RR
= 2R
= 2R + 2R2 = 2R 2R + 2R2 =
4R2 + 2R2 = 6R2
= 4R2
:
V
2R 3
6
3
2
=
= =
=
4
4
4
2
V
R 3
3
3
E
V
E
6
3
6R 2
= = . = .
=
2
4
2
E
V
E
4R
43. V1, V2, V3

, , ,

V = V1 - V2 - V3 =
1
1
1
1
3 - 3 - 3 = [(3)3 - (2)3 - 3] =
6
6
6
6
1
183 = 33
6
310
1 2
V = 100 cm3
3
= = 12 cm
,
3V
. 2 =
3V
+ 2
R2 = 2 + 2. R2 =
3 100
R2 =
+ 122 = 25 + 144 = 169 cm2 R = 13 cm
12
45. ) A1
44. V =
,
V =
+
1
12 1 +
3
1
12 1 =
3
1
1
1
12 (1 + 1) = 12 = 529 = 75
3
3
3
) + = 1 + 1 = ( +) = 511 = 55,
+ = 20 - = 11
46. ) R = 10 cm = 8 cm.
R + = 18 cm. = 12 cm
R + > R - < .
,

, .
2.
) .
:
311
=
=
( - ) ( - ) ( - ) = 15 3 5 7 = 15 7 cm2.
15 7
5 7
OO 12
, 6 = 15 7 =
=
=
cm.
2
2
6
2
2
5 7
= 175 cm2.
=
2
4
312
47. = 3 2R = 3 =
2
2
(2R) 2
2R
2R
3
3
4R 2
=
2
1
4R
3
48. 2R
, 2R = R =
. H
2
4 = 2.
2
,
3
2
3
= 32. 32 - 2 = 22.
4
2
49. = 4R2
= 2R 2 = 42R2 = E
=
E =
7,85 = 4,96 m
50. 422 =16 . R
4R2. 4 R2 = 216 R2 = 8 R = 2 2 = 2,82 m.

51. = 4R2,
R=
,
2
= 2R,
E = 4
2
2
=
4 2
313
52. ) V = V + V =
1
1
2 + 2 =
3
3
1
1
2 ( + ) = 2.
3
3
B = 60 A = 30 =
=
= 2 cm
2
AB 2 - B 2 = 2 3 cm, =
A 2 - 2 = 2 6 cm.
= 2 + 2 6 = 2 ( 6 + 1) cm,
V=
1
122 ( 6 + 1) = 8 ( 6 + 1) cm3
3
) + = + = ( + ) = 2 3 10 =
20 3 cm2
314

ΚΕΕ-ΓΕΩΜΕΤΡΙΑ B ΛΥΚΕΙΟΥ

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

ΚΕΕ-ΓΕΩΜΕΤΡΙΑ B ΛΥΚΕΙΟΥ

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

2000

Copyright (C) 2000:

: 2 < 2 + 2, 2 < 2 + 2, 2 < 2 + 2,

: 2 > 2 + 2, 2 < 2 + 2, 2 > 2 + 2.

14. * A = 90, > ,

20. * = 2 cm, = 9 cm,

()2 + ()2 + ()2 = ()2 + 2 ()2 + 3 ()2.

23. ** 5 cm, 3 cm 7 cm.

28. ** < , > .

30. ** : = 3 cm, = 5 cm, = 7 cm.

ii. GA2 + GB2 + G2 =

= 9 cm, = 10 cm, = 15 cm,

: 362 < 252 + 162

23. i. : 72 > 52 + 32,

2 + 2 = 52 > 2, A < 90. B < 90 < 90

28. < , 2 < 2 .

ii. (1) (2) :

30. i. 72 > 32 + 52 2 > 2 + 2,

ii. GA2 + GB2 + G2 = (

(3) (1) (2) :

ii. (1), (2) :

55. = 9 cm, = 10 cm, = 15 cm

56. i. (1, R1), (2, R2)

(O1O2)2 = (O1)2 + (O2)2

61. (O, R), (O, R)

13. ** 256 cm2.

= 2 cm, = 6 cm, = 10 cm.

40. ** = 17 cm, = 8 cm, = 15 cm.

13. = 2. 2 = 256 cm2 =

360 - 240 = 120

() = (K) + (K) + (K) = 3 3 + 5 3 + 15 3 = 23 3 cm2

( ) 12 + 22 = 100. (1 + 2)2 - 212 = 100,

(2), (3) = 20 cm, = 4 cm (4)

(1), (2) () = 7 ().

34. ) () = 120 = 18 3 cm2

(3) (4), (5) :

(1), (2), (3) : () = ()

40. ) 172 = 82 + 152, 2 = 2 + 2

122 + 162 = 202, O .

(EB) + (A) = (EB + A)

x30 = y30 + 60 = z60 = 675

2z + + y + x = 60, (1), (2) :

(3) (4) : y = 7,5 = 7,5

+ + + = 300 + 150 + 150 + 212,1

AB =60 o , B =90 o , =120 o .

(1) (3) (2) : = 2 [

+ = 180 = 180 - 72 = 108

ABE = AEB , 2 ABE + A = 180 2 ABE = 180 - 108

EB = AB - ABE EB = 108 - 36 EB = 72.

27. (26), : EB = 72 B = 108,

19. *** (1) (2)

23. ** p // q // r = 6,5 cm,

= 5 cm, BB = 8 cm, = 9 cm, = 6 cm

= 6,5 - 4 = 2,5 cm.

26. ) xOy , xOy

= 3 cm, = 5 cm, 7 cm.

41. ** 565 dm2

45. ** 20 cm, = 5 cm = 9 cm.

60. , 61. , 62. , 63. .

) V = 24 cm2 7 cm = 168 cm3

) = 3 = 12 cm, = 6 = 6412 = 288 cm2

V V = E = 10,5 6,5 = 68,25 m3.

0,5 3 m V = (0,5)3 ( 3 )3m3. O

E = 5 33,33 = 166,65 m2. 166,65 150 = 24.998 .