WAN Configuration -Configure HDLC Setup a Cisco router for HDLC which is default DataLink protocol and does

not require specific L1 or L2 config commands if not, conf t > int xyz > encapsulation hdlc -- next the line status and config the clocking rate. -Veirfy DataLink Protocol Sh run int xyz (if default, will not show encap xyz) -Configure NAT Allow internal users to access the internet using what is called overloading when not enough public IPAs conf t > int f0/1 > ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 > ip nat inside > exit then int f0/0 >ip address 10.1.6.100 255.255.252.0> ip nat outside > exit >ip net pool no-over load 10.1.6.100 10.1.6.198 prefix 22 >ip nat inside source list 10 pool no-over load > ip access-list 10 permit 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.254 Connecting to a Network -Network Interface Card a NIC is needed to connect to the network -Comparing Media Requirements EIA/TIA Electronics Industries Alliance now known as Telecommunications Industry Alliance which facilitates standards for cabling used for telephone, Ethernet, fiber optics cabling EIA/TIA 568A & B which defines the color scheme for UTP cabling 100 meters Connector is ISO 8877 RJ45 100 BaseT minimum Cat 5

-Different Connections

Identify RJ45 ISO 8877 and RJ11

-100 BaseT GBIC Gigabit Int Converter -FiberOptic GBICs 1000Base Short wavelength SX Long LX/LH Extended distance ZX SC ST LC

-UTP Color coded RJ45 10 to 1000 Mbps not Megabyte small b least expensive -RJ45 Connector and Jack -UTP implementation 4 pairs

distance varies

-Loops vs. Spanning Tree 3 layer model build redundandcy which create loops with continous flooding Need Spanning tree protocol. Topologies -Physical and Logical How technology actually functions some cases the phy & log topo is the same -Bus Topology Everything connects to a central backbone terminated both ends all devices rec the signal uses contention method Collision solutions full-duplex operation limited collision domain -Star Topology Transmissions go through a central point -Extended Start Topology Better solution More resilent than start topology -Ring Topology Famous by token ring point of failure Single of failure

Grab token to transmit

Signal travels in only one direction Single

-Dual-Ring Topology FDDI replace Token-Ring Two rings two directions -Full-Mesh Topology WAN Highly fault tolerant Expensive

very costly and limited 200 Mbps

-Partial-Mesh Topology One dev to all devices Shared Networking

-Challenges <>Multiple computers taking turns to communicate Ethernet segment length May use a repeater to extend the cable distance Cannot have more than 5 segments, with 4 repaeaters, and 3 segments populated (5-4-3 rule) Collision domains and broadcast doens Limit size of the collision domain and broadcast domain Can add to network overhead and waste bandwidth >Sw reduce size of collision domain to a single port >Ehternet is broadcast based it uses contention everybody examine packets Network Congestion Requires a closer look >< result of collision domain size, broadcst domain size, the # of hosts on the network, the segment length, and trhe # of repeaters -Causes of Congestion

-Segmentation

-Bridging vs. Switching

-Microsegmentation -Half-Duplex vs. Full-Duplex -Hierachy of Design -LAN Ethernet Connectivity