SLIDE 1
NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (CONCEPT AND CASE STUDIES ) : DISASTER MANAGEMENT
ANNAPURNA SHENOY
4MW22EC010
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
V Semester
SLIDE 2 :
Disaster Management : Disaster Management is the coordinated effort to reduce the impact of
disasters, save lives, and assist communities in recovery.
Types of Disasters
Natural Disasters: Earthquakes , Hurricanes, Tornadoes , Floods, Wildfires, Tsunamis , Droughts,
Landslides
Man-Made Disasters: Industrial Accidents (e.g., chemical spills) , Nuclear Accidents ,Terrorism , Pollution,
Oil Spills
SLIDE 3
Key Phases: Mitigation, Preparedness, Response, Recovery.
Phase 1: Mitigation (Prevention)
Objective: To reduce the risks and impacts of disasters before they occur.
Key Strategies:
Hazard Mapping and Risk Assessment
Land-Use Planning and Zoning
Strengthening Building Codes
Environmental Protection (e.g., wetlands, forests)
Public Awareness and Education Campaigns
SLIDE 4
Phase 2: Preparedness
Objective: To ensure that systems and communities are ready for disasters.
Key Strategies:
Early Warning Systems (e.g., weather alerts, earthquake sensors)
Emergency Response Plans for local authorities and communities
Training and Simulation Drills
Resource Stockpiling (e.g., food, water, medical supplies)
Community Involvement and Education
SLIDE 5
Phase 3: Response
Objective: To manage the immediate impact of the disaster and protect lives.
Key Strategies:
Search and Rescue Operations
Medical Assistance: Field hospitals, emergency care
Relief Distribution: Food, water, shelter
Communication: Public information, updates
Coordination of Resources: Government, NGOs, military
SLIDE 6
Objective: To rebuild and restore the affected community.
Key Strategies:
Damage and Needs Assessment: Identifying immediate and long-term recovery needs
Infrastructure Rebuilding: Roads, schools, hospitals
Economic Recovery: Livelihood restoration, job creation
Psychosocial Support: Counseling and mental health services
Disaster Risk Reduction in Recovery: Incorporating lessons learned to build resilience
SLIDE 8
Case Study: Bhopal Gas Tragedy (1984) and NRM
Overview:
Date: December 3, 1984 | Location: Bhopal, India
Disaster: Toxic methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas release from Union Carbide plant.
Impact: 3,000+ deaths, long-term health issues, severe environmental contamination.
NRM Connections:
Water & Soil Pollution: Toxic chemicals contaminated local water and soil.
Lesson: Importance of pollution control and water resource management.
Land Use: Plant too close to residential areas.
Lesson: Need for industrial zoning and land-use planning.
Hazard Management: Lack of safety protocols and risk management.
Lesson: Effective safety systems and hazardous material controls are essential.
Lessons:
Stronger environmental regulations and disaster risk management could have reduced the impact on
health and the environment.
SLIDE 9
Chernobyl Disaster (1986) & NRM Connection
Overview:
Cause: Nuclear reactor failure at Chernobyl, Ukraine.
Impact: Widespread radiation, health impacts, and land contamination.
NRM Connections:
Radiation Contamination: Polluted land and water.
Lesson: Need for land reclamation and water management.
Forest & Ecosystem Damage: Deforestation and biodiversity loss.
Lesson: Importance of forest management and ecosystem restoration.
Agricultural Impact: Contaminated soil and crops.
Lesson: Need for soil decontamination and sustainable farming.
Energy Management: Highlighted nuclear risks.
Lesson: Shift to renewable energy and nuclear waste management
SLIDE 11:
Challenges in Disaster Management
Challenges:
Limited resources and funding
Lack of infrastructure in vulnerable areas
Inefficient coordination among agencies
Political or administrative hurdles
Climate change and the increasing frequency of disasters
Solutions:
Improve coordination and communication
Build resilient infrastructure
Foster public-private partnerships
Increase international collaboration
