UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR FACULTAD DE FILOSOFA, LETRAS Y CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACIN EDUCACIN SEMIPRESENCIAL Materia: INGLES Alumno: PAUL

PROAO V. Curso: Segundo B Ao: 2012

THE AFRICAN QUEENS SUMMARY

A life could have changes after lost any body. It began in the Central African Forest. The principal is Rose, who had a brother whose name was Samuel. They had successfully converted hundreds of people to Christianity world war one broke out and everything changed. The Germans, who were occupying Central Africa at the time attacked villages, houses, churches and towns. Samuel prayed that the war would end the prayed for peace; Samuel was ill in the bead, and Rose knew that he was close to death. Early. Samuel called his sister and minutes later he died. Rose was divested. She Knew, that the Germans destroyed her mission. She was full of hatred for the Germans. After two hours. She saw Charlie Allnutt, the English mechanic. Rosa asked him, if he had and he said yes. Its name The African Queen We really should go now, said Allnutt Its not safe for you here. Rose didnt have any choice and gave up that place Rosa had never steered a beat before and the experience was both exciting and terrifying. Allnut wanted to remain hidden in the backwater until the war was over. But Rose had other ideas. She wanted the Germans to pay for what they had done. Allnut talked with Rose about how they could keep away from to Von Hanneken. Who was the leader of the German army. He was the commandant of the Queen Luisa. It patrolled the lake. We have to help British defeat the Germans said Rose, but there is no way we can get to the lake in this boat, because there are rapids rocks and cataracts said Allnut. After, Allnutt thought about Roses idea. They team up with. The idea was think up a kind of torpedoes there were blasting gelatins, cylinders filled with oxygen and hydrogen on the African Queen boat. Rose thought about her brother and the life she had left behind. All she had now was her plan to sink the Queen Louisa. In the days that followed, Rose became on expert at steering the boat. Allnut sometimes was let down with her. The Roses plan was very dangerous, but rose talked in to him, and he had to leave out the danger. An after time, they were on Askariss earth. Askaris began to shoot them, but the African Queen escaped. Meanwhile, The strong currents of the Ulanga river were carrying The African Queen towards the rapids with frightening speed. They talked and laughed for ours, the difficulties they had faced had clearly made their friendship stranger and it seemed that they both enjoyed each others company very much. They had a lot of problems such as: -The nature caused to stop African Queens machine sometimes,

-The propeller was damaged, a time it was a splinter in Allnutts foot but Rose cut off it from him. -They had to cross the Bora Delta. It was a dangerous place. -They put up with swarms of flies and mosquitoes. -Leeches swelled up with his blood but Rose put salt over them. -Swamp was other obstacle including twisted tree roots, thick branches and some snakes. -They began to show sing of malaria, as high fever and muscle pain but fortunately, Allnut had medication on board. Days later they came through everything and when it occurred Rose got down on her knees and prayed for the first time that she felt better since leaving the mission. They were dose to the lake either to the Queen Louisa, but they didnt do anything because they didnt ready to fight with them. But Rose was suddenly disappointed. We should have been ready for them She complained. She thought that The Queen Louisa didnt come back. However Allnutt knew that The Queen Louisa came back, because the Germans are predictable. Allnutt put together the torpedoes in the African Queen then they had to sail and when they were at least half a kilometer away from the ship. They put on the lifebuoy and jump into the water. The African Queen had kept on its way and it collided with the Queen Louisa. Suddenly, there was a flesh of lightning followed by a loud boom of thunder. Then, it started to rain. It caused the water to swirl violently and The African Queen was sinking fast. They had to jump into the water. Charlie was captured by Queen Louisas officers, while he was interrogated. Rose had been found on one of the other islands. She was happy to see him again. The Captain didnt know what to do with his prisoners and he decided to give them to Matilda boat. It was a British ship. The next day, The Matilda and Amelia attacked The Queen Louisa together and The Queen Louisa began to sink, while Rose proposed to Allnutt to get married because, she couldnt support to return to England alone. Finally, Rose and Allnutt began a new life in South Africa, as man and wife.

ESSAY
The Disadvantages and Advantages of Mobile Phones
Written by PAUL PROAO To start with, mobile phones nowadays are an established part of society and cannot be

neglected for every days life of many people anymore. The contentious question of how much they are already dependent on their mobile phone is very interesting, as they have advantages and disadvantages. Some advantages of having it: It keeps you in constant contact with people you consider important It can help you seek help immediately during emergency cases Through mobile phones you can lessen your boredom, example listen to your favorite music and as well as watching movies through downloading. It can take photos Mobile phones also gives us easier access on the internet You can carry it anywhere It has a lot of useful function like calendar, making notes, alarm clock, timer and calculator. No doubt, our mobile phones makes our life more convenient, but as the saying goes every technology has it's equal negative side and mobile phones are not so especial to be exempted. Some disadvantages of having it: People spend less time bonding with their family and friends People just contact through phone and became too lazy meeting outside Disturb us on our works and studies People spend lots and lots of money buying the latest model Affects our body because of radiation it produces Easily broken mobile phone makes it easier to invade privacy In the end, I hope you can weigh the advantages and the disadvantages I have mentioned to help you use your mobile phone in a responsible manner. If you are a mobile phone user, it is important for you to educate yourself as to the risks and benefits of using such a device. Caution should always be taken when using a mobile phone while driving and the best idea is to wait until you are stopped completely, or pulled over, to use your mobile device to send text or email messages, as well as make mobile phone calls. Allow yourself to devote your full attention to the road and to devote attention to your vehicle when driving. Mobile technology can be a blessing, but it can also cause a fatal accident if used improperly.

Exercise on Modal Verbs and their Substitutes

Choose the correct substitute for each modal verb.
are supposed to

1. We ought to win the race. We

am able to

win the race. swim.

2. I can swim. I

have to

3. You must meet my best friend. You

is supposed to

meet my best friend. be in bed by now. get up early.

4. He should be in bed by now. He

have to

5. I must get up early. I

are allow ed to

6. They may stay up late. They

has to

stay up late. see the doctor. walk.

7. She needs to see the doctor. She

do not have to

8. We need not walk. We

are not allow ed to

9. You must not sleep You 10. Should I go to the cinema with them?

sleep.
Am I supposed to

go to the cinema with them?

Exercise on Modal Verbs and their Substitutes

Use modal verbs where possible. If a modal verb can't be used with a certain tense, use its substitute.
must

1. You(must)
need to

get up early tomorrow. call a baby sitter. watch the film tonight.
could not

2. You(not / need)
may

3. We(may) 4. He(not / can)

had to

see me yesterday. stay at school yesterday afternoon.

w ere you allow e

5. She(must) 6. (may / you)

must not

go to the disco yesterday? sleep now.

7. He(not / must)

need not

8. You(not / need)
supposed to

answer. give evidence at the court yesterday.

can not

9. He(ought to)

10. Since he bought the new car he(not / can)

sleep.

Exercise on the use of 'must not'

Principio del formulario

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- must not - prohibition (it is not allowed) - need not - option (it is not necessary) The players must not touch the ball with their hands or arms. = They are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms. Practise the use of 'must not' and 'need not' in the following exercise. Which is correct?
must not

1. The teams
need not

have more than 11 players on the field during a match. even be 11 players playing for each team.

2. But there
must not

3. Players
need not

wear anything which might injure another player. play the ball with their feet only.
must not

4. Players 5. Substituted players

must not

return to the game. leave the game without the referee's permission.

6. Players
must not

7. Players
need not

hold an opponent. send a player off if he has committed foul play.

must not

8. The referee

9. However, if a player is sent off during the game, he

be replaced.

need not

10. A period

be over after exactly 45 minutes.

Exercise on Infinitive and Gerund

Principio del formulario

02

Infinitive with / without to

Choose the correct form (infinitive with or without to).
speak

1. I can
to do

English. our homework.

stay

2. We have 3. You must

help

at home. you.
see

4. I will 5. He cannot 6. My little sister learns

to go

us.
to speak

. to the cinema.

7. They want
ask

8. You should
to have

your parents. a dog.

9. I'd like
come

10. May we

in?

Exercise on Infinitive and Gerund

Principio del formulario

default

Infinitive Constructions
Imagine you work in a tourist information. Tell your colleague what the tourists asked you. Transform the direct speech into infinitive constructions.
how to get to the

1. Two women asked, "How do we get to the castle?" Two women asked
w here to catch th

2. A man asked, "Where can I catch the bus?" One man did not know 3. An old lady asked, "Why should I go to the zoo by bus?" An old lady did not understand
w hy to go to the

w hether to buy a

4. Some teenagers asked, "Shall we buy a map?" Some teenagers wanted to know
w here to go shop

5. Two teenage girls asked, "Where can we go shopping?" Two teenage girls asked 6. A family asked, "Which film could we watch?" A family wanted to go to the cinema but they did not
w hich film to w at

know
w here to buy tick

7. A couple asked, "Where can we buy tickets for the opera?" A couple wanted to know
w hen to go on a

8. A young woman asked, "When can I go on a sight-seeing tour?" A young woman asked
w hat bar to go to

9. A businessman asked, "What bar can I go to?" A businessman did not know
w hat bar to go to

10. A drunk asked, "How do I get home?" A drunk could not remember

Exercise on Infinitive and Gerund

Principio del formulario

21

Exercise on Gerund
Complete the sentences with the gerund form of the verbs in parentheses.

dancing

1. She is good at(dance)

singing

. . cards.
sw imming

2. He is crazy about(sing)
playing

3. I don't like(play) 4. They are afraid of (swim)

in the sea.
smoking

5. You should give up (smoke)

being

. a popstar.

6. Sam dreams of (be)

making

7. He is interested in(make)
going

friends. by plane. the dinner ourselves.

8. My uncle is afraid of (go)

cooking

9. We insist on(cook)

Infinitive or Gerund
Choose the correct form (infinitive with or without to or gerund).
sw imming

1. We go
be

every week. .
becoming

2. Let it 3. He dreams of

an actor.
cycling

4. They enjoy
to find

. good friends.
flying

5. It is not easy 6. My friend is afraid of

reading

7. Jane is good at
to buy

. a new computer game.

8. He wanted

kissing

9. I am crazy about
come

. to my party.

10. You must

Choose the correct form (infinitive with or without to or gerund).

trust

1. We can
to see

him. you.
smoking

2. I am glad 3. Give up
to answ er

. the question. with you.

eating

4. It is difficult
being

5. I enjoy 6. John is fond of

be

ice-cream. famous one day.

learning

7. We will 8. I am interested in
park

karate. our car here.

giving

9. We cannot 10. Gareth is bad at

compliments.

Infinitive or Gerund
Choose the correct form (infinitive with or without to or gerund).
to see

1. I hope
dancing

you again soon. .

2. We enjoy

being

3. He dreamt about
to spend

an astronaut. another holiday in Spain.

4. I'd love
go

5. Why not 6. His jokes made us

to the cinema tonight?

laugh

. the guitar. up.

playing

7. They practised
to shut

8. I told him
studying

9. She was busy

crying

for her exams. .

10. There is no reason for

Infinitive or Gerund
Choose the correct form (infinitive with or without to or gerund).
to arrive

1. We managed
to repeat

in time. her question.

paying

2. We asked her 3. He insisted on

to get

the bill. up early.

getting

4. I used 5. I am used to
stay

up early. at home.
w riting

6. I would rather 7. I spent a lot of time

do

the essay. this?

8. Why should they

hearing

9. I am looking forward to
take

from you soon. the bus

10. You had better

Infinitive or Gerund
Choose the correct form (infinitive with or without to or gerund).
to apply

1. My friends encouraged me
to hurt

for this job. your feelings.

2. I didn't mean
being

3. I must apologize for

preparing

late. reports for the management. his friends.

4. The job involves

to betray

5. He refused
talk

6. Dont you dare

to have

to me like that! any money with you?

singing

7. Do you happen 8. Do you enjoy

?

to call

9. If you have any questions, don't hesitate

seeing

me.

10. I am looking forward to

you again soon.

Infinitive or Gerund
Choose the correct form (infinitive with or without to or gerund).
smile

1. The song made me

eating

. out tonight?

2. What about

to do

3. He swore never
say

that again. that?

opening

4. How dare you 5. Do you mind

picking

the window? you up at 9 o'clock. .

to threaten

6. It's no problem
go

7. Let them 8. It was rather wicked

her like that. in Canada.

craw ling

to w ork

9. She got an offer 10. Can you feel the spider

up your back?

Infinitive or Gerund
Choose the correct form (infinitive with or without to or gerund).
driving

1. On 17th February 2003, a congestion charge for

to reduce

in central London was introduced.

2. The aim was

the number of vehicles in London's City.

paying driving

3. People now have the choice between

turning

the charge and not away traffic from the City.

into the City.

4. The charge has proven very successful in

to decrease

5. As the traffic has been reduced by about 20 percent, journey times in the City tend
to charge

. people

6. According to an opinion poll, more than 50 percent of Londoners say that it is okay
driving

for

into the City.

to find flow

7. They are relieved

introducing

the traffic

more easily.

8. Before

the charge, average speed in the City was about 10 mph.

to pay

travel

9. Now, people who decide

20 mph.

the charge can

to go

at a higher speed, approximately

10. Many Londoners, however, have chosen

rise

by bus as delays to buses are now down by half. by 14 percent.

11. London's buses have seen passenger numbers

Exercise on Infinitive and Gerund

Principio del formulario

30

Exercise Infinitive or Gerund (Mix)

Infinitive or Gerund? - Which is correct?

1. When you come to the crossroads - stop there.

Remember to stop at the crossroads. Remember stopping at the crossroads. Both possibilities are correct.

2. Yesterday she read the first pages of her new book.

She began to read her new book. She began reading her new book. Both possibilities are correct.

3. I was talking to Marc. But when my boyfriend came in, I could not talk to Marc anymore.
I stopped to talk to him. I stopped talking to him. Both possibilities are correct.

4. We might go to England next year.

We intend to spend our holiday in England.

We intend spending our holiday in England. Both possibilities are correct.

5. I wanted to write a letter, but I didn't know what to write. (So in the end, I didn't write one.)
I tried to write a letter. I tried writing a letter. Both possibilities are correct.

6. I am sorry now for something I said earlier on.

I regret to say this. I regret saying this. Both possibilities are correct.

7. She read the text. Then she stopped. Now I want her to continue with the text.
Go on to read. Go on reading. Both possibilities are correct.

8. You think your computer does not work, but you just haven't switched on the monitor yet.
Your computer does not work? Try to switch on the monitor. Your computer does not work? Try switching on the monitor. Both possibilities are correct.

9. The joke was so funny, that he bursted out in laughter.

He started to laugh. He started laughing. Both possibilities are correct.

10. Yesterday I remembered that last year I got sick on your carpet.
I remembered to get sick on your carpet.

I remembered getting sick on your carpet. Both possibilities are correct.

Test
Decide whether to use Infinitive (with/without to) or Gerund.
to live

What can we do

a healthy life?
w orking

In our society, people spend more and more time

to prepare

So we often don't bother

to save

healthy meals.
to buy

In order

time, we tend
eat

fast food.
having to pay

At fast food restaurants, we can

eating

quite a lot without

drinking

a fortune. lemonade and cola.

And children enjoy

chips and burgers and

to shake

That's a problem because eating habits are hard

destabilising

The high amount of carbonhydrates in fast food and sugary drinks is blamed for body's regulation of appetite.
w anting to eat

the

So we keep on
becoming

more. obese. from heart diseases.

to risk choosing to eat

Bad eating habits result in people

suffering

Obese people risk

avoiding

We can

such diseases by
to do

healthy food.
living

Be careful though. Some people are convinced on energy bars or cornflakes. And this is what the advertising for these products wants

something for their health by

to make think

us

to give

In reality, however, these foods are often heavily sugared

them flavour.
relying

But sugar is not mentioned as clearly as the low fat - that's why experts warn against ads.
to choose

on the

To live a healthy life, we ought

eat try

our food wisely.

to find exercising

We should

regular meals and

ways of

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