components
I t is a
solute + solvent
homogenous
-> solution
mixture of two or more Idealsolution y
Pobserved = Pineoretical
Raoult's law at all composition
a
Solutions
,
! 3) n-hexame +
n-heptane
Non-ideal :
-
CONC TERMS :
-
Pobs = Pteor
I
marofsolute
w/w.
Tynes
=
one
: -
2) V/V .
1 . =
volumeofsolut
a
POPXTederala
1) w/v.. =
more of solute x10
2) Pobs < PAXA + PBXD
volume of solution only if Pac PAXa + PBXR
DHCO AS3O AGO DVLO
4)
, , ,
Mole fraction (X) :
Xi solute : no of moles of solute
no
of moles of solution
X solvent
no of coe ofsoa
:
,
mole % =
XX100 ,
XitX2 =
5) Molarity :
noofcoesofsolute
a
M =
!
T
,
naNo
dx10XWwsolute
>
give properti whichonly
M
IOX
= M=
,
bound or amounto a
temp dependen
a
Molarity
is
=>>
3) Molality :-
m = no of roles of solute
weight of solvent
:XX1000 =100 MYM
Molality is
temp independent
M . Vi = McVz >
-
Dilution Formula .
Molarity of mixing of non-reacting -
:
-
HCl |+ Cl HC
-
-
+
M .. r ,
M2 v 2 -
,
0 0 => Vr Vitueldeal sol.
-
=
+
-
VrYVitVz => non-ideal son" -
VI V2
-
ButWWWorb -
vapourprevureThepremuneexertedbythe aent vapon
>
VP does not on amount of liquid shape of ,
container
. -
ItMend
and would
2) Temperature : -
Temp 2 VP
-log []
Clausius en :
Boiling point :-
Temp at which up = ext pressure (ate) .
Ext prey a BP
Rault's law : -
PS = PA + Pr + Dalton's law
PA state
PA=PX
+ up at pure
R Law for sol" volatile liquids
a
containing -
.
PS= PAP py - XA +
v =
= PAxA + PR(1 Xm) -
PSPRPPA
cal" of X of components in vapour phase -
:
XA
= XD
=
2) Non volatile : -
AP = PAXR
