RESTO LEC.

Chemistry of dental cements -Zinc Oxide Eugenol -Zinc Phosphate cement -Polycarboxylate cement -Glass ionomer cement -Varnish

5. Aluminum Oxide -controls setting time -mechanically reinforces the resulting cements ------Liquid-----Eugenol -org. liquid that is a weak acid -major components of oil of cloves -has distinctive smell and taste

Instrumental bases stronger than a liner provides thermal insulation

-phenol derivatives that is antibacterial -obtundent to the pulp -inhibits force radical polymerization

support restorative materials release fluoride Types some maybe irritating to the pulp before the setting reaction is completed maybe used in conjunction 1. Unreinforced ZOE -only used when strength and solubility are not critical -formulation for temporary restoration

Chemistry of dental cements 2. Reinforces ZOE A. Formulation -stronger and less soluble -Dental cements are typically powder and liquid system -used for temporary and intermediate bases -the liquid is an acid -the powder isa a base -the powder must be insoluble -additives include, methacrylate resin 3. ZOE-EBA -stronger and less soluble ZINC OXIDE EUGENOL CEMENT - a very old and yet useful cement -its obtundent property makes it useful for sedative and temporary fillings Mixing of Cement -come with stand amalgam condensation forces 1. The powder is measured and dispensed with a scoop. -Supports overlying amalgam restoration 2. The liquid is dispensed as drops -Biocompatibility is very good 3. A glass slab is used for mixing powder/ liquid ZOE -May cause hypersensitivity reaction COMPONENTS -------Powder-------1. Zinc oxide powder- is the only one insoluble, nontoxic, reactive oxide by hydroxide available to 2. Resin sets 3. Zinc stearate -Soap assists in clean-up 4. Zinc acetate 4. The powder is forced to the liquid using a cement spatula 5. Mixing process first incorporates large instrument the smaller instruments 6. Clean-up - wash off materials with water before the materials -used for intermediate bases -additive includes ethoxybenzoic acid resin and polymethyl

- Set ZOE can be dissolves in organic solvent (alcohol) -----Liquid--7. Setting reaction 1. Aqueous solution or polyacrylic acid -water accelerates the setting time reaction 2. Copolymers 8. Removal of excess -removed with spoon excavator the material has cut set. Manipulation - Powder is rapidly incorporated into the liquid in large quantities Clean-Up -Mix should be completed in 30-40 sec 1. Clean slab and cements spatula and washed with tap water and soap before material sets 2. Set materials is difficult to remove from the slab and spatula -mix will appear thicker than the other cement mixture - meticulous clean surface is necessary to provide infinite contact with cement and tooth.

Control of Setting Time Properties - Lower the temperature during mixing -pH of the cement is 1.7 -rate of adding the powder to the liquid -produce minimal irritation to the pulp -the longer is the mixing time thla slower the setting time -the more liquid employed in the ratio to the powder the longer the setting time ( not applicable) - Adhesion occurs by the chelation the calcium or the apetite enamel and dentin by the carboxyl group or the polyacrylic acid

**** Things to remember**** - No moisture

Theories explaining the reaction of the pulp of the Polycarboxylate cement 1. Large size of the polyacrylic acid molecule

-discard liquid when cloudy or forms crystals -phosphoric acid solution absorbs water, do not 2. Poly acrylic acid molecule tendency to complex with protein limiting its diffusion through the dental tubules

POLYCARBOXYLATE CEMENT -Powder liquid system -cements w/c has evidence of adhesion to the tooth -not as acidic biocompatible -not as strong as zinc phosphate cement and is

GLASS IONOMER CEMENTS -similar in both composition and handling characteristics to the silicate cement -become popular as results of mechanical properties and clinical the physical and

Components Composition ------ Powder-----------Powder----1. Calcium aluminosilicate glass particle 1. Zinc oxide 2. Fluoride 2. Magnesium oxide ------Liquid---3. Calcium hydroxide 1. Poly acrylic-itacomic acid copolymer 4. Fluoride 5. Metallic salt - modifying the setting time reaction

-----Properties----strong and least soluble dental cements -adheres to the tooth and release fluoride -good biocompatibility -an applicator s used for mixing the paste -band to stainless steel and alloys form -mixing should be achieved -setting reaction of calcium hydroxide is accelerated by water -moisture present in dentin causes material to set in few seconds -allow to set scrape the material Mixing -the pastes of the same amount are dispensed on a mixing pad

Mixing Of the cements 1. The powder is dispensed with a scoop and the liquid is dispensed in drops 2. A cements spatula and mixing it typically used the plastic coating prevents the paper from absorbing the liquid. 3. 4. Mixing should be completed 60 sec. or less 5. The cements should be seated within 2 min. from start of mixing 6. The powder is mixed into the liquid in two increments 7. The mixed materials must be placed while the cement

VARNISH -serves as protection against acid of dental cements -reduced leakage restoration of mouth fluoride around the

-maybe applied to the surface of the metallic restoration to reduce galvanic action

Components Clean-Up -clean up with water is very easy and should be done before the material set. - Set material will chemically Application CALCIUM HYDOXIDE -at one very popular -placed under most composit resin restoration -promote formation of secondary dentin -recommended when dentin covering cavity preparation cleans little -varnishes are fluid substance that is readily painted on the surface of the prepared cavity -solvent rapidly evaporates 1. Natural gum- Copal, rosin or synthetic resin 2. Organic solvent- acetone, chloroform or ether

Types 1. Liner- has thinner consistency than base, oldest calcium hydroxide liner weak and was used a liners. 2. Bases- layer of materials that as insulator and protective barrier beneath restoration - Calcium hydroxide are supplied in paste- paste system -One paste contains calcium hydroxide in distilled water -Second paste contains salicylate -Titanium oxide- filler