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Azmat Ali

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Cambridge Assessment International Education

Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

* 2 5 0 9 2 3 6 3 9 5 *

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/21

Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming May/June 2019
1 hour 45 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.
No calculators allowed.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces at the top of this page.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.

DO NOT ATTEMPT TASKS 1, 2 AND 3 in the pre-release material; these are for information only.

You are advised to spend no more than 40 minutes on Section A (Question 1).

No marks will be awarded for using brand names of software packages or hardware.

Any businesses described in this paper are entirely fictitious.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

The maximum number of marks is 50.

This syllabus is regulated for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 13 printed pages and 3 blank pages.

DC (SC) 162367/3
© UCLES 2019 [Turn over
2

Section A

You are advised to spend no longer than 40 minutes answering this section.

Here is a copy of the pre-release material.

DO NOT attempt Tasks 1, 2 and 3 now.

Use the pre-release material and your experience from attempting the tasks before the examination to
answer Question 1.

Pre-release material
The local high school uses buses to transport students to school. There are six bus routes labelled A to F. You have
conducted a survey to analyse the punctuality statistics of these buses over a four-week period. The data from the
survey are shown in the table:

Punctuality table
Day Bus A Bus B Bus C Bus D Bus E Bus F
Mon1 0 0 2 1 −1 0
Tue1 0 1 0 0 −1 −5
Wed1 0 0 −1 0 −1 −5
Thu1 2 0 −1 0 −2 −5
Fri1 2 1 −2 0 −4 −4
Mon2 4 2 −2 0 −10 −3
Tue2 0 0 −3 0 −2 −5
Wed2 3 0 −1 0 0 0
Thu2 4 0 0 0 0 0
Fri2 −2 0 0 0 0 0
Mon3 −5 1 −2 2 0 0
Tue3 0 0 0 0 1 −2
Wed3 0 0 1 0 2 −3
Thu3 3 0 1 0 −3 1
Fri3 4 2 1 0 1 1
Mon4 −1 0 1 0 1 1
Tue4 8 0 −1 0 3 0
Wed4 1 1 −1 0 −1 0
Thu4 1 0 2 0 0 −2
Fri4 −2 0 −2 0 0 −5
Positive numbers represent minutes early, negative numbers represent minutes late and 0 represents the bus having
been on time.

Write and test a program or programs for the local high school.

You will need to complete these three tasks. Each task must be fully tested.

Task 1 – Setting up the data storage.

Using arrays set up a system to enable data for each bus route to be entered covering each day of a four-week
period. It must be possible to enter the data supplied or your own set of data, using suitable prompts as necessary.

Task 2 – Working out the statistics.

Extend your program so that the following statistics for the four-week period may be calculated and output:
• the number of late arrivals for each bus route
• the average number of minutes late for each bus route
• the bus route with the highest number of days on which it was late
• the average number of minutes late for each bus route, using only data from days on which it was late
All the results should be displayed with appropriate annotation.

Task 3 – Checking specific days.

Extend the program as follows:
• Allow the user to input a specific day, for example Fri3, to be used for analysis of data.
• Find and display how many buses were late on this particular day.
• For each late bus, display the route label and how late the bus was on this particular day.

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19

1 (a) All variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.

(i) State one array you used for Task 1. State the data type and purpose of this array.

Array ..................................................................................................................................

Data type ...........................................................................................................................

Purpose .............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[3]

(ii) State one variable you used for Task 2 and one variable you used for Task 3. In each
case, state the data type and purpose of the variable.

Task 2 variable name ........................................................................................................

Data type ...........................................................................................................................

Purpose .............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

Task 3 variable name ........................................................................................................

Data type ...........................................................................................................................

Purpose .............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[6]

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19 [Turn over

(b) Write an algorithm to show how you calculated and output the number of late arrivals and the
average number of minutes late for each bus route (part of Task 2), using either pseudocode,
programming statements or a flowchart.

...................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [6]
© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19 [Turn over
6

(c) Explain how your program uses the input in Task 3 to only find the data for that specific day
(part of Task 3). Any programming statements used in your answer must be fully explained.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19

(d) Explain how you would alter your program in Task 1 to allow you to choose the number of
weeks to enter data on bus arrival times.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19 [Turn over

Section B

2 Describe each of the following data types used in programming. In each case, give an example of
a piece of data to illustrate your answer. Each example must be different.

Char

...................................................................................................................................................

String

...................................................................................................................................................

Boolean

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[6]

3 (a) Give an example of a conditional statement using pseudocode.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(b) Describe the purpose of a conditional statement.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19

Question 4 starts on page 10.

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19 [Turn over

4 This section of program code may be used as a validation check.

1 PRINT "Input a value between 0 and 100 inclusive"

2 INPUT Value
3 WHILE Value < 0 OR Value > 100
4 PRINT "Invalid value, try again"
5 INPUT Value
6 ENDWHILE
7 PRINT "Accepted: ", Value

(a) Give a name for this type of validation check.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Describe what is happening in this validation check.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

Value OUTPUT

[3]

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19

(d) Draw a flowchart to represent this section of program code.

[5]
© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19 [Turn over
12

5 The table, BEVERAGES, shows the number of calories in 100 ml of a range of popular beverages.
It also shows the availability of these drinks in a can, a small bottle and a large bottle.

BevNo BevName Calories Can Small Bottle Large Bottle

Bev01 Cola 40 Yes Yes Yes
Bev02 Lime 45 Yes No Yes
Bev03 Energy Drink 1 52 Yes Yes No
Bev04 Energy Drink 2 43 Yes No No
Bev05 Mango 47 Yes No Yes
Bev06 Lemon Iced Tea 38 Yes No Yes
Bev07 Lemonade 58 Yes Yes Yes
Bev08 Orange Juice 46 Yes Yes No
Bev12 Apple Juice 50 Yes Yes No
Bev15 Chocolate Milk 83 Yes Yes No

(a) Give a reason for choosing BevNo as the primary key for this table.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) State the number of records shown in the table BEVERAGES.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19

(c) List the output that would be given by this query-by-example.

Field: BevNo BevName Can Small Bottle Large Bottle

Table: BEVERAGES BEVERAGES BEVERAGES BEVERAGES BEVERAGES

Sort: Descending

Show: ü ü
Criteria: = "Yes" = "Yes" = "Yes"

or:

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

(d) Complete the query-by-example grid to output a list showing just the names and primary keys
of all the beverages with a calorie count greater than 45. The list should be in alphabetical
order of names.

Field:

Table:

Sort:

Show:
Criteria:

or:

[4]

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19

BLANK PAGE

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download
at [Link] after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which itself is a department of the University of Cambridge.

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/M/J/19

Cambridge Assessment International Education
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/21

Paper 1 May/June 2019
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 50

Published

This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates, to indicate the requirements of the
examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate the
details of the discussions that took place at an Examiners’ meeting before marking began, which would have
considered the acceptability of alternative answers.

Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for
Teachers.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the May/June 2019 series for most
Cambridge IGCSE™, Cambridge International A and AS Level and Cambridge Pre-U components, and
some Cambridge O Level components.

This syllabus is regulated for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 9 printed pages.

© UCLES 2019 [Turn over

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Generic Marking Principles

These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers.
They should be applied alongside the specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors
for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these marking principles.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

• the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question
• the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question
• the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

• marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit
is given for valid answers which go beyond the scope of the syllabus and mark scheme,
referring to your Team Leader as appropriate
• marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do
• marks are not deducted for errors
• marks are not deducted for omissions
• answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these
features are specifically assessed by the question as indicated by the mark scheme. The
meaning, however, should be unambiguous.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed
instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question
(however; the use of the full mark range may be limited according to the quality of the candidate
responses seen).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should
not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.

© UCLES 2019 Page 2 of 9

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

1(a)(i) Many correct answers, the name must be meaningful. Must relate to Task 1 3
1 mark per bullet point

e.g.1
• Array BusA
• Data type integer
• Purpose storing the minutes late

e.g.2
• Array Day
• Data type string
• Purpose storing the code for the day of the week

1(a)(ii) Many correct answers, the name must be meaningful. Names shown are 6
examples only.
1 mark per bullet point

• Task 2 variable name BusAMinsLate

• Data type real
• Purpose used in calculation of average minutes late

• Task 3 variable name SearchDay

• Data type string
• Purpose to input the day to be searched for

1(b) 1 mark for each point: 6

MP1 Conditional statement to identify when a bus is late (punctuality
< 0)
MP2 Count the number of late days for at least one bus route
MP3 Total the late minutes for at least one bus route
MP4 Calculation of average minutes late

1 mark for each point (max three points):

MP5 Initialisation of counting/totalling variables
MP6 Iteration through days
MP7 Checking all buses«
MP8 Count late days and total minutes for all bus routes
MP9 Output of number of late arrivals or average minutes late for at
least one bus route«
MP10 Output complete with all bus routes with late arrivals and
average minutes late, with appropriate messages

Example algorithm on next page

© UCLES 2019 Page 3 of 9

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

1(b) Example algorithm

CountA ← 0; CountB ← 0; CountC ← 0; CountD ← 0;
CountE ← 0; CountF ← 0
TotalA ← 0; TotalB ← 0; TotalC ← 0; TotalD ← 0;
TotalE ← 0; TotalF ← 0
FOR Days ← 0 to 19
IF BusA[Days] < 0
THEN
CountA ← CountA + 1
TotalA ← TotalA + BusA[Days]
ENDIF
IF BusB[Days] < 0
THEN
CountB ← CountB + 1
TotalB ← TotalB + BusBA[Days]
ENDIF
IF BusC[Days] < 0
THEN
CountC ← CountC + 1
TotalC ← TotalC + BusC[Days]
ENDIF
IF BusD[Days] < 0
THEN
CountD ← CountD + 1
TotalD ← TotalD + BusD[Days]
ENDIF
IF BusE[Days] < 0
THEN
CountE ← CountE + 1
TotalE ← TotalE + BusE[Days]
ENDIF
IF BusF[Days] < 0
THEN
CountF ← CountF + 1
TotalF ← TotalF + BusF[Days]
ENDIF
NEXT
PRINT "The number of late days for each bus route are:
Bus A "CountA", Bus B "CountB", Bus C "CountC", Bus D ",
CountD", Bus E ", CountE", Bus F "CountF
PRINT "The average number of minutes late for each route
are: Bus A "TotalA/20", Bus B "TotalB/20", Bus C
"TotalC/20", Bus D ", TotalD/20", Bus E ", TotalE/20",
Bus F "TotalF/20

© UCLES 2019 Page 4 of 9

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

1(c) Explanation of how the candidate’s program performed the following: 3

Three from:
MP1 The input stored as a variable
MP2 The method used to find the position of the day in the Day
array that matches the input
MP3 The array index is stored as a variable
MP4 The index variable used as the array index for each bus array
MP5 «and the contents of each array stored/output.

1(d) Two from: 2

MP1 Add a user input and prompt to enter the number of weeks
required to record data on arrival times
MP2 Store the user input for number of weeks as a variable
MP3 Calculation to change number of weeks to number of days
MP4 Replace the upper limit of the loop with a variable
MP5 Increase the maximum size of the arrays to accommodate a
higher number of weeks

Question Answer Marks

2 Many possible answers, those given are examples only. 6

1 mark for each correct description and 1 mark for each correct example

Char
Description: A single character (from the keyboard)
Example: A/#/2

String
Description: An (ordered) sequence of characters
Example: Hello world / #123?Y / 234 78963

Boolean
Description: A data type with two possible values
Example: TRUE / FALSE

© UCLES 2019 Page 5 of 9

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

3(a) Many possible answers, those given are examples only. 2

1 mark per bullet:
• IF
• Condition and outcome

Example answer:
IF X < 0
THEN
PRINT "Negative"
ELSE
PRINT "Not negative"
ENDIF

1 mark per bullet:

• CASE
• Condition and outcome

Example answer:
CASE X OF
1: PRINT ("ONE")
2: PRINT ("TWO")
OTHERWISE PRINT ("Less than ONE or more than TWO")
ENDCASE

3(b) • To allow different routes through a program 2

• dependent on meeting certain criteria

Question Answer Marks

4(a) Range check 1

4(b) Two from: 2

• The entered number (Value)is being checked to see that it is not

< 0 or not > 100
• If it is, it is rejected and the user has to enter another number / an
error message is displayed
• Otherwise the number is accepted, the word ‘Accepted’ is output
along with the Value

© UCLES 2019 Page 6 of 9

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

4(c) 3
Value OUTPUT

Input a value between 0 and 100

inclusive

200 Invalid value, try again

300 Invalid value, try again

–1 Invalid value, try again

50 Accepted: 50

1 mark – Value column

1 mark – OUTPUT column first line
1 mark – OUTPUT column lines two to five

© UCLES 2019 Page 7 of 9

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

4(d) 5
START

PRINT "Input a
value between
0 and 100
inclusive"

INPUT Value
PRINT "Invalid
value, try
again"

IS Value < 0
Yes
OR
IS Value > 100 ?

PRINT
"Accepted: ",
Value

END

1 mark – Input prompt and input value

1 mark – Correct decision box labelled sufficiently (Yes/No) – allow 2
decision boxes
1 mark – Remaining outputs correct
1 mark – All connecting lines and arrows to be complete and correct
1 mark – Standard flowchart symbols used

© UCLES 2019 Page 8 of 9

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

5(a) Each data value is unique 1

5(b) 10 records 1

5(c) Bev07 Lemonade 3

Bev01 Cola

1 mark for each correct content

1 mark for each correct format
1 mark for correct order

5(d) 4
Field: BevNo BevName Calories

Table: BEVERAGES BEVERAGES BEVERAGES

Sort: Ascending

Show: ; ;
Criteria: >45

or:

1 mark for correct Field row

1 mark for Table and Sort rows
1 mark for correct Show row
1 mark for correct Criteria rows

© UCLES 2019 Page 9 of 9

Cambridge Assessment International Education
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education
* 2 5 2 6 7 5 1 7 2 1 *

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/22

Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming May/June 2019
1 hour 45 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.
No calculators allowed.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Answer all questions.

DO NOT ATTEMPT TASKS 1, 2 AND 3 in the pre-release material; these are for information only.

You are advised to spend no more than 40 minutes on Section A (Question 1).

No marks will be awarded for using brand names of software packages or hardware.

Any businesses described in this paper are entirely fictitious.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

The maximum number of marks is 50.

This syllabus is regulated for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 13 printed pages and 3 blank pages.

DC (LT/JG) 162368/2
© UCLES 2019 [Turn over
2

Section A

You are advised to spend no longer than 40 minutes answering this section.

Here is a copy of the pre-release material.

DO NOT attempt Tasks 1, 2 and 3 now.

Use the pre-release material and your experience from attempting the tasks before the examination to
answer Question 1.

Pre-release material

An auction company has an interactive auction board at their sale rooms, which allows buyers to
place bids at any time during the auction. Before the auction starts, the sellers place their items
in the sale room with a unique number attached to each item (item number). The following details
about each item need to be set up on the interactive auction board system: item number, number of
bids, description and reserve price. The number of bids is initially set to zero.

During the auction, buyers can look at the items in the sale room and then place a bid on the
interactive auction board at the sale room. Each buyer is given a unique number for identification
(buyer number). All the buyer needs to do is enter their buyer number, the item number and their bid.
Their bid must be greater than any existing bids.

At the end of the auction, the company checks all the items and marks those that have bids greater
than the reserve as sold. Any items sold will incur a fee of 10% of the final bid to be paid to the
auction company.

Write and test a program or programs for the auction company.

• Your program or programs must include appropriate prompts for the entry of data, data must be
validated on entry.
• Error messages and other output need to be set out clearly and understandably.
• All variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.

You will need to complete these three tasks. Each task must be fully tested.

Task 1 – Auction set up.

For every item in the auction the item number, description and the reserve price should be recorded.
The number of bids is set to zero. There must be at least 10 items in the auction.

Task 2 – Buyer bids.

A buyer should be able to find an item and view the item number, description and the current highest
bid. A buyer can then enter their buyer number and bid, which must be higher than any previously
recorded bids. Every time a new bid is recorded the number of bids for that item is increased by one.
Buyers can bid for an item many times and they can bid for many items.

Task 3 – At the end of the auction.

Using the results from TASK 2, identify items that have reached their reserve price, mark them as
sold, calculate 10% of the final bid as the auction company fee and add this to the total fee for all
sold items. Display this total fee. Display the item number and final bid for all the items with bids that
have not reached their reserve price. Display the item number of any items that have received no
bids. Display the number of items sold, the number of items that did not meet the reserve price and
the number of items with no bids.

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19

1 (a) All variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.

Describe the data structures you have used in Task 1 to record the items for sale. Include
some sample data for each data structure you have described.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [5]

(b) Explain how your program for Task 1 ensures the item number is unique.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19 [Turn over

(c) Write an algorithm for the part of Task 2 that allows the buyer to add a new bid, using
either pseudocode, programming statements or a flowchart. Assume that Task 1 has been
completed and that the item details have already been found.

...................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [5]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19 [Turn over

(d) Explain how your program for Task 2 checks that a new bid is higher than previous bids for
an item.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19

(e) Explain how your program identifies the items that have reached their reserve price, then
calculates and displays the total auction company fee for all sold items as part of Task 3. Any
programming statements used in your answer must be fully explained.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [5]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19 [Turn over

Section B

2 (a) An algorithm has been written in pseudocode to input 100 numbers, select and print the
largest number and smallest number.

Count 1
INPUT Number
High Number
Low Count
REPEAT
INPUT Number
IF Number > High
THEN
High Number
ENDIF
IF Number > Low
THEN
Low Number
ENDIF
Count Count + 1
UNTIL Count > 99
PRINT "Largest Number is ", Number
PRINT "Smallest Number is ", Low

Find the four errors in the pseudocode and suggest a correction for each error.

Error 1 ........................................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Error 2 ........................................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Error 3 ........................................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Error 4 ........................................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19

(b) Show how you would change the corrected algorithm to total the numbers and print the total.
Use a variable Total.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19 [Turn over

3 This flowchart inputs the marks gained in an examination. An input of –1 ends the routine.

START

Total 0
Count 0
Distinction 0

INPUT Mark

Is Mark = –1 ? Yes
Total Total + Mark
Count Count + 1

No Is OUTPUT "Number of
Mark >= Distinctions ", Distinction
80 ? OUTPUT "Average Mark "
Total/Count
Yes

Distinction Distinction + 1 END

Complete the trace table for the mark input data: 50, 70, 65, 30, 95, 50, 55, 85, 65, 35, –1, 45

Total Count Distinction Mark OUTPUT

[4]
© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19
11

4 For each of the four groups of statements in the table, place a tick in the correct column to show
whether it is an example of Selection or Repetition.

Statements Selection Repetition

FOR A 1 TO 100
B B + 1
NEXT A
CASE A OF
100: B A
200: C A
ENDCASE
IF A > 100
THEN
B A
ENDIF
REPEAT
A B * 10
UNTIL A > 100
[4]

5 Explain what is meant by validation and verification.

Give an example for each one.

Validation ..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Example ...........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Verification ........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Example ...........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
[6]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19 [Turn over

6 A database table, FLIGHT, is used to keep a record of flights from a small airfield. Planes can
carry passengers, freight or both. Some flights are marked as private and only carry passengers.

Flight number Plane Notes Departure time Passengers

FN101 Caravan 1 Private passenger flight 08:00 Y
CN101 Caravan 2 Freight only 08:30 N
CN102 Piper 1 Freight only 09:00 N
FN104 Piper 2 Passengers only 09:20 Y
FN105 Piper 1 Freight and passengers 10:00 Y
FN106 Caravan 1 Passengers only 10:30 Y
CN108 Caravan 2 Freight only 08:00 N
CN110 Lear Private passenger flight 08:00 Y

(a) State the field that could have a Boolean data type.

Field .................................................................................................................................... [1]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19

(b) A query-by-example has been written to display just the flight numbers of all planes leaving
after 10:00 that only carry passengers.

Field: Flight number Passengers Departure time

Table: FLIGHT FLIGHT FLIGHT
Sort:

Show: 3

Criteria: =Y = 10:00
or:

Explain why the query-by-example is incorrect, and write a correct query-by-example.

Explanation ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Field:
Table:
Sort:

Show:

Criteria:
or:
[7]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19

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© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19

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© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19

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© UCLES 2019 0478/22/M/J/19

Cambridge Assessment International Education
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/22

Paper 2 May/June 2019
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 50

Published

Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for
Teachers.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

This syllabus is regulated for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 9 printed pages.

© UCLES 2019 [Turn over

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Generic Marking Principles

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed
instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should
not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.

© UCLES 2019 Page 2 of 9

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

Section A

1(a) 4 marks for: 5

Data Structure(s) max 2
• Arrays
• Variable(s) for // data entry such as reserve price // index / constant
for minimum number of items
Further description max 3
• Data type(s) one or more
• Use(s) one or more
• Name(s) one or more e.g. Item_Number, NumberBids,
Description, Reserve Price
• Sample data for appropriate arrays e.g. 1234, 0, vase, 20.00 //
Sample data for variable or constant e.g. 10
1 mark for:
• At least four appropriate named arrays with sample data

1(b) • Keep a counter/number 2

• Add one every time a new item is added
or
• Keep a list of numbers used
• Using a loop check number is not already in the list before a new
item number is added

© UCLES 2019 Page 3 of 9

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

1(c) Five from: 5

MP1 Enter Buyer Number
MP2 Check if buyer number valid
MP3 Enter new bid
MP4 Check if new bid less than or equal to current highest bid
MP5 if so reject
MP6 Otherwise store the bid entered as new highest bid
MP7 Increase number of bids by one
MP8 Store Buyer Number

Sample answer

REPEAT
PRINT "Enter Buyer Number"
INPUT BuyerNumber
UNTIL BuyerNumber >= BuyerLow and BuyerNumber <=
BuyerHigh
REPEAT
PRINT "Enter Bid -99 to exit"
INPUT Bid
IF Bid > HighestBid(item)
THEN
HighestBid(item) ← Bid
NumberBids(item) ← NumberBids(item) + 1
ENDIF
UNTIL Bid > HighestBid(item) OR Bid = -99
IF Bid <> -99
THEN
BuyerItem(item) ← BuyerNumber
ENDIF

There are many possible correct answers, this is an example only.

1(d) Three from: 3

MP1 Using index number of item, to find if any bids for item exist
MP2 Using IF/UNTIL/WHILE (statement) to compare new bid with
highest/latest bid recorded
MP3 Use an assignment (statement) to replace current highest bid, if
new bid greater than current highest bid
MP4 else reject bid // using a (REPEAT/WHILE) loop ask for bid to be
re-entered
MP5 If number of bids / highest bid = zero add bid (provided greater than
zero)

© UCLES 2019 Page 4 of 9

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

1(e) Explanation of how the candidate’s program performed the following. 5

Five from:
MP1 Method to search item arrays
MP2 Conditional statement used to check for the successful bids
MP3 equal to / greater than reserve price
MP4 Method used to calculate 10% percent of successful bid (for each
item)
MP5 and add to auction company total fee
MP6 Method used to display total fee with a suitable message

All programming statements used must be explained.

© UCLES 2019 Page 5 of 9

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

Section B

2(a) 1 mark for each error identified + suggested correction 4

• Low ← Count should be Low ← Number
• Number > Low should be Number < Low
• UNTIL Count = 99 should be UNTIL Count > 99 or UNTIL
Count = 100 or UNTIL Count >= 100 // Count ← 1
should be Count ← 0
• PRINT "Largest Number is ", Number should be PRINT
"Largest Number is ", High

2(b) MP1 Add Total ← 0 // Total ← Number 4

MP2 Add Total ← Total + Number
MP3 Add PRINT "Total is ", Total
MP4 All positioning explained / seen

Count ← 1
INPUT Number
High ← Number
Low ← Number
Total ← Number
REPEAT
INPUT Number
Total ← Total + Number
IF Number > High
THEN
High ← Number
ENDIF
IF Number < Low
THEN
Low ← Number
ENDIF
Count ← Count + 1
UNTIL Count > 99
PRINT "Largest Number is ", High
PRINT "Smallest Number is ", Low
PRINT "Total is ", Total

© UCLES 2019 Page 6 of 9

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

3 4
Total Count Distinction Mark OUTPUT

0 0 0 50

50 1 0 70

120 2 0 65

185 3 0 30

215 4 0 95

310 5 1 50

360 6 1 55

415 7 1 85

500 8 2 65

565 9 2 35

600 10 –1 Number of
Distinctions 2

Average Mark 60
1 mark for Total and Count columns both correct.
1 mark for each correct column apart from Total and Count.
If no marks awarded allow 1 mark for initialisation of Total, Count and
Distinction, set to zero.

© UCLES 2019 Page 7 of 9

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

4 4
Statements Selection Repetition

FOR A ← 1 TO 100
B ← B + 1 9
NEXT A

CASE A OF
100: B ← A
9
200: C ← A
ENDCASE

IF A > 100
THEN
9
B ← A
ENDIF

REPEAT
A ← B * 10 9
UNTIL A > 100

1 mark for each correct row

Question Answer Marks

5 Validation 6
Two from:
• automated checking
• checking that data is reasonable / of a certain type
• checking that data meets certain criteria

Example 1 mark
• range check // length check // type check // check digit etc.

Verification
Two from:
• checking that data has not changed
• during input to a computer
• during transfer between computers / devices

Example 1 mark
• double entry // checking against original // visual check // use of
checksum etc.

© UCLES 2019 Page 8 of 9

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

6(a) Passengers 1

6(b) Explanation 7
Three from:
• Flight number not displayed
• Passengers displayed when should not be
• Departure time = not >
• "Freight and passengers" flight not excluded

Revised QBE – answers shown are examples only

1 mark per bullet
• correct field and table names (either 3 or 4 columns) must include
Notes, Flight number and Departure time
• correct show
• correct time criteria for the candidate’s QBE grid
• use of criteria to select planes with passengers only

Field: Flight number Passengers Departure time Notes

Table: FLIGHT FLIGHT FLIGHT FLIGHT

Sort:

Show: ;
=Y >10:00 <> "Freight and
Criteria:
passengers"

or:
OR
Field: Flight number Departure time Notes

Table: FLIGHT FLIGHT FLIGHT

Sort:

Show: ;
Criteria: >10:00 = "Passengers only"

>10:00 ="Private passenger

or:
flight"

© UCLES 2019 Page 9 of 9

Cambridge Assessment International Education
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education
* 6 8 8 5 1 6 3 7 0 1 *

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/23

Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming May/June 2019
1 hour 45 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.
No calculators allowed.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Answer all questions.

DO NOT ATTEMPT TASKS 1, 2 AND 3 in the pre-release material; these are for information only.

You are advised to spend no more than 40 minutes on Section A (Question 1).

No marks will be awarded for using brand names of software packages or hardware.

Any businesses described in this paper are entirely fictitious.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

The maximum number of marks is 50.

This syllabus is regulated for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 15 printed pages and 1 blank page.

DC (ST/ST) 162394/4
© UCLES 2019 [Turn over
2

Section A

You are advised to spend no longer than 40 minutes answering this section.

Here is a copy of the pre-release material.

DO NOT attempt Tasks 1, 2 and 3 now.

Use the pre-release material and your experience from attempting the tasks before the examination to
answer Question 1.

Pre-release Material

A discount stationery store sells items in bulk at a discount to its customers. Customers can order from
a small range of items available on that day. The greater the quantity of an item they buy in one order,
the greater the discount for that item.

Quantity of an item Discount

10 5%
20 10%
50 25%
100 35%
500 50%

In addition to this, new customers can use a $10 voucher, provided their order comes to more than
$50. Also, returning customers are given a discount voucher with a monetary value.

Write and test a program or programs for the discount stationery store.

You will need to complete these three tasks. Each task must be fully tested.

Task 1 – Stationery available on the day.

Using arrays, set up a list of at least 10 different items available that day. For every item include: item
code, description, price and the amount in stock. All item codes must be different. Display the item
code, description, price and the amount in stock on the screen.

Task 2 – Customer places an order.

The customer chooses an item code from the list of currently available items. Any items that are out of
stock are not displayed and any items that have low stock of 10 or fewer are highlighted. The customer
enters the number they wish to purchase. If there are not enough items in stock the number is rejected.
The price to pay and any discount is shown on the screen. When the order is complete, any customer
discount voucher is applied and the total price is shown. If the customer confirms the order, the stock
numbers are then updated.

Task 3 – At the end of the day.

List the item codes of any items that have sold out. Display the item code of any items of which none
have been sold. Display the item code and description of the item of which the greatest quantity have
been sold today.
© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19
3

1 (a) All variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.

Describe the data structures you have used in Task 1 to record the items available that day.
Include some sample data for each data structure you have described.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [5]

(b) Explain how your program for Task 1 ensures all the item codes are different.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19 [Turn over

(d) Write an algorithm for Task 2 using either pseudocode, programming statements or a
flowchart. Assume that Task 1 has been completed and the list of items currently available
has already been displayed.

...................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [5]
© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19 [Turn over
6

(e) Explain how your program completes Task 3. Any programming statements used in your
answer must be fully explained.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [5]
© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19
7

Question 2 begins on page 8.

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19 [Turn over

Section B

2 (a) An algorithm has been written in pseudocode to input the weight of 500 items and reject any
that are over-weight or under-weight, then print the percentage rejected.
Count 1
Reject 0
Over 62
Under 58
REPEAT
INPUT ItemWeight
IF ItemWeight > Over AND ItemWeight < Under
THEN
Reject Reject - 1
ENDIF
Count Count + 1
UNTIL Count > = 500
Reject Reject / 100
PRINT "Percentage rejected is ", Reject

Find the four errors in the pseudocode and suggest a correction for each error.

Error 1 .......................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Error 2 .......................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Error 3 .......................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Error 4 .......................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19

(b) Describe how you would change the corrected algorithm to calculate the number accepted
instead of rejected, using a variable Accept, and print a warning if fewer than 50% are
accepted.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19 [Turn over

3 This flowchart inputs the tread depth of five tyres, four on the car and a spare tyre. Any tread
depth of 1.6 mm or less is rejected. To be potentially roadworthy, a car must have four tyres with a
tread depth greater than 1.6 mm.

START

TreadReject 0
Count 1

Is Yes
Count = 6?

Count Count + 1 No
Is No
INPUT Depth TreadReject
<= 1?

Yes OUTPUT "Car is

not roadworthy"

No Is
Depth <=
1.6?

Yes

TreadReject TreadReject + 1

OUTPUT "Car is
potentially
roadworthy"

END

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19

Complete Trace table 1 for the tread depth input data:

1.7, 1.9, 1.4, 1.8, 2.0

TreadReject Count Depth OUTPUT

Trace table 1

Complete Trace table 2 for the tread depth input data:

1.2, 1.9, 1.4, 1.8, 2.4

TreadReject Count Depth OUTPUT

Trace table 2
[4]

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19 [Turn over

4 For each of the four checks in the table, place a tick in the correct column to show whether it is an
example of a validation or verification check.

Statements Validation Verification

Range check
Double entry
Check digit
Presence check
[4]

5 Identify and describe three loop structures that are available in pseudocode.

Loop structure 1 ...............................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Description .......................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Loop structure 2 ...............................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Description .......................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Loop structure 3 ...............................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Description .......................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
[6]

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19

Question 6 begins on page 14.

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19 [Turn over

6 A database table, TRAIN, is used to keep a record of train departures from a station.

Train Number Platform Destination Departure Time Status

1A37 1 Newtown 08:00 On time
2X19 2 Anytown 08:10 Late
1A29 1 Bigcity 08:15 On time
1A28 2 Anytown 08:30 Cancelled
1A67 3 Gardenvillage 08:45 On time
1A37 1 Newtown 08:50 On time
1A24 2 Charter Train 09:00 Late
1A67 3 Gardenvillage 09:15 On time

(a) Explain why the field Train Number could not be used as a primary key.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19

(b) A query-by-example has been written to display only the train numbers and platforms of all
trains leaving after 08:30 that are late.

Field: Train Number Platform Departure Time Status

Table: TRAIN TRAIN TRAIN TRAIN
Sort:
Show: 3
Criteria: =Y < 08:30
or: = "Late"

Explain why the query-by-example is incorrect, and write a correct query-by-example.

Explanation ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Field:
Table:
Sort:
Show:
Criteria:
or:
[7]

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/M/J/19

Cambridge Assessment International Education
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/23

Paper 2 May/June 2019
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 50

Published

Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for
Teachers.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

This syllabus is regulated for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 8 printed pages.

© UCLES 2019 [Turn over

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Generic Marking Principles

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed
instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should
not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.

© UCLES 2019 Page 2 of 8

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

Section A

1(a) 4 marks for: 5

Data Structure(s) max 2
• Arrays
• Variable(s) for // data entry such as Item Code // index / constant
for minimum number of items
Further description max 3
• Data type(s) one or more
• Use(s) one or more
• Name(s) one or more e.g. Item_Code, Description, Price,
Stock
• Sample data for appropriate arrays e.g. 1234, Notepad, 0.050,
1000 // Sample data for variable or constant e.g. 10

1 mark for:
• All four names and suitable data samples

1(b) • Keep a counter/number 2

• Add one every time a new item code is added
or
• Keep a list of item codes used
• Using a loop check item codes is not already in the list before a
new item code is added

1(c) • Check items in stock array 3

• with a value of 10 or less
• Display these values in a different way e.g. in red

© UCLES 2019 Page 3 of 8

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

1(d) Five from: 5

MP1 Enter the item code
MP2 and check if valid
MP3 Enter number to purchase and check if less than or equal to number
in stock for that item number
MP4 Display error message(s) if needed
MP5 Calculate price to pay
MP6 Using the number to purchase calculate discount
MP7 Check for new customer AND $50 spend/returning customer
eligibility
MP8 application of discount(s) if available
MP9 Check order confirmed
MP10 update appropriate stock level

Sample answer
REPEAT
PRINT "Enter Item Code"
INPUT ItemCode
Found ← False
Count ← 1
REPEAT
IF ItemCode = ItemList(Count} THEN Found ← True
ENDIF
Count ← Count + 1
UNTIL Found OR Count = NoItems
UNTIL Found
REPEAT
PRINT "Enter Number to purchase"
INPUT Number
UNTIL Number > 0 and Number <= Stock(ItemCode)
PriceToPay ← Number * Price (ItemCode)
IF Number >= 10 AND Number < 20 THEN PriceToPay ←
PriceToPay * 0.95 ENDIF
IF Number >= 20 AND Number < 50 THEN PriceToPay ←
PriceToPay * 0.9 ENDIF
IF Number >= 50 AND Number < 100 THEN PriceToPay ←
PriceToPay * 0.75 ENDIF
IF Number >= 100 AND Number < 500 THEN PriceToPay ←
PriceToPay * 0.65 ENDIF
IF Number >= 500 THEN PriceToPay ← PriceToPay * 0.5
ENDIF
PRINT "Enter Value of discount voucher, 0 if no voucher"
INPUT Voucher
PriceToPay ← PriceToPay – Voucher
PRINT "Price to pay is ", PriceToPay
PRINT "Order confirmed? Y/N"
INPUT Confirm
IF Confirm = "Y" THEN Stock(ItemCode) ← Stock(ItemCode)
– Number ENDIF

© UCLES 2019 Page 4 of 8

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

1(e) Explanation 5

Five from:
MP1 Search item arrays
MP2 For stock level = 0
MP3 list these as sold out
MP4 Check stock level at end of day with original stock level//search
items sold arrays
MP5 if the same, display/store item code as not sold//if 0,
display/store item code as not sold
MP6 update largest value if greater than existing greatest value
//use max function on items sold array //other method to find
highest number sold
MP7 display this item number with a suitable message

All programming statements used must be explained.

© UCLES 2019 Page 5 of 8

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

Section B

2(a) 1 mark for each error identified + suggested correction 4

Count ← 1 should be Count ← 0 or Count >= 500 should be

Count > 500
AND should be OR
Reject ← Reject – 1 should be Reject ← Reject + 1
Reject ← Reject/100 should be Reject ← Reject/5 or Reject
* 100 / 500

2(b) MP1 Add Accept ← 0 at start 4

MP2 Add ELSE Accept ← Accept + 1 after THEN AND Over and
Under defined/position described
OR
Add Accept ← Accept + 1 after THEN AND Replace IF
statement with …<= Over AND …>= UNDER /position described
MP3 Add Accept ← Accept/5 after UNTIL AND correct loop/position
described
MP4 ADD IF Accept < 50 THEN PRINT "Less than 50%
accepted" at end
Accept ← 0
Count ← 1 // 0
Reject ← 0
Over ← 62
Under ← 58
REPEAT
INPUT ItemWeight
IF ItemWeight > Over OR ItemWeight < Under // IF
ItemWeight <= Over AND
ItemWeight >= Under
THEN
Reject ← Reject + 1
ELSE
Accept ← Accept + 1//ELSE not required
ENDIF
Count ← Count + 1
UNTIL Count > 500 // >= 500
Accept ← Accept / 5

IF Accept < 50
THEN
PRINT "Less than 50% accepted"
ENDIF

© UCLES 2019 Page 6 of 8

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

3 4
TreadReject Count Depth OUTPUT

0 1

2 1.7

3 1.9

1 4 1.4

5 1.8

6 2.0

Car is potentially roadworthy

TreadReject Count Depth OUTPUT

0 1

1 2 1.2

3 1.9

2 4 1.4

5 1.8

6 2.4

Car is not roadworthy

1 mark for each correct pairs of columns.

© UCLES 2019 Page 7 of 8

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2019
PUBLISHED

Question Answer Marks

4 4
Statements Validation Verification

Range check 9

Double entry 9

Check digit 9

Presence check 9

1 mark for each correct row

Question Answer Marks

5 • FOR … TO … NEXT 6
• fixed number of repetitions

• REPEAT … UNTIL
• always executed // condition tested at end

• WHILE … DO … ENDWHILE
• may not be executed // condition tested at beginning

Question Answer Marks

6(a) Number is repeated/not unique 1

6(b) Three from: 7

Train number not displayed
Departure time before 8:30
Criteria of =Y for Platform not required/incorrect
All late trains will be shown/the condition should be on the line above

4 marks, one mark for each correct column

Field: Train Number Platform Departure Time Status

Table: TRAIN TRAIN TRAIN TRAIN

Sort:

Show: ; ;
Criteria: > 08:30 = "Late"

or:

© UCLES 2019 Page 8 of 8

Cambridge Assessment International Education
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education
* 8 6 4 9 8 3 8 3 6 1 *

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/21

Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming October/November 2019
1 hour 45 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.
No calculators allowed.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Answer all questions.

DO NOT ATTEMPT TASKS 1, 2 AND 3 in the pre-release material; these are for information only.

You are advised to spend no more than 40 minutes on Section A (Question 1).

No marks will be awarded for using brand names of software packages or hardware.

Any businesses described in this paper are entirely fictitious.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

The maximum number of marks is 50.

This syllabus is regulated for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 11 printed pages and 1 blank page.

DC (NH) 162395/3
© UCLES 2019 [Turn over
2

Section A

You are advised to spend no longer than 40 minutes answering this section.

Here is a copy of the pre-release material.

DO NOT attempt Tasks 1, 2 and 3 now.

Use the pre-release material and your experience from attempting the tasks before the examination to
answer Question 1.

Pre-release material

You have been asked to write a program to calculate the area of a patio and the cost of the stone slabs
needed to cover it. The program should work for any patio that can be represented as a rectangle, or
group of rectangles that are joined together, and only one type of stone slab may be used.

Type of stone slab Price per square metre

Dover $30.00

Exeter $35.00

London $42.00

Portland $49.50

Shaftesbury $55.00

York $62.75

Write and test a program or programs to calculate the cost of the stone slabs for a patio.

You will need to complete these three tasks. Each task must be fully tested.

Task 1 – Setting up the system for a simple rectangular patio.

Set up your program to:
• Store the type and price per square metre of the stone slabs using a suitable programming technique.
• Prompt and allow the user to input the length and width of their patio and the type of stone slab they
would like.
• Calculate and display the number of square metres of stone slabs required, rounded up to the next
whole square metre, and the total cost of the stone slabs.

Task 2 – Working on more complex shapes.

Assuming that a patio can be made up of a group of rectangles, extend your program to:
• Enter the number of rectangles making up the patio and the type of stone slab to be used.
• Allow the dimensions for each rectangle to be entered.
• Calculate and display the total area of the patio rounded up to the next whole square metre.
• Calculate and display the total cost of the stone slabs.

Task 3 – Allowing for waste.

It is likely that some of the stone will not be useable, so it is sensible to allow a percentage for wastage,
for example, 10%. Alter your program to allow the user to input a percentage to calculate wastage and
add this to the number of square metres of stone slabs to be purchased, rounded up to the next whole
square metre. Display the revised total area and cost.
© UCLES 2019 0478/21/O/N/19
3

1 (a) All variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.

Name two variables that you could have used for Task 1. State the data type and purpose of
each variable.

Variable 1 name ........................................................................................................................

Data type ..................................................................................................................................

Purpose ....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Variable 2 name ........................................................................................................................

Data type ..................................................................................................................................

Purpose ....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[6]

(b) Describe how arrays could be used to store the data about the types and price per square
metre of the stone slabs for Task 1.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/O/N/19 [Turn over

(c) Write an algorithm to complete Task 2, using either pseudocode, programming statements
or a flowchart. Assume Task 1 has been completed.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
© UCLES 2019 0478/21/O/N/19
5

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[5]
© UCLES 2019 0478/21/O/N/19 [Turn over
6

(d) Explain how your program completes Task 3. Any programming statements you use in your
answer must be fully explained.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]
© UCLES 2019 0478/21/O/N/19
7

(e) Name two validation checks that could be used when entering patio dimensions in Task 1 or
Task 2 and describe their purpose.

Validation check 1 .....................................................................................................................

Purpose ....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Validation check 2 .....................................................................................................................

Purpose ....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/O/N/19 [Turn over

Section B

2 For each of the four descriptions in the table, place a tick in the correct column to show whether it
describes a Structure diagram, a Flowchart or Library routines.

Structure Library
Description diagram Flowchart routines
A modelling tool used to show the hierarchy of a
system.
A collection of standard programs available for
immediate use.
A graphical representation used to represent an
algorithm.
A graphical representation to show how a system is
broken into sub-systems.
[4]

3 Examine the following pseudocode:

INPUT A
INPUT B
INPUT C
INPUT D
INPUT E
INPUT F
INPUT G
INPUT H
INPUT I
INPUT J
INPUT K
INPUT L
T A + B + C + D + E + F + G + H + I + J + K + L
OUTPUT "The average equals ", T / 12

(a) Describe what happens in this pseudocode.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/O/N/19

(b) Describe how this pseudocode could be altered to allow any number of values to be input.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[5]

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/O/N/19 [Turn over

4 (a) Complete the trace table for this algorithm using the given input data.

Index 0
FOR Count 0 TO 7
INPUT Value
IF Value > 50
THEN
PassMarks[Index] Value
Index Index + 1
ENDIF
NEXT Count
PRINT "Number passed ", Index

Input data: 58, 40, 67, 85, 12, 13, 75, 82

PassMarks
OUTPUT
Index Count Value [0] [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

[6]

(b) Give the purpose of the algorithm shown in part (a).

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/O/N/19

5 A car manufacturer makes a range of car models named Pegasus, Apollo and Cupid. It keeps a
database to store the records of its range and the different options for each car model. Within the
table CAR_RANGE, the following data needs to be stored:

1. Car model
2. Body style – saloon, hatchback or estate
3. How many doors it has
4. Whether it uses petrol, diesel or batteries as fuel
5. An identifier for a specific car.

(a) Complete the table to show suitable field names and an example of appropriate data for each
field in the database table CAR_RANGE.

Field name Example of data

[3]

(b) State which of your fields would be most appropriate for a primary key and give a reason for
your choice.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) Complete the query-by-example grid to provide a list of car models using petrol and the
number of doors these cars have, in alphabetical order of car model. Display only the car
models and the number of doors.

Field:
Table:
Sort:
Show:
Criteria:
or:
[3]

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/O/N/19

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2019 0478/21/O/N/19

Cambridge Assessment International Education
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/21

Paper 2 October/November 2019
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 50

Published

Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for
Teachers.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2019 series for most
Cambridge IGCSE™, Cambridge International A and AS Level components and some Cambridge O Level
components.

This syllabus is regulated for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 8 printed pages.

© UCLES 2019 [Turn over

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Generic Marking Principles

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed
instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should
not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.

© UCLES 2019 Page 2 of 8

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

1(a) Two examples of: 6

Any meaningful name for a variable related to Task 1 – one mark
Correct data type related to Task 1 – one mark
Correct purpose related to Task 1 – one mark
e.g.

• Length // Width
• « real
• « to store the length // width of the patio

• StoneType
• « string
• « to store the type of stone slab chosen by the user

• PatioArea
• « integer
• « to store the area of stone needed for the patio

Note: variable names should not contain spaces or punctuation marks

1(b) Two from: 2

• Use of two one-dimensional arrays «
• « with matching indexes
• « each with a specific data types, e.g. string for stone and real for price
• Size of array / number of elements / length of each array is 6
• Meaningful array names, e.g. Stone and Price

© UCLES 2019 Page 3 of 8

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

1(c) Five from: 5

MP1 Prompt and input for number of rectangles making up the patio «
MP2 « and the type of stone to be used
MP3 Loop to input dimensions for rectangles
MP4 Prompt and input for dimensions for each rectangle inside loop
MP5 Calculation of area of a rectangle
MP6 Running total of area of patio
MP7 Looking up the cost of the stone
MP8 Calculation of cost of stone «
MP9 «rounded up to the nearest square metre
MP10 Output of cost of patio with annotation
Example
TotalCost ← 0
OUTPUT "Please enter type of stone needed"
INPUT StoneType
OUTPUT "Please enter the number of rectangles needed"
INPUT NumberRectangle
FOR Counter ← 1 TO NumberRectangle
OUTPUT "Please enter the length"
INPUT Length
OUTPUT "Please enter the Width"
INPUT Width
TotalCost ← TotalCost + CostFromTask1(Length, Width,
StoneType)
// use Task 1 to calculate cost
NEXT Counter
OUTPUT ("Total Cost of Patio " TotalCost

1(d) Three from: 3

• Explanation of user input to name the percentage value to be used
• Explanation of the calculation to add this percentage to the already
calculated quantity of stone required
• Explanation of rounding this value up
• Explanation of the calculation of the new cost
• Explanation of the output that will include annotation, quantity of stone to the
nearest square metre and cost of stone

If only program statements given with no explanation, zero marks.

© UCLES 2019 Page 4 of 8

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

1(e) Two examples of: 4

One mark for each correct validation check related to patio dimensions in Task 1
or Task 2 and one mark for an appropriate related purpose
e.g.

• Range check // Limit check

• « to make sure the dimension is entered is greater than zero and less than
the maximum size

• Type check
• « to make sure any dimension entered is a number

• Presence check
• « to make sure a length/width has been entered for the area of the patio

Question Answer Marks

2 One mark for each correct row 4

Structure Library
Description diagram Flowchart routines

A modelling tool used to show the

9
hierarchy of a system

A collection of standard programs

9
available for immediate use

A graphical representation used to

9
represent an algorithm

A graphical representation to show how

9
a system is broken into sub-systems

© UCLES 2019 Page 5 of 8

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

3(a) • Inputs a series of values 3

• Finds the total
• Prints out the average

3(b) Three from: 3

• Use of loop structure
• Allow input to define the limit of the loop / use sentinel value
• Keeping a count of the number of values
• It could use a totalling process to keep a running total

3(c) Marks awarded as follows (maximum five marks): 5

• Initialise Total
• Enter limit
• Suitable loop structure
• Correct input
• Correct totalling
• Correct output
e.g.

Total ← 0
INPUT CounterLimit
FOR LoopCounter ← 1 To CounterLimit
INPUT Number
Total ← Total + Number
NEXT LoopCounter
OUTPUT ″The average equals ″, Total / CounterLimit

© UCLES 2019 Page 6 of 8

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

4(a) Index Count Value PassMarks 6

OUTPUT

[0] [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

0 0 58 58

1 1 40

1 2 67 67

2 3 85 85

3 4 12

3 5 13

3 6 75 75

4 7 82 82

5 Number
passed 5

1 1 1 1 1 1
mark mark mark mark mark mark

4(b) One from: 1

• Stores numbers greater than 50 in an array
• Outputs number of times pass mark has been met
• Find the number of pass marks

© UCLES 2019 Page 7 of 8

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

5(a) 3
Field name Example of data

CarID ID07

Model Pegasus // Apollo // Cupid

BodyStyle estate //saloon // hatchback

Doors 1 // 2 // 3 // 4 // 5

FuelType batteries // petrol // diesel

One mark – 1 or 2 suitable names and corresponding examples of data // 5

suitable field names but all data incorrect
Two marks – 3 or 4 suitable names and corresponding examples of data
Three marks – 5 suitable names and corresponding examples of data
Notes: CarID can be anything that could be used as a unique identifier. e.g.
Number Plate
Number of doors can be any number of sensible doors for a car – 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
Other data must come from the given text. Allow codes for model and body style.

5(b) • CarID 2
• Which contains unique values to identify each record

5(c) 3
Field: Model FuelType Doors

Table: CAR_RANGE CAR_RANGE CAR_RANGE

Sort: Ascending

Show: ; ;
Criteria: ="Petrol"

or:

1 mark for each completely correct column (maximum three marks)

© UCLES 2019 Page 8 of 8

Cambridge Assessment International Education
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education
* 1 9 5 1 2 3 8 0 2 2 *

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/22

Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming October/November 2019
1 hour 45 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.
No calculators allowed.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Answer all questions.

DO NOT ATTEMPT TASKS 1, 2 AND 3 in the pre-release material; these are for information only.

You are advised to spend no more than 40 minutes on Section A (Question 1).

No marks will be awarded for using brand names of software packages or hardware.

Any businesses described in this paper are entirely fictitious.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

The maximum number of marks is 50.

This syllabus is regulated for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 13 printed pages and 3 blank pages.

DC (ST/CT) 162455/3
© UCLES 2019 [Turn over
2

Section A

You are advised to spend no longer than 40 minutes answering this section.

Here is a copy of the pre-release material.

DO NOT attempt Tasks 1, 2 and 3 now.

Use the pre-release material and your experience from attempting the tasks before the examination to
answer Question 1.

Pre-release material

A company supplies concrete slabs for paving. The slabs are made to order in batches of 20;
all slabs in a batch are identical. Customers can order from a small range of standard sizes and
colours. All measurements are given in millimetres. The price is calculated at $0.05 for a volume of
100 000 mm3 of grey concrete; red and green concrete are charged at 10% more. Customers can
choose their own colours; a custom colour has an initial set up cost of $5 then 15% more than the
price for grey.

Colour of Depth of
Shapes Sizes for each shape
slab slab
Grey 38 Square 600 × 600 or 450 × 450
Red 45 Rectangular 600 × 700 or 600 × 450
Green Round Diameter 300 or 450
Custom

Write and test a program or programs for the concrete slab company.

You will need to complete these three tasks. Each task must be fully tested.

Task 1 – Price for a batch of 20 slabs

Using the information above set up a routine that allows a customer to choose the concrete slab
they require and calculate a price for a batch of 20 slabs. The details of the slab chosen and the
price for a batch of 20 should be displayed on the screen.

Task 2 – Customer places an order

Using the information from TASK 1, the customer places an order for the number of slabs they
require. Orders for fewer than 20 slabs or more than 100 slabs are not accepted; orders that are
not a multiple of 20 are rounded up to the next multiple of 20 slabs. Display the order price and the
number of slabs to be produced.

Task 3 – Flexible pricing

The cost of concrete is variable. The cost for 100 000 mm3 of grey concrete can be input and two
grades are available; basic at the cost input and best at 7% more. Use a copy of your program for
TASK 1 to develop TASK 3 to input the cost and grade of concrete before calculating the price for
20 slabs.

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19

1 (a) All variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.

(i) Describe the data structures that you have used to store the data for the concrete slabs
in Task 1, include the name, data type and use for each data structure.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [5]

(ii) State one variable that you have used in Task 3.

Give the data type for the variable. State what it is used for.

Variable name ...................................................................................................................

Data type ...........................................................................................................................

Use ....................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[3]

(b) Explain how you calculated the volume of a concrete slab in Task 1.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19 [Turn over

(c) Write an algorithm for Task 2, using either pseudocode, programming statements or a
flowchart. Assume that Task 1 has been completed.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19
5

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [5]
© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19 [Turn over
6

(d) Explain how you changed your program for Task 1 to meet the requirements for Task 3.
Include and fully explain any altered or additional programming statements.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]
© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19
7

Section B

2 An algorithm has been written in pseudocode to select a random number using the function
RandInt(n), which returns a whole number between 1 and the argument n. The algorithm then
allows the user to guess the number.

Number RandInt(100)
TotalTry 1
REPEAT
PRINT "Enter your guess now, it must be a whole number"
INPUT Guess
IF TotalTry > Number
THEN
PRINT "Too large try again"
ENDIF
IF Guess > Number
THEN
PRINT "Too small try again"
ENDIF
TotalTry Guess + 1
UNTIL Guess <> Number
TotalTry TotalTry - 1
PRINT "Number of guesses ", TotalTry

Find the four errors in the pseudocode and suggest a correction to remove each error.

Error 1 ..............................................................................................................................................

Correction .........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Error 2 ..............................................................................................................................................

Correction .........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Error 3 ..............................................................................................................................................

Correction .........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Error 4 ..............................................................................................................................................

Correction .........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
[4]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19 [Turn over

3 (a) The flowchart checks the lengths of a batch of 10 ropes. For the batch to be accepted 90% of
the lengths need to be between 24.9 and 25.1 metres.

START

Reject 0
Count 0

Yes
Is Count =
10 ?
No
No
Count Count + 1 Is Reject
<= 1 ?
INPUT Length
Yes
OUTPUT "Batch
rejected"

Yes Is Length <

25.1 AND
Length > 24.9 ?

Reject Reject + 1

OUTPUT "Batch
accepted"

END

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19

Complete the trace table for the input data:

24.88, 25.01, 24.98, 25.00, 25.05, 24.99, 24.97, 25.04, 25.19, 25.07

Reject Count Length OUTPUT

[4]

(b) (i) It has been decided to only reject batches of rope that contain ropes that are too short.

State the change required to the algorithm.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Explain how the algorithm to reject batches could be improved to make it more effective.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19 [Turn over

4 Four validation checks and four descriptions are shown.

Draw a line to connect each validation check to the correct description.

Validation Check Description

Range check Checks that some data is entered.

Checks for a maximum number of characters

Presence check
in the data entered.

Checks that the characters entered are all

Length check
numbers.

Checks that the value entered is between an

Type check
upper value and a lower value.
[3]

5 A programmer writes a program to weigh baskets of fruit in grams, keeping a total of the weight
and counting the number of baskets. The total weight is stored in a variable Total and the number
of baskets is stored in a variable BasketCount.

Explain, including examples of programming statements, how totalling and counting could be used
in this program.

Totalling .............................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Counting ...........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
[4]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19

6 Explain why constants, variables and arrays are used in programming.

Constants .........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Variables ..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Arrays ...............................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
[6]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19 [Turn over

7 A database table, SALES, is used to keep a record of items made and sold by a furniture maker.

Item number Order number Notes Amount Status

CH001 1921 Smith – six dining chairs 6 Delivered
TB003 1921 Smith – large table 1 In progress
CH001 1924 Hue – extra chairs 4 In progress
CH003 1925 For stock 2 Cancelled
BN001 1927 Patel – replacement bench 1 Not started
ST002 1931 Sola – small table 1 Delivered
CH003 1927 Patel – eight dining chairs with arms 8 Not started
TB003 1927 Patel – large table 1 Not started

(a) Explain why the field Item number could not be used as a primary key.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19

(b) A query-by-example has been written to display only the order number and item numbers of
any items in progress or not started.

Field: Item number Order number Amount Status

Table: SALES SALES SALES SALES
Sort:
Show: 3 3
Criteria: Not Like "Delivered"
or:

Explain why the query-by-example is incorrect, and write a correct query-by-example.

Explanation ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Field:
Table:
Sort:
Show:
Criteria:
or:
[5]

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2019 0478/22/O/N/19

Cambridge Assessment International Education
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/22

Paper 2 October/November 2019
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 50

Published

Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for
Teachers.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

This syllabus is regulated for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 7 printed pages.

© UCLES 2019 [Turn over

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Generic Marking Principles

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed
instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should
not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.

© UCLES 2019 Page 2 of 7

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Section A

Question Answer Marks

1(a)(i) Data Structure(s) maximum two marks 5

• Array
• Variable
• Constant

Description maximum three marks

• Name(s) one or more e.g. Colour
• Data type(s) one or more e.g. String
• Use(s) one or more e.g. To store the colour of the slab

Additional data structure description using the same data structure type
maximum one mark
• Two or more full descriptions of the data structure including name, data type
and use

1(a)(ii) • Variable name e.g. ConcretePrice 3

• Data type e.g. Real
• Use e.g. To store the price of the grade of concrete

1(b) Three from: 3

• Using the shape, size and depth «
• « the area of the shape is found «
• « for all except round multiply length by breadth/show example «
• « for round multiply Pi by half the diameter/radius squared «
• « multiply the area by the depth to give the volume

© UCLES 2019 Page 3 of 7

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

1(c) Five from: 5

MP1 Enter number of slabs to purchase with prompt
MP2 Check if less than 20 or greater than 100 «
MP3 « if so, reject the number and re-enter a value
MP4 Attempt to round the number of slabs to the next 20 «
MP5 Accurate attempt to round up to the next 20
MP6 Calculate the number of batches
MP7 Calculate price to pay (number of batches × price per batch from
Task 1)
MP8 Display price and number of slabs produced «
MP9 « Suitable output message(s)

Sample answer
REPEAT
PRINT "Enter Number of slabs to purchase"
INPUT Number
UNTIL Number >= 20 and Number <= 100
PurchaseNo Number
IF Number > 20 AND Number <= 40 THEN PurchaseNo 40 ENDIF
IF Number > 40 AND Number <= 60 THEN PurchaseNo 60 ENDIF
IF Number > 60 AND Number <= 80 THEN PurchaseNo 80 ENDIF
IF Number > 80 THEN PurchaseNo 100 ENDIF
BatchNo PurchaseNo / 20
PriceToPay BatchNo * BatchPrice //BatchPrice calculated
in Task 1
PRINT "Price for ", PurchaseNo, " Slabs is $", PriceToPay

1 (d) Four from explanations: 4

• Enter the price of the concrete
• Store the price of the concrete
• Set up variable(s) for grades
• Input the grade
• The price that is input is used in the final price calculation instead of 0.05
• The price calculation depends on the grade input e.g. 1.07 × price or
price + price × 0.07 for Best

If no programming code seen to support at least one explanation maximum of

three marks can be awarded.

© UCLES 2019 Page 4 of 7

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Section B

Question Answer Marks

2 One mark for each error identified and suggested correction: 4

• IF TotalTry > Number should be IF Guess > Number
• IF Guess > Number should be IF Guess < Number
• TotalTry ← Guess + 1 should be TotalTry ← TotalTry + 1
• UNTIL Guess <> Number should be UNTIL Guess = Number

Question Answer Marks

3(a) Reject Count Length 4

OUTPUT

0 0

0 1 24.88

1 2 25.01

1 3 24.98

1 4 25.00

1 5 25.05

1 6 24.99

1 7 24.97

1 8 25.04

1 9 25.19

2 10 25.07 Batch rejected

One mark for each correct column max. 4

3(b)(i) • Remove Length < 25.1 AND 1

3(b)(ii) Two from: 2

• Check the reject counter after each incrementation/remove reject check
after counter = 10 «
• « as soon as Reject = 2 / >1 ...
• « reject batch and end

© UCLES 2019 Page 5 of 7

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

4 3

One mark for each correct line, up to maximum of three marks.

Question Answer Marks

5 Totalling: 4
• Adding the weight of each basket to the total weight as each weight is
entered
• Total = Total + Weight

Counting:
• Adding one to/incrementing the number of baskets as each weight is
entered
• BasketCount = BasketCount + 1

© UCLES 2019 Page 6 of 7

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

6 Constants 6
Two from:
• The value cannot be changed accidentally «
• « during the execution of the program
• Value only needs to be changed once if circumstances change/during the
initialisation process

Variables
Two from:
• Stores a value that can change «
• « during the execution of the program
• Can use a variable without knowing its value

Arrays
Two from:
• A list of items of the same data type «
• « stored under a single name
• To reduce the number of variables used
• Any item can be found using an index number to show its place in the list

Question Answer Marks

7(a) • Number is repeated/not unique 1

7(b) • Item number not displayed/Amount column not required 5

• Not Like ‘Delivered’ will also show cancelled items

Field: Item number Order number Status

Table: SALES SALES SALES

Sort:

Show:
; ;
Criteria: Like "Not
started"

or: Like "In

progress"

• Correct Item number column

• Correct Order number column and any additional column not shown
• Correct status column

© UCLES 2019 Page 7 of 7

Cambridge Assessment International Education
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education
* 5 6 8 7 7 5 5 2 9 2 *

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/23

Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming October/November 2019
1 hour 45 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.
No calculators allowed.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Answer all questions.

DO NOT ATTEMPT TASKS 1, 2 AND 3 in the pre-release material; these are for information only.

You are advised to spend no more than 40 minutes on Section A (Question 1).

No marks will be awarded for using brand names of software packages or hardware.

Any businesses described in this paper are entirely fictitious.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

The maximum number of marks is 50.

This syllabus is regulated for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 12 printed pages.

DC (SC) 162458/3
© UCLES 2019 [Turn over
2

Section A

You are advised to spend no longer than 40 minutes answering this section.

Here is a copy of the pre-release material.

DO NOT attempt Tasks 1, 2 and 3 now.

Use the pre-release material and your experience from attempting the tasks before the examination to
answer Question 1.

Pre-release material

You have been asked to write a program to calculate the area of a wall and the cost of the tiles
needed to cover it. The program should work for any room with up to four walls being tiled. Tiles are
sold in boxes; each box covers one square metre.

Tile description Price per box

Small black granite $19.50
Small grey marble $25.95
Small powder blue $35.75
Medium sunset yellow $12.50
Medium berry red $11.00
Medium glitter purple $52.95
Large oak wood effect $65.00
Large black granite $58.98
Large bamboo effect $85.00
Extra-large white marble $62.75
Write and test a program or programs to calculate the area of the walls and the cost of tiles needed
to tile a room.

You will need to complete these three tasks. Each task must be fully tested.

Task 1 – Setting up and using the system for a single wall.

Set up your program to:
• Store the tile description, price per box and an identification code using a suitable programming
technique.
• Display the list of tiles including the identification code, description and price per box.
• Prompt the user to input the height and width of the wall, and the identification code of the tiles
they would like.
• Calculate and display the area of the wall, the number of boxes of tiles required (tiles are sold in
boxes of complete square metres) and the total cost of the tiles.

Task 2 – Adding additional walls.

Extend your program to:
• Enter the number of walls to be tiled and the identification code of the tiles to be used. Only one
identification code to be used for all walls.
• Enter the dimensions for each wall to be tiled.
• Calculate and display the total area of all walls, the number of boxes of tiles required (tiles are
sold in boxes of complete square metres) and the total cost of the tiles.

Task 3 – Allowing for waste.

It is likely that some of the tiles will not be useable so it is sensible to allow a percentage for wastage,
for example 10%. Alter your program to allow the user to input a percentage to calculate wastage
and add this to the total area to be tiled. Calculate and display the revised number of boxes of tiles
to be purchased (tiles are sold in boxes of complete square metres) and the total cost of the tiles.
© UCLES 2019 0478/23/O/N/19
3

1 (a) All variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.

Name two arrays you could use for Task 1. State the data type and purpose of each one.

Array 1 ......................................................................................................................................

Data type 1 ...............................................................................................................................

Purpose ....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Array 2 ......................................................................................................................................

Data type 2 ...............................................................................................................................

Purpose ....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]

(b) Name a variable that you used for Task 2. State the data type and purpose of this variable.
Explain why you chose to use a variable rather than a constant.

Variable .....................................................................................................................................

Data type ..................................................................................................................................

Purpose ....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Reason for use of a variable .....................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]

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(c) Write an algorithm for Task 1, using either pseudocode, programming statements or a
flowchart. Assume that the first part of Task 1, the storage and display of tile descriptions,
prices per box and identification codes has already been done.

...................................................................................................................................................

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...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [6]
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6

(d) Explain how you extended your program to complete Task 2. Any programming statements
you use in your answer must be fully explained.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]
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7

(e) Explain how you could validate the input for percentage waste allowance in Task 3.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

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Section B

2 Describe the use of a subroutine in a program.

..........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [2]

3 Name the three types of loop structure used in pseudocode.

..........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [3]

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/O/N/19

4 The following pseudocode algorithm uses nested IF statements.

IF Response = 1
THEN
X X + Y
ELSE
IF Response = 2
THEN
X X – Y
ELSE
IF Response = 3
THEN
X X * Y
ELSE
IF Response = 4
THEN
X X / Y
ELSE
OUTPUT "No response"
ENDIF
ENDIF
ENDIF
ENDIF

(a) Name the type of statement demonstrated by the use of IF … THEN … ELSE … ENDIF

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Re-write the pseudocode algorithm using a CASE statement.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]

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5 The algorithm performs an operation on the array named MyData

DIV means integer division, so only the whole number part of the result is returned
e.g. 7 DIV 2 returns a value of 3

First 0
Last 16
Found FALSE
INPUT UserIn
WHILE (First <= Last) AND (Found = FALSE) DO
Middle (First + Last) DIV 2
IF MyData[Middle] = UserIn
THEN
Found TRUE
ELSE
IF UserIn < MyData[Middle]
THEN
Last Middle - 1
ELSE
First Middle + 1
ENDIF
ENDIF
ENDWHILE
OUTPUT Found

This table shows the contents of the array: MyData e.g. MyData[2] stores the value 5

MyData
Index [0] [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16]
Value 2 3 5 6 8 10 12 13 14 16 18 20 25 27 29 34 36

(a) Complete the trace table for the input data: 10

First Last UserIn Middle Found OUTPUT

[6]

(b) Describe the function being performed by the algorithm.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]
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11

6 Draw four different flowchart symbols and describe how they are used in a program flowchart.

Flowchart symbol Description of use

[4]

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7 A teacher has decided to use a database table as her mark book for her Computer Science class,
which she has called MARKBOOK. For each student, the following data will be recorded: first
name, last name, their year 10 test score and their year 11 test score. The class has 32 students.

(a) State the number of fields and records required for this database.

Number of Fields ......................................................................................................................

Number of Records ..................................................................................................................

[2]

(b) The data in MARKBOOK is stored under category headings: LastName, FirstName,
Y10TestScore and Y11TestScore.

State, with a reason, whether any of these headings would be suitable as a primary key.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(c) Complete the query-by-example grid to only display the first name, last name and year 10
test score of each student who achieved 50 or more in their year 10 test. The output should
be in test score order with the highest marks at the top of the list.

Field:

Table:

Sort:

Show:
Criteria:

or:
[4]

© UCLES 2019 0478/23/O/N/19

Cambridge Assessment International Education
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/23

Paper 2 October/November 2019
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 50

Published

Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for
Teachers.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

This syllabus is regulated for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 1/Level 2 Certificate.

This document consists of 8 printed pages.

© UCLES 2019 [Turn over

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Generic Marking Principles

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed
instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should
not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.

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0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

1(a) Two examples of: 4

Any meaningful name for an array related to Task 1 – one mark, e.g.
• TileDescription
• TilePrice
• TileCode
Correct data type and purpose related to Task 1 – one mark, e.g.
• « string to store the name / description of the tiles
• « real to store the price of the tiles
• « string to store the tile codes

1(b) Any meaningful name for a variable related to Task 2 – one mark, e.g. 4
• NumberOfWalls
• TotalArea
• TotalCost

Relevant data type for the variable related to Task 2 – one mark, e.g.
• « Integer
• « Real

Relevant purpose for the variable related to Task 2 – one mark, e.g.
• « to store the number of walls that need to be tiled
• « to store the total area / cost

One mark for a correct reason, e.g.

• Variables allow the storage of values within a program that may change as
the program runs // Variables are used to store values that are input or
calculated

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0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

1(c) Six from: 6

MP1 Input for height and width of the wall to tile and tile code
MP2 Prompts for all inputs seen
MP3 Validation of height and width
MP4 Reasonable attempt at validation of tile code
MP5 Calculation of the area of the wall
MP6 Calculation of the number of boxes rounded up
MP7 Looking up the cost of the tiles
MP8 Calculation of the cost of the boxes of the tiles
MP9 Output of area of the wall, the number of boxes and cost of tiles
needed
MP10 Appropriate message(s) with output

Example algorithm
REPEAT
OUTPUT "Please enter height of wall "
INPUT Height
UNTIL Height > 0

REPEAT
OUTPUT "Please enter width of wall "
INPUT Width
UNTIL Width > 0

REPEAT
Found ← FALSE
Counter ← 0
REPEAT
OUTPUT "Please enter tile identification code "
INPUT MyTileId
IF MyTileId = TileCode(Counter)
THEN
MyCost ← TilePrice(Counter)
Found ← TRUE
ENDIF
Counter ← Counter + 1
UNTIL Found OR Counter = 10
UNTIL Found

Area ← Height * Width

NoBoxes ← Int(Round (Area + 0.5))
// Rounds up to nearest Integer
TotalPrice ← NoBoxes * MyCost

OUTPUT ("Area of wall is ", Area, " metres")

OUTPUT ("Number of boxes of tiles is ", Area, " NoBoxes)
OUTPUT ("Cost of Tiles is ", TotalPrice, " dollars"

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0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

1(d) Three from: 3

• Adding an extra user input for number of walls «
• « using this value as a loop counter
• « so that separate inputs of height and width can be made for each wall
• Calculating a running total for the final area using the results of the area
calculation for each wall
• Rounding the final area or using previously rounded areas for the final total
• Displaying with a suitable message final area, final number of boxes of tiles
required and final cost

If only program statements given with no explanation, zero marks.

1(e) Three from: 3

• Check that only numbers are accepted // type check
• Check that the values are within boundaries // range check
• Check that a value has been entered // presence check
• Using an IF / conditional statement
• Identification of suitable lower value / acceptable value
• Identification of suitable upper value / unacceptable value
• Alerting the user with an error message if the input is unacceptable

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0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

2 Two from 2
• Sub-program / system not the whole program / system
• To perform a frequently used operation within a program
• That can be called when needed
• That can be reused by another program

Question Answer Marks

3 • FOR (… TO … NEXT)loop 3
• WHILE (… DO … ENDWHILE) loop
• REPEAT (… UNTIL) loop

Question Answer Marks

4(a) • Conditional / selection statement 1

4(b) Four from: 4

MP1 CASE statement with identifier Response
MP2 Correct structure used for choices«
MP3 «. correct statements used for choices
MP4 OTHERWISE and correct statement
MP5 Single ENDCASE included
e.g.
CASE OF Response // CASE Response OF
1 : X ← X + Y
2 : X ← X - Y
3 : X ← X * Y
4 : X ← X / Y
OTHERWISE OUTPUT ″No response″
ENDCASE

Question Answer Marks

5(a) First Last UserIn Middle Found 6

OUTPUT

0 16 FALSE

0 16 10 8 FALSE

0 7 10 3 FALSE

4 7 10 5 TRUE TRUE

One mark per correct column

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0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

5(b) Two from: 2

• Search for the value input «
• « using an array«
• « of sorted data

Question Answer Marks

6 One mark for each correct symbol and name / description / example of use 4
(maximum four marks)

Symbol Description of use

Terminator – start / end the

flowchart

Process – to show calculations,

etc.

Input / Output

Decision – to show condition

Continuation – to extend the

flowchart and allow it to join up

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0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2019

Question Answer Marks

7(a) • Number of Fields: 4 2

• Number of Records: 32

7(b) • No field is suitable as a primary key « 2

• « because none of the data would be unique // duplicates could occur

7(c) 4
Field: FirstName LastName Y10TestScore

Table: MARKBOOK MARKBOOK MARKBOOK

Sort: Descending

Show:
; ; ;
Criteria: >=50

or:

One mark for each completely correct column down to and including ‘Show’ row
(maximum three marks)
One mark for correct search criteria rows

© UCLES 2019 Page 8 of 8

Cambridge IGCSE™
* 1 4 8 0 2 6 2 6 5 1 *

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/21

Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming May/June 2020

1 hour 45 minutes

You must answer on the question paper.

No additional materials are needed.

INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Do not attempt Tasks 1, 2 and 3 in the copy of the pre-release material on page 2; these are for
information only.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● Calculators must not be used in this paper.

INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 50.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
● No marks will be awarded for using brand names of software packages or hardware.

This document has 16 pages. Blank pages are indicated.

DC (CJ/CB) 185166/3
© UCLES 2020 [Turn over
2

A shop sells a range of mobile devices, SIM cards and accessories as shown in the table:
Category Item code Description Price ($)
Phone BPCM Compact 29.99
Phone BPSH Clam Shell 49.99
Phone RPSS RoboPhone – 5-inch screen and 64 GB memory 199.99
Phone RPLL RoboPhone – 6-inch screen and 256 GB memory 499.99
Phone YPLS Y-Phone Standard – 6-inch screen and 64 GB memory 549.99
Phone YPLL Y-Phone Deluxe – 6-inch screen and 256 GB memory 649.99
Tablet RTMS RoboTab – 8-inch screen and 64 GB memory 149.99
Tablet RTLM RoboTab – 10-inch screen and 128 GB memory 299.99
Tablet YTLM Y-Tab Standard – 10-inch screen and 128 GB memory 499.99
Tablet YTLL Y-Tab Deluxe – 10-inch screen and 256 GB memory 599.99
SIM card SMNO SIM Free (no SIM card purchased) 0.00
SIM card SMPG Pay As You Go (SIM card purchased) 9.99
Case CSST Standard 0.00
Case CSLX Luxury 50.00
Charger CGCR Car 19.99
Charger CGHM Home 15.99

Write and test a program or programs for this shop.

• Your program or programs must include appropriate prompts for the entry of data; data must be
validated on entry.
• Error messages and other output need to be set out clearly and understandably.
• All arrays, variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.
You will need to complete these three tasks. Each task must be fully tested.
Task 1 – Setting up the system.
Write a program to:
• use appropriate data structures to store the item code, description and price information for the
mobile devices, SIM cards and accessories
• allow the customer to choose a specific phone or tablet
• allow phone customers to choose whether the phone will be SIM Free or Pay As You Go
• allow the customer to choose a standard or luxury case
• allow the customer to choose the chargers required (none, one or both may be purchased)
• calculate the total price of this transaction
• output a list of the items purchased and the total price.
Task 2 – Allow a customer to order multiple mobile devices.
Extend Task 1 to:
• offer the customer the opportunity to purchase an additional mobile device
• if required, perform bulleted steps 2 to 7 of Task 1 for each additional mobile device and
calculate a running total for the customer
• once no further devices are required, output the total the customer will need to pay.
Task 3 – Offering discounts.
Extend the program to allow a discount of 10% off the price of every additional phone or tablet
purchased.
Output the new total the customer will need to pay and the amount of money saved.

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20

1 All variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.

(a) (i) Identify two arrays you could have used for Task 1 and, in each case, state its purpose.

Array 1 ...............................................................................................................................

Purpose .............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

Array 2 ...............................................................................................................................

Purpose .............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[4]

(ii) Identify two variables you could have used for Task 1 and, in each case, state its
purpose.

Variable 1 ..........................................................................................................................

Purpose .............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

Variable 2 ..........................................................................................................................

Purpose .............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[4]

(b) Explain why the item code data could not be stored as a real data type and identify the most
suitable data type for the item code data.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20 [Turn over

(c) Write an algorithm to show how you input your choice of mobile device and SIM card (part of
Task 1), using either pseudocode, programming statements or a flowchart. It is not necessary
to show initialisation or setting up of arrays containing product details.

...................................................................................................................................................

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [5]
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6

(d) Explain how your program completes Task 3. Any programming statements used in your
answer must be fully explained.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [5]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20

Section B starts on page 8.

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20 [Turn over

Section B

2 Tick (ü) one box in each row to identify if the statement about structure diagrams is true or false.

True False
Statement
(ü) (ü)
A structure diagram is a piece of code that is available throughout the
structure of a program.
A structure diagram shows the hierarchy of a system.

A structure diagram is another name for an array.

A structure diagram shows the relationship between different components

of a system.
[2]

3 Programs can perform validation and verification checks when data is entered.

(a) Give the names of two different validation checks and state the purpose of each one.

Check 1 .....................................................................................................................................

Purpose .....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Check 2 .....................................................................................................................................

Purpose .....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]

(b) Give the name of one verification check.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(c) Describe the difference between validation and verification.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20

4 The pseudocode algorithm shown should allow numbers to be entered and should allow
50 numbers to be stored in an array.

Count 0 ←
REPEAT
INPUT Values[Count]
Count ←
Count + 1
UNTIL Count = 0

(a) Explain why the algorithm will never end.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(b) Re-write the original pseudocode so that it terminates correctly and also prevents numbers
below 100 from being stored in the array Values[ ]

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]

(c) Describe how you could change your pseudocode in part (b) so that it prevents numbers
below 100 and above 200 from being stored in the array Values[ ]

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20 [Turn over

5 The flowchart represents an algorithm.

The predefined function DIV gives the value of the result of integer division,
for example, y ← 9 DIV 4 gives y a value of 2

An input value of –1 ends the algorithm.

START

INPUT
Value

IS Yes
Value =
-1 ?

Calc1 Value DIV 2

Calc2 Value DIV 3

IS
No Calc1 =
Value / 2 ?

Yes

IS
No Calc2 =
Value / 3 ?

Yes

OUTPUT
Value
END

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20

(a) Complete the trace table for the input data:

50, 33, 18, 15, 30, –1, 45, 12, 90, 6

Value Calc1 Calc2 OUTPUT

[4]

(b) Describe the purpose of the algorithm.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20 [Turn over

6 A garden centre sells garden tools and stores details of these in a database table named TOOLS.
Code is the primary key in the TOOLS table.

Code Description Price ($) Quantity_Stock Quantity_Ordered

GFLG Garden Fork 50.00 1 50
GSLG Garden Spade 50.00 11 0
GHLG Garden Hoe 45.00 8 0
HFSM Hand Fork 9.99 42 0
HSSM Hand Spade 9.99 40 0
HWSM Hand Weeder 9.99 11 0
HS20 Hose (20 metres) 45.00 10 0
HS35 Hose (35 metres) 60.00 2 0
HS50 Hose (50 metres) 75.00 20 60
YBLG Yard Brush 24.99 100 0
LMHD Lawn Mower 99.99 5 0
LMBT Lawn Mower (Battery) 249.99 7 0
LMPT Lawn Mower (Petrol) 349.99 10 25
TRBT Edge Trimmer (Battery) 79.99 15 0
TRPT Edge Trimmer (Petrol) 59.99 20 0
SHSM Shears 40.00 40 0
HCSM Hedge Clippers 40.00 45 0

(a) State the purpose of the primary key in the TOOLS table.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20

(b) List the output from the data shown in the table TOOLS that would be given by this query-by-
example.

Field: Code Description Price ($) Quantity_Stock Quantity_Ordered

Table: TOOLS TOOLS TOOLS TOOLS TOOLS

Sort: Descending

Show: ü ü ü
Criteria: >40 >0 >0

or:

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

(c) Complete the query-by-example grid to output the tools where the quantity in stock is below
25. Only show the Code, Description and Quantity_Stock fields in ascending order of Code.

Field:

Table:

Sort:

Show:

Criteria:

or:

[3]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20

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© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20

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© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20

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© UCLES 2020 0478/21/M/J/20

Cambridge IGCSE™

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/21

Paper 2 May/June 2020
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 50

Published

Students did not sit exam papers in the June 2020 series due to the Covid-19 global pandemic.

This mark scheme is published to support teachers and students and should be read together with the
question paper. It shows the requirements of the exam. The answer column of the mark scheme shows the
proposed basis on which Examiners would award marks for this exam. Where appropriate, this column also
provides the most likely acceptable alternative responses expected from students. Examiners usually review
the mark scheme after they have seen student responses and update the mark scheme if appropriate. In the
June series, Examiners were unable to consider the acceptability of alternative responses, as there were no
student responses to consider.

Mark schemes should usually be read together with the Principal Examiner Report for Teachers. However,
because students did not sit exam papers, there is no Principal Examiner Report for Teachers for the June
2020 series.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the June 2020 series for most Cambridge
IGCSE™ and Cambridge International A & AS Level components, and some Cambridge O Level
components.

This document consists of 10 printed pages.

© UCLES 2020 [Turn over

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Generic Marking Principles

These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the
specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these
marking principles.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

• marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the
scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate
• marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do
• marks are not deducted for errors
• marks are not deducted for omissions
• answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the
question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level
descriptors.

© UCLES 2020 Page 2 of 10

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may
be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or
grade descriptors in mind.

© UCLES 2020 Page 3 of 10

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

1(a)(i) Any meaningful array related to Task 1 – one mark (max two) e.g. 4
ItemCode
Description

Correct purpose for each array related to Task 1 – one mark (max two) e.g.
…to store the item codes
…to store the descriptions of the items for sale

1(a)(ii) Any meaningful variable related to Task 1 – one mark (max two) e.g. 4
PurchaseItem
TotalPrice

Correct purpose for each variable related to Task 1 - one mark (max two) e.g.
… to allow input of an item/code for purchase
… to store/calculate the total price of the transaction

1(b) Any one correct statement e.g. 2

• The Code data is made up of letters/alphabetic characters/not numbers
• Real data must have numerical value/would not be used in calculations

One mark for:

• String

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0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

1(c) Any five from 5

• Input with message to allow choice of mobile device
• Attempt to validate input to check for valid item code
• Accurate validation of input to check for valid item code
• Determination of whether device is phone or tablet
• Restriction to only allow input for SIM card required if mobile device is a phone
• Input with message to find out if a SIM card is required

Example answer
OUTPUT "Which type of phone or tablet would you like? Input the Item Code"
DeviceFlag ← False
WHILE DeviceFlag = False
INPUT DeviceCode
Count ← 0
WHILE Count<10 DO
IF DeviceCode = ItemCode[Count]
THEN
IF Count < 6
THEN
DeviceType ← "Phone"
ELSE
DeviceType ← "Tablet"
ENDIF
DeviceFlag ← True
Count ← 10
ENDIF
Count ← Count + 1
ENDWHILE
IF DeviceFlag = False
THEN

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0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

1(c) OUTPUT "Your code doesn’t exist, please try again"

ENDIF
ENDWHILE
IF DeviceType ← "Phone"
THEN
OUTPUT "Would you like a SIM Card? (Answer Y or N)"
INPUT SimRequired
ENDIF

1(d) Any five from 5

• Explanation of finding if more than one device is purchased
• Explanation of application of device discount
• Explanation of calculating the discount(s) and finding the new price
• Explanation of outputting new total
• Explanation of outputting amount saved
• Explanation of messages used

Question Answer Marks

2 2
True False
Statement
() ()

A structure diagram is a piece of code that is available throughout the structure of a program. 

A structure diagram shows the hierarchy of a system. 

A structure diagram is another name for an array. 

A structure diagram shows the relationship between different components of a system. 

Two marks for four correct rows.

One mark for three correct rows.

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Question Answer Marks

3(a) One mark for each correct validation check (max two) 4
• Range
• Length
• Type
• Check Digit

One mark for each correct related purpose (max two) e.g.
• To make sure the data entered falls within a specific set of values
• To make sure the data entered is no longer than specified
• To make sure the data entered follows rules related to whether it is numbers of letters
• To make sure an identification code entered is genuine or possible

3(b) One mark for correct verification check (max one) 1

• Double (data) entry
• Visual check

3(c) Any two correct statements (max two) e.g. 2

• Validation checks if the data entered is possible/it cannot check if data has been entered correctly.
• Verification checks if the data entered matches the data submitted for entry/ it does not check if data matches set
criteria.

Question Answer Marks

4(a) Any two correct statements (max two) e.g. 2

• The value of the variable Count begins as 0 …
• … and is incremented by 1 before it is tested by the loop condition
• Count will never be 0 at the end of the loop

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Question Answer Marks

4(b) 4
Count ← 0
REPEAT
INPUT Number
IF Number >= 100
THEN
Values[Count] ← Number
ENDIF
Count ← Count + 1
UNTIL Count = 50

One mark – separate INPUT statement

One mark – IF statement attempted
One mark – IF statement completely correct
One mark – termination of loop updated

4(c) Any two correct statements (max two) e.g. 2

• Alter the IFstatement/add a second IF statement/comparison that’s already there …
• … so that additional criteria set an upper limit of <=200

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Question Answer Marks

5(a) 4
Value Calc1 Calc2 OUTPUT

50 25 16

33 16 11

18 9 6 18

15 7 5

30 15 10 30

-1

One mark for each correct column (max four)

5(b) Any two correct statements e.g. 2

• The program outputs a value
• That is divisible by 6 // 2 and 3

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Question Answer Marks

6(a) To uniquely identify a product (in TOOLS) 1

6(b) HS50 Hose (50 metres) 60 3

GFLG Garden Fork 50
LMPT Lawn Mower (Petrol) 25

One mark for correct data

One mark for correct format
One mark for data in correct order

6(c) 3
Field: Code Description Quantity_Stock

Table: TOOLS TOOLS TOOLS

Sort: Ascending

Show:     

Criteria: <25

or:

One mark for each completely correct column (max three)

© UCLES 2020 Page 10 of 10

Cambridge IGCSE™
* 2 0 3 5 3 9 2 7 0 5 *

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/22

Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming May/June 2020

1 hour 45 minutes

You must answer on the question paper.

No additional materials are needed.

This document has 16 pages. Blank pages are indicated.

DC (CJ/FC) 184928/3
© UCLES 2020 [Turn over
2

Section A

You are advised to spend no longer than 40 minutes answering this section.
Here is a copy of the pre-release material.
DO NOT attempt Tasks 1, 2 and 3 now.
Use the pre-release material and your experience from attempting the tasks before the examination to
answer Question 1.
Pre-release material
A car park payment system allows customers to select the number of hours to leave their car in the
car park. The customer will get a discount if they enter their frequent parking number correctly. The
system calculates and displays the amount the customer must pay. The price of parking, the number
of hours the customer can enter, and any discount depend upon the day of the week and the arrival
time. The number of hours entered is a whole number. The price per hour is calculated using the
price in force at the arrival time. No parking is allowed between Midnight and 08:00.
Arrival time
Day of the week From 08:00 to 15:59 From 16:00 to Midnight
Max stay in hours Price per hour Hours Price
Sunday 8 2.00 Up to Midnight 2.00
Monday 2 10.00 Up to Midnight 2.00
Tuesday 2 10.00 Up to Midnight 2.00
Wednesday 2 10.00 Up to Midnight 2.00
Thursday 2 10.00 Up to Midnight 2.00
Friday 2 10.00 Up to Midnight 2.00
Saturday 4 3.00 Up to Midnight 2.00

A frequent parking number can be entered for discounted parking. This number consists of 4 digits
and a check digit that is calculated using a modulo 11 check digit calculation. A discount of 50% is
available for arrival times from 16:00 to Midnight; the discount is 10% at all other arrival times.
Write and test a program or programs to simulate the car park payment system.
• Your program or programs must include appropriate prompts for the entry of data; data must be
validated on entry.
• Error messages and other output need to be set out clearly and understandably.
• All variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.
You will need to complete these three tasks. Each task must be fully tested.
Task 1 – Calculating the price to park.
A customer inputs the day, the hour of arrival excluding minutes (for example 15:45 would be 15),
the number of hours to leave their car, and a frequent parking number if available. If the frequent
parking number has an incorrect check digit, then no discount can be applied. The price to park,
based on the day, the hour of arrival, the number of hours of parking required and any discount
available, is calculated and displayed.
Task 2 – Keeping a total of the payments.
Extend Task 1 to keep a daily total of payments made for parking. The daily total is zeroed at the
start of the day. For the simulation, each customer inputs the amount paid, this must be greater than
or equal to the amount displayed. There is no change given so the amount input may exceed the
amount displayed. Each customer payment is added to the daily total, and this total is displayed at
the end of the day.
Task 3 – Making payments fairer.
Customers have complained that sometimes they are being charged too much if they arrive before
16:00 and depart after 16:00. Extend Task 1 to calculate the price before 16:00, then add the
evening charge. For example, a customer arriving at 14:45 on a Sunday and parking for five hours
was previously charged 10.00 and would now be charged 6.00

© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20

1 All variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.

(a) Identify two variables that you could have used for Task 1. Give the data type and state the
use of each variable.

Variable 1 ..................................................................................................................................

Data type ..................................................................................................................................

Use ...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Variable 2 ..................................................................................................................................

Data type ..................................................................................................................................

Use ...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]

(b) Data input by a customer for Task 1 includes the day and the hour of arrival.

Identify one suitable validation check for each input and justify your choice. Your validation
checks must be different.

Day of arrival – validation check ...............................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Justification ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Hour of arrival – validation check .............................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Justification ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]

© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20 [Turn over

(c) Explain how your program for Task 1 ensured that the frequent parking number entered by
the customer had a valid check digit.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]

(d) Write an algorithm for part of Task 2 that simulates customer payment and calculating total
payments using either pseudocode, programming statements or a flowchart. Assume that
Task 1 has been completed.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20
5

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]
© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20 [Turn over
6

(e) Explain how your program completed Task 3. Assume that Task 2 has been completed. Any
programming statements used in your answer must be fully explained.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]

© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20

Section B

2 Most programming languages include basic data types. Ahmad is describing the basic data types
he has used.

State the data type that Ahmad is describing in each sentence.

Choose the data type from this list of programming terms.

Array Boolean Char Constant Function Integer

Iteration Procedure Real String Variable

A number with a fractional part that can be positive or negative and used in calculations

Data type ..........................................................................................................................................

A whole number that can be positive, negative or zero and used in calculations

Data type ..........................................................................................................................................

A single number, symbol or letter

Data type ..........................................................................................................................................

A sequence of characters

Data type ..........................................................................................................................................

A data type with two values, True or False

Data type ..........................................................................................................................................

[5]

© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20 [Turn over

3 (a) An algorithm has been written in pseudocode to input the names and marks of 35 students.
The algorithm stores the names and marks in two arrays Name[ ] and Mark[ ]. The highest
mark awarded is found and the number of students with that mark is counted. Both of these
values are output.

01 HighestMark 100 ←
02 HighestMarkStudents 0 ←
03 FOR Count ←
1 TO 35
04 OUTPUT "Please enter student name"
05 INPUT Name[Count]
06 OUTPUT "Please enter student mark"
07 INPUT Mark[Counter]
08 IF Mark[Count] = HighestMark
09 THEN
10 HighestMarkStudents HighestMarkStudents – 1 ←
11 ENDIF
12 IF Mark[Count] > HighestMark
13 THEN
14 Mark[Count] HighestMark ←
15 HighestMarkStudents 1 ←
16 ENDIF
17 NEXT Count
18 OUTPUT "There are ", HighestMarkStudents," with the highest mark of ",
HighestMark

Give line numbers where the four errors are to be found in the pseudocode. Suggest a
correction for each error.

Error 1 line number ...................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Error 2 line number ...................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Error 3 line number ...................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Error 4 line number ...................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]

© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20

(b) Explain how you could extend the algorithm to also find the lowest mark awarded, count the
number of students with that mark, and output both these values.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [6]
© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20 [Turn over
10

4 This flowchart inputs the points won and the points lost when playing a game. The difference
between the points won and lost is calculated and depending on the result the player can: move
up to the next level, stay at the same level, or move down to the previous level. The flowchart
finishes when the input for points won is –1.

START

INPUT
PointsWon, PointsLost

IS
Yes END
PointsWon = –1 ?

Difference
PointsWon - PointsLost

OUTPUT IS
Yes
"Well done Difference > =
move up" 1000 ?

OUTPUT Yes IS
"Sorry move Difference < 0 ?
down"

OUTPUT
"Keep on trying"

© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20

(a) Complete a trace table for this set of input data:

5000, 4474, 6055, 2000, 7900, 9800, 3000, 2150, –1, 6700, 7615

PointsWon PointsLost Difference OUTPUT

[3]

(b) The flowchart needs to be changed. When the difference is more than 5000 the output
message is ‘Fantastic leap up two levels’.

Describe the changes that will need to be made to the flowchart.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20 [Turn over

5 Arrays are data structures used in programming. Explain what is meant by the terms dimension
and index in an array. Use examples of arrays in your explanations.

Dimension ........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Index ................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
[3]

© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20

6 A database table, JUICE, is used to keep a record of cartons of fresh fruit juice available for sale.

Juice code Fruit 1 Fruit 2 Size Volume (ml) Stock level

LMO10 Mango Orange Large 1000 18
MOO05 Orange Orange Medium 500 8
SAM02 Apple Mango Small 200 25
SAA02 Apple Apple Small 200 50
SPP02 Pineapple Pineapple Small 200 10
MMM05 Mango Mango Medium 500 12
LMM10 Mango Mango Large 1000 5
MGG05 Guava Guava Medium 500 5
SMO02 Mango Orange Small 200 7
MOP05 Orange Pineapple Medium 500 12
LAA10 Apple Apple Large 1000 32
SGO02 Guava Orange Small 200 10
LPP10 Pineapple Pineapple Large 1000 3
LOO10 Orange Orange Large 1000 25
SOO02 Orange Orange Small 200 40

(a) Identify a suitable field to use as the primary key. State a reason for your choice.

Field ..........................................................................................................................................

Reason ......................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) Complete the query-by-example grid to display only the stock level and size of all cartons
containing only apple juice.

Field:
Table:
Sort:
Show:
Criteria:
or:
[4]

© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20

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© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20

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© UCLES 2020 0478/22/M/J/20

Cambridge IGCSE™

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/22

Paper 2 May/June 2020
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 50

Published

Students did not sit exam papers in the June 2020 series due to the Covid-19 global pandemic.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the June 2020 series for most Cambridge
IGCSE™ and Cambridge International A & AS Level components, and some Cambridge O Level
components.

This document consists of 8 printed pages.

© UCLES 2020 [Turn over

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Generic Marking Principles

These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the
specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these
marking principles.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

• marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the
scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate
• marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do
• marks are not deducted for errors
• marks are not deducted for omissions
• answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the
question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level
descriptors.

© UCLES 2020 Page 2 of 8

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may
be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or
grade descriptors in mind.

© UCLES 2020 Page 3 of 8

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Section A

Question Answer Marks

1(a) For two variables 4

One mark for identification of a variable with a suitable data type and one mark for its use

Variable hourArrived
Data type integer
Use to calculate the price based on the number of hours parking

Variable priceToPay
Data type real
Use store result of price calculation

Many correct answers, these are examples only.

1(b) For each validation check 4

One mark for identification of a check and one mark for the justification

Day
Check presence check
Justification need to enter day to be able to calculate price

Hour
Check range check
Justification need to check hour is between 8 and 23

Many correct answers, these are examples only.

© UCLES 2020 Page 4 of 8

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

1(c) Any four from: 4

• All 5 digits input
• Each of the first 4 digits is multiplied by a weight based on its position
• Specific method of individualising the digits described
• Added together divided by 11
• Remainder used to calculate correct 5th digit
• Checked against 5th digit input
• If the same, then valid

1(d) Any four from: 4

• Input amount
• Check amount greater than or equal to the price to pay …
• … True – add amount to daily total
• … False – ask for payment to be re-entered
• … Until valid amount input
Sample answer
PRINT "Please Enter Payment"
INPUT amount
WHILE amount < priceToPay DO
PRINT "Insufficient payment, please enter new Payment"
INPUT amount
ENDWHILE
totalPayment ← totalPayment + amount

1(e) Explanation 4
Any four from:
• Add number of hours selected to arrival hour
• Check if this is greater than 16
• True – calculate price up to 16 …
• … using current price in force
• … and add in evening charge
• False – calculate price as usual

Programming statements can be used but must be explained.

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0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Section B

Question Answer Marks

2 Real 5
Integer
Char/String
String
Boolean

Question Answer Marks

3(a) One mark for error and correction 4

Line 1 HighestMark ← 0
Line 7 INPUT Mark[Count]
Line 10 HighestMarkStudents ← HighestMarkStudents + 1
Line 14 HighestMark ← Mark[Count]

3(b) Any six from: 6

Add variable LowestMark …
… Set this to a high value for example 100
Add variable LowestMarkStudents …
… Set this to zero
Check if Mark[Count] = LowestMark …
… True – add 1 to LowestMarkStudents
Check if Mark[Count] < LowestMark …
… True – set LowestMarkStudenta to 1 and set LowestMark to Mark[Count]
Add extra output statement

© UCLES 2020 Page 6 of 8

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

4(a) One mark for correct input (PointsWon and PointsLost) 3

One mark for correct calculations (Difference)
One mark for correct output

PointsWon PointsLost Difference OUTPUT

5000 4474 526 Keep on trying

6055 2000 4055 Well done move up

7900 9800 -1900 Sorry move down

3000 2150 850 Keep on trying

-1 6700

4(b) Any three from: 3

• Add extra decision box …
• … before checking for difference greater than or equal to 1000
// change Is difference >= 1000 to >= 1000 and <= 5000
• Check for difference greater than 5000
• Add extra Output ‘Fantastic leap up two levels’…
• … before flowline returns to input

© UCLES 2020 Page 7 of 8

0478/22 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

5 One mark for explanation of dimension 3

One mark for explanation of index
One mark for inclusion of an example

The dimension is the number of indexes required to access an element.

The index is the position of the element in an array
For example A[25] is the 25th element of a one-dimensional array.

Question Answer Marks

6(a) One mark for field and one mark for reason 2
Field Juice code
Reason only unique identifier

6(b) 4
Field: Fruit 1 Fruit 2 Size Stock level

Table: JUICE JUICE JUICE JUICE

Sort:

Show:    

Criteria: ="Apple" ="Apple"

or:

One mark for each correct column

© UCLES 2020 Page 8 of 8

Cambridge IGCSE™
* 0 6 3 3 5 0 5 5 3 3 *

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/23

Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming May/June 2020

1 hour 45 minutes

You must answer on the question paper.

No additional materials are needed.

This document has 12 pages. Blank pages are indicated.

DC (CJ) 184934/3
© UCLES 2020 [Turn over
2

Section A
You are advised to spend no longer than 40 minutes answering this section.
Here is a copy of the pre-release material.
DO NOT attempt Tasks 1, 2 and 3 now.
Use the pre-release material and your experience from attempting the tasks before the examination to
answer Question 1.
Pre-release material
A school snack shop sells the following items:
Category Item code Description Price ($) Healthy?
Fruit FR1 Apple 1.00 Yes
Fruit FR2 Banana 1.25 Yes
Fruit FR3 Orange 1.00 Yes
Fruit FR4 Peach 1.30 Yes
Sandwich SN1 Cheese 1.75 Yes
Sandwich SN2 Cheese and Tomato 2.20 Yes
Sandwich SN3 Chicken 2.00 Yes
Sandwich SN4 Chicken Salad 2.35 Yes
Sandwich SN5 Salad (Vegetarian) 2.00 Yes
Crisps CR1 Salted 1.00 No
Crisps CR2 Cheese and Onion 1.00 No
Crisps CR3 Barbecue 1.00 No
Crisps CR4 Prawn Cocktail 1.00 No
Confectionery CN1 Biscuits 0.95 No
Confectionery CN2 Chocolate Bar 1.05 No
Confectionery CN3 Toffee and Chocolate Bar 1.25 No
Confectionery CN4 Chocolate Wafers 1.30 No
Drink DR1 Cola 1.20 No
Drink DR2 Lemon and Lime Soda 1.20 No
Drink DR3 Orange Soda 1.20 No
Drink DR4 Orange Juice 1.50 Yes
Drink DR5 Apple Juice 1.50 Yes
Write and test a program or programs for this snack shop.
• Your program or programs must include appropriate prompts for the entry of data; data must be
validated on entry.
• Error messages and other output need to be set out clearly and understandably.
• All arrays, variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.
You will need to complete these three tasks. Each task must be fully tested.
Task 1 – Setting up the system to show the items for sale and to allow items to be selected
Write a program to:
• use arrays to store the item code, description, price and whether or not the item is healthy
• allow a customer to choose an item to purchase
• output the description of each chosen item, its price and whether or not it is healthy
• allow the customer to choose additional items until they decide to stop
• calculate and output the total price of the chosen items.
Task 2 – Specifying quantities and introducing restrictions
Extend Task 1 to:
• allow the customer to input the quantity of each item they would like to purchase
• count the number of healthy and unhealthy items chosen by the customer. For example, two
apples and a peach count as three healthy items
• check that the customer has chosen at least one healthy item for every two unhealthy items.
If so, allow the customer to make the purchase. Otherwise, the purchase cannot proceed, a
message is output to say the purchase is cancelled and the customer has to start again.
Task 3 – Offering discounts
Extend the program to:
• either apply a 10% discount to the total price, when purchasing both healthy and unhealthy
items, only if the number of healthy items matches or exceeds the number of unhealthy items
• or apply a 20% discount to the total price if all the items purchased are healthy items
• calculate then output the new total price and the amount of money saved.

© UCLES 2020 0478/23/M/J/20

1 All variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.

(a) (i) Identify one array you could have used for Task 1 and state its purpose.

Array ..................................................................................................................................

Purpose .............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) Identify one variable you could have used for Task 2 and state its purpose.

Variable .............................................................................................................................

Purpose .............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(iii) Identify one constant you could have used for Task 3 and state its purpose.

Constant ............................................................................................................................

Purpose .............................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) Explain why a student would be advised not to store the Healthy? data as a real data type
and identify the most suitable data type for the Healthy? data.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

© UCLES 2020 0478/23/M/J/20 [Turn over

(c) Write an algorithm for Task 1 using either pseudocode, programming statements or a
flowchart. It is not necessary to show initialisation or setting up of arrays.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
© UCLES 2020 0478/23/M/J/20
5

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [6]
© UCLES 2020 0478/23/M/J/20 [Turn over
6

(d) Explain how your program completes Task 3. Assume Task 1 and Task 2 have been
completed. Any programming statements used in your answer must be fully explained.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]
© UCLES 2020 0478/23/M/J/20
7

(e) Describe how you could alter your program to restrict the maximum number of items
purchased by a customer to six.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

© UCLES 2020 0478/23/M/J/20 [Turn over

Section B

2 Draw a line to connect each Description to the most appropriate Pseudocode example.

Description Pseudocode example

A loop that will iterate

CASE … OF … OTHERWISE … ENDCASE
at least once

A loop that will not be

executed on the first test Number Number + 1
if the condition is false

A conditional statement WHILE … DO … ENDWHILE

Totalling Sum Sum + NewValue

Counting REPEAT … UNTIL

[4]

© UCLES 2020 0478/23/M/J/20

3 This section of pseudocode is to be used as a validation check that will continue until a number
between 0 and 499 inclusive is entered.

1 PRINT "Input a number from 0 to 499 inclusive"

2 FOR Number 1 TO 10
3 INPUT Number
4 IF Number < 0 AND Number > 499
5 THEN
6 PRINT "Invalid number, please try again"
7 ENDIF
8 UNTIL Number = 0 OR Number = 499
9 PRINT Number, " is within the correct range"

There are three lines in this pseudocode that contain errors. In each case, state the line number
to identify the incorrect line and write out the corrected line in full.

Error 1 line number ..........................................................................................................................

Correction .........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Error 2 line number ..........................................................................................................................

Correction .........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................

Error 3 line number ..........................................................................................................................

Correction .........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................................
[6]

© UCLES 2020 0478/23/M/J/20 [Turn over

4 A code must take the form LL9 9LL where L is a letter and 9 is a digit.

(a) A presence check has already been used to ensure data has been entered. Name two other
types of validation check that can be used to test the code is valid.

Check 1 .....................................................................................................................................

Check 2 .....................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) Give one example of invalid test data for each of the validation checks you have named in
part (a) and in each case, give a reason why it fails the check. Each example of test data
must be different.

Check 1 Invalid Test Data .........................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Reason .....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Check 2 Invalid Test Data .........................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Reason .....................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]

© UCLES 2020 0478/23/M/J/20

5 This algorithm finds prime numbers.

The pre-defined function DIV gives the value of the result of integer division,
for example, y 9 DIV 4 gives y a value of 2

Flag False
INPUT Number
WHILE Number <> 0
Divisor 2
WHILE Divisor <= Number / 2
Value Number DIV Divisor
IF Number / Divisor = Value
THEN
Flag True
ENDIF
Divisor Divisor + 1
ENDWHILE
IF Flag = False
THEN
OUTPUT Number, " is prime"
ENDIF
INPUT Number
Flag False
ENDWHILE

Complete the trace table for the algorithm using the input data:

5, 6, 8, 0, 11, 13

Flag Number Divisor Value OUTPUT

[5]

© UCLES 2020 0478/23/M/J/20 [Turn over

6 Draw the flowchart symbol for Decision and the flowchart symbol for Process.

Decision Process

[2]

7 A convenience store which sells general groceries wants to set up a database table called
STOCK. The table will contain fields including a description of the item, the price of the item
and the number in stock for each item. The STOCK table also has a fourth field to be used as a
primary key.

(a) Complete the table to suggest a suitable field name for each of the four fields in the table
STOCK. Give the purpose of the data to be stored in each field.

Field name Purpose of field contents

[4]

(b) Complete the query-by-example grid to output stock items where the quantity in stock has
fallen below 20. Only show the primary key and description of the items.

Field:
Table:
Sort:
Show:
Criteria:
or:
[3]
Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

© UCLES 2020 0478/23/M/J/20

Cambridge IGCSE™

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/23

Paper 2 May/June 2020
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 50

Published

Students did not sit exam papers in the June 2020 series due to the Covid-19 global pandemic.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the June 2020 series for most Cambridge
IGCSE™ and Cambridge International A & AS Level components, and some Cambridge O Level
components.

This document consists of 11 printed pages.

© UCLES 2020 [Turn over

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Generic Marking Principles

These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the
specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these
marking principles.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

• marks are awarded for correct/valid answers, as defined in the mark scheme. However, credit is given for valid answers which go beyond the
scope of the syllabus and mark scheme, referring to your Team Leader as appropriate
• marks are awarded when candidates clearly demonstrate what they know and can do
• marks are not deducted for errors
• marks are not deducted for omissions
• answers should only be judged on the quality of spelling, punctuation and grammar when these features are specifically assessed by the
question as indicated by the mark scheme. The meaning, however, should be unambiguous.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed instructions or in the application of generic level
descriptors.

© UCLES 2020 Page 2 of 11

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

Marks should be awarded using the full range of marks defined in the mark scheme for the question (however; the use of the full mark range may
be limited according to the quality of the candidate responses seen).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should not be awarded with grade thresholds or
grade descriptors in mind.

© UCLES 2020 Page 3 of 11

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

1(a)(i) Any array related to Task 1 – one mark e.g. 2

ItemCode
Description

Correct purpose related to Task 1 - one mark e.g.

…to store the product code of the items in stock
…to store descriptions/names of the items on sale

1(a)(ii) Any variable related to Task 2 – one mark e.g. 2

Quantity
HealthyNum

Correct purpose related to Task 2 - one mark e.g.

… to allow input of the quantity of a product
… to store/track the number of healthy items in the order

1(a)(iii) Any constant related to Task 3 – one mark e.g. 2

Off10
Off20

Correct purpose related to Task 3 - one mark e.g.

… to store the ‘matching healthy items’ option discount rate
… to store the ’all healthy items’ discount rate

1(b) Any two correct statements e.g. 2

• The Healthy? data is not numerical
• Boolean

© UCLES 2020 Page 4 of 11

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

1(c) Any six from 6

• Input of item/item code (with message)
• Attempt at use of validation of input for item/item code
• Fully functional validation of input for item/item code
• Find location of item/item code in array
• Retrieve item description, price and whether it is healthy
• Check if another item is required – message and input
• Use of loop to repeat purchase option
• Running total of price
• Output of description of each item, price and healthy status (with message)
• Output total price with message (outside final loop)

Example answer
AnotherItem ← "Y"
While AnotherItem = "Y"
SnackCodeFlag ← False
OUTPUT "Input an Item Code"
WHILE SnackCodeFlag = False
INPUT SnackCode
Count ← 0
WHILE Count < 22 DO
IF SnackCode = ItemCode[Count]
THEN
SnackCodeFlag ← True
OUTPUT "Item Description ", Description[Count], " Item Price ",
Price[Count], " Item is Healthy? ", Healthy[Count]
TotalPrice ← TotalPrice + Price[Count]
Count ← 22
ENDIF
Count ← Count + 1
ENDWHILE
IF SnackCodeFlag = False
THEN

© UCLES 2020 Page 5 of 11

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

1(c) OUTPUT "Your Item Code doesn’t exist, please try again"
ENDIF
ENDWHILE
OUTPUT "Would you like another item? (Answer Y or N)"
INPUT AnotherItem
ENDWHILE
OUTPUT "The total price is ", TotalPrice

1(d) Any four from 4

• Explanation of comparing numbers of healthy and non-healthy items
• Explanation of checking for zero unhealthy items
• Explanation of applying the 10% discount rule
• Explanation of applying the 20% discount rule
• Explanation of calculating the new total price and money saved
• Explanation of output

1(e) One for each correct statement (max two) 2

• Use a loop structure when making purchases… / introduce a count of items when making purchases … /modify the
existing loop structure
• … that terminates after six iterations

© UCLES 2020 Page 6 of 11

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

2 Description Pseudocode example 4

A loop that will iterate at least once

CASE … OF … OTHERWISE … ENDCASE

A loop that will not be executed on the first

test if the condition is false Number ← Number + 1

A conditional statement
WHILE … DO … ENDWHILE

Totalling
Sum ← Sum + NewValue

Counting REPEAT … UNTIL

One mark – one correct link

Two marks – two correct links
Three marks – three correct links
Four marks – four/five correct links

© UCLES 2020 Page 7 of 11

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

3 Line 2 and Line 4 errors - One mark for each correct identification and correction of error 6

Error 1 line number: Line 2

Correction: REPEAT

Error 2 line number: Line 4

Correction: IF Number < 0 OR Number > 499

Line 8 error - One mark for correct identification of error and one mark for each correction of error
Error 2 line number: Line 8
Correction: UNTIL Number >= 0 AND Number <= 499

Question Answer Marks

4(a) One mark for each correct check (max two) 2

• Length (check)
• Type Check
• Format Check

4(b) One mark for each suitable piece of test data and one mark for each relevant reason (max four) 4
• LL9999LL999
• Too long

• 5678987
• All numeric

• CB12EU
• No space is present

© UCLES 2020 Page 8 of 11

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

5 5
Flag Number Divisor Value OUTPUT

False 5 2 2

5 is prime

False 6 2 3

True 3 2

True 4

False 8 2 4

True 3 2

True 4 2

False 0

One mark for each correct column

© UCLES 2020 Page 9 of 11

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

6 Decision Process 2

One mark for each correct symbol

Question Answer Marks

7(a) 4
Fieldname Purpose of field contents

CodeNo Primary key to identify products

Product To describe the product

Price The price of individual item

NumInStock How many are in stock

One mark for each correct fieldname and description pair

© UCLES 2020 Page 10 of 11

0478/23 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme May/June 2020
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

7(b) 3
Field: CodeNo Product NumInStock

Table: STOCK STOCK STOCK

Sort:

Show:    

Criteria: <20

or:

One mark for each completely correct column (max three)

© UCLES 2020 Page 11 of 11

Cambridge IGCSE™
* 5 2 7 8 6 0 5 5 8 3 *

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/21

Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming October/November 2020

1 hour 45 minutes

You must answer on the question paper.

No additional materials are needed.

This document has 16 pages. Blank pages are indicated.

DC (ST/CT) 185129/2
© UCLES 2020 [Turn over
2

Section A

A car insurance system allows customers to check how much it would cost to buy insurance for a car for
twelve months. The starting price of the car insurance is $500. The actual price a customer pays for the car
insurance changes depending upon this information:
• engine size of car
• value of car
• where car is kept overnight
• number of kilometres (km) driven a year
• age of driver
• years insured without an insurance claim
Engine Kept 1000 km Years
Price Value in Price Price Price Age of Price Price
size in over- driven a without
change $1000 change change change driver change change
litres night year claim
<=0.5 –5% <0.5 –5% Garage –5% <5 –5% 18–20 +100% 1 –10%
>0.5 to 1.0 0% 0.5 to 2 0% Drive 0% 5 to 20 0% 21–25 +50% 2 –20%
>1.0 to 2.5 +5% >2 to 10 +5% Street +5% >20 +5% 26–30 +25% 3 –30%
>2.5 +10% >10 to 20 +10% 31–70 0% 4 –40%
>20 +15% 71–80 +10% 5 –50%
>80 +20% 6 –60%
>6 –70%
Table 1 Table 2
The actual price is calculated by:
• finding the total of the percentage changes for the customer using Table 1
• applying this total percentage change to the starting price of the car insurance
• applying the years without claim discount percentage for the customer using Table 2.
Write and test a program or programs to calculate the price for a customer to insure a car.
• Your program or programs must include appropriate prompts for the entry of data; data must be
validated on entry.
• Error messages and other output need to be set out clearly and understandably.
• All variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.
You will need to complete these three tasks. Each task must be fully tested.
Task 1 – Calculate the price to insure a car.
Write a program to obtain the required information from a customer and calculate the price to insure the car.
Display the price to insure the car. Display the total percentage change calculated from Table 1, and the
years without claim discount percentage from Table 2 separately.
Task 2 – New customer discount.
Extend Task 1 to include an additional discount of 10% off the price to any new customer who is aged
between 26 and 70 inclusive, who also has 2 or more years without a claim. Display the amount of money
this would save and the new price.
Task 3 – Adding an extra driver.
Customers can add one extra driver. The age of the extra driver may increase the price. The new price is
calculated by applying the percentage price change for the age of the extra driver from Table 1 to the price.
Extend Task 2 to calculate and display the new price including an extra driver if required.

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20

1 All variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.

(a) Identify one array that you could have used for Task 1. Give the data type and state the use
of the array.

Array .........................................................................................................................................

Data type ..................................................................................................................................

Use ...........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[3]

(b) Data entered by a customer includes the age of the driver in Task 1.
Identify two different validation checks you could use for the age of the driver.
Justify your choice for each one.

Validation check 1 .....................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Justification ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Validation check 2 .....................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Justification ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20 [Turn over

(c) Write an algorithm for Task 2, using either pseudocode, programming statements or a
flowchart. Assume that Task 1 has been completed.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [6]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20

(d) (i) Explain how your program completed Task 3. Assume that Task 2 has been completed.
Any programming statements used in your answer must be fully explained.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [4]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20 [Turn over

(ii) The car insurance system needs updating to record the percentage of customers who
bought car insurance after obtaining a price to insure a car. Describe the changes
required to your program.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [3]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20

Section B

2 Describe the purpose of variables and constants. Use an example of each in your answer.

..........................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................... [4]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20 [Turn over

3 This pseudocode algorithm calculates the weight and number of bags in a load of firewood. The
weight in kilograms of each bag is input. The algorithm finishes when either 50 bags have been
weighed, or as soon as the total weight exceeds 1000 kilograms. Only then are the total weight
and the number of bags in the load output.

01 TotalWeight ←
1000
02 BagCount 0 ←
03 MaxBag 50 ←
04 MaxWeight ←
1000
05 REPEAT
06 OUTPUT "Please Enter weight of bag"
07 INPUT Weight
08 TotalWeight ←
TotalWeight + Weight
09 BagCount ←
BagCount + 1
10 OUTPUT "Number of bags in the load is ", BagCount
11 UNTIL TotalWeight > MaxWeight AND BagCount >= MaxBag
12 OUTPUT "Total weight of the load is ", MaxWeight

(a) Give the line number(s) from the algorithm of:

an assignment statement .........................................................................................................

a loop ........................................................................................................................................

a counting statement ................................................................................................................

a totalling statement .................................................................................................................

[4]

(b) Give the line numbers of the four errors in this pseudocode. Suggest a correction for each
error.

Error 1 line number ...................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Error 2 line number ...................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Error 3 line number ...................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

Error 4 line number ...................................................................................................................

Correction .................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[4]
© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20
9

(c) Explain how you could extend the algorithm to calculate and display the average weight of a
bag of firewood in the load.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20 [Turn over

4 This flowchart inputs five numbers and performs a calculation.

The predefined function MOD finds the remainder from integer division for example
R ← 25 MOD 11 gives R a value of 3

START

INPUT
V,W,X,Y,Z

IS Yes
V = 0? END

A ← V2 + W3 + X4 + Y5

B ← A MOD 11

Yes IS
OUTPUT
"Valid" B = Z?

OUTPUT
"Invalid"

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20

(a) Complete the trace table for this set of input data:
5, 4, 6, 2, 1, 9, 3, 2, 1, 6, 7, 6, 1, 5, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

V W X Y Z A B OUTPUT

[4]

(b) Describe the purpose of this flowchart.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20 [Turn over

5 A database table, AIRLINE, stores data used to compare airlines.

Number of Number of Head office Share price

Code Airline name
employees countries
FJ FastJet 60000 30 Europe 514.50
MA MurphyAir 35000 8 Europe 152.67
JS JetSeven 45000 22 Asia 257.44
K3 Koala3 22000 11 Australia 501.21
NS NorthState 30000 4 America 108.22
SS SouthState 30000 4 America 126.35
BJ BlueJet 15000 7 Africa 215.45
SK SkyKing 32000 27 Europe 506.12
PF PandaFly 50000 35 Asia 317.88

(a) State how many fields and how many records are shown in the AIRLINE table.

Number of Fields ......................................................................................................................

Number of Records ..................................................................................................................

[2]

(b) Show the output that would be given by this query-by-example.

Field: Airline name Number of employees Head office Share price

Table: AIRLINE AIRLINE AIRLINE AIRLINE
Sort:

Show: 3 3
Criteria: < 35000 > 500.00
or:

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20

(c) Complete the query-by-example grid to find every airline with a head office in Asia or Africa,
and number of countries greater than 4. Only show the airline name and number of countries.

Field:

Table:
Sort:

Show:
Criteria:
or:

[4]

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20

BLANK PAGE

© UCLES 2020 0478/21/O/N/20

Cambridge IGCSE™

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/21

Paper 2 October/November 2020
MARK SCHEME
Maximum Mark: 50

Published

Mark schemes should be read in conjunction with the question paper and the Principal Examiner Report for
Teachers.

Cambridge International will not enter into discussions about these mark schemes.

Cambridge International is publishing the mark schemes for the October/November 2020 series for most
Cambridge IGCSE™, Cambridge International A and AS Level and Cambridge Pre-U components, and some
Cambridge O Level components.

This document consists of 6 printed pages.

© UCLES 2020 [Turn over

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2020

Generic Marking Principles

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1:

Marks must be awarded in line with:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2:

Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions).

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3:

Marks must be awarded positively:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 4:

Rules must be applied consistently, e.g. in situations where candidates have not followed
instructions or in the application of generic level descriptors.

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 5:

GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 6:

Marks awarded are based solely on the requirements as defined in the mark scheme. Marks should
not be awarded with grade thresholds or grade descriptors in mind.

© UCLES 2020 Page 2 of 6

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2020

Question Answer Marks

Section A

1(a) For one array 3

One mark for naming of an array with a suitable data type and one mark for
its use

Array yearsWithoutClaim
Data type integer
Use to store the % discount

Many correct answers, this is an example only.

1(b) For each validation check 4

One mark for identification of a check and one mark for the reason max 4

Check presence check

Reason need to enter age to calculate price

Check type check

Reason need to check age is a positive integer

Many correct answers, these are examples only.

1(c) Any six from: 6

MP1 Input with prompt if new customer
MP2 Check age greater than or equal 26
MP3 Check age less than or equal 70
MP4 Check number of years without a claim greater than or equal to 2 …
MP5 … discount 10%
MP6 Otherwise discount 0%
MP7 Calculate new price and value of extra discount
MP8 Output new price and value of extra discount, with suitable message

Sample answer
PRINT "Are you a new customer Y/N?"
INPUT new
discount ← 0
IF new = "Y" DO
IF age >= 26 AND age <= 70
THEN
IF yearsWithoutClaim >=2
THEN
discount ← price * 0.1
price ← price * 0.9
ENDIF
ENDIF
PRINT "New price", price
PRINT "Extra discount for new customer", discount
ENDIF

© UCLES 2020 Page 3 of 6

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2020

Question Answer Marks

1(d)(i) Explanation 4
Any four from:
MP1 Provide a prompt and input to check if additional driver required
MP2 Check response with IF/REPEAT/WHILE/CASE statement for yes
MP3 … input age of additional driver
MP4 … Use of IF / REPEAT etc. to validate age
MP5 … use the age input to find / look up appropriate price increase
MP6 … description of how the price to pay now is calculated
MP7 … description of how the price to pay now is displayed including the use
of a suitable message
For no
MP8 … no output required or suitable message output

Programming statements can be used but must be explained.

1(d)(ii) Description 3
Any three from:
MP1 Use a variable (quotes) to keep a running total of the number of quotes
provided
MP2 Ask, using prompt with input, customers if they are going to purchase
the insurance
MP3 Use another variable (policies) to keep a running total of the number of
insurances bought / not bought
MP4 Use these to calculate the percentage policies/quotes*100

Question Answer Marks

Section B

2 One mark for description of variable 4

One mark for description of constant
One mark for inclusion of an example variable
One mark for inclusion of an example constant

Example answer:
A value that can change during the execution of a program
A named value that cannot change during the execution of a program
Variable example - using a counter for example counter ← counter + 1
Constant example – a static value that can be used for checking for example
< maxAge

Question Answer Marks

3(a) Line 1/2/3/4/8/9 4

Lines 5–11
Line 9
Line 8

© UCLES 2020 Page 4 of 6

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2020

Question Answer Marks

3(b) One mark for error and correction 4

Line 1 TotalWeight ← 0
Line 10 move OUTPUT "Number of bags in the load is ",
BagCount to end / after line 11
Line 11 UNTIL TotalWeight > MaxWeight OR BagCount >= MaxBag
Line 12 OUTPUT "Total weight of the load is ", TotalWeight

3(c) Any four from: 4

After line 11
Divide TotalWeight by
… BagCount
Assign a new variable AverageWeight ← TotalWeight / BagCount
Output the result OUTPUT AverageWeight
With a message "Average weight of a bag of firewood is "

Question Answer Marks

4(a) One mark for correct input columns (V, W, X, Y, Z) 4

One mark for correct calculation column A
One mark for correct calculation column B
One mark for correct output column

V W X Y Z A B OUTPUT

5 4 6 2 1 56 1 Valid

9 3 2 1 6 40 7 Invalid

7 6 1 5 1 61 6 Invalid

0 0 0 0 0

4(b) • (Use first four digits input to) calculate a check digit 2
• Check if the check digit input is valid

Question Answer Marks

5(a) 6 fields 2
9 records

5(b) Either mark by row or by column but not both 2

One each correct row or one mark for each correct column max two
Koala3 Australia
SkyKing Europe

© UCLES 2020 Page 5 of 6

0478/21 Cambridge IGCSE – Mark Scheme October/November
PUBLISHED 2020

Question Answer Marks

5(c) 4
Field: Airline name Number of Head office
countries

Table: AIRLINE AIRLINE AIRLINE

Sort:

Show:    

Criteria: >4 ="Asia"

or: >4 ="Africa"

one mark for correct fields and correct table names, must have the three
columns required, ignore another column provided the show row is not ticked
and there are no criteria set for that column
one mark for correct show row
one mark for correct number of countries criteria
one mark for correct head office criteria

© UCLES 2020 Page 6 of 6

Cambridge IGCSE™
* 1 1 2 9 1 3 8 4 5 2 *

COMPUTER SCIENCE 0478/22

Paper 2 Problem-solving and Programming October/November 2020

1 hour 45 minutes

You must answer on the question paper.

No additional materials are needed.

This document has 12 pages. Blank pages are indicated.

DC (ST) 185711/3
© UCLES 2020 [Turn over
2

An online computer shop sells customised personal computers. Every computer sold includes a basic set of
components costing $200 and additional items can be added from the table:
Category Item code Description Price ($)
Case A1 Compact 75.00
Case A2 Tower 150.00
RAM B1 8 GB 79.99
RAM B2 16 GB 149.99
RAM B3 32 GB 299.99
Main Hard Disk Drive C1 1 TB HDD 49.99
Main Hard Disk Drive C2 2 TB HDD 89.99
Main Hard Disk Drive C3 4 TB HDD 129.99
Solid State Drive D1 240 GB SSD 59.99
Solid State Drive D2 480 GB SSD 119.99
Second Hard Disk Drive E1 1 TB HDD 49.99
Second Hard Disk Drive E2 2 TB HDD 89.99
Second Hard Disk Drive E3 4 TB HDD 129.99
Optical Drive F1 DVD/Blu-Ray Player 50.00
Optical Drive F2 DVD/Blu-Ray Re-writer 100.00
Operating System G1 Standard Version 100.00
Operating System G2 Professional Version 175.00
As well as the basic set of components every computer must include one case, one RAM and one Main Hard
Disk Drive from the table.
A computer is supplied with or without an Operating System.
Write and test a program or programs for the online computer shop.
• Your program or programs must include appropriate prompts for the entry of data; data must be validated
on entry.
• Error messages and other output need to be set out clearly and understandably.
• All arrays, variables, constants and other identifiers must have meaningful names.
You will need to complete these three tasks. Each task must be fully tested.
Task 1 – Setting up the system and ordering the main items.
Write a program to:
• use arrays to store the item code, description and price
• allow a customer to choose one case, one RAM and one Main Hard Disk Drive
• calculate the price of the computer using the cost of the chosen items and the basic set of components
• store and output the chosen items and the price of the computer.
Task 2 – Ordering additional items.
Extend TASK 1 to:
• allow a customer to choose whether to purchase any items from the other categories – if so, which
item(s)
• update the price of the computer
• store and output the additional items and the new price of the computer.
Task 3 – Offering discounts.
Extend TASK 2 to:
• apply a 5% discount to the price of the computer if the customer has bought only one additional item
• apply a 10% discount to the price of the computer if the customer has bought two or more additional
items
• output the amount of money saved and the new price of the computer after the discount.
© UCLES 2020 0478/22/O/N/20
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