Lesson 1: The Sexual Self

1. PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT - the beginning of adolescence is marked by rapid physical changes, including
a. Maturation of Reproductive System
b. Development of different sex characteristics

SEX CHARACTERISTICS

1. Primary Sex Characteristics - physical characteristics that are present at birth.

• In women this characteristics include the vagina, uterus, and ovaries.

• Male primary somatic sexual characteristics are the penis and scrotum, all of which allow a male to make and deliver sperm.

2. Secondary Sex Characteristics- are features that appears during puberty in human.

• Secondary Sex Characteristics include enlarged breasts and widened hips of females, facial hair and adam's apple and pubic
hair on both.

Hormones- are your body's chemical messenger. They travel in your bloodstream to tissues or organs. They work slowly over
time and affect many different processes including:
✓ Growth and Development
✓ Metabolism- how your body gets energy from the foods you eat.
✓ Sexual Function
✓ Reproduction mode

TYPES OF HORMONES

1. Testosterone- is the primary sex hormone and anabolic steroids in males. In humans, testosterone play a key role in the
development of male reproductive tissues such as testes and prostate as well as promoting secondary sex characteristics such
as increased muscle and bones mass and the growth of the hair.

2. Estrogen or Oestrogen- is a category of sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of female reproductive
system and secondary sex characteristics

3. Progesterone- is an endogenous steroid and progesterone sex hormone involved in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and
embryogenesis of humans and other species.

POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS)

- Hormonal Disorder common among women of reproductive.

- Women with PCOS may have infrequent or prolonged menstrual period or exces male hormones (Androgen Level).

The Reproductive System- of an organism also known as the genital system, is the biological system made up of all the
anatomical organs involved in sexual reproduction.

Male Reproductive System

- testis ( which produces sperms)
- penis
- epididymis
- vas deferens
- ejaculatory ducts
- urethra
Female Reproductive System
- ovaries (which produces eggs or oocytes)
- fallopian tube
- uterus
- cervix
- vagina
- vulva
What Turns People On?
> Human Sexual Arousal maybe produced hy direct stimulation of the body's erogenous zones.
> According to Freud, erogenous zones are areas of the body that provides pleasure

Erogenous Zones
1. Genitals
2. Mouth
3. Breasts
4. Ears
5. Anus
6. to lesser degree, the entire surface of the body

✓ One of the most basic sexual stimulation is masturbation or self stimulation that causes sexual pleasure and orgasm.
✓ Other sexual activities such as intimite kissing, cuddling, necking, petting or touching the erogenous zones maybe uniquely
important for sex arousal
✓ In on sense, the brain is where sexual desire originates and where sexual behavior is controlled.
✓ William Masters and Virginia Johnson used the term sexual-response-cycle to describe the changes that occurs in the body
as men and women become sexually aroused.

Sexual Response Cycle

1. Excitement Phase
✓ Beginning of sexual arousal
✓ Can last for 1 minute or several hours
✓ Pulse rate increases, blood pressure rises, breathing quickens and skin shows rosy flush particularly on the chests and the
breats area during this phase.
✓ Nipples hardened and erect, the skin of the scrotum thickens and the testes increase in size.
✓ In women, the citors swells, the lip of the vagina open, and the inside of the vagina moistens in preparation of sexual
intercourse
2. Plateau Phase
✓ The changes begun in the first phase get more intense
✓ The vagina continues to swell from increased blood flow, and the vaginal walls turn a darker color
✓ The women clitoris becomes highly sensitive (may even be painful to touch)
✓ The man's testicles are withdrawn up into the scrotum
✓ Breathing heart rate and blood pressure continue to increase
✓ Muscle spasms may begin in the feet, face, and hands
✓ Tension in the muscle increases.
3. Orgasm
✓ This phase is the climax of the sexual response cycle. It's the shortest of the phases and generally lasts only a few seconds.
✓ In women, the muscle of the vagina contract. The uterus may also undergo rhythmic contructions.
✓ In men, rhythmic contractions of the muscles at the base of the penis result in the ejaculation of semen.
✓ A rash or "sex flash" may appear over the entire body.

4. Resolution

✓ During this phase, the body slowly returns to its normal level of functioning and swelled and erect body parts return to their
previous size and color. This phase is marked in some by general sense of well-being and often fatigue. Some women are
capable of rapid return to the orgams phase with further sexual stimulation and may experience multiple orgasm. Me typically
need recovery time after orgasm, called a refractory period, during which they cannot reach another orgasm again. The
duration of the refractory period varies among individual and changes with age.
 LESSON 2: Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity

Sex Versus Gender

Sex
• Primary refers to the physical attribute body characteristics notably sex organs which are distinct in the majority of individuals
• Male and Female
• Is biologically determine by genes and hormones
• Is relatively fixed or constant through time across culture

Gender

• Is the composite attitude of men and women

• Masculinity and feminity

• is leaned and preputed primarily through, the family, education, religion ( where dominant) and is acquired identity.

• Because it is socialized it may be variable through time and across culture

SEXUAL ORIENTATION- refers to a persons sexual and romantic interests to either of the people of the opposite sex or of
people with the same sex.
HETEROSEXUAL- refers to a sexual and romantic interests to either of the people to opposite sex.
HOMOSEXUAL- refers to and interests to either of the people of opposite sex.
Three Kind of Homosexuality
1. Lesbian
2. Gay
3. Bisexual

Gender Identity
- refers to a person's internal feelings of being a women, man, both, or neither.
- can be express in many ways; through our clothes, speech, activities, hobbies and our behaviour.
- Its ok for any of these things to change at different times, or in different situations, depending on what you feels comfortable.

• Cisgender or simply cis, is and adjective that describe someone whose genders aligns with the sex they were assigned at birth.
• Transgender or simply trans is an adjective used to describe someone whose gender identity differs from the sex assigned at
birth. A transgender man, for example, is someone who was listed as female at birth but whose gender identity is male.
• Nonbinary is the term that can be used by people who do not describe themselves or their genders as fitting into the
categories of man or woman. A range of terms are used to refer to these experiences, nonbinary and genderqueer are among
the terms that are sometimes used.
• Agender is an adjective that can describe a person who does not identify as any gender.

TRIANGULAR THEORY OF LOVE

Robert Sternberg- American Psychologist known for his theories on love intelligence, and creativity.

3 COMPONENTS OF LOVE
1. Passion- refers to the diverse that lead to romance, physical attraction, and sexual consummation.
2. INTIMACY- refers to the feeling of closeness, connectedness and bondedness .
3. COMMITMENT- refers to the decision to love and the commitment to maintain the love.

Non-love - refers to the absence of the three components.

Liking/Friendship- set of feelings on experiences without the intense of feeling of passion or commitment in the romantic love.
Infatuation- this is the most common root of romantic love, as it believed that intimacy develops overtime.
Empty Love- characteristized by the absence of pasion and intimacy despite the presence of commitment.
Romantic Love- lover's who under this category are said not only be drawn and bonded physically but emotionally.
Companionate Love- this stronger than friendship form because of the element of the commitment. It can be observed in long
term marriage.
Fatuos Love- a whirlwind courtship and marriage in which a commitment is largely by passion, without the stabilizing influence
of intimacy.
Consummate Love- this type of love sits at very center of triangle, because this is said to be perfect and ideal type of love.