Experiment 03 Grade: 8th and 9th Date: 27th September’24
Aim: To carry out the reaction of Zinc with dilute sulphuric acid and classify it as physical
or chemical changes and it is displacement reaction.
Materials Required: Zinc granules, dil. Sulphuric Acid, Clamp Stand, Boiling Tube, Cork
fixed with a fine capillary tube.
Theory: Zinc, being more reactive or being higher up in the reactivity series than
hydrogen, displaces hydrogen from dilute acids.
Procedure
1. Take 5mL of dilute sulphuric acid solution in a test tube.
2. Add zinc granules to it in such a way that zinc pieces are completely immersed in them.
3. Immediately, fix a cork having a delivery tube with a fine jet, on the mouth of the test
tube.
4. Bring a burning matchstick near the mouth of the fine jet.
Observation
1. A brisk reaction can be observed and gas bubbles come out.
2. The gas coming out of the jet burns instantaneously with a pop sound or a small explosion
which confirms the presence of hydrogen gas.
Result
1. Zinc reacts with dilute sulphuric acid to produce hydrogen gas and zinc sulphate.
Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
2. Hydrogen gas burns with a pop sound.
3. It is a type of displacement reaction of a non-metal by a metal.
4. The reaction is an example of chemical change.
Precautions
1. Use caution when handling the chemicals.
2. Do not inhale the emitted gas.
3. To test hydrogen gas, use a small jet, as hydrogen gas burns instantly with an explosion.
Experiment 03 Grade: 8th and 9th Date: 27th September’24
Aim: To carry out the reaction between Copper sulphate solution and Iron nail to study
displacement reaction.
Materials Required: Iron nails, Copper Sulphate solution, Test Tube, Clamp Stand,
Sandpaper.
Theory: The colour of pure iron is greyish. Pure copper is a reddish-brown metal. The
presence of Cu2+ ions causes the aqueous C solution of copper sulphate to be blue. The
presence of Fe2+ ions causes the aqueous solution of ferrous sulphate to be pale green.
Since iron is more reactive than copper, it removes copper from its salt solution.
Procedure
1. Clean an iron nail by rubbing it with sandpaper until it is greyish.
2. Separate two test tubes and label them A and B. Add 10 mL of freshly prepared copper
sulphate solution to each test tube and secure these test tubes in two separate clamp stands.
3. Thread the nail and hang it in test tube B. It is important to ensure that the iron nail is
completely immersed in CuS04 solution. Tie the other end of the thread to the stand.
4. Keep the other iron nail on a piece of white paper.
5. Leave the setup alone for a while.
6. Take the nail out of the solution and place it along the side of the second iron nail on the
sheet of paper.
7. Record your observations.
Observations
1. The brown coating on the iron nail indicates that copper is deposited on the iron nail as a
result of iron displacement.
2. The colour of the blue colour copper sulphate solution changes to green.
3. The greenish colour of the solution in the test tube indicates the presence of Fe2+ ions in
the solution.
4. This is a single displacement reaction in which copper is displaced by iron from copper
sulphate solution, resulting in the formation of a new compound, ferrous sulphate.
5. A chemical change occurs as a result of the reaction.
Results: This is an example of a single displacement reaction, where iron displaces copper
from the copper sulfate solution to form ferrous sulfate.
Fe + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu ↓
Precautions:
1. Clean iron nails by rubbing with sandpaper.
2. Copper sulphate solution is poisonous, so use caution when handling it.
3. The test tubes should not be touched or disturbed during the experiment.
4. After completing the experiment, the copper-coated iron nail should not be touched.
