Verbs

A verb is a doing word

And also

A verb can be defined as word that denotes \represents an action.

Types \categories of verbs.

Action verbs \dynamic verbs

Linking verbs \copular verbs

Helping verbs \Auxiliary verbs

Regular verbs

Irregular verbs modal verbs

Transitive verbs

Intransitive verbs

Movement verbs

Emotional verbs

Work \task verbs

Stative verbs

Communication verbs

These categories \type of verbs verbs are defined as follows

1.Action \dynamic verbs

These are verbs that express physical and mental situation for example think, run.

2. Linking \copular verbs

These are verbs that connects the subject to additional information.

For example, fill, be, seem, appear.

Linking \copular verbs can also be defined as verbs that describe Sense.

For example, feel, smell, look, test, become

3. Helping verbs \auxiliary verbs

These are verbs that form tense, mood, or voice of another verb.

For example,

will

Can

Shall

May

Must

Ought to

might

4. Transitive verbs

These are verbs that Express actions received by an object.

For example:
Threw the ball

5. Regular verbs

• These are verbs that follow a predictable pattern when forming their past tense and
past participle tense.
For example,

Walk walking walked walked

Present tense Present continuous Past tense Past participle

tense
1. Walk Walking Walked walked
2.fear Fearing feared feared

6. IRREGULAR VERBS

These are the verbs that do not need “ed” at the end in the past tense in the past participle
tense

for example,

Present tense Present Past tense Past participle

continues tense tense
catch Catching caught caught
buy Buying Bought bought
 8.modal verbs
Examples of modal verbs
Will
Certain prediction or promise
Would
Request, invitation, marking arrangements.
May
Permission of future possibility
Might
Present or future possibility
Can
Ability or request
Could
past ability or suggestion future possibility
Must
Necessary or obligation

Ought to

What's right and correct

Shall

Offer or suggestion

Should

Advise or a certain prediction.

5. Action verbs

Run

Jump

Read

Write

Think

Learn

Play
eat

drink

sleep

6. Other common verbs include:

Be

Have

Take

Give

Find

Lose

Need

Want

Can.

Verbs verbs are subjects to consideration of tense.

Tense

By tenses we mean that form of the verb which is used to indicate the time of the action.

There are three main divisions of time and these are : past

Present

Future

For example,

I laughed [past tense]

I laugh [present tense]

I shall laugh [future tense]

They are sub-divided to show the completeness or incompleteness over the state or action
at the time.
As follows.

[Notice such uses “They shall not steal”etc

Imperative. for example [drive]

Past - i drove

Past continuous– I was driving

Past perfect - I have driven

Past perfect continuous – I had been driving

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Examples under the following types of verbs.

1. Communication verbs

Speak

Listen

Talk

Discuss

Share

Tell

Ask

Answer

Call

Text

2.movement verbs

Go

Come

Walk

Drive

Ride

Fly

Swim

Run

Jump

Climb.
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Emotional verbs

Love

Hate

Like

Dislike

Enjoy

Suffer

Feel

Laugh

Cry

Smile

4.work \task verbs

Work.

Study

Create

Build

Create

Build

Make

Do

finish

Start

Continue

Stop.
Action verbs

run

jump

read

write

learnt

play

eat

drink

sleep

other common verbs include:

be

have

take

lose

use

need

want

can
Verb tense

These verbs are a subject to coordination of tense

Tense

By tense we main form of the verb which is used to indicate the time of the action.

There three main divisions of the time and these are past present future

For examples

Laughed (past tense)

Laugh (present tense)

I shall laugh (future tense)

They are subdivided to show the completeness or incompleteness of state or action at the
time as follows.

NB.

such uses like “they shall not steal”e.t.c

IMPERATIVE

Past

Past continuous

Past perfect

Past perfect continues

Present – I drive

Present continue – am driving

Present perfect – I have driven

Present perfect continuous -I have been driving

Future - I shall

Future perfect continuous – I shall have been driving.

According to the changes inform of principles parts a verb may fall under nine of two
conjugations, weak or stronger conjugation these are various changes under gone by a verb
in order to show its noise, mood, tense and its concord

Weak verbs are those which form the past participle and past tense by adding “ed” “d” or
“t” to present.

Examples of weak verbs

“Ed”

Kill- killed

Walk – walked

Learn – learned

“d”

They change vowels and add “d”

Sell- sold

Walk – walked

Learn – learned
”T”

Learn – learnt

Bend -bent

Sweep – swept

Sleep – slept

NB; Verbs that end with “d” or t in the present and don’t change at all for the past participle
and past tense such as cost.

Strong verbs are those which form a past participle by achage of vowel and do not tak “ed”
“d” or “t” to present.

And at the same time form past participle by addition of “en” or “n”

Examples of string verbs that change vowels and add “d” “ed” or “t”

Examples of strong Verbs that change vowels and take “Ed” “d” or “T”

Present. Past past participle

Write - wrote - written

Swim - swam - swim

Bid - bade - bidden.

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Please that add “en” or “n” to form past tense or past participle.

Present past , past participle

Bid. Bade , bidden

Swear swore, sworn

Wear wore, worn

NB [1]. There a weak verbs which they merely shorten the vowel e.g Breed – bred – bred

NB[2] These are also weak Viber’s that change the vow past tense .

Examples are the following.

Present. Past past participle

Teach taught taught

Catch. Caught. caught

Think. Thought. Thought

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When do we use verbs.

Verbs are used in the following circumstances

On commanding it can be used as one for example jump

On asking for example sit, wait, com

Verbs can be used in all tenses for example while explaining the doer’s action in the
present, past, present past participle, future tense and so on.

We also use verbs while describing moods for example she seems to be happy.

We can also use verbs in a sentence to be describe actions.

We can use helping verbs after a person or a name.

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Verbs moods

Indicative verbs moods

Subjunctive verb moods

Conditional verbs moods

Jussive verbs moods

Optative verbs moods.

Indicative verbs moods:

These verbs moods state facts, ask questions or describe real situations.

For example, she eats breakfast

imperative verbs. These are used on giving command.

Foe example come out!

Subjunctive verbs moods

These are useful in expressing situation

For example I wish you were here.

Conditional verb moods .

These are useful in doubtful situations uncertain conditions .

Under the conditional verbs moods we have the first, second and third conditional
according to the clause’s which are also the first second, third.
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For example [will \shall]

1st – if it rains I will stay home

2nd - I would stay home if it rained

3rd – if it has rained I would have stayed home .

So we have used the following

1st conditional will

2nd conditional would

3rd conditional would have

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Present – I drive

Present continue – am driving

Present perfect – I have driven

Present perfect continuous -I have been driving

Future - I shall

Future perfect continuous – I shall have been driving.

According to the changes inform of principles parts a verb may fall under nine of two
conjugations, weak or stronger conjugation these are various changes under gone by averb
inovrder to show its noise, mood, tense and its concord

Weak verbs are those which form the past participle and past tense by adding “ed” “d” or
“t” to present.

Examples of weak verbs

“Ed”

Kill- killed

Walk – walked

Learn – learned
“d”

They change vowels and add “d”

Sell- sold

Walk – walked

Learn – learned