As per IEGC for AVR:
All generating units shall normally have their automatic voltage regulators (AVRs) in operation. In
particular, if a generating unit of over fifty (50) MW size is required to be operated without its AVR in
service, the RLDC shall be immediately intimated about the reason and duration, and its permission
obtained. Power System Stabilizers (PSS) in AVRs of generating units (wherever provided), shall be
got properly tuned by the respective generating unit owner as per a plan prepared for the purpose
by the CTU/RPC from time to time. CTU /RPC will be allowed to carry out checking of PSS and further
tuning it, wherever considered necessary.
Exciter Performance (AVR Performance):
Response Time: <= 0.05 sec
Time required to AVR to match it’s set points.
Positive ceiling Voltage: 2 pu
Ceiling voltage represents performance/response of the AVR during sudden voltage drop or shoot up
due to sudden load through off or sudden load increase.
Response Ratio: 4
Stator Voltage Ranges:
Automatic mode: 80% to 100% Van
Manual mode: 30% to 110% Van
Accuracy: <= +or- 0.2% Van
Dead band: 0% Van
AVR Functionalities:
Switch on other channel
Emergency switch over to manual
Under excitation limiter in operation
Over excitation limiter in operation
Stator current limiter in operation
Diode supervision fault detected (for brushless)
Ceiling current for >10s
V/Hz limiter in operation
Cos phi controller generator on
Converter Power withstand limits:
Max. Voltage: 140%
Min. Voltage: 30%
Max Frequency: 150%
Min Frequency: 50%
Delta f/ Delta t: 20%
AVR failure causes Loss field to the Generator. MHO Relay is used to find out the field failure
Causes for Loss of Field:
The excitation f the generator is may be completely of partially removed through such incidents as
accidental tripping of a field breaker,
Field open circuit,
Field short circuit (Flashover at slip-ring housing or any actual short in the field winding
Voltage regulation system failure (AVR Failure)
Loss of supply to excitation system (Excitation transformer failure or any other reason)
Trip: It trips the Generator Breaker and Field breaker
