Retest in Science 4

Directions: Read and analyze each question carefully. Shade the letter of the correct answer on the machine-scored
answer sheet provided.

1. Which of the following best describes force?

a. It is anything which is capable of changing the state of motion or rest of a body.
b. It is anything that occupies a space and has mass and volume.
c. It is a device that is used to measure forces and to weigh bodies.
d. Is a change of position of a body over time with respect to a reference point.

2. At the start of a football game, a footballer kicks a ball placed in the middle of the field to move the
ball. What is the effect of force on the object?
a. Change the direction of a moving object. c. Make a moving object stop.
b. Make a moving object move slower. d. Make a stationary object move.

3. Which of the following best determines the net force when more than one force is acting on an object?
a. A combination of all motions of an object.
b. A combination of all motions of an object in two directions.
c. A combination of all forces acting on an object.
d. A combination of forces acting on an object in two directions.

4. Nara’s mother asked her to help move some items from the hall closet to the garage. One item she
wanted to move was a large box of old school books. Nara tried to lift the box, but could not pick it up.
What force was Nara NOT able to overcome?
a. frictional force b. gravitational force c. electrical force d. magnetic force

5. Force, velocity and acceleration are vector quantities. Which statement describes a vector quantity?
a. It has magnitude but no direction c. It has direction but no magnitude
b. It has both direction and magnitude d. It has constant magnitude but no direction

6. Which of the following statements best describes the difference between distance and displacement?
a. Distance is a scalar quantity, representing the total path length traveled, while displacement is a vector
quantity, representing the change in position from the initial to the final point.
b. Distance and displacement are identical concepts, both measuring the total path length covered during
motion.
c. Distance is the straight-line measurement between two points, while displacement considers the entire
path taken.
d. Displacement is always greater than distance in any given motion scenario.

7. Ray runs 30 m north, 30 m west, and then 30 m south. What is the distance he covered on his trip?
a. 30 m west b. 90 m c. 30 m south d. 0 m

8. Pleng is swimming laps from one end of a 50-meter pool to the other. Going from one end to the other
is considered one lap. If she swims four complete laps, which statement is TRUE?
a. Her distance and displacement are both zero.
b. Her distance is zero, but her displacement is 200 meters.
c. Her distance is 200 meters, but her displacement is zero.
d. Her distance and displacement are both 200 meters.

9. Jack and Jump are pulling a wagon, the force exerted by Jack is 45N and the force exerted by Jump is
12N. If they are pulling on the same direction, what is the net force?
a. 540N b. 3.75N c. 33N d. 57N

10. In a tug of war, the left team pulls with a force of 200N. The right team pulls with a force of
150N.What is the resultant force?
a. 50N to the left. b. 350N to the left. c. 350N to the right. d. 50N to the right.

11. Which of the following is correct about resultant force or net force?
a. It acts opposite to an object’s motion.
b. It is the sum of all forces that act on an object.
c. It rotates an object around a center point.
d. It is a force exerted on a rope to pull objects tied to its end.

12. How does an object at rest behave when the resultant force of all forces that act on it is not zero?
a. It moves in the same direction as the bigger force.
b. It moves perpendicular to the bigger force.
c. It moves opposite to the bigger force.
d. It remains at rest because the resultant force does not affect its motion.

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 13. Which of the following statements are incorrect?
I. Speed is a vector quantity. III. Speed has magnitude but no direction.
II. Velocity is a scalar quantity. IV. Velocity has both magnitude and direction.
a. I and II b. I and III c. III and IV d. I and IV

14. Which of the following always causes change in speed, direction, or both?
a. balanced forces c. unbalanced forces
b. either balanced or unbalanced forces d. any combination of forces

15. Which statement is true about velocity?

a. must have measurement of speed c. must have a measurement of speed and direction
b. must have only direction d. has neither a measurement of speed or direction

16. When a car goes around a corner at 20 mph, why do we say it accelerates?
a. The car is accelerating because of the velocity is constant.
b. The car accelerates because it's going 20 mph.
c. Cars always accelerate when they are in motion.
d. The car is accelerating because it's changing direction.

17. An object was moving at constant velocity. If a force is applied to pull the object in the same direction
it is moving, which of the following will happen?
a. The object will slow down. c. The object will speed up.
b. The object will change its shape. d. The object will slow down until it stops moving.

18. A box sliding down an inclined plane attains a velocity of 27 m/s in 3 seconds from rest. Find the
acceleration.
a. 30 m/s b. 24 m/s2 c. 9 m/s2 d. 81 km/hr

19. How does friction affect speed?

a. more friction decreases speed c. more friction increases speed
b. less friction decreases speed d. less friction doesn't affect speed

20. How would a car behave on a frictionless surface when the brakes are applied?
a. The car would stop instantly c. The car would skid uncontrollably.
b. The car's speed would gradually decrease. d. The car's speed would increase.

21. Which of the following is an example of friction that is helpful?

a. Brakes used on a bike. c. Tires from a car on the road.
b. Tread on the bottom of your shoes. d. All are examples that are helpful.

22. Which would NOT be a way of reducing friction?

a. making the surfaces smoother
b. using lubricants such as waxes, oils, or grease
c. changing from sliding friction to rolling friction using ball bearings
d. making the surface rougher

23. Which of the following in correct about friction?

a. Friction acts in the same direction as the force that causes object to move.
b. Friction is strongest when an object moves at its highest velocity.
c. Friction acts opposite to the force that causes an object to move.
d. All of the above.

24. The diagram below shows, to the same scale, the vertical sections of a set of circular vessels, each
containing the same depth of water. Which of the following statements is correct about the pressure
exerted by the water on the base of each vessel?

a. The water exerts the same pressure on the base of each vessel.
b. The water exerts the greatest pressure on the base of vessel S.
c. The water exerts the greatest pressure on the base of vessel P.
d. The water exerts the same force on the base of each vessel.

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 25. Diagram shows the design of a dam. Why does the thickness of the dam increase with its depth?

a. The design of this structure is stronger. c. Water pressure increases with depth.
b. The cost of construction is lower. d. Water pressure acts uniformly in all directions.

26. Sedimentary rocks are changed to sediments by _______________.

a. weathering and erosion c. cementation
b. compaction d. heat and pressure
27. Igneous rocks form from ________ when it cools.
a. magma c. neither a nor b
b. lava d. both a and b
28. Why do petrologist study rocks?
a. To learn about how the Earth's surface has changed over time.
b. For finding important stuff like minerals and fuels in the ground.
c. To keep an eye on changes in nature and figure out if there are any dangers.
d. All of the above.
29. Which of the following lists the steps an igneous rock undergoes in order to become a sedimentary
rock, in the correct order?
a. deposition, erosion, melting, cooling, and compaction
b. erosion, weathering, eruption, cooling and melting
c. dissolving, deposition, cooling, and cementation
d. weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction and cementation
30. Geologists have classified rocks into three major groups of rocks which are __________________.
a. inorganic, organic and chemical c. igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic
b. metamorphic, chemical and non-chemical d. sedimentary, inorganic and igneous

31. Fossils (the remains or impressions of prehistoric organisms preserved in petrified form or as molds or
casts) are found in ___________ rocks only.
a. Igneous b. Metamorphic c. Sedimentary d. Iron Oxide
32. Identify the statement that does not accurately represent the sequence in the rock cycle:
a. Igneous rocks form through the process of melting, resulting in magma.
b. Sedimentary rocks develop through sediment compaction and cementation.
c. Metamorphic rocks are formed by the application of heat and pressure.
d. Magma solidifies through cooling, forming igneous rocks.
33. This type of igneous rock was formed when magma cooled very slowly inside the Earth. What specific
type of rock is it?
a. Intrusive Igneous Rock c. Extrusive Igneous Rock
b. Metamorphic Rock d. Sedimentary Rock
34. When plants, animals, and other organisms die, they break down and become part of the soil. What is
this part of the soil called?
a. sand b. silt c. clay d. humus
35. Many plants cannot grow in sandy soil. Why is this true?
a. Sandy soil does not hold/retain enough water. c. Air cannot pass through sandy soil.
b. Roots cannot easily push through sandy soil. d. Sandy soil has too many nutrients.
36. One component of soil is decayed plant and animal remains, but the major component of soil is
__________.
a. fossil fuels b. weathered rocks c. gas d. salt water
37. Which of the following provides an explanation for why loam soil is suitable for farming?
a. It can hold water and nutrients, and it allows air to pass through it.
b. It allows water and air to pass through it easily. However, it cannot hold water and nutrients.
c. It has less air space and can hold water well.
d. All of the above.

38. Soil is made of_______________.

a. weathered rocks and minerals c. dead plants and animals
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 b. air and water d. all of these

39. Which of the following explains how living organisms in the soil help to enhance its fertility and
ecosystem functions?
a. They are mainly involved in the decomposition processes and it helps in the effective absorption of
minerals by the plants.
b. Bacteria and fungi convert organic matter into nutrient forms that plants can absorb.
c. Earthworms and burrowing organisms improve soil for plant growth by enhancing structure, water flow,
and root penetration.
d. All of the above.

40. What does the term "soil horizon" refer to?

a. A layer of soil containing rocks and minerals.
b. The layer with leached minerals due to water percolation.
c. The vertical section of soil from surface to bedrock.
d. Different layers in the soil profile, each with unique features.

Questions 41-45 refer to the following diagram on the right:

41. Which soil horizon contains the most nutrients for plant growth?
a. O horizon c. A horizon
b. E horizon d. B horizon

42. Which soil horizon is considered parent material?

a. O horizon c. B horizon
b. R horizon d. C horizon

43. Which soil horizon is made up of hard rocks that are part of
Earth’s crust?
a. O horizon c. B horizon
b. R horizon d. C horizon

44. Which soil horizon is often referred to as topsoil and is important

for plant growth?
a. A horizon c. B horizon
b. O horizon d. C horizon

45. In which layer does water wash away minerals and nutrients from
the soil?
a. E horizon c. R horizon
b. O horizon d. C horizon

46. What role does water play as a natural resource?

a. It serves as a source of heat and energy. c. Water contributes to air composition.
b. It provides habitat for marine life. d. All of these.

47. Which of the following does not show a use of water in our daily lives?
a. Water serves as a habitat for other living organisms such as crabs, fish and other water organisms.
b. Some water sources such as seas, waterfalls and dams serve as tourist attractions and relaxation
spots.
c. Water serves as a cheap and reliable way to transport large quantities of goods compared to land
and air transport.
d. Water sometimes causes loss of life and property, and damages buildings, crops, and infrastructure

48. How do surface water and underground water differ?

a. Surface water is in oceans; underground water is in rivers.
b. Surface water is in lakes; underground water is in ponds.
c. Surface water is found in wetlands; underground water is in estuaries.
d. Surface water includes rivers and lakes; underground water is in aquifers and wells.

49. What does "renewable resources" mean?

a. Always available resources. c. Resources that can be used up.
b. Resources that can be replenished over time. d. Rare and precious resources.

50. Under what condition can a renewable resource become non-renewable?

a. When it is used responsibly.
b. When it is continuously replenished.
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c. When the rate of consumption exceeds the rate of replenishment.
d. When it is conserved for future generations.

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