UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye

Question no. 3
1. COLREG name?

Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 as amended

2. How many Parts & Annexes & Rules?

- 6 parts, 4 annexes and 41 Rules.

3. Colreg 72 apply to which ships?

All vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected there with navigable by seagoing vessels.

War ship upon the high seas and in all waters connected there with navigable by seagoing vessels.

Not comply SOLAS

Comply MARPOL

4. What are the consequences?

2 Consequences

(1) Consequences of neglect to comply with these Rules

(2) Consequences of neglect of precautions which may be required by ordinary practice of seamen or by
special circumstances of the case.

5. How to avoid consequences?

Comply with COLREG 72.

Comply with precautions which may be required by ordinary practice of seamen or by special
circumstances of the case.

6. Ordinary practice of seamen?

1. A vessel underway should keep clear of a vessel at anchor.

2. A vessel should not anchor too close to other anchored vessels.

3. In dense fog, a vessel without operational radar should not be underway at all but should anchor if safe
and practicable.

4. In tidal river, a vessel against the tide should wait until the other has passed.

5. Shallow water effects: squat & interaction must be taken into account.

i. Squat is more pronounced when the depth of water is less than 1½ times the draught. Shallow water Bold
alteration Bold alteration O/T vessel

ii. Bow cushion/ bank suction.

iii. Interaction between ships.

6 In urgent case before adoption by IMO, to compliance a new scheme or amendment, which a Government
may implement but still not be compulsory, considered as good seamanship to comply with Rule 10

7. When Rule 2 (b) apply (or) What is justifiable departure (or) When will you depart form COLREG 72 Rules?

- When meet

1|Page
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3
• Unavoidable danger of navigation (or) unavoidable danger of collision (or) both

• Special circumstances

• Immediate danger • The final result must be successful.

8. VCD?

The term 'vessel constrained by her draught' means a power-driven vessel which because of her draught in
relation to the available depth and width of navigable water, is severely restricted in her ability to deviate
from the course she is following.

9. VCD day and night signals?

A vessel constrained by her draught may, in addition to the lights prescribed for power-driven vessels in rule
23, exhibit where they can best be seen three all-round red lights in a vertical line, or a cylinder.

10. Day and night signal of towing vessel?

A power-driven vessel when towing shall exhibit:

Less than 50m in length and when the length of the tow shall not exceed 200m,

(i) two masthead lights in a vertical line

(ii) sidelights;

(iii) a stern light;

(iv) a towing light in a vertical line above the stern light;

Length 50m or more in length and when the length of the tow shall not exceed 200m,

(i) three masthead lights in a vertical line

(ii) sidelights;

(iii) a stern light;

(iv) a towing light in a vertical line above the stern light;

Length 50m or more in length and when the length of the tow shall exceed 200m,

(i) four masthead lights in a vertical line

(ii) sidelights;

(iii) a stern light;

(iv) a towing light in a vertical line above the stern light;

(v) when the length of the exceed 200m, a diamond shape forward and the object being where they can best
be seen.

11. Explain about shapes? (How many shape on the ship, is it possible distance between shapes is 1.7m.) (Cone
diameter? Height? Vertical spacing distance of shapes? Which vessel use this spacing?)

• Shapes shall be black and of the following sizes:

(i) a ball shall have a diameter of not less than 0.6 m.

2|Page
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3
(ii) a cone shall have a base diameter of not less than 0.6 m and a height equal to its diameter.

(iii) a cylinder shall have a diameter of at least 0.6 m and a height of twice its diameter.

(iv) A diamond shape shall consist of two cones having a common base.

• Yes. Because, the vertical distance between shapes shall be at least 1.5 m.

• Vessel of 20m or more in length use this spacing

12. A vessel riding on a cushion of air formed under it, not using force of buoyancy by it water displace. Eg,
hovercraft and hydrofoils.

Air-cushion vessels operating in non-displacement mode may have drift angle of as much as 45º due to wind
effect, so Rule 23(b) requires to exhibit an all-round flashing yellow light in addition to the lights for a PDV
underway.

13. full appraisal of the situation

- to pay attention to what is happening on his own vessel

- to check steering gear, autopilot or gyrocompass and other navigation equipment functioning

- to check the vessel keeping on correct course.

- to monitoring on crew working on deck

14. interference

- small craft not detected if interference is present;

- rain clutter less effect on 10 cm radar then 3 cm radar

- 10cm radar more suitable to use in rain;

15. passing at a safe distance

- it depends on the situation and regards as safe speed;

- the fact to be taken into account – other vessel may encounter engine or steering failure at any time.

16. possible delay factors must be known before making astern:

(i) loss of steerage way;

(ii) transverse effect may be off course of 90º or more;

(iii) strong wing effect due to pivot point shifted;

(iv) shallow water effect may become more pronounced;

17. crash stop from full speed – might be taking all way off

Take ship distance of 5L to 15L - vary with speed, displacement and types of engine, etc

18. Can you cross the narrow channel?

Can cross the narrow channel, if not to impede the passage of a vessel.

A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passage of a vessel.

19. Rule 9 (e) explain with model?

3|Page
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3
- This is NC, my vessel is intending to overtake and that vessel is the vessel to be overtaken.

- According to rule 9 (e), in a NC or fairway, overtaking can take place only if the vessel to be overtaken has to
take action to permit safe passing.

- I will check sufficient sea room, available depth of water, navigational hazards and traffic density on my port
side. If clear,

- According to Rule 34 (c)(i), I give 2 prolonged blasts followed by 2 short blasts. [ if possible, I will contact with
this vsl by VHF to clarify the situation ]

- The vessel to be overtaken will, if agree, reply with Rule 34 (c)(ii) 1 prolonged 1 short 1 prolonged 1 short in
that order and take steps to permit safe passing. If necessary, she may reduce speed.

- The vessel being overtaken, if in doubt, according to rule 34d, she give at least 5 short and rapid blast on her
whistle and at least 5 short and rapid flashes.

- This Rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her obligation under Rule 13.

20. How to join or leave the traffic lanes?

normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane, but when joining or leaving from either
side shall do so at as small an angle to the general direction of traffic flow as practicable.

How to measure small angle and right angle?

By measuring between ship’s heading and general direction of traffic flow

By measuring between ship’s heading and general direction of traffic flow

21. What does dashed outlined arrow mean?

Recommended direction of traffic flow

4|Page
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3

22. Vessel allowed entering into inshore traffic zone? Which rules state that?

(1) Vessel of less than 20m in length

(2) Sailing vessel

(3) Vessel engaged in fishing

(4) Vessel en route to or from a port, offshore installation or structure, pilot station or any other place
situated within the inshore traffic zone

(5) Vessel to avoid immediate danger in case of emergency

(6) Vessel exempted by rule 10 (k) or (l) - Rule 10 d (i)(ii), (k), (l)

23. Exempted vessels to comply Rule 10?

1) Rule 10(k) - A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the
maintenance of safety of navigation in a traffic separation scheme &

2) Rule 10(l) - A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the laying,
servicing or picking up of a submarine cable, within a traffic separation scheme

24. Your vessel approaching the other vessel on less than 22.5 degree abaft the beam? What is this situation?
What is your action? With model, own ship is on stbd side of the other vessel?

The other vessel is a powder and I am a powder driven vessel on her stbd side.

I check the bearing is less than 22.5 degree and distance is close this is crossing situation as per rule 15and
own ship is stand on vessel and the other vessel is give way vessel. As per rule 17a(i), I shall maintain course
and speed.

25. Switched own ship to port side and asked your vessel is now on 22.5 degree abaft her beam line and heading
towards the other vessel. What is this situation? Action?

A vessel is coming up another vessel approximately 22.5 degree abaft her beam,

In day time,

I cannot determine heading of the other vessel, so that I cannot determine the direction of 22.5 degree abaft
her beam line, So, I am in doubt I am overtaking vessel and crossing vessel. According to rule 13c, clearly state
that, if I have in doubt I am comply overtaking situation and I must keep out of the way of the other vessel.

In night time,

I see both side light and stern light together due to practical cut off 5 degree out side of prescribe sector, these
situation may be in doubt. According to rule 13c, clearly state that, if I have in doubt I am comply overtaking
situation and I must keep out of the way of the other vessel.

26. Explain rule 17a(ii) and c?

- The stand on vessel may take action by manoeuvre alone as soon as it become apparent that give way vessel
is not taking appropriate action in accordance with COLREG 72 rules.

5|Page
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3
- If stand on vessel which take action in accordance with sub paragraph a(ii) of rule 17, it means taking action
by manoeuvre alone, in that case if it is crossing situation avoid collision with another power driven on her
own port side, she must not alter course to port.

27. 4 state, 1 state 12nm and 2 state 2nm action?

Four stage of collision (VCD vs PDV)?

Distance ROC Action

12nm At long range Before ROC exist

• PDV shall not impede the safe passage of VCD according to rule 18(d)(i).

• PDV is not to impede vessel & VCD is not to be impeded vessel.

• PDV shall take action to allow sufficient sea room for the safe passage of VCD according to rule 8(f)(i). (PDV
may take action by alteration of course to port or starboard)

2nm As soon as it begins apparent that G/W vessel is not taking appropriate action S/on vessel

• 34(d) - give warning signal

• 17(a)(ii) - may take action by her manoeuvre alone

• 17(c) - must not alter course to port for a vessel on her own port side G/W vessel

• The stand on vessel alter her course to stbd side and make round turn to pass from her astern.

28. Rule 19 (c) “due regard”? (Explain Rule 19 (c))?

We must have due regard to the RV when we are complying with the Rules of Section I of Part B.

- As per Rule 4, I must comply any condition of visibility

- As per Rule 5, we keep proper lookout, but we may need to keep extra lookout and more emphasize on
hearing if situation becomes RV.

- As per Rule 6, we keep safe speed, but we may need to keep engine stand by for immediate manoeuvre if
situation becomes RV.

- As per Rule 7, we check ROC by all available means, but we can check ROC by radar bearing alone if
situation become RV.

- As per Rule 8, we take avoiding action which is large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel
observing visually or by radar, but another vessel can observed by radar alone in RV.

- As per Rule 9, we keep outer limit of NC as is safe and practicable, but our speed has been reduced in RV
and we must aware of the change of maneuvering characteristics and keep more distance to outer limit.

- As per Rule 10, we keep clear of a separation line or zone, but our speed has been reduced in RV and we
must aware of the change of maneuvering characteristics and keep more clear of separation line or zone.

29. Preparation for entering RV (Essential 6 points)

Before entering in RV, I take necessary preparation and precaution as per company SMS and master standing
order.

(1). Switch-on navigation lights (Rule 20)

6|Page
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3
(2). Sound fog signals (Rule 35)

(3). Post extra look-outs – silence on deck (Rule 5)

(4). Engines stand-by – proceed at a safe speed (Rule 6 & 19(b))

(5). Operate radar – detect by radar-plotting (Rule 7&19(d))

(6). Switch Auto-to-Manual steering (if auto mode) (Rule 8)

***Other measures to be considered on entering RV: - such as calling master.

***Narrow channels and TSS (Rule 9 & 10) also apply in all condition of visibility

30. Land Fall

31. Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy?

You found this buoy right ahead, your action?

32. Tanker statutory certificate ( SOLAS, MARPOL, STCW )?

SOLAS

1 Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate and Record of Equipment Form E I

2 Cargo Ship Safety Radio Certificate and Record of Equipment Form R I

3 Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate I

4 Cargo Ship Safety Certificate and Record of Equipment Form C I

5 Minimum Safe Manning Document V

6 Document of Compliance (ISM) copy IX

7 Safety Management Certificate (SMC) IX

8 Continuous Synopsis Record (CSR) XI-1

9 International Ship Security Certificate (ISSC) or Interim ISSC XI-2

MARPOL

1) International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate IOPPC (I)

2) International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of Noxious Liquid Substance in Bulk INLSC (II)

3) Certificate of Fitness

4 International Certificate of Fitness

7|Page
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3
5) International Sewage Pollution Prevention Certificate ISPPC (IV)

6) International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate IAPPC

7) Engine International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate EIAPPC

8) International Energy Efficiency Certificate IEEC

9) Statement of Compliance Related to Fuel Oil Consumption Reporting and Operational Carbon Intensity
Rating

STCW

COC, COP, GOC

33. Category X, Y, Z and other substances?

Category X – major hazard to marine resources or human health and prohibited discharged

Category Y – hazard to marine resources or human health and limitation on quality and quantity of discharge

Category Z – minor hazard t marine resources or human health and less stringent restriction on quality and
quantity of discharge

Other Substances – no harm to marine resources or human health

34. Prewash procedure?

 Pre-cleaning with butter-worth machines using Fresh waters to remove cargo and residues.

 the residue procedure mixture generated during the prewash shall be discharged to a reception facility at
port of unloading until the tank is empty. The tank may be discharged into the sea in accordance with the
discharge standard in regulation 13.2. If ports approved MARPOL surveyor is not available and/or reception
facilities are available. The vessels can leave and discharge to next reception facilities port.

Category X substance shall be in accordance with regulation 13.6. This operation shall be made in CRB and
endorsed by the surveyor.

Assigned to category Y are persistent floaters with a viscosity equal to or greater than 50 millipascal-second
at 20 degree Celsius and/or with a melting point equal to or greater than 0 degree Celsius as identified by
16.2.7 in column O of chapter 17 of he IBC code.

Persistent Floater special areas; North west European waters including Nort sea, Celtic sea, West of Ireland,
Baltic sea, Gulf of Bothnia, Western European, Norwegian sea.

35. NLS discharge criteria? Where is NLS Outlet?

1) En route

2) at least 7kts if self propelled, at least 4 kts for not self propelled

3) Discharge outlet is below the water line and not exceeding designed max. rate of discharge

4) not less than 12 nm from nearest land

5) not less than 25m of water depth

8|Page
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3
36. Purpose of vapor return line?

To ensure that cargo vapor are not release to atmosphere

Stud at 12 o’clock position at the top of flange face

Stencil vapor at 10 o’clock vapor and 2 o’clock vapor position

37. What are the MARPOL Cert for each Annex?

1) International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate IOPPC (I)

2) International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of Noxious Liquid Substance in Bulk INLSC (II)

3) Certificate of Fitness COF (II)

4 International Certificate of Fitness ICOF (II)

5) International Sewage Pollution Prevention Certificate ISPPC (IV)

6) International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate IAPPC (VI)

7) Engine International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate EIAPPC (VI)

8) International Energy Efficiency Certificate IEEC (VI)

9) Statement of Compliance Related to Fuel Oil Consumption Reporting and Operational Carbon Intensity
Rating

38. Six sources of air pollution?

1) Ozone depleting substances (R-12)

2) Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) (R-13)

3) Sulphur Oxides (SOx) (R-14)

4) Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) (R-15)

5) Shipboard Incineration (R-16)

6) Fuel Oil Quality

39. Seven Functions?

Function 1. Navigation

Function 2. Cargo handling & stowage

Function 3. Controlling the operation of ship and care for person onboard

Function 4. Marine engineering

Function 5. Electrical, electronic and control engineering

9|Page
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3
Function 6. Maintenance & repair

Function 7. Radio communication

Common function for Deck and Engine, Function 6 Maintenance and repair

40. MLC areas 15 and 16?

15. Financial security for repatriation

Area 15 cover the cost of reparation shall cover travel normally air and include provision for food and
accommodation from the time of leaving the ship until arrival at home necessary medical care and any other
cost arising from the abandonment.

16. Financial security for ship owner’s liability

Area 16 cover the financial consequence of sickness injury, long term disable or death. Ship owner liable to
the expense of medical care until the sickness or injured seafarer has covered. Ship owner provided financial
security to compensation for death or long term disability.

41. How do you know owner abandonment?

a) Fail to cover the cost of the seafarer’s repatriation or

b) Has left the seafarer without the necessary maintenance and support or

c) Failure to pay contractual wages for a period of at least two months.

42. Purpose of load line survey (or) reasons for assigning load lines?

 Not to load beyond her strength

 To have adequate reserved buoyancy

 To protect the crew

- Watertight integrity

- In the event of major damage the vessel will still remain

43. What is Type A Ships? As per LL Convention, how many type of vessel?

Type A Ships • Designed to carry only liquid cargoes in bulk (Tankers)

• High integrity of exposed deck with only small access openings to cargo compartmens, closed by watertight
gasketed covers of steel or equivalent material / Low permeability of loaded cargo compartments

44. Load Line; How to check watertightness as C/O?

Chalk test and Hose test and ultrasonic test

Cargo hold;

 Check Hatch cover and manhole rubber packing.

 Check non-return valve by pouring water.

10 | P a g e
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3
 Close hatch cover and see the hatch cover from cargo hold to ensure no holes. If possible check by hose
test.

 Rubber packing of cargo hold ventilator to test. (chalk test)

Others;

 Ballast vent head to check.

 Make sure sounding pipes caps are in place & scupper pipes are clear.

 Chalk test and hose test to all doors below freeboard deck (Eg. pilot door).

 Check test to all vent/port hole on deck and accommodation.

45. Why do tankers have lower freeboard compared to other types of ships?

 Greater subdivision

 Smaller deck openings

 More pumps to quick control ingress of water

 Low permeability

 Lower density than other liquid

 Greater buoyancy than grain cargo

46. Load Line Survey Preparation?

Use Condition of Assignment as Reference Check List

 Load line marking, draft marking

 All guardrails and bulwarks should be satisfactory condition

 Check all cargo hatches and access to holds for weather tightness

 All ventilators & air pipes to be provided for closing and opening

 Check that all freeing ports are in satisfactory conditions

 Side scuttles and openings below freeboard deck must be watertight

 Inspect all machinery space openings on exposed deck

 Fittings and appliances for timber deck cargoes

 Prepare the Load Line Stick (Load Line Measuring Tape)

 Prepare International Load Line Certificate & its attachment and also stability booklet

47. Freedom of high sea?

Navigation

Overflight

Lay submarine cables and pipelines

11 | P a g e
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3
Construct artificial islands and other installations permitted under international law

Fishing and scientific research

48. How will you render assistance?

To render to the other ship, its master, crew and passengers such assistance as may be practicable and
necessary to save them any danger caused by the collision.

To standby by the other ship still such time it is ascertained that no further assistance is required by her.

To give the master of the other ship the name of his own ship, last port of call and to which port it is bound. (
Information Exchange )

49. When will you not render assistance? If not, in which log book will you enter?

Firstly, I check whether the vessel is bound to proceed or not, if vessel is unable to do so, engine break down
or unreasonable, gas carrier to assist tanker on fire or unnecessary to do so, in busy shipping area, own
vessel is 100 miles away. Then I must enter the OLB.

50. SSP content?

 Identification of Restricted areas

 Identification of CSO/SSO

 Procedures for trainings, drills, auditing, reporting accidents

 Procedures for inspection, testing, calibration, and maintenance of security equipment

- Measures designed to prevent weapons, dangerous substances and devices

- Procedure for periodic review of the plan, instruction, guidance use of the ship security alert system,
activation, deactivation and resetting and limiting false alert.

51. How many SSAS buttons? Where can you find?

Min 2 buttons

one on the bridge, another one at any other location.

5. How many LB release system?

On load Operation;

-LB is not fully water borne

1. Put out the safety pin

2. Remove the hydrostatic interlock cover

3. Lift up the interlock lever and hold it

4. Pull the release handle

Off load Operation;

-LB is fully water borne

1. put out the safety pin

12 | P a g e
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3
2. due to water pressure, interlock lever is already lifted up

3. pull the release handle

53. Difference between L/B & R/B?

 L/Boat is a survival craft used for sustaining the lives of persons in distress from the time of abandoning
the ship.

 R/B is to rescue the persons in distress & to board to marshal craft(Ship).

Consist of FW, rations, rocket parachute, hand flare, no daylight signal, copy of life saving signal, fishing
tackles. RB not include in these items.

54. Element of salvage?

Element of salvage,

Must be voluntary; not to be under any pre-existing contract or statutory duty

Must by recognized subject of salvage; maritime property, i.e property at risk, include vessels, their
equipment, cargo, bunkers, wreck and freight.

Must be in danger; real peril must be threatening property at commencement of salvage service but not to
be present or imminent.

Must be successful; well known “ no-cure, no-pay” salvage principle.

55. On hire survey, off hire survey?

On hire survey; A delivery certificate confirming the date and time of handover, bunker ROB and condition of
holds and tanks.

Off hire survey; To ascertain the extent of damage bunker ROB. A delivery certificate issued by surveyor.

56. Fade of ship’s hull color? How to do?

Due to depreciation and I will repaint.

57. What is lay day?

The period during which the ship must present herself at the loading port, and during which the charterers
are obliged to accept the ship for loading.

The final lay day is cancelling date.

58. What is Lay time

The time allowed to the charterers for loading and/or discharging without any payment additional to the
freight.

59. Flag state function?

Setting monitoring and enforcing standard of safety and pollution prevention on vessels flying the state flag.

Enforcing international standard of safety and pollution on foreign ship.

visiting the state’s port

Setting and enforcing merchant shipping regulations for the flag state.

13 | P a g e
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3
Surveying and inspecting vessels in accordance with local and international regulations

Setting and enforcing standards of seafarers competency.

60. Purpose of class?

To develop and apply technical standards for the design construction and survey of ships and as well as RO of
flag state administration.

61. Enhanced Survey?

According to SOLAS Regulation XI-1?

bulk carrier, oil tankers must have enhance survey.

The principle elements of enhanced survey are;

Close up examination of frames webs and bulkheads in selected cargo hold and tanks.

 extensive thickness measurements, deck and shell plating

 Cargo and ballast tank pressure test

 condition of protective paint coatings

Survey by classifications surveyor. Certificate of class will include the letter ‘’ ESP’’

62. In-water Survey:

In water survey is a survey of a ship’s bottom and appendages while a vessel afloat in water instead of dry
docking. For cargo ships two surveys are required within a period of 5 years. One of these can be in water
survey, usually intermediate survey.

Oil tanker and bulk carrier ( ESP ) which is over 15 years are not eligible for in water survey. A vessel has an
‘IWS” class notation.

63. Class notation?

+ means the ship was constructed under survey by Lloyd’s Register Surveyors

100 means the ship is suitable for seagoing service

A means the ship was constructed or accepted into LR class and maintained in good and efficient
condition.

64. What is critical period?

Critical Period (interval of time between stern post land on the keel block and ship takes the block overall),

The upthrust force cause a virtual loss of GM, if GM is not enough, vessel will heel over and slip off the
blocks.

Method a,

MM1 = MCTC*t/l ( Intact condition )

Method b,

GG1 = P*KG/W-P ( Damage condition )

65. Open Moor

14 | P a g e
UZMT Prepared by Ko Ye
Question no. 3
o Open moor can use typhoon shelter anchorage
o Keep the wind or current on the bow
1
o Let go the weather anchor on the run until 3
of the final length

o Continue the headway

o Let go the 2nd anchor underfoot (just touch the bottom)
o After that, snub the weather anchor and engine ahead with the weather helm
o Hold on the weather anchor and pay out the 2nd anchor
o When both anchor have equal length, veer both cable to required position

15 | P a g e