ADVANCED TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE
JAFFNA
Higher national diploma in civil engineering
GROUP 10 MEMBERS
T. JAVAHAAR - JAF/CE/2018/F/0027
J. LATHAN - JAF/CE/2018/F/0014
Y. LAKSHAN - JAF/CE/2018/F/0024
J.A.R.D. JAYAKODI - JAF/CE/2018/F/0029 FINAL YEAR
PROJECT
J.M.HASEEF - JAF/CE/2018/F/0043 Group 10
INTERLOCKING BRICK
MASONRY
CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Aim
3. Objectives
4. Literature Review
5. Scope
6. Limitation
7. Methodology
8. Conclusion
9. Reference
INTRODUCTION
• Interlocking bricks are an improved form of traditional clay bricks. Each brick is
designed to seal itself to other surrounding bricks without the use of mortar.
Automatic locking is achieved using the Shear key and the lock mechanism.
• In the case study we have analyze the interlocking brick walling methods and
development of interlocking walling techniques according to the different shape,
type and bonding methods.
• The factors affecting a building construction such as cost, time consumption,
material consumption and man power also analyzed based on the pervious
literature review.
AIM
• During the current situation, its hard to find out cement for constructions and also
its price is high. So, to save money and time and also to gain same strength like the
traditional brick masonry.
• Main aim of our proposal is to build mortar free structures with help of this type of
interlock brick.
• Analyzing the building structure(walling), interlock brick production and types of
interlocking bricks used in different occasion.
OBJECTIVES
• To determine interlock bricks are suitable or not for building structures in
construction
• To determine the strength range of interlock bricks for building structures.
• To Analyze about benefits and impacts from the interlocking bricks.
LITERATURE REVIEW
• Nurul Malahayati, Yulia Hayati, Cut Nursaniah, T Firsa, Aris Munandar were done a research on
Comparative study on the cost of building public house construction using red brick and interlock brick
building material in the city of Banda Aceh. Interlock brick offer lower construction cost at comparable
quality rather than using red brick.
• Abdul Karim Mirasa, Chee-siang Chong were done a research on the construction of green building
using Interlocking brick system. In this research investigate the effectiveness of Interlocking brick
system reduce the energy consumption and cement consumption.
• S Mehboob, K Riaz, M Saad were done a Research on Performance evaluation of mortarless
interlocking brick masonry in Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and
Technology, Taxila Pakistan. Overall, this research highlights the use of interlocking brick masonry as a
cost effective, sustainable, environment friendly and fast track construction. Durability of system to
check the acceptability of mortarless interlocking brick masonry construction technique also studied.
SCOPE
• limited to single story or 2 story buildings
• limited to Building structure (walls).
LIMITATIONS
• Not popular or not a traditional masonry in Sri Lanka.
• Least producers are involved in interlock brick manufacturing
in Sri Lanka.
• Site selection also difficult for the survey.
METHODOLOGY
• The research recorded in this thesis employed these main methods.
1. Survey of existing structures built of interlock bricks. ( Mortarless brick )
2. The survey was carried out by past literature review
3. Theoretical analysis of interlocking brick masonry
ABOUT
• Interlocking bricks/blocks(IBs) can be produced as solid, perforated or hollow bricks.
• The demarcation between hollow and perforated bricks depends on the surface area of
holes.
• If they occupy less than 25% of the surface area, they are called `perforated bricks`, if
more we define them as `hollow blocks` (BS 6073-1:1981 clause 3.3).
• Interlocking bricks/blocks into two groups, according to their locking systems.
• Category A bricks have interlocks that restrict movement both horizontally and
transverse to the wall surface, Category B bricks allow horizontal movement and only
limit transverse movement during wall assembly.
• Interlocking bricks have three types of locking (jointing) methods; Tongue and Groove
(T&G), Protrusions and Depressions (P&D), and Topological non-planar locking.
CATEGORY A BOTH HORIZONTAL AND CATEGORY B FREE HORIZONTAL AND
TRANSVERSAL BRICK MOVEMENTS RESTRICTED TRANSVERSAL MOVEMENTS
RESTRICTED
Auram Alan block
Bamba Hydraform
Haener Interlocking System Solbric
Osteomorphic
Sparlock System
Tanzanian
Thai
TYPE OF INTERLOCKING BRICKS FROM DIFFERENT
COUNTRIES
THAI INTERLOCK BRICKS
SOLBRIC SYSTEM FROM SOUTH AFRICA
BAMBA SYSTEM FROM SOUTH AFRICA
AURAM SYSTEM FROM INDIA
TANZANIAN INTERLOCK BRICK (TIB)
SYSTEM
THE STRENGTH OF THE WALL ALSO DEPEND ON THE
FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS
• The shape (height, width, length and configuration) of the wall
• Brick design
• The way bricks are laid (the bond/pattern employed)
CHARACTERISTICS OF MORTARLESS WALLING
• The elimination of bedding mortar, although it reduces cost and accelerates the
construction process
• Induces structural weaknesses
FEATURES REQUIRED FOR SELF-ALIGNING
INTERLOCKING BRICKS INCLUDES
• Fitting into each other without adjustments (cutting, shaving or shimming).
• Having distinct orientation features, so that if wrongly placed they will not fit and
therefore require either reversing or replacement for rectification.
• Fulfilling modular coordination requirements
• Having tight tolerances
EXPERIMENTAL WORK
• The below Mix proportions are used for the experimental work
1. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TEST
𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝑎𝑡 𝑓𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑁
Compressive strength in 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 =
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑛 𝑚𝑚2
2. WATER ABSORPTION TEST
3. TEST ON WALL PANEL
• The dial gauge was placed at L/2 and L/3 distances to measure the deflection of the
wall panel
CONCLUSION BASED ON THE ABOVE EXPERIMENTAL WORK
• Based on compressive strength the highest value was 11.2 MPa for the mix L20G25 which
was 30% higher than red brick.
• The compressive strength of the IB increased with an increase in lime and GGBS content.
• Water absorption was also within the required limits of 20%.
• The mix L20G25 containing 55% Fly ash, 25% GGBS & 20% Lime was the optimum mix.
• Based on rate analysis the interlocking brick masonry was around 40% cheaper than
conventional red brick masonry.
PRODUCTION OF BRICKS/BLOCKS
• Drying • Crushing • Mixing
• Pressing • Curing • Drying
SELECTION OF SUITABLE SOIL FOR STABILISATION
• The field of soil-selection
involves identification of the
distribution of gravel, sand and
fines (silt and clay) within a
sample.
SHRINKAGE BOX FOR SOIL TESTING
• The shrinkage box is a mold for linear shrinkage test for soil testing.
COST ANALYZE
• The value of RL (the labor cost Comparison of labour charges
ratio) was estimated after a
number of considerations were 33%
made.
• With the combined effect of less
67%
skilled labor and increased output,
mortar less technology is estimated
to reduce labor cost by as much as
80%.
interlocking brick brick masonry
BRICK & CEMENT CONSUMPTION
Comparison of bricks Comparison of cement
consumption consumption
43% 43%
57% 57%
interlocking brick interlocking brick
brick masonry brick masonry
CONSTRUCTION TIME COMPARISON
Percentage
Type of Masonry Average time
required for work
33% (days)
67% Conventional Brick 45
Interlocking Mortar 22
less Brick
interlocking brick
brick masonry
FACTORS DEPEND ON FLEXIBILITY OF INTERLOCK-
BRICK WALLING
• BRICKWORK PATTERNS
• BRICK SHAPE
• WALL CONFIGURATIONS
• To build curved and polygonal walls special bricks are made
TYPES OF INTERLOCKING BRICKS ACCORDING TO
THEIR FUNCTIONS
Bricks
Bricks
Bricks
Brick
Brick
Bricks
Bricks
Bricks
Bricks
BRICK-SET DESIGN TO ENHANCE THE FLEXIBILITY
OF INTERLOCK WALLING
FORMATION OF NEW BOND
SPECIAL BRICKS
IMPROVEMENT IN FLEXIBILITY ACHIEVED
CONCLUSION
• In the end of our research, the study about examine the performance of interlock bricks
for the construction of walls, identify patterns/bonds, joints and configurations, develop
remedial measures to reduce the effect of brick irregularities, measure how brick
imperfections affect interlocking brick wall alignment accuracy and stability during
construction.
• The findings of the studies are
1. Interlock bricks opportunities enhanced.
2. Measures to reduce brick irregularities.
3. Finding out the pros and cons of interlocking brick system.
WORK SCHEDULE
REFERENCES
• https://wrap.warwick.ac.uk
• https://www.academia.edu
• http://refreshingsrilanka.blogspot.com/2011/11/?m=1
• http://econobrick.com/wp/our-projects/
