---
Physics Class 12 CBSE Sample Question Paper.
Time: 3 Hours.
Maximum Marks: 70.
General Instructions.
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. There are .33 questions. in total, divided into. five sections. (A, B, C, D, and E).
3.. Section A. contains .16 MCQs. of .1 mark each
4.. Section B. contains .5 questions. of .2 marks each. (short answer type).
5. .Section C. contains .7 questions. of .3 marks each. (short answer type).
6. .Section D. contains .2 case-based questions. of .4 marks each
7. .Section E. contains .3 questions. of .5 marks each. (long answer type).
8. Use of calculators is not allowed.
9. Use the following physical constants wherever necessary:
- \(c = 3 \times 10^8 \, \text{m/s} \)
- \( h = 6.63 \times 10^{-34} \, \text{Js} \)
- \( e = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \, \text{C} \)
- \( \mu_0 = 4\pi \times 10^{-7} \, \text{Tm/A} \)
- \( \varepsilon_0 = 8.854 \times 10^{-12} \, \text{C}^2/\text{Nm}^2 \)
---
. .Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (1 Mark Each).
1. The SI unit of electric flux is:
a) N/C
b) Nm/C
c) Nm²/C
d) N/C²
2. Coulomb’s law is applicable to:
a) Point charges
b) Spherical charges
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
3. The electric potential at a point due to a point charge is:
a) Directly proportional to the charge
b) Inversely proportional to the distance
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
4. The drift velocity of electrons in a conductor is of the order of:
a) \( 10^6 \, \text{m/s} \)
b) \( 10^{-3} \, \text{m/s} \)
c) \( 10^{-6} \, \text{m/s} \)
d) \( 10^{-9} \, \text{m/s} \)
5. Ohm’s law is valid for:
a) Metallic conductors
b) Semiconductors
c) Electrolytes
d) All of these
6. The direction of the magnetic field due to a current-carrying straight wire is given by:
a) Right-hand thumb rule
b) Left-hand thumb rule
c) Fleming’s left-hand rule
d) Fleming’s right-hand rule
7. The magnetic dipole moment of a current loop is given by:
a) \( M = I \times A \)
b) \( M = I / A \)
c) \( M = A / I \)
d) \( M = I + A \)
8. The principle behind an AC generator is:
a) Electromagnetic induction
b) Faraday’s law
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
9. Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction states that the induced EMF is:
a) Directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux
b) Inversely proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux
c) Independent of the magnetic flux
d) None of these
10. The wavelength range of visible light is:
a) 400 nm to 700 nm
b) 300 nm to 800 nm
c) 200 nm to 500 nm
d) 100 nm to 400 nm
11. The power of a lens is measured in:
a) Dioptre
b) Joule
c) Watt
d) Newton
12. The condition for total internal reflection is:
a) Light travels from a denser to a rarer medium
b) The angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
13. Huygens’ principle is used to explain:
a) Reflection of light
b) Refraction of light
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
14. The photoelectric effect demonstrates:
a) Wave nature of light
b) Particle nature of light
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
15. The de Broglie wavelength is associated with:
a) Electrons
b) Protons
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
16. Nuclear fission involves:
a) Splitting of a heavy nucleus into lighter nuclei
b) Combining of lighter nuclei to form a heavier nucleus
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
---
. .Section B: Short Answer Type Questions (2 Marks Each).
17. Derive the expression for the electric field due to a dipole at a point on the equatorial plane.
18. Explain the concept of equipotential surfaces.
19. Derive the expression for the equivalent resistance of two resistors connected in parallel.
20. Explain the working of a moving coil galvanometer.
21. State Biot-Savart law and write its mathematical expression.
---
. .Section C: Short Answer Type Questions (3 Marks Each).
22. Derive the expression for the torque experienced by a dipole in a uniform electric field.
23. Explain the working of a Wheatstone bridge and derive the condition for balance.
24. Derive the expression for the magnetic field due to a long straight current-carrying wire using
Ampere’s circuital law.
25. Explain the phenomenon of interference of light and derive the expression for fringe width in
Young’s double-slit experiment.
26. Explain the working of a p-n junction diode and draw its I-V characteristics.
27. Derive the expression for the energy stored in a capacitor.
28. Explain the concept of displacement current and its significance in Maxwell’s equations.
---
. .Section D: Case-Based Questions (4 Marks Each).
29. .Case Study 1: Electromagnetic Waves.
Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature and do not require a medium for propagation. They
consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to each other and to the direction of
propagation.
a) What is the speed of electromagnetic waves in vacuum?
b) Name the electromagnetic wave used in satellite communication.
c) What is the range of wavelengths for visible light?
d) How are electromagnetic waves produced?
30. .Case Study 2: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter.
The photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle nature of light. When light of sufficient energy
falls on a metal surface, electrons are emitted.
a) State Einstein’s photoelectric equation.
b) What is the work function of a metal?
c) How does the stopping potential vary with the frequency of incident light?
d) Explain the significance of the threshold frequency in the photoelectric effect.
---
. .Section E: Long Answer Type Questions (5 Marks Each).
31. Derive the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly charged infinite plane sheet using
Gauss’s law.
32. Explain the principle, construction, and working of a transformer. Derive the expression for the
ratio of secondary to primary voltage in terms of the number of turns in the coils.
33. Explain the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom and derive the expression for the radius of the nth
orbit.
