27728, 11.29. AM PE - Lab 2ipymb -Colab 1. Linear Regression (Code) seport nunpy 25.99 Snport watplotLib-pyplot as pit ‘rom sklearo.toel selection Inport train_test_split from sklesrn-linear-nodel Inport LinearRegression from sklearn-netrics Inport wean squared error, r2_score # Generate symtnetic data np.randon.seed(42) x2" mpcrandon.rond(302, 1) yes 3 e+ aperandan.randa(200, 2) 1 Split the data into training and testing sets K.train, K.test, yutrain, y-test = train test aplit(K, y, test sizee0.2, rendom staten2) sole = Lineorhegression() sodel.fie(x train, y train) ¥.pred = nodel-precict(X test) # Prine model parameters print(F"intercept: (eadel-interee Print(f"Coeffictent: {nodel.coef_[21f0] # evaluate the model nse = mean squared ervor(y-test, y-prea) Pe = ra_scoraly test, y_pred) prant(f neon Souares Error (nse)") print(#"R-squares: (r2}") # Visualiaing the results plt.scatter(X test, y-test, color=tblue', label='Actual Data") Pltiplot(X test, y-orad, color=tred", Tinewidthe2, label- "Regression Line") putaxdaber(x) prtaytaver(y) pLU-Uitle("Linear Regression Inptenentation”) pit-tegena() Flt show) Linear Regression Implementation af e Acualoat . Regression tine w htps:/cola research google com/srva!4zwénUgyyIXPOVHLy4TGCGacGvHeNPjaisrolTo=oOZIqKb3-psbépriniMode=tte we20778, 11:34 AM. PE Lab 2ipynb -Colab 2. Logistic Regression (Code) eport numy 28 09 Snport pandas 25 pd nport matplotiib-pyplot as plt rom skleara.nodel Selection Import train test_split ‘rom sklearn-preprocessing iaport Standardscaler ‘from sklearn-Linear_sodel import Lopistlckegression ‘rom skearn metrics Seport accuracy score, classifScation report, confusion matrix fron skleernsdetasats Inport load iris # tons aacaset Seis = ood tris() GF = pe.bataFrane(iris.dsta, colums-iris.feature_nones) aft target] = inde target | consider binary classification: Classifying Iris-Versicolon (12bel 1) vs others binary af = df[OFL'target"] I= 2]. # Renoving class 2 X= binary_of-sloe(:, ‘2].valoes * Use only first tuo features y = binary_ target] values # spiiceing data into train and test sets X train, Ktest, y.train, y-test = train test split(s, yy test size 2» randon_statent2) 4 standardizing features scaler ~ Standardsealer() Xitrain = scaler-fit_transtore(X train) Xkest = scaler. transfora(k test) 4 Logistic Regression Rodel sodel = Logistickeeression() model. Fit train, yateain) y.pred = model predict(X test) accuracy = accuracy score(y test, y_pred) Conf_nateix = confusion aateix(y_ test, y_pred) report = classification_report(y.test, y pred) prant(f"Accuracy: {accuracy:.2#)°) Prine( "Confusion hatria:\n", conf matrie) princ( "Classification Report:\n, report) 4 Plotting decision toundary (only for First two festures) fet plot decision boundary(X, y, S046) sin, xnne = X{:, B].misG) = 2, X{:, Omax() ¢ 2 Yininy yimae = x{2, Aven) — 2, xC2) Moma) +2 sa, yy = mpenesheria(ep. inspece(x min, xomexy 100), np.2inspace(y ain, y-max, 100)) 21 aadel.prodict (opie [xx-rovel(), 49. F3¥010)1) 2 = Zunesnape(ee. shape) pit.contourFGe, yy, 2, alphaee.3) pitiseatter(M[:, 6], X{:, 1p. coy, edgecolorse'k', narker='o") it abel (irks feature names{0]) pitsylavel Anis feature nawes[]) pit.title("Decision Boundary of Logistic Regression”) pitishow) # Visualizing decision boundary using first two features plot_decision boundary(X train, y-train, model) -ntps:Ieolab research google comidivel4zwdnlgyy7XpOYHL4TOCGdcCvHaNPjascroTo=o0ZqKb3-psb& prntMode=te 12077, 11:34 AM. PE- Lab 2ipynb-Colab FB Accuracy: 1.00 Confusion Matrix: Taz 6) (ee Classification Report: precision recall fa-seore sport © 100 000 2 tee alee ee . accuracy 10 macro oe 1.881.008 888 wetgnted avg -0) 8] ee Decision Boundary of Logistic Regression sepal with (om) -ntps:Ieolab research google comidivel4zwdnlgyy7XpOYHL4TOCGdcCvHaNPjascroTo=o0ZqKb3-psb& prntMode=te2177, 11:37 AM PE Lab 2ipynb -Colab 3. Extract Data from Databaee Using Python (Code) Amport seiites 4 create an imemenory SQLite database conn = sqlite3.comect("smenory:") # Teeporary database in Rat corsor = com.cursor() cursor enecute(** "CREATE TABLE students ( rane TEXT, ° ssnks INTEGER)'"") -t incert at least 5 stucent records students. data = [ (Catice", 22, “Computer Science”, 85), 00", 34, "mechanical", 78), Cohariie’, 23, "Electrical", 98), (oavie’, 21, “civil”, #2), (rema",'22," "electronics", 88) 1 cursor.executenany("INSERT INTO students (name, age, department, marks) VALUES (2, 2%, 2 29°, | const changes conn.comit() # excract data from the table Cursor execute("SELECT * FROM students”) ows = cursor. fetchall() | brine extracted data print("tatracted Stadent Data:") peinc("1 | name | age | Department | marks") print(*-" + 45) print #*(row{@}:<2} | {rom1}:<7} | {row{2}=<3) | {row(3]:<25) | (cow[4):<8)") corsor.close() conn.ciose() BD [Wane | Age | Departnent | Marks a | 22 | Computer Science | as 2 | 24 | Mechonscal | 78 3 [Granite | 23 | electrical | 90 4 Lomi [2 | avin Ip S [ema [22 | Electrontes | 8 -ntps:Ieolab research google comidivel4zwdnlgyy7XpOYHL4TOCGdcCvHaNPjascroTo=o0ZqKb3-psb& prntMode=te students. deta) 12778, 11:41 AM. PE Lab 2ipynb -Colab Decision Tree Algorithm Implementation (Code) eport numy 28 09 Snport pandas a8 pd rom skleara.nodel selection import train test_split from sklearn-tree inport DecistontreeClassifier ‘rom skeara import tree - Enport estplotiib.pyplet as ptt # Lone the dataset Seis = datavete load Aris() xe sessseats # splitting the dataset into training and testing sets Xtrain, Ketek, y train, y kere + train test spLit(e, yy test size 2, random statent2) # create and train the Decision Tree sodel {LF = Decistontreechsssifier(criterion='gint', max.éepth-3, randon_state-42) elf fst train, train) # Woke prectctsons pred = elf predict(X test) accuracy = accuracy_score(y test, y_pred) prine( Accuracy: {accuracy:.2f)) # Visualize the oecision Tree pit Figure( Figstzen(38, 6)) tres.plot_tree(clf, feature nameseiris. feature anes, class nanesciris.target_nanes, fill pit. show() [petal ent (em) <= 25 inl = 0.667 samples = 120 value’= (40, 4, 39] ‘ass = versiesor Thi, Fae petal length (an) <= 475) ‘ani = 05 samples = 80 value'= (0, 41,39), ‘dass = versicolor ga=o3. samples = 8 valve = (0, 4.4) tpsoolab research googte-comitive/4zw4nUgyy7XpO¥HLy4TOCGdcC vHaNPjatscrolTo=00 ZIgKb3-psbipriiMode=tte 120778, 11:43 AM. PE Lab 2ipynb -Colab ‘5. 1oMeans Clustering Algorithm (Code) Import funy 25 99 ‘rom skleara datasets deport make, p10bs X, y = make, Dlobs(n_sampless30e, centersad, cluster_std-0.62, randon_state-e) 1 sopaying K-Reans algortthe means = Wleans(n_clustersns, rancon_state-®) moans 2800) yrameans = kneans.pregset(X) pit.seatter(X[:, @], M4 A, © Centers = kneane.cluster centers pitvsestter(centers{:, 6], conters[:) 2], e='ned', £9200, alpho pit-title("-heans Clustering”) pit.sdabel( "Feature 2") plt-ylavel( "Feature 2°) pit-legend() ple-show() yhneans, cnape'viriais", marker=‘0", edgecolor="t) 75, morkor='X', Lnbel="Centroias”) KMeans Clustering %_cenroas 2 ° S a2 - 89 « @ 8 Feature 1 tpsoolab research googte-comitive/4zw4nUgyy7XpO¥HLy4TOCGdcC vHaNPjatscrolTo=00 ZIgKb3-psbipriiMode=tte "2177s, 12:00 PM PE Lab 2ipynb -Colab 6. Neural Network for Fake News Detection (Code) tp snstall seiit-Learn pandas sunpy eport numpy a8 n9 smpart pandas a5 6 ‘rom skleara-nodel selection import train test split from aklearn-datatets inport fetch 20vewngrowpe ‘rom tentorflou.teras.nodels import Sequential from tensorflow terat layers Inport Dense, LSTH, Embedding, SpatiaiDropovti0 ‘rom vensorflow teraspreprocessing-texe deport Tokenizer ‘rom tensorflow.keras.preprocessing. sequence import pad sequences ‘from tonsorflou kerat utils import to_catogoricsl ‘from skleara.preprocessing import Labelencoder 1 Step 1: Load the 28 Newsgroups Dataset newsgroups = fetch 2Oneusgrovps(subset='3ll') 2 step 2: Preprocess the Data X= newgroupe data # Nene articlor tort y = newsgroups sarest # Labels (20 categories) # Comert labels to categorical (one-hot encoding) y = to_categorseal(y) # Tokenization and padding axiwords = 5000 # Raxinue naber of words to consider saxlen = 208 # Maxson length of each text ‘tokenizer = Tokentzer(nun wocésenax words, lowersTrue) tokenizer. fit_on_terts() X= tokenizer torts te_sequences(X) X= pad Sequences(X, maxtenemax len) ‘4 Step 2: Split the Dataset Anto Training and Testing Sets Xtrain, X test, yotrain, yest = train test spLit(K, yy test size + randon_statens2) 4 step 4: Bulld the Neural Network Hagel smoset = Sequentiai() model. add(Emedding(toput_dinenax nords, output dine128, input_lengthonax_ten)) model ad SpatialOropewtiB(0.2)) oael.aad(LSIM(200, aropoutsd.2, recurrent dropout oded.ade(ense(2 2)) cesvatione'softmar')) #20 eategortes fn the dataset 4 Step 5: Compile the Rodel ‘model conpile(losse" categorical crossentropy', optisiz ‘aden’, netriceef‘aecuracy"T) 4 Step 6: Trasm the Medel history = odel-f18(0erain, y_tratn, epochsns, batch sizen6s, validation dotan(K test, y_test)) 4 Stop 7: Evaluate the Model accuracy = model-evaluate(K test, y_te5t) print(f"Tese Accoracy: {aecarsey[2]¥100: 23") 4 Step 8: Predicting New Dats (Foke/Res1) Sale text = ["This 15 2 sample news article about technology. ‘chnole seq ~ tokensner. texts to-sequences (sample text) sawole_pad = pod sequences(sanple_seq, naxienenax_1en) prediction ~ nodel.predict(sanple_p34) prediction class = np.argnax(prediction, axis=1) 1 decode the category Sndex into category rane print(#"the news belongs to the category: (categories prediction class{@}})") a eguinenent slnendy satisfied: sctkit-Iearn in /oe/local/13b/python).21/8st-packages (2.6.2) fequinenent slresdy eatisties! pandae in /usr/ocai/ib/pythond.i/eist-psckager (2-2-2), fequinenent already satisfied: munpy in /usr/locsi/1ib/pyehons sa/aist-packages (2-36.8) fequirenent already satisfied: scipype1.6.6 in /ust/local/1ib/python’.11/éist-packages (ron scikit-2earn) (2.23.1) Reguinerent sinesay satisfies: joblibo-i-3.0 4m (us/Ioesl/Tsb/pythons.12/ctet-paceages (Foon seskit-Tearn) (1-4-2) feguinesent already satisfies: thresdpovictl>+3.1.0 in /usr/locai/Iib/pythons-in/aset- packages. (from selkse-leana) (9-5-8) fequirenent already Satisfied: python-dateutii>+2.8.2 in /usr/lecat/1ib/pythens-21/aist packages (fron pandas) (2.8.2) Mequirenent already satisfied: pyt2>W2028.1 in /usr/local/Lib/python3.11/dist-packages (Fron pandas) (2825-1) Requirenent already Satisfied: treatape20i2.7 Jn /usr/local/Lib/python3. 11/dist-packages (From pandas) (2035.2) ‘ntps:Ieolab research google.comidrivel4zwdnlgyy7XpOYHLy4TACGdcCvHaNPjascrTo=o0ZigKb3-psb& prntMode=te 12177s, 12:00 PM PE Lab 2ipynb -Colab fequirenent already satisfied: sbo-1.5 in fusr/local/1ib/python’.a1/dist-packages (fron python-dateutil>= Epoch 1/5 usr) ioca/148/pyton3.24/4ist-packages/heras/ sc) 1ayers/core/enbeading. py: ‘arming narn( 235/236 508 6eins/step ~ accuracy: Epoch 2/5, BBeyane ———— 7 srmme/sten ~ accur epoch 3/5 Bhsyae rs coons/step ~ accuracy: foo 0/5 236/236 198 stons/step ~ accuracy: Epoch 5/5 Bhsyaag as sosas/sten ~ accurat Sais its oteaystep accuracy Test Accuracy: 56.16% 1 —— a5 snr iste ‘he news Belongs to the category: talk.religion. misc 2-ppandas) (1.17. serwarning: Arganent “nput_Length’ As deprecated. 2ust 1197 - toss: 2.8604 - val accuracy S204 ~ valloss: 2.1367 2961 = Loss: 2.3248 - val_accuracy: = toss: 1.6907 - val_aceuracy: @.4602 - val_t0ss: 1.6078 = toss: 1.4498 - val_accuracy: 0.5507 - val_l0ss: 1.3633 = toss: 3.2047 - va_accuracy: @.5814 - val_2055: 1.2995 lose! 4.3548 -ntps:Ieolab research google comidivel4zwdnlgyy7XpOYHL4TOCGdcCvHaNPjascroTo=o0ZqKb3-psb& prntMode=te 22.217s, 12:02 PM PE Lab 2ipynb -Colab 7. Nave Bayes for Spam Classication (Code) Amport pandas 25 od Seport numpy 25-99 ‘from sklearanodel selection import train test split ‘from skiearn-Feature extraction, text daport CountVectordzer fron sheen ate byes aor alsrotais © Sample data: Tent messages (ipen or hon) ata = ( stent": [ . . stet’s meet for lunen’, “Congratulations, you wont", : Get a free vacation now", ‘Do you want to hang ovt?", : L label": ['span', ‘hom’, "spam", ‘hans "span", ‘han’, "spon", ‘haw’, “span, *han"] d + create Datsfrone Gf = pa.vatatrone (data) # Preprocess the data: Convert text labels to binary F{"Aabel} = oF "Taber" ]an(('spon': 2, “haw @)) f Splse data into train and test sets A.train, Ktest, y train, y test = train test split(af{"text"], of{‘Iabel"], test stze-8.3, random statens2) | convert text data nto numerical form using Countvectorizer vectorizer = Countvectorizer() Aitrain_yec = vertorizer. St_transfora(X train) eestvec = vectorizer. transfora(X test) ‘4 Initialize Naive Bayes model and f5¢ St to the training data rb model = Multinonta1NB() e-nodel.F1E(% train vec, y_train) y.pred = nb nodel-predict(X test vec) 1 Evaiuate tne aodel performance prine(-Aecuracy:", accuracy score(y test, y_pred)) print(-Classi¢ication Report: \n", classification report(y test, y.pred)) =" Classification Report: precision recall. fl-score support stro oe o.s0 2 weighted ave 238 2 ‘fusr/local/146/python3.21/6ist-packages/stlearn/aetrics/_classification.py:1565: UndeFinedetriciarning: sarn_prfaverege, modifier, © (netric.capitalize()) 1s, Len(result)) ‘sar/ local? Lib/oythond14/dist-packages/sklearn/eetrics/ classification py:1565: Undefinedetriclarning: Precision 4s {ll-defined and be “nacn_pef(averoge, nodifier, f{oetric.capitalize()} is", Len(result)) ‘sar/local/Lib/pythor3.14/dist-packagee/sklearn/netrice/ claceitleation.py:1565; UndeFinedletriclarning: Precision 4s ill-defined and be “sarn.prf average, modifier, #(netric.copitalize()) is", Len(result)) recislon 1s -defined and be -ntps:Ieolab research google comidivel4zwdnlgyy7XpOYHL4TOCGdcCvHaNPjascroTo=o0ZqKb3-psb& prntMode=te 1